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Development and Application of a Surface High-pressure Injection Device Using a Submersible Electric Pump
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作者 Li Baoyan Tian Xin +1 位作者 Wang Yong Han Shaoming 《Petroleum Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2005年第3期24-27,共4页
Injection recovery is an important measure for increasing the oil recovery rate of an oil field. One way is that centrifugal pumps or plunger pumps are used in an injection station to responsible for injection over a ... Injection recovery is an important measure for increasing the oil recovery rate of an oil field. One way is that centrifugal pumps or plunger pumps are used in an injection station to responsible for injection over a large area under the same pressure. This method is ineffective for low-permeability layers. For the oilfields in dispersed distribution in the marginal areas of Daqing, the low water-absorbing section needs an injection with a high delivery pressure and a low discharge capacity; another way is to install the submersible electric pump upside down, but because the submersible electric pump and the motor are underground, it is difficult for installation and maintenance. Introduced in this paper is the development and application of a surface high-pressure injection device with a submersible electric pump. Bysuccessful resolving some problems, such as the axial force of the submersible electric pump, sealing, level regulation of the pump, coaxiality and vibration, the device has the good points of running smoothly, moving easily, installation and maintains quickly and long period of running. This device can effectively solve the injection of the low water-absorbing section and of oilfields in dispersed locations. The recovery rate of oilfields is also enhanced. 展开更多
关键词 Submersible electric pump surface high-pressure injection axial force SEALING COAXIALITY
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Control effect of boring pests on fruit trees by high-pressure injection of pesticides
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作者 田士波 靳杏蕊 +3 位作者 赵淑娥 张维忠 霍玉华 孙鸿祥 《华北农学报》 CSCD 北大核心 1994年第S2期77-80,共4页
This research is to control the pests inside fruits and buds by injecting pesticides into the tree with the high-pressure injector. The soluable pesticides injected into the trunk can transported insides to every part... This research is to control the pests inside fruits and buds by injecting pesticides into the tree with the high-pressure injector. The soluable pesticides injected into the trunk can transported insides to every part of the tree to kill pests. The change of pesticides inside the tree was observed. The result showed that injecting pesticides once a year could kill above 80% of the pests which happened once annually. The effect of injection lasts longer than that of applying the pesticide outside. The pesticides injected into the tree are not affected by environment and do not kill natural enemies directly,and the residual amount of pesticides is below the international standard level. 展开更多
关键词 fruit tree PESTS high-pressure injection control of INSECT PEST
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A Probabilistic Trust Model and Control Algorithm to Protect 6G Networks against Malicious Data Injection Attacks in Edge Computing Environments 被引量:1
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作者 Borja Bordel Sánchez Ramón Alcarria Tomás Robles 《Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences》 SCIE EI 2024年第10期631-654,共24页
Future 6G communications are envisioned to enable a large catalogue of pioneering applications.These will range from networked Cyber-Physical Systems to edge computing devices,establishing real-time feedback control l... Future 6G communications are envisioned to enable a large catalogue of pioneering applications.These will range from networked Cyber-Physical Systems to edge computing devices,establishing real-time feedback control loops critical for managing Industry 5.0 deployments,digital agriculture systems,and essential infrastructures.The provision of extensive machine-type communications through 6G will render many of these innovative systems autonomous and unsupervised.While full automation will enhance industrial efficiency significantly,it concurrently introduces new cyber risks and vulnerabilities.In particular,unattended systems are highly susceptible to trust issues:malicious nodes and false information can be easily introduced into control loops.Additionally,Denialof-Service attacks can be executed by inundating the network with valueless noise.Current anomaly detection schemes require the entire transformation of the control software to integrate new steps and can only mitigate anomalies that conform to predefined mathematical models.Solutions based on an exhaustive data collection to detect anomalies are precise but extremely slow.Standard models,with their limited understanding of mobile networks,can achieve precision rates no higher than 75%.Therefore,more general and transversal protection mechanisms are needed to detect malicious behaviors transparently.This paper introduces a probabilistic trust model and control algorithm designed to address this gap.The model determines the probability of any node to be trustworthy.Communication channels are pruned for those nodes whose probability is below a given threshold.The trust control algorithmcomprises three primary phases,which feed themodel with three different probabilities,which are weighted and combined.Initially,anomalous nodes are identified using Gaussian mixture models and clustering technologies.Next,traffic patterns are studied using digital Bessel functions and the functional scalar product.Finally,the information coherence and content are analyzed.The noise content and abnormal information sequences are detected using a Volterra filter and a bank of Finite Impulse Response filters.An experimental validation based on simulation tools and environments was carried out.Results show the proposed solution can successfully detect up to 92%of malicious data injection attacks. 展开更多
关键词 6G networks noise injection attacks Gaussian mixture model Bessel function traffic filter Volterra filter
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Influence of introducing Zr,Ti,Nb and Ce elements on externally solidified crystals and mechanical properties of high-pressure die-casting Al–Si alloy
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作者 Junjie Li Wenbo Yu +5 位作者 Zhenyu Sun Weichen Zheng Liangwei Zhang Yanling Xue Wenning Liu Shoumei Xiong 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS 2025年第1期147-153,共7页
High pressure die casting(HPDC)AlSi10Mn Mg alloy castings are widely used in the automobile industry.Mg can optimize the mechanical properties of castings through heat treatment,while the release of thermal stress aro... High pressure die casting(HPDC)AlSi10Mn Mg alloy castings are widely used in the automobile industry.Mg can optimize the mechanical properties of castings through heat treatment,while the release of thermal stress arouses the deformation of large integrated die-castings.Herein,the development of non-heat treatment Al alloys is becoming the hot topic.In addition,HPDC contains externally solidified crystals(ESCs),which are detrimental to the mechanical properties of castings.To achieve high strength and toughness of non-heat treatment die-casting Al-Si alloy,we used AlSi9Mn alloy as matrix with the introduction of Zr,Ti,Nb,and Ce.Their influences on ESCs and mechanical properties were systematically investigated through three-dimensional reconstruction and thermodynamic simulation.Our results reveal that the addition of Ti increased ESCs'size and porosity,while the introduction of Nb refined ESCs and decreased porosity.Meanwhile,large-sized Al_3(Zr,Ti)phases formed and degraded the mechanical properties.Subsequent introduction of Ce resulted in the poisoning effect and reduced mechanical properties. 展开更多
关键词 aluminium alloy high-pressure die-casting externally solidified crystals non-heat treatment
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Shenqi Fuzheng injection alleviates chemotherapy-induced cachexia by restoring glucocorticoid signaling in hypothalamus
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作者 Entezar Berik Zijia Zhang +16 位作者 Wei Li Yawen Liu Sihan Chen Wenyong Wu Zhaojun Wang Xinqin Kong Wenqiang Pei Huiqing Dong Huali Long Min Lei Jennifer Yiyang Wang Liangfeng Liu Jinjun Hou Jing Feng Zhaoxia Li Wanying Wu De-an Guo 《Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第3期431-434,共4页
Chemotherapy-induced cachexia(CIC)is a debilitating condition characterized by weight loss,muscle atrophy,and anorexia[1].While peripheral mechanisms of cachexia have been extensively studied,the involvement of the ce... Chemotherapy-induced cachexia(CIC)is a debilitating condition characterized by weight loss,muscle atrophy,and anorexia[1].While peripheral mechanisms of cachexia have been extensively studied,the involvement of the central nervous system(CNS)in CIC is often overlooked.Chemotherapeutic drugs cause stress responses and inflammation,which may impact the hypothalamus and disrupt systemic energy and neuroendocrine functions.Understanding hypothalamic roles in regulating these processes can provide insights into CIC's mechanisms and aid in developing novel therapies. 展开更多
关键词 injection DRUGS GLUCOCORTICOID CHEMOTHERAPY
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Nano-scale Reinforcements and Properties of Al-Si-Cu Alloy Processed by High-Pressure Torsion
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作者 DONG Ying WU Siyuan +4 位作者 HE Ziyang LIANG Chen CHENG Feng HE Zuwei QIAN Chenhao 《Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第5期1253-1259,共7页
To improve the comprehensive mechanical properties of Al-Si-Cu alloy,it was treated by a high-pressure torsion process,and the effect of the deformation degree on the microstructure and properties of the Al-Si-Cu allo... To improve the comprehensive mechanical properties of Al-Si-Cu alloy,it was treated by a high-pressure torsion process,and the effect of the deformation degree on the microstructure and properties of the Al-Si-Cu alloy was studied.The results show that the reinforcements(β-Si andθ-CuAl_(2)phases)of the Al-Si-Cu alloy are dispersed in theα-Al matrix phase with finer phase size after the treatment.The processed samples exhibit grain sizes in the submicron or even nanometer range,which effectively improves the mechanical properties of the material.The hardness and strength of the deformed alloy are both significantly raised to 268 HV and 390.04 MPa by 10 turns HPT process,and the fracture morphology shows that the material gradually transits from brittle to plastic before and after deformation.The elements interdiffusion at the interface between the phases has also been effectively enhanced.In addition,it is found that the severe plastic deformation at room temperature induces a ternary eutectic reaction,resulting in the formation of ternary Al+Si+CuAl_(2)eutectic. 展开更多
关键词 Al-Si-Cu alloy high-pressure torsion nano-scale reinforcements ternary eutectic
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Experimental and Finite Element Analysis of Corroded High-Pressure Pipeline Repaired by Laminated Composite
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作者 Seyed Mohammad Reza Abtahi Saeid Ansari Sadrabadi +4 位作者 Gholam Hosein Rahimi Gaurav Singh Hamid Abyar Daniele Amato Luigi Federico 《Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences》 SCIE EI 2024年第8期1783-1806,共24页
Repairs of corroded high-pressure pipelines are essential for fluids transportation under high pressure.One of the methods used in their repairs is the use of layered composites.The composite used must have the necess... Repairs of corroded high-pressure pipelines are essential for fluids transportation under high pressure.One of the methods used in their repairs is the use of layered composites.The composite used must have the necessary strength.Therefore,the experiments and analytical solutions presented in this paper are performed according to the relevant standards and codes,including ASME PCC-2,ASME B31.8S,ASME B31.4,ISO 24817 and ASME B31.G.In addition,the experimental tests are replicated numerically using the finite element method.Setting the strain gauges at different distances from the defect location,can reduce the nonlinear effects,deformation,and fluctuations due to the high pressure.The direct relationship between the depth of an axial defect and the stress concentration is observed at the inner side edges of the defect.Composite reparation reduces the non-linearities related to the sharp variation of the geometry and a more reliable numerical simulation could be performed. 展开更多
关键词 high-pressure pipeline composite repair ASME PCC-2 ISO 24817
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Personalized laparoscopic radical resection of gallbladder cancer by staining of the liver draining area through ICG injection into the cholecystic artery
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作者 Xu Bao Dongyang Li Wei Zhang 《Cancer Biology & Medicine》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第10期844-848,共5页
Gallbladder cancer(GBC)is a common malignant tumor often diagnosed in advanced stages.Surgery is among the most important treatments for GBC.Radical resection of GBC involves removal of the gallbladder and the gallbla... Gallbladder cancer(GBC)is a common malignant tumor often diagnosed in advanced stages.Surgery is among the most important treatments for GBC.Radical resection of GBC involves removal of the gallbladder and the gallbladder bed[liver segments(S)4b and 5],and hepatoduodenal ligament regional lymphadenectomy.The main GBC metastasis modes are blood and lymph node metastases.The scope of resection/wedge resection or regular S4b and S5 hepatectomy for blood metastasis is a matter of debate.A variety of hepatectomy methods have been proposed for T2 stage GBC,but no consensus has been reached regarding the scope of radical resection.Currently,the liver resection range is determined by branches of the portal vein.S4b and S5 hepatectomy is determined according to the liver portal vein branch perfusion area,but the rationale for liver resection for GBC is to eliminate potential metastasis from the cystic vein reflux area to the liver.In the case described herein,we used a novel technique and theoretical framework to conduct laparoscopic radical resection of gallbladder cancer(LRRGC)facilitated by staining of the liver draining area with an indocyanine green(ICG)injection into the cholecystic artery. 展开更多
关键词 GALLBLADDER injection Surgery
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Does HSP27 injection induce glaucoma damage in mice?
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作者 Stephanie C.Joachim Sabrina Reinehr 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第11期2347-2348,共2页
In a further aging society,excellent eyesight is an integral part of overall well-being and quality of life.Preserving good vision is crucial to maintaining mobility,independence,and mental health.There can be several... In a further aging society,excellent eyesight is an integral part of overall well-being and quality of life.Preserving good vision is crucial to maintaining mobility,independence,and mental health.There can be several reasons for visual impairment in elderly people,these include age-related macular degeneration,the leading cause of vision loss among older adults,cataract,glaucoma,diabetic retinopathy,retinal detachment,and others. 展开更多
关键词 HSP27 injection DAMAGE
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Numerical Simulation of Asphaltene Precipitation and Deposition during Natural Gas and CO_(2) Injection
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作者 Shasha Feng Yi Liao +3 位作者 Weixin Liu Jianwen Dai Mingying Xie Li Li 《Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing》 EI 2024年第2期275-292,共18页
Asphaltene deposition is a significant problem during gas injection processes,as it can block the porous medium,the wellbore,and the involved facilities,significantly impacting reservoir productivity and ultimate oil re... Asphaltene deposition is a significant problem during gas injection processes,as it can block the porous medium,the wellbore,and the involved facilities,significantly impacting reservoir productivity and ultimate oil recovery.Only a few studies have investigated the numerical modeling of this potential effect in porous media.This study focuses on asphaltene deposition due to natural gas and CO_(2) injection.Predictions of the effect of gas injection on asphaltene deposition behavior have been made using a 3D numerical simulation model.The results indicate that the injection of natural gas exacerbates asphaltene deposition,leading to a significant reduction in permeability near the injection well and throughout the reservoir.This reduction in permeability strongly affects the ability of gas toflow through the reservoir,resulting in an improvement of the displacement front.The displacement effi-ciency of the injection gas process increases by up to 1.40%when gas is injected at 5500 psi,compared to the scenario where the asphaltene model is not considered.CO_(2) injection leads to a miscible process with crude oil,extracting light and intermediate components,which intensifies asphaltene precipitation and increases the viscosity of the remaining crude oil,ultimately reducing the recovery rate. 展开更多
关键词 Reservoir simulation asphaltenes deposition natural gas injection CO_(2)injection
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Tofacitinib combined with local low-dose ixekizumab injection benefits those with peripheral psoriatic arthritis
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作者 Yours Sincerely Ruiyuan Xia +2 位作者 Weixin Zhang Jing Hang Zhiqiang Yin 《The Journal of Biomedical Research》 CAS CSCD 2024年第1期92-94,共3页
Dear Editor,Treating psoriatic arthritis(PsA)is always difficult.Systemic treatments can be administered either orally or through intramuscular and intra-articular injection,including conventional synthetics,biologics... Dear Editor,Treating psoriatic arthritis(PsA)is always difficult.Systemic treatments can be administered either orally or through intramuscular and intra-articular injection,including conventional synthetics,biologics and targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs[1].The alternatives,topical external therapies,are not effective on joint lesions due to drug permeability issues.Drugs injected into the articular cavity are also unsuitable for small peripheral joint lesions,the most common manifestations of PsA.The limited treatment options for PsA present a challenge. 展开更多
关键词 injection DRUGS cavity treatment
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Comparative study of boron and neon injections on divertor heat fluxes using SOLPS-ITER simulations
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作者 Lei Peng Zhen Sun +6 位作者 Ji-Zhong Sun Rajesh Maingi Fang Gao Xavier Bonnin Hua-Yi Chang Wei-Kang Wang Jin-Yuan Liu 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第11期312-321,共10页
Based on the EAST equilibrium,the effects of boron(B)and neon(Ne)injected at different locations on the target heat load,and the distributions of B and Ne particles were investigated by transport code SOLPS-ITER.It wa... Based on the EAST equilibrium,the effects of boron(B)and neon(Ne)injected at different locations on the target heat load,and the distributions of B and Ne particles were investigated by transport code SOLPS-ITER.It was found that the B injection was more sensitive to the injection location for heat flux control than impurity Ne.The high electron and ion densities near the inner target in the discharge with impurity B injected from over X-point(R1)led to plasma detachment only at the inner target,and the localized B ions in the cases with injection from outer target location(R2)and upstream location(R3)led to far-SOL detachment at the outer target,but not at the inner target.In contrast,for Ne,the spatial distributions of Ne ions and electrons were found to be similar in all the cases at the three injection locations,and the detached plasma was achieved at the inner target and the electron temperature was reduced at the outer target.For locations R2 and R3,impurity B showed a more pronounced effect on the heat flux at the far-SOL of the outer target.Further analysis indicated that Ne atoms came mainly from the recycling sources,whereas B atoms came mainly from injection,and that their distinct atomic distributions resulted from the difference in the ionization threshold and ionization mean free path.In addition,the radiation proportion of B in the divertor region was larger than that of Ne when the total radiation power was similar,which suggests that B has less influence on the core region. 展开更多
关键词 BORON NEON injection location heat flux
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Experimental study of the influencing factors and mechanisms of the pressure-reduction and augmented injection effect by nanoparticles in ultra-low permeability reservoirs
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作者 Pan Wang Yu-Hang Hu +8 位作者 Liao-Yuan Zhang Yong Meng Zhen-Fu Ma Tian-Ru Wang Zi-Lin Zhang Ji-Chao Fang Xiao-Qiang Liu Qing You Yan Zhang 《Petroleum Science》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第3期1915-1927,共13页
Nanoparticles(NPs)have gained significant attention as a functional material due to their ability to effectively enhance pressure reduction in injection processes in ultra-low permeability reservoirs.NPs are typically... Nanoparticles(NPs)have gained significant attention as a functional material due to their ability to effectively enhance pressure reduction in injection processes in ultra-low permeability reservoirs.NPs are typically studied in controlled laboratory conditions,and their behavior in real-world,complex environments such as ultra-low permeability reservoirs,is not well understood due to the limited scope of their applications.This study investigates the efficacy and underlying mechanisms of NPs in decreasing injection pressure under various injection conditions(25—85℃,10—25 MPa).The results reveal that under optimal injection conditions,NPs effectively reduce injection pressure by a maximum of 22.77%in core experiment.The pressure reduction rate is found to be positively correlated with oil saturation and permeability,and negatively correlated with temperature and salinity.Furthermore,particle image velocimetry(PIV)experiments(25℃,atmospheric pressure)indicate that the pressure reduction is achieved by NPs through the reduction of wall shear resistance and wettability change.This work has important implications for the design of water injection strategies in ultra-low permeability reservoirs. 展开更多
关键词 NANOPARTICLE Pressure reduction Augmented injection Ultra-low permeability reservoir
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Background diseases and the number of previous intravitreal aflibercept injections on immediate intraocular pressure increase and vitreous reflux rate in phakic eyes
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作者 Tetsuya Muto Shigeki Machida Shinichiro Imaizumi 《International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)》 SCIE CAS 2024年第3期545-550,共6页
●AIM:To evaluate the effect of background diseases and number of previous intravitreal aflibercept injections(IVAIs)on immediate intraocular pressure(IOP)increase and vitreous reflux(VR)rate and to evaluate the corre... ●AIM:To evaluate the effect of background diseases and number of previous intravitreal aflibercept injections(IVAIs)on immediate intraocular pressure(IOP)increase and vitreous reflux(VR)rate and to evaluate the correlation of both age and axial length with immediate IOP increase and VR rate.●METHODS:This study included 105 patients with cystoid macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion,35 patients with diabetic macular edema,69 patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration(nAMD),and 12 patients with myopic choroidal neovascularization,which underwent first-time IVAI.The correlation of immediate IOP increase and VR rates with the four background diseases was investigated.Moreover,the correlation of age with immediate IOP increase and VR rate as well as correlation of axial length with immediate IOP increase and VR rate were evaluated.Further,54 patients with nAMD were treated with IVAI>10 times(multiple IVAIs).Moreover,the correlation of immediate IOP increase and VR rates with first-time and multiple IVAIs in nAMD was determined.●RESULTS:The immediate IOP increase(P=0.16)and VR rates(P=0.50)were almost similar among the four background diseases.The immediate postinjection IOP and age,VR rate and age,immediate postinjection IOP and axial length,or VR rate and axial length were not correlated in the four background diseases.The immediate IOP increase(P=0.66)and VR rates(P=0.28)did not significantly differ between first-time and multiple IVAIs in nAMD.●CONCLUSION:Background diseases and number of previous IVAIs have no effect on immediate IOP increase and VR rate.Further,age and axial length have no correlation on immediate IOP increase and VR rate. 展开更多
关键词 AFLIBERCEPT intraocular pressure vitreous reflux intravitreal injection
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Oxygen variation in titanium powder and metal injection molding
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作者 Junping Shen Chang Liu +7 位作者 Muhammad Dilawer Hayat Jianan Chen Hanqing Tian Fusheng Xin Gang Chen Fei Yang Mingli Qin Xuanhui Qu 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第12期2706-2713,共8页
The control of oxygen is paramount in achieving high-performance titanium(Ti)parts by powder metallurgy such as metal in-jection molding(MIM).In this study,we purposely selected the Ti and Ti-6Al-4V powders as the ref... The control of oxygen is paramount in achieving high-performance titanium(Ti)parts by powder metallurgy such as metal in-jection molding(MIM).In this study,we purposely selected the Ti and Ti-6Al-4V powders as the reference materials since these two are the most representative Ti materials in the industry.Herein,hydride-dehydride(HDH)Ti powders were pre-oxidized to examine the ef-fect of oxygen variation on the characteristics of oxide layer on the particle surface and its resultant color feature.The results indicate that the thickness and Ti oxide level(Ti^(0)→Ti^(4+))of the oxide layer on the HDH Ti powders increased as the oxygen content increased,lead-ing to the transition of color appearance from grey,brown to blue.This work aids in the powder feedstock selection at the initial stage in powder metallurgy.In addition,the development of oxygen content was comprehensively studied during the MIM process using the gas-atomized(GA)Ti-6Al-4V powders.Particularly,the oxygen variation in the form of oxide layer,the change of oxygen content in the powders,and the relevant parts were investigated during the processes of kneading,injection,debinding,and sintering.The oxygen vari-ation was mainly concentrated in the sintering stage,and the content increased with the increase of sintering temperature.The variation of oxygen content during the MIM process demonstrates the crucial role of powder feedstock and sintering stage in controlling oxygen con-tent.This work provides a piece of valuable information on oxygen detecting,control,and manipulation for the powder and processing in the industry of Ti and its alloys by powder metallurgy. 展开更多
关键词 titanium alloys OXYGEN metal injection molding powder metallurgy
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Intravitreal injection practice patterns among Chinese ophthalmologists
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作者 Li Su Yin-Chen Shen +3 位作者 Hong Li Bo Mou Kun Liu Xun Xu 《International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)》 SCIE CAS 2024年第9期1717-1722,共6页
AIM:To describe the practice patterns of intravitreal injections(IVIs)among ophthalmologists in China.METHODS:This was a cross-sectional online survey.Ophthalmologists who had performed accumulated more than 100 injec... AIM:To describe the practice patterns of intravitreal injections(IVIs)among ophthalmologists in China.METHODS:This was a cross-sectional online survey.Ophthalmologists who had performed accumulated more than 100 injections were contacted by the Brightness Center,a hospital-based national network,to complete an anonymous,24-question,internet-based survey.They were surveyed on practices in injection techniques,pre-,and post-injections procedures.RESULTS:A total of 333 ophthalmologists from 28 provinces/municipalities/autonomous regions responded to the survey(50.68%response rate).The 91.29%of the respondents evaluated systemic risk factors by medical history,electrocardiogram(ECG)and blood test.All the respondents used pre-injection prophylactic antibiotics.Most checked intraocular pressure(IOP,99.1%)and blood pressure(96.1%)before injections.A majority of the respondents performed injections in the operating room(98.8%),wore masks(99.7%),gloves(99.4%)and sterile surgical clothing(96.1%),performed topical anesthetics(97.9%),and applied povidone-iodine(95.8%)pre-injection.The 61.26%of the respondents dilated pupil.About half of the respondents(51.05%)performed bilateral injections in the same setting.Superior temporal quadrant(40.54%)was the most frequent site of injection.Around three quarters used 30-gauge needles.Most respondents(97.9%)measured the site of injection from limbus.More than half(53.45%)performed conjunctiva displacement prior to injection.The 32.43%of the respondents checked IOP post-injection and 87.99%physicians checked hand motion(HM)or counting fingers(CF)after injection,while 36.94%observed optic nerve perfusion.All participants used topical antibiotics post-injections.Most physicians(91.89%)reviewed patients on the following day.CONCLUSION:This study provides a description of the real-world practice patterns in IVIs in China and offers critical information regarding education and training of ophthalmologists and amendment of local society guidelines. 展开更多
关键词 intravitreal injections practice pattern topical antibiotics Chinese ophthalmologists
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Modeling injection-induced fault slip using long short-term memory networks
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作者 Utkarsh Mital Mengsu Hu +2 位作者 Yves Guglielmi James Brown Jonny Rutqvist 《Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第11期4354-4368,共15页
Stress changes due to changes in fluid pressure and temperature in a faulted formation may lead to the opening/shearing of the fault.This can be due to subsurface(geo)engineering activities such as fluid injections an... Stress changes due to changes in fluid pressure and temperature in a faulted formation may lead to the opening/shearing of the fault.This can be due to subsurface(geo)engineering activities such as fluid injections and geologic disposal of nuclear waste.Such activities are expected to rise in the future making it necessary to assess their short-and long-term safety.Here,a new machine learning(ML)approach to model pore pressure and fault displacements in response to high-pressure fluid injection cycles is developed.The focus is on fault behavior near the injection borehole.To capture the temporal dependencies in the data,long short-term memory(LSTM)networks are utilized.To prevent error accumulation within the forecast window,four critical measures to train a robust LSTM model for predicting fault response are highlighted:(i)setting an appropriate value of LSTM lag,(ii)calibrating the LSTM cell dimension,(iii)learning rate reduction during weight optimization,and(iv)not adopting an independent injection cycle as a validation set.Several numerical experiments were conducted,which demonstrated that the ML model can capture peaks in pressure and associated fault displacement that accompany an increase in fluid injection.The model also captured the decay in pressure and displacement during the injection shut-in period.Further,the ability of an ML model to highlight key changes in fault hydromechanical activation processes was investigated,which shows that ML can be used to monitor risk of fault activation and leakage during high pressure fluid injections. 展开更多
关键词 Machine learning Long short-term memory networks FAULT Fluid injection
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Mechanistic investigation of gas injection treatment in a continental shale gas condensate reservoir
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作者 Longlong Li Xing Qin +4 位作者 Chao Zhou Yuewu Liu Wei Pang Luting Wang Jiuge Ding 《Acta Mechanica Sinica》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第9期22-34,共13页
Low thermal evolution degree of gas and connected fracture network are key features in the continental shale gas reservoirs.When the pressure decreases lower than the dew point pressure,gas condensate diminishes the m... Low thermal evolution degree of gas and connected fracture network are key features in the continental shale gas reservoirs.When the pressure decreases lower than the dew point pressure,gas condensate diminishes the mobility of subsurface fluid forms in the near well region,which further reduces the productivity and final recovery factor in addition to the low connected fracture network.This work is motivated to investigate the application of gas injection,proven to be a feasible technique in conventional/marine-shale gas condensate reservoirs,in continental shale gas condensate reservoirs.We apply a compositional model to investigate the mechanism of gas injection treatment taking a continental shale gas condensate reservoir in the Fuxing area,Sichuan Basin,China as an example.The results demonstrate that for the removal of gas condensate during CO_(2)injection,re-vaporization plays the main mechanism through two processes including pressurization and development of miscibility,while the former is overwhelming.Considering the variation trend of the total volume of gas condensate,we divide the whole injection process into four and six stages in the single fracture model and fracture network model,respectively,and reason the trend with respect to phase behavior and flow pattern.A sensitive study on the injected gas type indicates that the sorting of the gas injection performance to remove gas condensate produced gas followed by CH4,and followed by CO_(2).Finally,we investigate the performance of cyclic produced-gas injection and optimize the injection scheme.This work provides technical and theoretical support for the development of continental shale gas reservoirs. 展开更多
关键词 Gas injection Gas condensate Continental shale reservoir MECHANISM Numerical simulation
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Cross-upgrading of biomass hydrothermal carbonization and pyrolysis for high quality blast furnace injection fuel production:Physicochemical characteristics and gasification kinetics analysis
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作者 Han Dang Runsheng Xu +2 位作者 Jianliang Zhang Mingyong Wang Jinhua Li 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期268-281,共14页
The paper proposes a biomass cross-upgrading process that combines hydrothermal carbonization and pyrolysis to produce high-quality blast furnace injection fuel.The results showed that after upgrading,the volatile con... The paper proposes a biomass cross-upgrading process that combines hydrothermal carbonization and pyrolysis to produce high-quality blast furnace injection fuel.The results showed that after upgrading,the volatile content of biochar ranged from 16.19%to 45.35%,and the alkali metal content,ash content,and specific surface area were significantly reduced.The optimal route for biochar pro-duction is hydrothermal carbonization-pyrolysis(P-HC),resulting in biochar with a higher calorific value,C=C structure,and increased graphitization degree.The apparent activation energy(E)of the sample ranges from 199.1 to 324.8 kJ/mol,with P-HC having an E of 277.8 kJ/mol,lower than that of raw biomass,primary biochar,and anthracite.This makes P-HC more suitable for blast furnace injection fuel.Additionally,the paper proposes a path for P-HC injection in blast furnaces and calculates potential environmental benefits.P-HC of-fers the highest potential for carbon emission reduction,capable of reducing emissions by 96.04 kg/t when replacing 40wt%coal injec-tion. 展开更多
关键词 blast furnace injection BIOMASS cross-upgrading hydrothermal carbonization PYROLYSIS physicochemical properties gasific-ation properties
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Efficacy of acupoint injection in the treatment of chronic eczema and its influence on peripheral blood T cells
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作者 Hui-Hui Gan Gao Yang Ting-Ting Shen 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 SCIE 2024年第17期3019-3026,共8页
BACKGROUND Chronic eczema significantly impacts daily life,social interactions,and quality of life;however,no curative treatment has been identified.AIM To determine the clinical efficacy of acupoint injection for chr... BACKGROUND Chronic eczema significantly impacts daily life,social interactions,and quality of life;however,no curative treatment has been identified.AIM To determine the clinical efficacy of acupoint injection for chronic eczema and its influence on peripheral blood T cells.METHODS Eighty patients with chronic eczema treated at our hospital between June 2022 and March 2023 were randomly assigned to a control group(n=40),which received conventional Western medicine treatment,or an observation group(n=40),which received routine Western medicine treatment plus acupoint injection of triamcinolone acetonide.Response and adverse reaction rates,as well as differences in the levels of serum cytokines IFN-γ,IL-2,IL-4,and IL-10 before and after treatment were investigated.RESULTS No difference in overall response rates were found between the observation and control groups(100%vs 90%,respectively;P>0.05);however,the observation group had a higher marked response rate than the control group(87.5%vs 52.5%;P<0.05).Both groups had decreased Eczema Area and Severity Index scores and increased pruritus after treatment(P<0.05),particularly in the observation group(P<0.05).The observation group had an adverse reaction rate of 2.5%(1/40),which did not differ significantly from that of the control group(P>0.05).The observation group exhibited higher post-treatment INF-γand IL-2 but lower IL-4 levels than the control group(P<0.05);however,no significant inter-group difference was observed in post-treatment IL-10 levels(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Acupoint injection of triamcinolone acetonide is safe and effective in treating chronic eczema.Its therapeutic mechanism is related to the regulation of peripheral blood T cell levels,inhibition of inflammatory reactions,and mitigation of immune imbalance. 展开更多
关键词 ECZEMA Acupoint injection T cells Immune imbalance
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