To explore pharmaceutical actinobacteria from salty environments in Siberia,8 soil samples were collected from different depths of Gudzhirganskoe saline lake,the Republic of Buryatia,Russia.Totally,635 actinobacterial...To explore pharmaceutical actinobacteria from salty environments in Siberia,8 soil samples were collected from different depths of Gudzhirganskoe saline lake,the Republic of Buryatia,Russia.Totally,635 actinobacterial strains affiliated with 21 genera in 12 families of 7 orders were obtained by culture-dependent approaches.The predominant genus was Streptomyces(74.5%),followed by Microbacterium(4.9%),Agromyces(3.5%),Nocardiopsis(3.0%),and Kitasatospora(2.5%).Seven strains showed relatively low 16 S rRNA similarities(<98.65%)with validly described species.Seventy-seven strains were selected as representatives to evaluate their antimicrobial activities and underlying mechanisms by paper-disk diffusion method and a double fluorescent protein reporter system(pDualrep 2),respectively.Streptomyces sp.S 6 b 3-1 was highlighted due to its strong inhibitory activities against Gram-positive bacteria and underlying antibacterial mechanism by inducing the SOS response in the reporter system.LG-1,(R)-6-[1-(benzoyloxy)ethyl]-phenazine-1-carboxylic acid,an analogue of saphenamycin was finally isolated from the culture broth of Streptomyces strain.This study preliminarily explored the actinobacterial diversity of soil samples collected in the highly alkaline and saline lake Gudzhirganskoe by culture-dependent approach and their capacity to produce antibiotics for the first time,which revealed that it deserves to make more efforts to discover new actinobacterial species and potential new antibiotics from the saline lake in Eastern Siberia.展开更多
Based on the data of field outcrops,drilling cores,casting thin sections,well logging interpretation,oil/gas shows during drilling,and oil/gas testing results,and combined with modern salt-lake sediments in the Qingha...Based on the data of field outcrops,drilling cores,casting thin sections,well logging interpretation,oil/gas shows during drilling,and oil/gas testing results,and combined with modern salt-lake sediments in the Qinghai Lake,the Neogene saline lake beach-bars in southwestern Qaidam Basin are studied from the perspective of sedimentary characteristics,development patterns,sand control factors,and hydrocarbon accumulation characteristics.Beach-bar sand bodies are widely developed in the Neogene saline lake basin,and they are lithologically fine sandstone and siltstone,with wavy bedding,low-angle cross bedding,and lenticular-vein bedding.In view of spatial-temporal distribution,the beach-bar sand bodies are stacked in multiple stages vertically,migratory laterally,and extensive and continuous in NW-SE trending pattern in the plane.The stacking area of the Neogene beach-bar sandstone is predicted to be 3000 km^(2).The water salinity affects the sedimentation rate and offshore distance of beach-bar sandstone,and the debris input from the source area affects the scale and enrichment of beach-bar sandstone.The ancient landform controls the morphology and stacking style of beach-bar sandstone,and the northwest monsoon driving effect controls the long-axis extension direction of beach-bar sandstone.The beach-bars have a reservoir-forming feature of“one reservoir in one sand body”,with thick beach-bar sand bodies controlling the effective reservoir distribution and oil-source faults controlling the oil/gas migration and accumulation direction.Three favorable exploration target zones in Zhahaquan,Yingdong-eastern Wunan and Huatugou areas are proposed based on the analysis of reservoir-forming elements.展开更多
In this paper the authors classify saline lake sediments into the cold, warm and eurythermal phases, reveal the consistency between the zoning of hydrochemical types of modern saline lake water and climatic zoning and...In this paper the authors classify saline lake sediments into the cold, warm and eurythermal phases, reveal the consistency between the zoning of hydrochemical types of modern saline lake water and climatic zoning and give climatic parameters under the conditions of typical cold phase (mirabilite and natron), warm phase (thenar-dite) and slightly warm phase (bloedite) saline lake deposition.展开更多
Qaidam basin is an important part of National Key Development Area–Lanzhou-Xining Area,is a key region of resource development in Western Development,is a National Circular Economy Pilot Zone.The focus
1 Introduction A presence of resting stages in various aquatic organisms is a long-known phenomenon as a mechanism of species adaptation to exist in unstable aquatic habitats,surviving adverse conditions in the'sl...1 Introduction A presence of resting stages in various aquatic organisms is a long-known phenomenon as a mechanism of species adaptation to exist in unstable aquatic habitats,surviving adverse conditions in the'sleeping'state(Radzikowski,2013).Bank of resting stages of planktonic organisms is an important component of the plankton community,without which we cannot understand community dynamics(Brendonck and De Meester,2003).展开更多
A considerable part of the world's population is currently experiencing a severe scarcity of freshwater and nutrition. Inland aquaculture has the fastest growth in fresh waters, and this contributes to the eutroph...A considerable part of the world's population is currently experiencing a severe scarcity of freshwater and nutrition. Inland aquaculture has the fastest growth in fresh waters, and this contributes to the eutrophication of freshwater bodies. The increase in freshwater aquaculture impacts on the increasing demand for fresh water. A way to overcome this is to develop aquaculture in saline lakes. This article discusses how saline and hypersaline lakes may contribute to overcome this problem and gives a list of fish and shrimp species that can be cultivated in saline lakes. Successful development of aquaculture depends on a healthy cultured stock of commercial fish and shrimps. A sustainable healthy stock of fish and shrimps can be only maintained using live food for the cultured fish larvae, fry and fingerlings. As well as Artemia spp. there are many other crustacean species with the potential for growing in hypersaline waters. At least 26 copepod species around the world can live at a salinity above 100 g/L with 12 species at a salinity higher than 200 g/L, and these all have excellent nutritional value. There is a high potential to use eukaryotic organisms of diff erent taxa in saline/hypersaline aquaculture for food, agri-aquaculture, diff erent industries and as food supplements.展开更多
The Baraba and Kulunda steppes are located in southwestern Siberia in an area with an arid continental climate. This paper presents results of the first study of the hypersaline Lake Krasnovishnevoye(Baraba steppe, TD...The Baraba and Kulunda steppes are located in southwestern Siberia in an area with an arid continental climate. This paper presents results of the first study of the hypersaline Lake Krasnovishnevoye(Baraba steppe, TDS(total dissolved solids)=297 g/L, pH 7.88). The major chemical, mineralogical and biological features of the lake were studied and compared to those of Lake Malinovoe, a typical saline neutral lake of Kulunda steppe(TDS=396 g/L, pH 7.63). The phytoplankton composition and the culturable diversity of anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria from Lake Krasnovishnevoye correspond to the ones in the Kulunda lakes. Nevertheless, the peculiarities of water composition and regime of Lake Krasnovishnevoye reduce the biodiversity to prokaryotes and unicellular algae.展开更多
1 Introduction Increasing demand for uranium raw materials for the nuclear industry has stimulated interest in non-traditional sources,including hydromineral ones[Qin,2009].Those are saline lakes located in the uraniu...1 Introduction Increasing demand for uranium raw materials for the nuclear industry has stimulated interest in non-traditional sources,including hydromineral ones[Qin,2009].Those are saline lakes located in the uranium ore districts.Accumulation of uranium in such lakes results from the leaching of uranium from the rocks by surface and展开更多
Introduction Through the study of environmental change indicators:landform,strata sedimentary characteristics,mineralogy characteristics and Grain-size,magnetic susceptibility analysis for 3101 cm height profile of Do...Introduction Through the study of environmental change indicators:landform,strata sedimentary characteristics,mineralogy characteristics and Grain-size,magnetic susceptibility analysis for 3101 cm height profile of Dogai Coring salt lake shore in the northern of Tibet plateau,the conclusion is roughly obtained about six major climate change process:展开更多
Our sustainable environmental management must be based on adequate ecological concepts. The question arises: what concept is better to use for understanding and management of ecosystems? To look for an answer, we conc...Our sustainable environmental management must be based on adequate ecological concepts. The question arises: what concept is better to use for understanding and management of ecosystems? To look for an answer, we concentrate our attention on saline lakes. Every ecosystem has several alternative stable states and may demonstrate regime shifts, which are large, abrupt, persistent changes in the structure and function of a system. To understand the dynamics of ecosystems the Concept of Multiplicity of Ecosystem Alternative Stable States as a new ecological paradigm has been developed recently. The author analyzes the emerging paradigm using the case of saline lakes, and discusses how to base our adaptive environmental management on the developing paradigm. Different issues of development of the concept and its application to salinology as a scientific basis of an integrated management of a saline lake and its watershed are discussed. The concept may serve as one of the key theoretical elements of the scientific basis in sustainable environmental management.展开更多
Saline lakes are useful repositories for paleo-climatic records. In recent years, magnetic properties of saline lake sediments have been widely applied to establish paleo-climatic change. However,the influence factors...Saline lakes are useful repositories for paleo-climatic records. In recent years, magnetic properties of saline lake sediments have been widely applied to establish paleo-climatic change. However,the influence factors of magnetic properties in saline lakes have not been fully understood, which complicates the paleoenvironmental interpretation.Here, we present a rock magnetic analyses result of LOP_1 profile(40°26′09″′N, 90°21′23″E) from Lop Nur, a well-known saline lake, located in the eastern Tarim Basin in northwestern China. We combined the particle size, total organic content, and mineral characteristics analysis to assess the influence factors of magnetic properties in Lop Nur and its environmental significance. The results indicate that early diagenesis is the major influence factor on magnetic properties of Lop Nur saline sediments.Authigenic greigite and pyrite are identified within organic-rich sediments, which produce zones with high and low magnetic susceptibilities, respectively.The different authigenic iron sulfide contents in different layers are related to sedimentary environment changes. Sufficient supplies of organic matter and sulphate and low sedimentation rates favour the pyritization process. Moreover, if pyritization was constrained, intermediate greigite formed and was preserved. In oxidizing environments, sediment magnetic properties are consistent with those of source materials from Tarim Basin and are mainly controlled by particle size and hydrodynamic sorting of mainly detrital magnetite is largely unaffected by early diagenesis. Our study demonstrates that magnetic properties can provide a robust approach for studying depositional environment change in saline lake. In addition, the information obtained in this study would also provide insights into the geochemical processes of iron element in saline lakes.展开更多
1 Introduction Viruses are the most abundant biological entities on Earth.They can influence the succession of individual microbial populations,biogeochemical cycles of C/N and,ultimately,microbial community structure...1 Introduction Viruses are the most abundant biological entities on Earth.They can influence the succession of individual microbial populations,biogeochemical cycles of C/N and,ultimately,microbial community structure through展开更多
The instability of saline soil foundation affects the safety of artificial construction,and may cause ground collapse,building destruction and road damage.It is fundamental to reduce the potential engineering geologic...The instability of saline soil foundation affects the safety of artificial construction,and may cause ground collapse,building destruction and road damage.It is fundamental to reduce the potential engineering geological disasters by exploring the dynamic evolution of saline soil.Most of the previous researches of saline soil were conducted by simulated experiments and traditional geodetic surveying methods.Restricted to the limited sampling points,the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of saline soil were difficult to find out in a large scale.This paper exploited SBAS-InSAR method to extract the deformation of the Qarhan Salt Lake(in Qinghai,China)section along Qinghai-Tibet railway,based on 119 image data acquired by Sentinel-1A from 2015 to 2020.The results showed that the deformation trends varied frequently in this saline mud flat.Between the adjacent areas with different deformation trends along Qinghai-Tibet railway,discontinuities caused by uplift and subsidence were very obvious.Besides,among the areas with brine exploitation or artificial construction,the maximum subsidence rate reached50 mm/yr,and the maximum cumulative subsidence exceeded 320 mm in the latest 5 years.In the saline mud flat closed to the rivers and lakes,the deformation trend was continuous uplift.Nevertheless,there were obvious seasonal deformation characteristics in those areas far away from the water body.Further analysis found out a sharply subsidence caused by the salt collapsibility appeared in rainy seasons.While an uplift trend induced by the salt swelling or frost heave was remarkable in dry seasons.Subsequently,the relationships were analyzed between the time series deformation and external environmental fac-tors.Furthermore,the deformation mechanism of saline soilin the Qarhan Salt Lake region was inter-preted then.In general,this study provides complete spatiotemporal evolution information of saline soil,and demonstrates the deformation characteristics of saline soil in the Qarhan Salt Lake region suc-cessfully.Related results would contribute to the safety monitoring for large-scale infrastructure con-struction in the saline soil areas.展开更多
In this paper,we introduced parameterizations of the salinity effects(on heat capacity,thermal conductivity,freezing point and saturated vapor pressure) in a lake scheme integrated in the Weather Research and Forecast...In this paper,we introduced parameterizations of the salinity effects(on heat capacity,thermal conductivity,freezing point and saturated vapor pressure) in a lake scheme integrated in the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with the Community Land Model(WRF-CLM). This was done to improve temperature simulation over and in a saline lake and to test the contributions of salinity effects on various water properties via sensitivity experiments. The modified lake scheme consists of the lake module in the CLM model,which is the land component of the WRF-CLM model. The Great Salt Lake(GSL) in the USA was selected as the study area. The simulation was performed from September 3,2001 to September 30,2002. Our results show that the modif ied WRF-CLM model that includes the lake scheme considering salinity effects can reasonably simulate temperature over and in the GSL. This model had much greater accuracy than neglecting salinity effects,particularly in a very cold event when that effect alters the freezing point. The salinity effect on saturated vapor pressure can reduce latent heat flux over the lake and make it slightly warmer. The salinity effect on heat capacity can also make lake temperature prone to changes. However,the salinity effect on thermal conductivity was found insignificant in our simulations.展开更多
Zooplankton and 14 abiotic variables were studied during August 2011 at 10 stations in Lake Qarun,Egypt.Stations with the lowest salinity and highest nutrient concentrations and turbidity were close to the discharge o...Zooplankton and 14 abiotic variables were studied during August 2011 at 10 stations in Lake Qarun,Egypt.Stations with the lowest salinity and highest nutrient concentrations and turbidity were close to the discharge of waters from the El-Bats and El-Wadi drainage systems.A total of 15 holozooplankton species were identified.The salinity in Lake Qarun increased and fluctuated since 1901:12 g/L in 1901;8.5 g/L in 1905;12.0 g/L in 1922;30.0 g/L in 1985;38.7 g/L in 1994;35.3 g/L in 2006,and 33.4 g/L in 2011.The mean concentration of nutrients(nitrate,nitrite and orthophosphate) gradually increased from 35,0.16 and 0.38 ? g/L,respectively,in 1953–1955 to 113,16.4,and 30.26 ? g/L in 2011.From 1999–2003 some decrease of species diversity occurred.Average total zooplankton density was 30 000 ind./m 3 in 1974–1977;356 125 ind./m 3 in 1989;534 000 ind./m 3 in 1994–1995;from 965 000 to 1 452 000 ind./m 3 in 2006,and 595 000 ind./m 3 in 2011.A range of long-term summer salinity variability during the last decades was very similar to a range of salinity spatial variability in summer 2011.There is no significant correlation between zooplankton abundance and salinity in spatial and long-term changes.We conclude that salinity fluctuations since at least 1955 did not directly drive the changes of composition and abundance of zooplankton in the lake.A marine community had formed in the lake,and it continues to change.One of the main drivers of this change is a regular introduction and a pressure of alien species on the existent community.Eutrophication also plays an important role.The introduction of Mnemiopsis leidyi,first reported in 2014,may lead to a start of a new stage of the biotic changes in Lake Qarun,when eutrophication and the population dynamics of this ctenophore will be main drivers of the ecosystem change.展开更多
Brackish and saline lakes are common in the arid zones of the Earth.They are unique ecosystems with extremely high p H values and high mineralization levels(up to saturating concentrations).These lakes are inhabited
All the lakes are accumulative systems for the various chemical elements.However,the ratios of the elements in different lake types are very different.It is generally accepted that the composition of lake water determ...All the lakes are accumulative systems for the various chemical elements.However,the ratios of the elements in different lake types are very different.It is generally accepted that the composition of lake water determined展开更多
As the resource treasury of desert biodiversity, thewetland of Betula halophila has fragile ecologic systemand low stability, which causes the sudden reduction ofwetland area. The Alahake Saline Lake is known for anen...As the resource treasury of desert biodiversity, thewetland of Betula halophila has fragile ecologic systemand low stability, which causes the sudden reduction ofwetland area. The Alahake Saline Lake is known for anendangered species, Betula halophila. However,palaeoecology changes of the Alahake Saline Lake havebeen little documented.展开更多
1 Introduction There is now ample evidence of the impacts of the recent climate change and anthropogenic activities on different saline lake ecosystems.All over the world salt lakes are threatened by climate change,wa...1 Introduction There is now ample evidence of the impacts of the recent climate change and anthropogenic activities on different saline lake ecosystems.All over the world salt lakes are threatened by climate change,water diversions upstream for agricultural purposes,watershed changes,introduction of aliens,etc.that result in展开更多
Ecological research has been made for quite a long period in some marine-derived saline lakes in the Vest-fold Hills, Antarctica. The results show distinct succession of zooplankton community in those lakes. The chang...Ecological research has been made for quite a long period in some marine-derived saline lakes in the Vest-fold Hills, Antarctica. The results show distinct succession of zooplankton community in those lakes. The change in community structure of zooplankton is related directly to environmental evolution in nature and the variation of lake conditions, such as physical and chemical factors as well. In the Burton Lake, there is a rather stable annual fluctuation in both temperature and salinity, and the community has probably been in the stage of climax succession. The Fletcher Lake is still undergoing a process by unregular tide flood from nearby bay, so that zooplankton community has been changing due to variance in temperature and salinity.展开更多
基金Supported by the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(No.CIFMS 2021-I 2 M-1-028)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.7222256)+5 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82011530051)the Kunlun Talented People,High-end Innovation and Entrepreneurship talents Plan,Qinghai Province,China,for Chenghang SUN,the Talent Training Project of Basic Research Fund of Heilongjiang Department of Education Item to Chunmei XUE(No.2020-KYYWF-0238)the Sino-Hungarian Bilateral S&T Cooperation Projects from 2019 to 2020(Chinese Project:8-11)partly supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research(Nos.NCFS-RFBR 20-54-53014,18-44-030021 r_а)the Russian Science Foundation(No.20-74-10031)partially within the framework of the State Assignment(No.121030100229-1)for Institute of General and Experimental Biology,Siberian Branch,Russian Academy of Sciences。
文摘To explore pharmaceutical actinobacteria from salty environments in Siberia,8 soil samples were collected from different depths of Gudzhirganskoe saline lake,the Republic of Buryatia,Russia.Totally,635 actinobacterial strains affiliated with 21 genera in 12 families of 7 orders were obtained by culture-dependent approaches.The predominant genus was Streptomyces(74.5%),followed by Microbacterium(4.9%),Agromyces(3.5%),Nocardiopsis(3.0%),and Kitasatospora(2.5%).Seven strains showed relatively low 16 S rRNA similarities(<98.65%)with validly described species.Seventy-seven strains were selected as representatives to evaluate their antimicrobial activities and underlying mechanisms by paper-disk diffusion method and a double fluorescent protein reporter system(pDualrep 2),respectively.Streptomyces sp.S 6 b 3-1 was highlighted due to its strong inhibitory activities against Gram-positive bacteria and underlying antibacterial mechanism by inducing the SOS response in the reporter system.LG-1,(R)-6-[1-(benzoyloxy)ethyl]-phenazine-1-carboxylic acid,an analogue of saphenamycin was finally isolated from the culture broth of Streptomyces strain.This study preliminarily explored the actinobacterial diversity of soil samples collected in the highly alkaline and saline lake Gudzhirganskoe by culture-dependent approach and their capacity to produce antibiotics for the first time,which revealed that it deserves to make more efforts to discover new actinobacterial species and potential new antibiotics from the saline lake in Eastern Siberia.
基金Supported by the PetroChina Science and Technology Project (2021DJ0402,2021DJ0202)。
文摘Based on the data of field outcrops,drilling cores,casting thin sections,well logging interpretation,oil/gas shows during drilling,and oil/gas testing results,and combined with modern salt-lake sediments in the Qinghai Lake,the Neogene saline lake beach-bars in southwestern Qaidam Basin are studied from the perspective of sedimentary characteristics,development patterns,sand control factors,and hydrocarbon accumulation characteristics.Beach-bar sand bodies are widely developed in the Neogene saline lake basin,and they are lithologically fine sandstone and siltstone,with wavy bedding,low-angle cross bedding,and lenticular-vein bedding.In view of spatial-temporal distribution,the beach-bar sand bodies are stacked in multiple stages vertically,migratory laterally,and extensive and continuous in NW-SE trending pattern in the plane.The stacking area of the Neogene beach-bar sandstone is predicted to be 3000 km^(2).The water salinity affects the sedimentation rate and offshore distance of beach-bar sandstone,and the debris input from the source area affects the scale and enrichment of beach-bar sandstone.The ancient landform controls the morphology and stacking style of beach-bar sandstone,and the northwest monsoon driving effect controls the long-axis extension direction of beach-bar sandstone.The beach-bars have a reservoir-forming feature of“one reservoir in one sand body”,with thick beach-bar sand bodies controlling the effective reservoir distribution and oil-source faults controlling the oil/gas migration and accumulation direction.Three favorable exploration target zones in Zhahaquan,Yingdong-eastern Wunan and Huatugou areas are proposed based on the analysis of reservoir-forming elements.
文摘In this paper the authors classify saline lake sediments into the cold, warm and eurythermal phases, reveal the consistency between the zoning of hydrochemical types of modern saline lake water and climatic zoning and give climatic parameters under the conditions of typical cold phase (mirabilite and natron), warm phase (thenar-dite) and slightly warm phase (bloedite) saline lake deposition.
基金sponsored by China Academy of Engineering Major Consulting Project (No: 2012-ZD-14)
文摘Qaidam basin is an important part of National Key Development Area–Lanzhou-Xining Area,is a key region of resource development in Western Development,is a National Circular Economy Pilot Zone.The focus
文摘1 Introduction A presence of resting stages in various aquatic organisms is a long-known phenomenon as a mechanism of species adaptation to exist in unstable aquatic habitats,surviving adverse conditions in the'sleeping'state(Radzikowski,2013).Bank of resting stages of planktonic organisms is an important component of the plankton community,without which we cannot understand community dynamics(Brendonck and De Meester,2003).
基金Supported by the Russian Academy of Sciences for the A.O.Kovalevsky Institute of Marine Biological Research of RAS
文摘A considerable part of the world's population is currently experiencing a severe scarcity of freshwater and nutrition. Inland aquaculture has the fastest growth in fresh waters, and this contributes to the eutrophication of freshwater bodies. The increase in freshwater aquaculture impacts on the increasing demand for fresh water. A way to overcome this is to develop aquaculture in saline lakes. This article discusses how saline and hypersaline lakes may contribute to overcome this problem and gives a list of fish and shrimp species that can be cultivated in saline lakes. Successful development of aquaculture depends on a healthy cultured stock of commercial fish and shrimps. A sustainable healthy stock of fish and shrimps can be only maintained using live food for the cultured fish larvae, fry and fingerlings. As well as Artemia spp. there are many other crustacean species with the potential for growing in hypersaline waters. At least 26 copepod species around the world can live at a salinity above 100 g/L with 12 species at a salinity higher than 200 g/L, and these all have excellent nutritional value. There is a high potential to use eukaryotic organisms of diff erent taxa in saline/hypersaline aquaculture for food, agri-aquaculture, diff erent industries and as food supplements.
基金Supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research(Nos.17-05-00404,16-05-00132,16-34-00346)
文摘The Baraba and Kulunda steppes are located in southwestern Siberia in an area with an arid continental climate. This paper presents results of the first study of the hypersaline Lake Krasnovishnevoye(Baraba steppe, TDS(total dissolved solids)=297 g/L, pH 7.88). The major chemical, mineralogical and biological features of the lake were studied and compared to those of Lake Malinovoe, a typical saline neutral lake of Kulunda steppe(TDS=396 g/L, pH 7.63). The phytoplankton composition and the culturable diversity of anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria from Lake Krasnovishnevoye correspond to the ones in the Kulunda lakes. Nevertheless, the peculiarities of water composition and regime of Lake Krasnovishnevoye reduce the biodiversity to prokaryotes and unicellular algae.
基金SB RAS Interdisciplinary Integration Projects 38 and 110RFBR Research Project 13-05-00556the Tomsk State University Program to improve competitiveness
文摘1 Introduction Increasing demand for uranium raw materials for the nuclear industry has stimulated interest in non-traditional sources,including hydromineral ones[Qin,2009].Those are saline lakes located in the uranium ore districts.Accumulation of uranium in such lakes results from the leaching of uranium from the rocks by surface and
文摘Introduction Through the study of environmental change indicators:landform,strata sedimentary characteristics,mineralogy characteristics and Grain-size,magnetic susceptibility analysis for 3101 cm height profile of Dogai Coring salt lake shore in the northern of Tibet plateau,the conclusion is roughly obtained about six major climate change process:
文摘Our sustainable environmental management must be based on adequate ecological concepts. The question arises: what concept is better to use for understanding and management of ecosystems? To look for an answer, we concentrate our attention on saline lakes. Every ecosystem has several alternative stable states and may demonstrate regime shifts, which are large, abrupt, persistent changes in the structure and function of a system. To understand the dynamics of ecosystems the Concept of Multiplicity of Ecosystem Alternative Stable States as a new ecological paradigm has been developed recently. The author analyzes the emerging paradigm using the case of saline lakes, and discusses how to base our adaptive environmental management on the developing paradigm. Different issues of development of the concept and its application to salinology as a scientific basis of an integrated management of a saline lake and its watershed are discussed. The concept may serve as one of the key theoretical elements of the scientific basis in sustainable environmental management.
基金supported by the NationalNatural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.41701012)the project "ComprehensiveScientific Investigation of Natural and CulturalHeritage in the Lop Nur Region" (Grant No.2014FY210500)
文摘Saline lakes are useful repositories for paleo-climatic records. In recent years, magnetic properties of saline lake sediments have been widely applied to establish paleo-climatic change. However,the influence factors of magnetic properties in saline lakes have not been fully understood, which complicates the paleoenvironmental interpretation.Here, we present a rock magnetic analyses result of LOP_1 profile(40°26′09″′N, 90°21′23″E) from Lop Nur, a well-known saline lake, located in the eastern Tarim Basin in northwestern China. We combined the particle size, total organic content, and mineral characteristics analysis to assess the influence factors of magnetic properties in Lop Nur and its environmental significance. The results indicate that early diagenesis is the major influence factor on magnetic properties of Lop Nur saline sediments.Authigenic greigite and pyrite are identified within organic-rich sediments, which produce zones with high and low magnetic susceptibilities, respectively.The different authigenic iron sulfide contents in different layers are related to sedimentary environment changes. Sufficient supplies of organic matter and sulphate and low sedimentation rates favour the pyritization process. Moreover, if pyritization was constrained, intermediate greigite formed and was preserved. In oxidizing environments, sediment magnetic properties are consistent with those of source materials from Tarim Basin and are mainly controlled by particle size and hydrodynamic sorting of mainly detrital magnetite is largely unaffected by early diagenesis. Our study demonstrates that magnetic properties can provide a robust approach for studying depositional environment change in saline lake. In addition, the information obtained in this study would also provide insights into the geochemical processes of iron element in saline lakes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41002123 & 41030211)the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2011CB808800)+1 种基金State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (No. GBL11201)the Fundamental Research Funds for National University, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan)
文摘1 Introduction Viruses are the most abundant biological entities on Earth.They can influence the succession of individual microbial populations,biogeochemical cycles of C/N and,ultimately,microbial community structure through
基金This research was jointly funded by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2017YFB0502700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41771402,41804009,42071410)+1 种基金the Scientific R&D Plan of China Railway Corporation(No.JXKT-1801-2-2-7,P2018G004)the Sichuan Science and Technology Support Project(No.2018JY0664,20YYJC4292,2020YJ0322)。
文摘The instability of saline soil foundation affects the safety of artificial construction,and may cause ground collapse,building destruction and road damage.It is fundamental to reduce the potential engineering geological disasters by exploring the dynamic evolution of saline soil.Most of the previous researches of saline soil were conducted by simulated experiments and traditional geodetic surveying methods.Restricted to the limited sampling points,the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of saline soil were difficult to find out in a large scale.This paper exploited SBAS-InSAR method to extract the deformation of the Qarhan Salt Lake(in Qinghai,China)section along Qinghai-Tibet railway,based on 119 image data acquired by Sentinel-1A from 2015 to 2020.The results showed that the deformation trends varied frequently in this saline mud flat.Between the adjacent areas with different deformation trends along Qinghai-Tibet railway,discontinuities caused by uplift and subsidence were very obvious.Besides,among the areas with brine exploitation or artificial construction,the maximum subsidence rate reached50 mm/yr,and the maximum cumulative subsidence exceeded 320 mm in the latest 5 years.In the saline mud flat closed to the rivers and lakes,the deformation trend was continuous uplift.Nevertheless,there were obvious seasonal deformation characteristics in those areas far away from the water body.Further analysis found out a sharply subsidence caused by the salt collapsibility appeared in rainy seasons.While an uplift trend induced by the salt swelling or frost heave was remarkable in dry seasons.Subsequently,the relationships were analyzed between the time series deformation and external environmental fac-tors.Furthermore,the deformation mechanism of saline soilin the Qarhan Salt Lake region was inter-preted then.In general,this study provides complete spatiotemporal evolution information of saline soil,and demonstrates the deformation characteristics of saline soil in the Qarhan Salt Lake region suc-cessfully.Related results would contribute to the safety monitoring for large-scale infrastructure con-struction in the saline soil areas.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41130961)the Strategic Priority Research Program(B)of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB03030300)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41475011,41275014)Visiting Scholars Program of the Public School Study Abroad Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2008-No.136)
文摘In this paper,we introduced parameterizations of the salinity effects(on heat capacity,thermal conductivity,freezing point and saturated vapor pressure) in a lake scheme integrated in the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with the Community Land Model(WRF-CLM). This was done to improve temperature simulation over and in a saline lake and to test the contributions of salinity effects on various water properties via sensitivity experiments. The modified lake scheme consists of the lake module in the CLM model,which is the land component of the WRF-CLM model. The Great Salt Lake(GSL) in the USA was selected as the study area. The simulation was performed from September 3,2001 to September 30,2002. Our results show that the modif ied WRF-CLM model that includes the lake scheme considering salinity effects can reasonably simulate temperature over and in the GSL. This model had much greater accuracy than neglecting salinity effects,particularly in a very cold event when that effect alters the freezing point. The salinity effect on saturated vapor pressure can reduce latent heat flux over the lake and make it slightly warmer. The salinity effect on heat capacity can also make lake temperature prone to changes. However,the salinity effect on thermal conductivity was found insignificant in our simulations.
文摘Zooplankton and 14 abiotic variables were studied during August 2011 at 10 stations in Lake Qarun,Egypt.Stations with the lowest salinity and highest nutrient concentrations and turbidity were close to the discharge of waters from the El-Bats and El-Wadi drainage systems.A total of 15 holozooplankton species were identified.The salinity in Lake Qarun increased and fluctuated since 1901:12 g/L in 1901;8.5 g/L in 1905;12.0 g/L in 1922;30.0 g/L in 1985;38.7 g/L in 1994;35.3 g/L in 2006,and 33.4 g/L in 2011.The mean concentration of nutrients(nitrate,nitrite and orthophosphate) gradually increased from 35,0.16 and 0.38 ? g/L,respectively,in 1953–1955 to 113,16.4,and 30.26 ? g/L in 2011.From 1999–2003 some decrease of species diversity occurred.Average total zooplankton density was 30 000 ind./m 3 in 1974–1977;356 125 ind./m 3 in 1989;534 000 ind./m 3 in 1994–1995;from 965 000 to 1 452 000 ind./m 3 in 2006,and 595 000 ind./m 3 in 2011.A range of long-term summer salinity variability during the last decades was very similar to a range of salinity spatial variability in summer 2011.There is no significant correlation between zooplankton abundance and salinity in spatial and long-term changes.We conclude that salinity fluctuations since at least 1955 did not directly drive the changes of composition and abundance of zooplankton in the lake.A marine community had formed in the lake,and it continues to change.One of the main drivers of this change is a regular introduction and a pressure of alien species on the existent community.Eutrophication also plays an important role.The introduction of Mnemiopsis leidyi,first reported in 2014,may lead to a start of a new stage of the biotic changes in Lake Qarun,when eutrophication and the population dynamics of this ctenophore will be main drivers of the ecosystem change.
基金supported by Integration projects of the Presidium of RAS№5,56,94
文摘Brackish and saline lakes are common in the arid zones of the Earth.They are unique ecosystems with extremely high p H values and high mineralization levels(up to saturating concentrations).These lakes are inhabited
基金supported by the SB RAS (Interdisciplinary Integration project nos. 38, 110)the project of RFBR No 13-05-00556program to improve the competitiveness of Tomsk State University
文摘All the lakes are accumulative systems for the various chemical elements.However,the ratios of the elements in different lake types are very different.It is generally accepted that the composition of lake water determined
基金jointly funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC Grant No. 41572331 and 41272386)
文摘As the resource treasury of desert biodiversity, thewetland of Betula halophila has fragile ecologic systemand low stability, which causes the sudden reduction ofwetland area. The Alahake Saline Lake is known for anendangered species, Betula halophila. However,palaeoecology changes of the Alahake Saline Lake havebeen little documented.
文摘1 Introduction There is now ample evidence of the impacts of the recent climate change and anthropogenic activities on different saline lake ecosystems.All over the world salt lakes are threatened by climate change,water diversions upstream for agricultural purposes,watershed changes,introduction of aliens,etc.that result in
文摘Ecological research has been made for quite a long period in some marine-derived saline lakes in the Vest-fold Hills, Antarctica. The results show distinct succession of zooplankton community in those lakes. The change in community structure of zooplankton is related directly to environmental evolution in nature and the variation of lake conditions, such as physical and chemical factors as well. In the Burton Lake, there is a rather stable annual fluctuation in both temperature and salinity, and the community has probably been in the stage of climax succession. The Fletcher Lake is still undergoing a process by unregular tide flood from nearby bay, so that zooplankton community has been changing due to variance in temperature and salinity.
