Solar system design for green hydrogen production has become the most prominent renewable energy research area, and this has also actively fueled the desire to achieve net-zero emissions. Hydrogen is a promising energ...Solar system design for green hydrogen production has become the most prominent renewable energy research area, and this has also actively fueled the desire to achieve net-zero emissions. Hydrogen is a promising energy carrier because it possesses more energy capacity than fossil fuels and the abundant nature of renewable energy systems can be utilized for green hydrogen production. However, the design of an optimized electrical energy system required for hydrogen production is crucial. Solar energy is indeed beneficial for green hydrogen production and this research designed, discussed, and provided high-level research on HOMER design for green hydrogen production and deployed the energy requirement with ASPEN Plus to optimize the energy system, while also incorporating fuzzy logic and PID control approaches. In addition, a promising technology with a high potential for renewable hydrogen energy is the proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzer. Since its cathode (hydrogen electrode) may be operated over a wide range of pressure, a control process must be added to the system in order for it to work dynamically efficiently. This system can be characterized as an analogous circuit that consists of a resistor, capacitor, and reversible voltage. As a result, this research work also explores the Fuzzy-PID control of the PEM electrolysis system. Both the PID and Fuzzy Logic control systems were simulated using the control simulation program Matlab R2018a, which makes use of Matlab script files and the Simulink environment. Based on the circuit diagram, a transfer function that represents the mathematical model of the plant was created, and the PEM electrolysis control system is determined to be highly significant and applicable to the two control systems. The PI controller, however, has a 30.8% overshoot deficit, but when the fuzzy control system is compared to the PID controller, it is found that the fuzzy control system achieves stability more quickly, demonstrating its benefit over PID.展开更多
As an energy storage medium,hydrogen has drawn the attention of research institutions and industry over the past decade,motivated in part by developments in renewable energy,which have led to unused surplus wind and p...As an energy storage medium,hydrogen has drawn the attention of research institutions and industry over the past decade,motivated in part by developments in renewable energy,which have led to unused surplus wind and photovoltaic power.Hydrogen production from water electrolysis is a good option to make full use of the surplus renewable energy.Among various technologies for producing hydrogen,water electrolysis using electricity from renewable power sources shows greatpromise.To investigate the prospects of water electrolysis for hydrogen production,this review compares different water electrolysis processes,i.e.,alkaline water electrolysis,proton exchange membrane water electrolysis,solid oxide water electrolysis,and alkaline anion exchange membrane water electrolysis.The ion transfer mechanisms,operating characteristics,energy consumption,and industrial products of different water electrolysis apparatus are introduced in this review.Prospects for new water electrolysis technologies are discussed.展开更多
Green hydrogen from electrolysis of water has attracted widespread attention as a renewable power source.Among several hydrogen production methods,it has become the most promising technology.However,there is no large-...Green hydrogen from electrolysis of water has attracted widespread attention as a renewable power source.Among several hydrogen production methods,it has become the most promising technology.However,there is no large-scale renewable hydrogen production system currently that can compete with conventional fossil fuel hydrogen production.Renewable energy electrocatalytic water splitting is an ideal production technology with environmental cleanliness protection and good hydrogen purity,which meet the requirements of future development.This review summarizes and introduces the current status of hydrogen production by water splitting from three aspects:electricity,catalyst and electrolyte.In particular,the present situation and the latest progress of the key sources of power,catalytic materials and electrolyzers for electrocatalytic water splitting are introduced.Finally,the problems of hydrogen generation from electrolytic water splitting and directions of next-generation green hydrogen in the future are discussed and outlooked.It is expected that this review will have an important impact on the field of hydrogen production from water.展开更多
The global warming issues associated with fossil fuels have forced the world to shift towards environment-friendly alternatives. The studies on the capture and storage of CO<sub>2</sub> have gained signifi...The global warming issues associated with fossil fuels have forced the world to shift towards environment-friendly alternatives. The studies on the capture and storage of CO<sub>2</sub> have gained significant research attention, and to attract the world towards CO<sub>2</sub> capturing and storing, it is necessary to find suitable applications for this captured CO<sub>2</sub>. Methanol is one of the products which can be produced by utilizing the captured CO<sub>2</sub> and hydrogen that can be produced by water splitting. Keeping in view both these green fuel production processes, this study proposes a combined application of both these technologies for the production of methanol, which is an important chemical used in manufacturing industries. This review paper presents a brief study of both carbon capture and hydrogen production technologies. It also provides research trends, economic aspects, and methods of incorporating both these technologies to produce methanol. Additionally, the prospects of the approach in Oman have also been presented.展开更多
As a secondary energy with great commercialization potential,hydrogen energy has been widely studied due to the high calorific value,clean combustion products and various reduction methods.At present,the blueprint of ...As a secondary energy with great commercialization potential,hydrogen energy has been widely studied due to the high calorific value,clean combustion products and various reduction methods.At present,the blueprint of hydrogen energy economy in the world is gradually taking shape.Compared with the traditional high-energy consuming methane steam reforming hydrogen production method,the electrocatalytic water splitting hydrogen production stands out among other process of hydrogen production owning to the mild reaction conditions,high-purity hydrogen generation and sustainable production process.Basing on current technical economy situation,the highly electric power cost limits the further promotion of electrocatalytic water splitting hydrogen production process.Consequently,the rational design and development of low overpotential and high stability electrocatalytic water splitting catalysts are critical toward the realization of low-cost hydrogen production technology.In this review,we summarize the existing hydrogen production methods,elaborate the reaction mechanism of the electrocatalytic water splitting reaction under acidic and alkaline conditions and the recent progress of the respective catalysts for the two half-reactions.The structure-activity relationship of the catalyst was deep-going discussed,together with the prospects of electrocatalytic water splitting and the current challenges,aiming at provide insights for electrocatalytic water splitting catalyst development and its industrial applications.展开更多
This study presents an overview of the current status of hydrogen production in relation to the global requirement for energy and resources.Subsequently,it symmetrically outlines the advantages and disadvantages of va...This study presents an overview of the current status of hydrogen production in relation to the global requirement for energy and resources.Subsequently,it symmetrically outlines the advantages and disadvantages of various production routes including fossil fuel/biomass conversion,water electrolysis,microbial fermentation,and photocatalysis(PC),in terms of their technologies,economy,energy consumption,and costs.Considering the characteristics of hydrogen energy and the current infrastructure issues,it highlights that onsite production is indispensable and convenient for some special occasions.Finally,it briefly summarizes the current industrialization situation and presents future development and research directions,such as theoretical research strengthening,renewable raw material development,process coupling,and sustainable energy use.展开更多
By considering an electrolyte solution in motion in a duct under a transverse magnetic field, we notice that a so called Faraday voltage arises because of the Lorentz force acting on anions and cations in the fluid. W...By considering an electrolyte solution in motion in a duct under a transverse magnetic field, we notice that a so called Faraday voltage arises because of the Lorentz force acting on anions and cations in the fluid. When salt water is considered, hydrogen production takes place at one of the electrodes if an electric current, generated by Faraday voltage, flows in an external circuit. The maximum amount of hydrogen production rate is calculated by basic electrochemical concepts.展开更多
Hydrogen is a type of clean energy which has the potential to replace the fossil energy for transportation,domestic and industrial applications.To expand the hydrogen production method and reduce the consumption of fo...Hydrogen is a type of clean energy which has the potential to replace the fossil energy for transportation,domestic and industrial applications.To expand the hydrogen production method and reduce the consumption of fossil energy,technologies of using renewable energy to generate hydrogen have been developed widely.Due to the advantages of widespread distribution and various hydrogen production methods,most of the research or review works focus on the solar and biomass energy hydrogen production systems.To achieve a comprehensive acknowledge on the development state of current renewable energy hydrogen production technology,a review on hydrogen production systems driven by solar,wind,biomass,geothermal,ocean and hydropower energy has been presented.The reaction process,energy efficiency,exergy efficiency,hydrogen production rate,economic and environmental performance of these systems have been evaluated.Based on the analysis of these different systems,the challenge and prospects of them are also analyzed.展开更多
文摘Solar system design for green hydrogen production has become the most prominent renewable energy research area, and this has also actively fueled the desire to achieve net-zero emissions. Hydrogen is a promising energy carrier because it possesses more energy capacity than fossil fuels and the abundant nature of renewable energy systems can be utilized for green hydrogen production. However, the design of an optimized electrical energy system required for hydrogen production is crucial. Solar energy is indeed beneficial for green hydrogen production and this research designed, discussed, and provided high-level research on HOMER design for green hydrogen production and deployed the energy requirement with ASPEN Plus to optimize the energy system, while also incorporating fuzzy logic and PID control approaches. In addition, a promising technology with a high potential for renewable hydrogen energy is the proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzer. Since its cathode (hydrogen electrode) may be operated over a wide range of pressure, a control process must be added to the system in order for it to work dynamically efficiently. This system can be characterized as an analogous circuit that consists of a resistor, capacitor, and reversible voltage. As a result, this research work also explores the Fuzzy-PID control of the PEM electrolysis system. Both the PID and Fuzzy Logic control systems were simulated using the control simulation program Matlab R2018a, which makes use of Matlab script files and the Simulink environment. Based on the circuit diagram, a transfer function that represents the mathematical model of the plant was created, and the PEM electrolysis control system is determined to be highly significant and applicable to the two control systems. The PI controller, however, has a 30.8% overshoot deficit, but when the fuzzy control system is compared to the PID controller, it is found that the fuzzy control system achieves stability more quickly, demonstrating its benefit over PID.
基金supported by the Joint Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1664259)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (91434106)+1 种基金 the State Grid Fund (SGTYHT/15-JS-193)the Beijing municipal science and technology commission project (Z171100002017024)~~
文摘As an energy storage medium,hydrogen has drawn the attention of research institutions and industry over the past decade,motivated in part by developments in renewable energy,which have led to unused surplus wind and photovoltaic power.Hydrogen production from water electrolysis is a good option to make full use of the surplus renewable energy.Among various technologies for producing hydrogen,water electrolysis using electricity from renewable power sources shows greatpromise.To investigate the prospects of water electrolysis for hydrogen production,this review compares different water electrolysis processes,i.e.,alkaline water electrolysis,proton exchange membrane water electrolysis,solid oxide water electrolysis,and alkaline anion exchange membrane water electrolysis.The ion transfer mechanisms,operating characteristics,energy consumption,and industrial products of different water electrolysis apparatus are introduced in this review.Prospects for new water electrolysis technologies are discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A20573,U23A20140,22109038)the Starting Research Funds of Hebei University of Science and Technology,Hebei Natural Science Foundation(D2022208001)+1 种基金the S&T Program of Hebei(23314401D)Hebei Pharmaceutical and Chemical Technology Innovation Center(225676121H).
文摘Green hydrogen from electrolysis of water has attracted widespread attention as a renewable power source.Among several hydrogen production methods,it has become the most promising technology.However,there is no large-scale renewable hydrogen production system currently that can compete with conventional fossil fuel hydrogen production.Renewable energy electrocatalytic water splitting is an ideal production technology with environmental cleanliness protection and good hydrogen purity,which meet the requirements of future development.This review summarizes and introduces the current status of hydrogen production by water splitting from three aspects:electricity,catalyst and electrolyte.In particular,the present situation and the latest progress of the key sources of power,catalytic materials and electrolyzers for electrocatalytic water splitting are introduced.Finally,the problems of hydrogen generation from electrolytic water splitting and directions of next-generation green hydrogen in the future are discussed and outlooked.It is expected that this review will have an important impact on the field of hydrogen production from water.
文摘The global warming issues associated with fossil fuels have forced the world to shift towards environment-friendly alternatives. The studies on the capture and storage of CO<sub>2</sub> have gained significant research attention, and to attract the world towards CO<sub>2</sub> capturing and storing, it is necessary to find suitable applications for this captured CO<sub>2</sub>. Methanol is one of the products which can be produced by utilizing the captured CO<sub>2</sub> and hydrogen that can be produced by water splitting. Keeping in view both these green fuel production processes, this study proposes a combined application of both these technologies for the production of methanol, which is an important chemical used in manufacturing industries. This review paper presents a brief study of both carbon capture and hydrogen production technologies. It also provides research trends, economic aspects, and methods of incorporating both these technologies to produce methanol. Additionally, the prospects of the approach in Oman have also been presented.
基金financial support from the National Nature Science Foundation of China(22122113)National Key Research&Development Program of China(2021YFB4000405)。
文摘As a secondary energy with great commercialization potential,hydrogen energy has been widely studied due to the high calorific value,clean combustion products and various reduction methods.At present,the blueprint of hydrogen energy economy in the world is gradually taking shape.Compared with the traditional high-energy consuming methane steam reforming hydrogen production method,the electrocatalytic water splitting hydrogen production stands out among other process of hydrogen production owning to the mild reaction conditions,high-purity hydrogen generation and sustainable production process.Basing on current technical economy situation,the highly electric power cost limits the further promotion of electrocatalytic water splitting hydrogen production process.Consequently,the rational design and development of low overpotential and high stability electrocatalytic water splitting catalysts are critical toward the realization of low-cost hydrogen production technology.In this review,we summarize the existing hydrogen production methods,elaborate the reaction mechanism of the electrocatalytic water splitting reaction under acidic and alkaline conditions and the recent progress of the respective catalysts for the two half-reactions.The structure-activity relationship of the catalyst was deep-going discussed,together with the prospects of electrocatalytic water splitting and the current challenges,aiming at provide insights for electrocatalytic water splitting catalyst development and its industrial applications.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.20906063the Liaoning BaiQianWan Talents Program under Grant No.2018921046+1 种基金the Scientific Research Project of Liaoning Provincial Department of Education under Grant No.LJGD2020002the Shenyang Youth Science and Technology Project under Grant No.RC200325.
文摘This study presents an overview of the current status of hydrogen production in relation to the global requirement for energy and resources.Subsequently,it symmetrically outlines the advantages and disadvantages of various production routes including fossil fuel/biomass conversion,water electrolysis,microbial fermentation,and photocatalysis(PC),in terms of their technologies,economy,energy consumption,and costs.Considering the characteristics of hydrogen energy and the current infrastructure issues,it highlights that onsite production is indispensable and convenient for some special occasions.Finally,it briefly summarizes the current industrialization situation and presents future development and research directions,such as theoretical research strengthening,renewable raw material development,process coupling,and sustainable energy use.
文摘By considering an electrolyte solution in motion in a duct under a transverse magnetic field, we notice that a so called Faraday voltage arises because of the Lorentz force acting on anions and cations in the fluid. When salt water is considered, hydrogen production takes place at one of the electrodes if an electric current, generated by Faraday voltage, flows in an external circuit. The maximum amount of hydrogen production rate is calculated by basic electrochemical concepts.
基金sponsored by National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2020YFE0200300)Applied Basic Research Project of Sichuan Province(Project No.2017JY0253)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Project No.2682020CX28 and 2682020CX36)。
文摘Hydrogen is a type of clean energy which has the potential to replace the fossil energy for transportation,domestic and industrial applications.To expand the hydrogen production method and reduce the consumption of fossil energy,technologies of using renewable energy to generate hydrogen have been developed widely.Due to the advantages of widespread distribution and various hydrogen production methods,most of the research or review works focus on the solar and biomass energy hydrogen production systems.To achieve a comprehensive acknowledge on the development state of current renewable energy hydrogen production technology,a review on hydrogen production systems driven by solar,wind,biomass,geothermal,ocean and hydropower energy has been presented.The reaction process,energy efficiency,exergy efficiency,hydrogen production rate,economic and environmental performance of these systems have been evaluated.Based on the analysis of these different systems,the challenge and prospects of them are also analyzed.
