The effect of solidification cooling rate on the size and distribution of inclusions in 12%Cr stainless steel was investigated. A wide range of solidification cooling rates（from 0.05 to 106 K·s^-1） was achieved...The effect of solidification cooling rate on the size and distribution of inclusions in 12%Cr stainless steel was investigated. A wide range of solidification cooling rates（from 0.05 to 106 K·s^-1） was achieved using various solidification processes, including conventional casting, laser remelting, and melt spinning. The size and distribution of inclusions in the steel were observed and statistically collected. For comparison, mathematical models were used to calculate the sizes of inclusions at different solidification cooling rates. Both the statistical size determined from observations and that predicted from calculations tended to decrease with increasing cooling rate; however, the experimental and calculated results did not agree well with each other at excessively high or low cooling rate. The reasons for this discrepancy were theoretically analyzed. For the size distribution of inclusions, the effect of cooling rate on the number densities of large-sized（〉 2 μm） inclusions and small-sized（≤ 2 μm） inclusions were distinct. The number density of inclusions larger than 1 μm was not affected when the cooing rate was less than or equal to 6 K·s^-1 because inclusion precipitation was suppressed by the increased cooling rate.展开更多
Naproxen–β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex was prepared by the freeze-drying method and analyzed by IR,UV spectroscopy,X-ray diffractometry and differential scanning calorimetry.Phase solubility,dissolution and inclu...Naproxen–β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex was prepared by the freeze-drying method and analyzed by IR,UV spectroscopy,X-ray diffractometry and differential scanning calorimetry.Phase solubility,dissolution and inclusion rate of the complex were determined.The phase solubility diagram was of the AL type,which revealed that the molar ratio of naproxen toβ-cyclodextrin was 1:1.The solubility of naproxen significantly increased with increasingβ-cyclodextrin concentration.The apparent stability constant,Kc,was calculated from the slope and intercept of the AL solubility diagram as 2376/M.The total released amount and released time of naproxen from the inclusion complex were better than that of the intact naproxen.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2011CB012900)
文摘The effect of solidification cooling rate on the size and distribution of inclusions in 12%Cr stainless steel was investigated. A wide range of solidification cooling rates（from 0.05 to 106 K·s^-1） was achieved using various solidification processes, including conventional casting, laser remelting, and melt spinning. The size and distribution of inclusions in the steel were observed and statistically collected. For comparison, mathematical models were used to calculate the sizes of inclusions at different solidification cooling rates. Both the statistical size determined from observations and that predicted from calculations tended to decrease with increasing cooling rate; however, the experimental and calculated results did not agree well with each other at excessively high or low cooling rate. The reasons for this discrepancy were theoretically analyzed. For the size distribution of inclusions, the effect of cooling rate on the number densities of large-sized（〉 2 μm） inclusions and small-sized（≤ 2 μm） inclusions were distinct. The number density of inclusions larger than 1 μm was not affected when the cooing rate was less than or equal to 6 K·s^-1 because inclusion precipitation was suppressed by the increased cooling rate.
基金the Guangdong Province Science and Technology Program Foundation(No.2013B040200029)2016 National Drug Evaluation Special Foundation of China and the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21375027,21335002,and 21427806).
文摘Naproxen–β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex was prepared by the freeze-drying method and analyzed by IR,UV spectroscopy,X-ray diffractometry and differential scanning calorimetry.Phase solubility,dissolution and inclusion rate of the complex were determined.The phase solubility diagram was of the AL type,which revealed that the molar ratio of naproxen toβ-cyclodextrin was 1:1.The solubility of naproxen significantly increased with increasingβ-cyclodextrin concentration.The apparent stability constant,Kc,was calculated from the slope and intercept of the AL solubility diagram as 2376/M.The total released amount and released time of naproxen from the inclusion complex were better than that of the intact naproxen.
