Industrial wastewater discharge in China is increasing with the country′s economic development and it is worthy of concern. The discharge is primarily relevant to the direct discharge coefficient of each sector of th...Industrial wastewater discharge in China is increasing with the country′s economic development and it is worthy of concern. The discharge is primarily relevant to the direct discharge coefficient of each sector of the economy, its direct input coefficient and the final demand in input-output models. In this study, we calculated the sensitivity of the reduction in the Chinese industrial wastewater discharge using the direct input coefficients based on the theory of error-transmission in an input-output framework. Using input-output models, we calculated the direct and total industrial wastewater discharge coefficients. Analysis of 2007 input-output data of 30 sectors of the Chinese economy and of 30 provincial regions of China indicates that by lowering their direct input coefficients, the manufacturers of textiles, paper and paper products, chemical products, smelting and metal pressing, telecommunication equipment, computers and other electronic equipment will significantly reduce their amounts of industrial wastewater discharge. By lowering intra-provincial direct input coefficients to industrial sectors themselves of Jiangsu, Shandong and Zhejiang, there will be a significant reduction in industrial wastewater discharge for the country as a whole. Investment in production technology and improvement in organizational efficiency in these sectors and in these provinces can help lessen the direct input coefficients, thereby effectively achieving a reduction in industrial wastewater discharge in China via industrial restructuring.展开更多
The aim of this work was to investigate the aerobic degradation of high-strength industrial (refinery) wastewaters in the inverse fluidized bed biological reactor, in which polypropylene particles of density 910 kg/m3...The aim of this work was to investigate the aerobic degradation of high-strength industrial (refinery) wastewaters in the inverse fluidized bed biological reactor, in which polypropylene particles of density 910 kg/m3 were fluidized by an upward flow of gas through a bed. Measurements of chemical oxygen demand (COD) versus residence time t were performed for various ratios of settled bed volume to reactor volume (Vb/VR) and air velocities u. The largest COD reduction, namely, from 54,840 to 2,190 mg/l, i.e. a 96% COD decrease, was achieved when the reactor was operated at the ratio (Vb/VR) = 0.55, air velocity u = 0.046 m/s and t = 65 h. Thus, these values of (Vb/VR), u and t can be considered as the optimal operating parameters for a reactor when used in treatment of high-strength refinery wastewaters. In the treatment operation conducted in a reactor optimally controlled at (Vb/VR) = 0.55, u = 0.046 m/s and t = 65 h, the conversions obtained for all phenolic constituents of the wastewater were larger than 95%. The conversions of about 90% were attained for other hydrocarbons.展开更多
The studied area (Shoubra El Khima, Bahteem and Mostorod) lies in the industrial area north of Greater Cairo. The area suffers from several environmental problems such as sewage and disposal of pollutants from the su...The studied area (Shoubra El Khima, Bahteem and Mostorod) lies in the industrial area north of Greater Cairo. The area suffers from several environmental problems such as sewage and disposal of pollutants from the surrounding factories into the surface water pathways in the area. Water samples were collected seasonally from different waterways found in the area, domestic and or industrial liquid wastes from 12 discharge tubes of different factories (as a point source of pollution). Chemical characteristics of different water samples and its heavy metals content were determined using ion coupled plasma technique (ICP). Results indicate that industrial and domestic wastewater samples contain several toxic levels of tested heavy metals (Cd, Co, Pb and Ni) which have a serious impact on surface waterways in the area. Shebin El Qanater collector drain samples exhibited the highest levels of Cd, Co, Pb and Ni compared to other tested water bodies. Mostorod collector drain samples showed the highest levels of Zn and Cu. Industrial effluent samples collected from Cairo Company for Fabric industry had the highest amounts of total Zn Cu, Cd, Co and Pb, while Delta steel company discharges the highest amounts of total Fe and Mn. Al Ahleya Plastic Company discharges the highest amounts of total Ni. Generally, it is necessary to impose the environmental laws and its regulation regarding the industrial wastewater treatments and disposals to minimize the risk of the adverse effects of these pollutants.展开更多
The essay covers the discharge and percentage of treatment of industrial wastewater in China before 1992,the analysis of industrial wastewater pollution to the environment and the problems and corrective measures to p...The essay covers the discharge and percentage of treatment of industrial wastewater in China before 1992,the analysis of industrial wastewater pollution to the environment and the problems and corrective measures to prevent and control the pollution caused by industrial wastewater in China.Water pollution is one of main environrnental problems in China. And industrial wastewater is a very important source to make water pollution. It is a key task to prevent industrial wastewater pollution and protect water quality of rivers, lakes (reservoirs), underground water in Chinese water environmental management.展开更多
The objective of this research was to investigate the optimum condition for treatment of textile industrial wastewater from water jet loom machine by chemical coagulation and electrocoagulation methods. The variables ...The objective of this research was to investigate the optimum condition for treatment of textile industrial wastewater from water jet loom machine by chemical coagulation and electrocoagulation methods. The variables of chemical coagulation method were type and amount of chemicals, pH and stirring rate. For electrocoagulation method, the variables were electrode materials, electric potential and contact time. It was found that the optimum condition of chemical coagulation method was 10% （w/w） of aqueous solution of aluminum sulphate 80 mL and 0.01% （w/w） of aqueous solution of coagulant aids, cationic polymer 32 mL per 4 L of wastewater at oH 8. The mixture solution was rapidly stirred with 120 rpm for 1 min and then slowly stirred with 20 rpm for 20 rain. The removal efficiency of turbidity, COD and oil content were 88.88%, 85.20% and 77.72%, respectively. For electrocoagulation method, the optimum condition was using aluminum electrode with 35 V and 150 min of contact time. The removal efficiency of turbidity, COD and oil content were 98.86%, 91.63% and 89.84%, respectively. It can be concluded from this study that the textile industrial wastewater treatment from water jet loom machine with electrocoagulation method is more efficient than that with chemical coagulation method.展开更多
This review discusses high-strength wastewater treatment using anaerobic baffled reactors(ABRs)and modified ABRs.The research findings and applications of ABRs in treating various types of high strength wastewater gen...This review discusses high-strength wastewater treatment using anaerobic baffled reactors(ABRs)and modified ABRs.The research findings and applications of ABRs in treating various types of high strength wastewater generated from food companies,livestock,and industries were summarized and reported.Measurement parameters affecting the performance of ABRs are briefly discussed.The state-of-the-art laboratory studies are compiled and critically reviewed.Critical challenges and suggestions for future investigation are also addressed.展开更多
This study systematically evaluates the recovery of rare earth elements（REEs） from aqueous solution and industrial wastewater using magnetic nanoparticles CuFe2O4. The industrially manufactured CuFe2O4 displays a no...This study systematically evaluates the recovery of rare earth elements（REEs） from aqueous solution and industrial wastewater using magnetic nanoparticles CuFe2O4. The industrially manufactured CuFe2O4 displays a nonlinear isotherm for REEs adsorption, suggesting limiting binding sites on the CuFe2O4 surface. The recovery of REEs increases significantly from 0.1% to 99.99% with increasing pH（2.29-8.15）. At room temperature, the maxima recovery rates of Nd, La, and Ce are observed to be in a high capacity of 51.02, 42.02, and 40.16 mg/g, respectively. No significant attenuation of REE adsorption is observed with increasing NaCl concentration from 0.001 to 1.0 mol/L, showing high selectivity of REEs even in such high NaCl concentration matrix. In addition, desorption efficiency increases with the increasing concentration of HNO3 in the range of 0.005-0.05 mol/L. When HNO3 concentration is over 0.05 mol/L, the desorption efficiency can reach almost 100% in each batch experiment. Importantly, our results show that REEs can be sorbed and recycled from liquid crystal display（LCD） polishing wastewater, suggesting that CuFe2O4 may be a good candidate in the efficient and rapid recovery of REEs from industrial wastewater.展开更多
A treatability study of industrial wastewater containing chlorinated nitroaromatic compounds （CNACs） by a catalytic ozonation process （COP） with a modified Mn/Co ceramic catalyst and an aerobic sequencing batch re...A treatability study of industrial wastewater containing chlorinated nitroaromatic compounds （CNACs） by a catalytic ozonation process （COP） with a modified Mn/Co ceramic catalyst and an aerobic sequencing batch reactor （SBR） was investigated. A preliminary attempt to treat the diluted wastewater with a single SBR resulted in ineffective removal of the color, ammonia, total organic carbon （TOC） and chemical oxygen demand （COD）. Next, COP was applied as a pretreatment in order to obtain a bio-compatible wastewater for SBR treatment in a second step. The effectiveness of the COP pretreatment was assessed by evaluating wastewater biodegradability enhancement （the ratio of biology oxygen demand after 5 d （BOD5） to COD）, as well as monitoring the evolution of TOC, carbon oxidation state （COS）, average oxidation state （AOS）, color, and major pollutant concentrations with reaction time. In the COP, the catalyst preserved its catalytic properties even after 70 reuse cycles, exhibiting good durability and stability. The performance of SBR to treat COP effluent was also examined. At an organic loading rate of 2.0 kg COD/（m^3.d）, with hydraulic retention time （HRT）=10 h and temperature （30±2） ℃, the average removal efficiencies of NH3-N, COD, BOD5, TOC, and color in a coupled COP/SBR process were about 80%, 95.8%, 93.8%, 97.6% and 99.3%, respectively, with average effluent concentrations of 10 mg/L, 128 mg/L, 27.5 mg/L, 25.0 mg/L, and 20 multiples, respectively, which were all consistent with the national standards for secondary discharge of industrial wastewater into a public sewerage system （GB 8978-1996）. The results indicated that the coupling of COP with a biological process was proved to be a technically and economically effective method for treating industrial wastewater containing recalcitrant CNACs.展开更多
This paper provides an extended input-occupancy-output analysis of wastewater discharge coeffcients, as well as backward and forward linkages of Chinese multi-regional industrial sectors in2007. The results show that ...This paper provides an extended input-occupancy-output analysis of wastewater discharge coeffcients, as well as backward and forward linkages of Chinese multi-regional industrial sectors in2007. The results show that the direct and total industrial wastewater discharge coeffcients of most of the provincial industrial sectors in China＇s Eastern region are lower than those of the whole country.Both backward and forward linkages of fixed-asset occupancy in industrial sectors in China＇s Central and Western regions are strong. The dissimilarity of cross-sectional data of the relevant industrial wastewater discharge coeffcients and linkages in multi-regional input-output analysis becomes bigger as regions are divided more extensively.展开更多
The characteristics and biological treatment technologies of several kinds of industrial wastewater are summarised. Biological treatment of industrial wastewater is a well established system with applications going b...The characteristics and biological treatment technologies of several kinds of industrial wastewater are summarised. Biological treatment of industrial wastewater is a well established system with applications going back for over a century. However, developments are still taking place but at the design stage, more emphasis will be placed on small “footprint” systems, odour control and minimization of excess sludge production.展开更多
An efficient fluorescent probe 1 based on tricarbocyanine derivative was designed and synthesized,which can detect Ag^(+) in real industrial wastewater.UV-V is absorption and fluorescent emission spectra of probe 1 we...An efficient fluorescent probe 1 based on tricarbocyanine derivative was designed and synthesized,which can detect Ag^(+) in real industrial wastewater.UV-V is absorption and fluorescent emission spectra of probe 1 were carried out and indicated this probe can bind Ag^(+) via complexation reaction,then leading to a remarkable color change from blue to light red.Furthermore,probe 1 showed high sensitive performance and excellent selectivity toward Ag^(+) over other common metal ions in neutral pH.The sensing mechanism was proposed and further confirmed by ^(1)H NMR,which demonstrate analyte-induced destruction of the π-electron system could be shorten by the disruption of the pull-push π-conjugation system in probe 1.Moreover,a test strip was prepared by filter paper immersing in probe 1 solution,which further provide its potential application for trace Ag^(+) detection in real industrial wastewater.展开更多
The characteristics and harm of high concentrations of organic wastewater were introducecl firstly, and then several treatment processes and effects of high concentrations of organic wastewater were summarized, which ...The characteristics and harm of high concentrations of organic wastewater were introducecl firstly, and then several treatment processes and effects of high concentrations of organic wastewater were summarized, which can provide theoretical references for the choice of wastewater treatment process.展开更多
The treatment of domestic and industrial wastewater is one of the major sources of CH_4 in the Chinese waste sector. On the basis of statistical data and country-specific emission factors, using IPCC methodology, the ...The treatment of domestic and industrial wastewater is one of the major sources of CH_4 in the Chinese waste sector. On the basis of statistical data and country-specific emission factors, using IPCC methodology, the characteristics of CH_4 emissions from wastewater treatment in China were analyzed. The driving factors of CH_4 emissions were studied, and the emission trend and reduction potential were predicted and analyzed according to the current situation. Results show that in 2010, CH_4 emissions from the treatment of domestic and industrial wastewater were0.6110 Mt and 1.6237 Mt, respectively. Eight major industries account for more than 92% of emissions, and CH_4 emissions gradually increased from 2005 to 2010. From the controlling management scenario, we predict that in 2020, CH_4 emissions from the treatment of domestic and industrial wastewater will be 1.0136 Mt and 2.3393 Mt, respectively, and the reduction potential will be 0.0763 Mt and 0.2599 Mt, respectively.From 2010 to 2020, CH_4 emissions from the treatment of domestic and industrial wastewater will increase by 66% and 44%, respectively.展开更多
Although near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has been evaluated for numerous applications, the number of actual on-line or even on-site industrial applications seems to be very limited. In the present paper, the attempts...Although near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has been evaluated for numerous applications, the number of actual on-line or even on-site industrial applications seems to be very limited. In the present paper, the attempts to produce online predictions of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) in wastewater from a pulp and paper mill using NIR spectroscopy are described. The task was perceived as very challenging, but with a root mean square error of prediction of 149 mg/l, roughly corresponding to 1/10 of the studied concentration interval, this attempt was deemed as successful. This result was obtained by using partial least squares model regression, interpolated reference values for calibration purposes, and by evenly distributing the calibration data in the concentration space. This work may also represent the first industrial application of online COD measurements in wastewater using NIR spectroscopy.展开更多
TOR （Tema oil refinery） is the only petroleum refinery in Ghana. To assess the quality of the wastewater, wastewater samples taken from three points of discharge into the treatment plant and the treated effluent wer...TOR （Tema oil refinery） is the only petroleum refinery in Ghana. To assess the quality of the wastewater, wastewater samples taken from three points of discharge into the treatment plant and the treated effluent were analyzed for physico-chemical characteristics. The levels of the pH, temperature, conductivity, COD （Chemical Oxygen Demand）, TDS （Total Dissolved Solids）, TSS （Total Suspended Solids） and phenol were assessed from January to June, 2011. The results obtained indicate varied levels of contaminants in both the untreated and treated wastewater. The average values of the treated effluent parameters analyzed were 38 ℃, 6,258 μs.cm-1, 314 mg-L-1, 115 mg.L-1, 2,689 mg-L-1 and 1 mg.L-1 for the temperature, conductivity, COD, TDS, TSS and phenol, respectively. The results suggest that both the raw wastewater and the treated effluent did not meet the discharge limit set by Ghana Environmental Protection Agency. Therefore, the treated effluent required additional treatment before it can be discharged into the environment. This suggests that the wastewater treatment plant of TOR is ineffective for the type of wastewater produced.展开更多
To study a kind of high-efficiency fluoride removal agent based on aluminum salt,through theoretical and experimental research,the influence of different factors(dosage of agent,concentration of fluoride ions,pH,TDS,h...To study a kind of high-efficiency fluoride removal agent based on aluminum salt,through theoretical and experimental research,the influence of different factors(dosage of agent,concentration of fluoride ions,pH,TDS,hardness and alkalinity,etc.)on the removal effect of fluoride ions by fluoride removal agent in industrial wastewater,especially mine water was analyzed.The results show that the fluoride ion removal agent based on aluminum salt could achieve efficient removal of fluoride ions,and the optimal mass ratio of fluoride ion concentration and compound reagent was 1∶130.The concentration of fluoride ions in the water produced after precipitation was≤1 mg/L under the optimal pH condition.As the pH of the solution was 6.5-7.5,the effect of fluoride removal by the agent was the highest.When the pH of the solution was>10.5 or<5,there was no effect of fluoride removal.Under the conditions of optimal pH and reagent dosage,the removal rate of fluoride ions rose with the increase of fluoride ion concentration in wastewater,up to 87.4%.It is also verified that TDS had no obvious effect on fluoride removal,and the smaller the hardness and alkalinity,the better the effect of fluoride removal.展开更多
The coordination structure of cupric tartrate(Cu−TA)complex was investigated by ultraviolet−visible(UV-Vis)and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometer(LC-MS)firstly;furthermore,effective coordination configurations an...The coordination structure of cupric tartrate(Cu−TA)complex was investigated by ultraviolet−visible(UV-Vis)and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometer(LC-MS)firstly;furthermore,effective coordination configurations and electronic properties of Cu−TA in aqueous solution were systematically revealed by density functional theory(DFT)calculations.Consistently,Job plots show the possible existence of[Cu(TA)]and[Cu(TA)_(2)]^(2-)at 230 and 255 nm based on UV-Vis results.LC-MS results confirm the existence of the single and high coordination complexes[Cu_(2)(TA)_(2)]^(+),[Cu(TA)_(2)]^(+)and[Cu_(2)(TA)_(3)(H_(2)O)_(2)(OH)_(2)]^(2+).DFT calculation results show that carboxylic oxygen and hydroxyl oxygen of tartaric acid(TA)are preferred sites for Cu(Ⅱ)coordination.[Cu(TA)](1H,3H sites O of TA coordinated with Cu(Ⅱ)),[Cu(TA)_(2)]^(2-)(two 1^(C),2^(H) sites O of TA coordinated with Cu(Ⅱ)),and[Cu(TA)_(3)]^(4-)(three 2H,3H sites O of TA coordinated with Cu(Ⅱ))should be dominant coordination configurations of Cu−TA.The corresponding Gibbs reaction energies are-170.1,-136.2,and-90.2 kJ/mol,respectively.展开更多
Two-dimensional(2D)supports confined single-atom catalysts(2D SACs)with unique geometric and electronic structures have been attractive candidates in different catalytic applications,such as energy conversion and stor...Two-dimensional(2D)supports confined single-atom catalysts(2D SACs)with unique geometric and electronic structures have been attractive candidates in different catalytic applications,such as energy conversion and storage,value-added chemical synthesis and environmental remediation.However,their environmental appli-cations lack of a comprehensive summary and in-depth discussion.In this review,recent progresses in synthesis routes and advanced characterization techniques for 2D SACs are introduced,and a comprehensive discussion on their applications in environmental remediation is presented.Generally,2D SACs can be effective in catalytic elimination of aqueous and gaseous pollutants via radical or non-radical routes and transformation of toxic pollutants into less poisonous species or highly value-added products,opening a new horizon for the contami-nant treatment.In addition,in-depth reaction mechanisms and potential pathways are systematically discussed,and the relationship between the structure-performance is highlighted.Finally,several critical challenges within this field are presented,and possible directions for further explorations of 2D SACs in environmental remediation are suggested.Although the research of 2D SACs in the environmental application is still in its infancy,this review will provide a timely summary on the emerging field,and would stimulate tremendous interest for designing more attractive 2D SACs and promoting their wide applications.展开更多
Two-dimensional(2D)MXenes have emerged as an archetypical layered material combining the properties of an organic-inorganic hybrid offering materials sustainability for a range of applications.Their surface functional...Two-dimensional(2D)MXenes have emerged as an archetypical layered material combining the properties of an organic-inorganic hybrid offering materials sustainability for a range of applications.Their surface functional groups and the associated chemical properties'tailorability through functionalizing MXenes with other materials as well as hydrophilicity and high conductivity enable them to be the best successor for various applications in textile industries,especially in the advancement of smart textiles and remediation of textile wastewater.MXene-based textile composite performs superb smartness in high-performance wearables as well as in the reduction of textile dyes from wastewater.This article critically reviews the significance of MXenes in two sectors of the textile industry.Firstly,we review the improvement of textile raw materials such as fiber,yarn,and fabric by using MXene as electrodes in supercapacitors,pressure sensors.Secondly,we review advancements in the removal of dyes from textile wastewater utilizing MXene as an absorbent by the adsorption process.MXene-based textiles demonstrated superior strength through the strong bonding between MXene and textile structures as well as the treatment of adsorbate by adsorbent(MXene in the adsorption process).We identify critical gaps for further research to enable their real-life applications.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of Key Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.KZZD-EW-06-02)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41201129)Humanities and Social Science Research Planning Fund,Ministry of Education of China(No.13YJAZH042)
文摘Industrial wastewater discharge in China is increasing with the country′s economic development and it is worthy of concern. The discharge is primarily relevant to the direct discharge coefficient of each sector of the economy, its direct input coefficient and the final demand in input-output models. In this study, we calculated the sensitivity of the reduction in the Chinese industrial wastewater discharge using the direct input coefficients based on the theory of error-transmission in an input-output framework. Using input-output models, we calculated the direct and total industrial wastewater discharge coefficients. Analysis of 2007 input-output data of 30 sectors of the Chinese economy and of 30 provincial regions of China indicates that by lowering their direct input coefficients, the manufacturers of textiles, paper and paper products, chemical products, smelting and metal pressing, telecommunication equipment, computers and other electronic equipment will significantly reduce their amounts of industrial wastewater discharge. By lowering intra-provincial direct input coefficients to industrial sectors themselves of Jiangsu, Shandong and Zhejiang, there will be a significant reduction in industrial wastewater discharge for the country as a whole. Investment in production technology and improvement in organizational efficiency in these sectors and in these provinces can help lessen the direct input coefficients, thereby effectively achieving a reduction in industrial wastewater discharge in China via industrial restructuring.
文摘The aim of this work was to investigate the aerobic degradation of high-strength industrial (refinery) wastewaters in the inverse fluidized bed biological reactor, in which polypropylene particles of density 910 kg/m3 were fluidized by an upward flow of gas through a bed. Measurements of chemical oxygen demand (COD) versus residence time t were performed for various ratios of settled bed volume to reactor volume (Vb/VR) and air velocities u. The largest COD reduction, namely, from 54,840 to 2,190 mg/l, i.e. a 96% COD decrease, was achieved when the reactor was operated at the ratio (Vb/VR) = 0.55, air velocity u = 0.046 m/s and t = 65 h. Thus, these values of (Vb/VR), u and t can be considered as the optimal operating parameters for a reactor when used in treatment of high-strength refinery wastewaters. In the treatment operation conducted in a reactor optimally controlled at (Vb/VR) = 0.55, u = 0.046 m/s and t = 65 h, the conversions obtained for all phenolic constituents of the wastewater were larger than 95%. The conversions of about 90% were attained for other hydrocarbons.
文摘The studied area (Shoubra El Khima, Bahteem and Mostorod) lies in the industrial area north of Greater Cairo. The area suffers from several environmental problems such as sewage and disposal of pollutants from the surrounding factories into the surface water pathways in the area. Water samples were collected seasonally from different waterways found in the area, domestic and or industrial liquid wastes from 12 discharge tubes of different factories (as a point source of pollution). Chemical characteristics of different water samples and its heavy metals content were determined using ion coupled plasma technique (ICP). Results indicate that industrial and domestic wastewater samples contain several toxic levels of tested heavy metals (Cd, Co, Pb and Ni) which have a serious impact on surface waterways in the area. Shebin El Qanater collector drain samples exhibited the highest levels of Cd, Co, Pb and Ni compared to other tested water bodies. Mostorod collector drain samples showed the highest levels of Zn and Cu. Industrial effluent samples collected from Cairo Company for Fabric industry had the highest amounts of total Zn Cu, Cd, Co and Pb, while Delta steel company discharges the highest amounts of total Fe and Mn. Al Ahleya Plastic Company discharges the highest amounts of total Ni. Generally, it is necessary to impose the environmental laws and its regulation regarding the industrial wastewater treatments and disposals to minimize the risk of the adverse effects of these pollutants.
文摘The essay covers the discharge and percentage of treatment of industrial wastewater in China before 1992,the analysis of industrial wastewater pollution to the environment and the problems and corrective measures to prevent and control the pollution caused by industrial wastewater in China.Water pollution is one of main environrnental problems in China. And industrial wastewater is a very important source to make water pollution. It is a key task to prevent industrial wastewater pollution and protect water quality of rivers, lakes (reservoirs), underground water in Chinese water environmental management.
文摘The objective of this research was to investigate the optimum condition for treatment of textile industrial wastewater from water jet loom machine by chemical coagulation and electrocoagulation methods. The variables of chemical coagulation method were type and amount of chemicals, pH and stirring rate. For electrocoagulation method, the variables were electrode materials, electric potential and contact time. It was found that the optimum condition of chemical coagulation method was 10% （w/w） of aqueous solution of aluminum sulphate 80 mL and 0.01% （w/w） of aqueous solution of coagulant aids, cationic polymer 32 mL per 4 L of wastewater at oH 8. The mixture solution was rapidly stirred with 120 rpm for 1 min and then slowly stirred with 20 rpm for 20 rain. The removal efficiency of turbidity, COD and oil content were 88.88%, 85.20% and 77.72%, respectively. For electrocoagulation method, the optimum condition was using aluminum electrode with 35 V and 150 min of contact time. The removal efficiency of turbidity, COD and oil content were 98.86%, 91.63% and 89.84%, respectively. It can be concluded from this study that the textile industrial wastewater treatment from water jet loom machine with electrocoagulation method is more efficient than that with chemical coagulation method.
文摘This review discusses high-strength wastewater treatment using anaerobic baffled reactors(ABRs)and modified ABRs.The research findings and applications of ABRs in treating various types of high strength wastewater generated from food companies,livestock,and industries were summarized and reported.Measurement parameters affecting the performance of ABRs are briefly discussed.The state-of-the-art laboratory studies are compiled and critically reviewed.Critical challenges and suggestions for future investigation are also addressed.
基金Project supported by Shanghai Natural Science Foundation(17ZR1420700)State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Foundation(PCRRF16013)Shanghai Gaofeng & Gaoyuan Project for University Academic Program Development
文摘This study systematically evaluates the recovery of rare earth elements（REEs） from aqueous solution and industrial wastewater using magnetic nanoparticles CuFe2O4. The industrially manufactured CuFe2O4 displays a nonlinear isotherm for REEs adsorption, suggesting limiting binding sites on the CuFe2O4 surface. The recovery of REEs increases significantly from 0.1% to 99.99% with increasing pH（2.29-8.15）. At room temperature, the maxima recovery rates of Nd, La, and Ce are observed to be in a high capacity of 51.02, 42.02, and 40.16 mg/g, respectively. No significant attenuation of REE adsorption is observed with increasing NaCl concentration from 0.001 to 1.0 mol/L, showing high selectivity of REEs even in such high NaCl concentration matrix. In addition, desorption efficiency increases with the increasing concentration of HNO3 in the range of 0.005-0.05 mol/L. When HNO3 concentration is over 0.05 mol/L, the desorption efficiency can reach almost 100% in each batch experiment. Importantly, our results show that REEs can be sorbed and recycled from liquid crystal display（LCD） polishing wastewater, suggesting that CuFe2O4 may be a good candidate in the efficient and rapid recovery of REEs from industrial wastewater.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50378082)the Key Project of Science and Technology Plan of Zhejiang Province (No.2004C23021),China
文摘A treatability study of industrial wastewater containing chlorinated nitroaromatic compounds （CNACs） by a catalytic ozonation process （COP） with a modified Mn/Co ceramic catalyst and an aerobic sequencing batch reactor （SBR） was investigated. A preliminary attempt to treat the diluted wastewater with a single SBR resulted in ineffective removal of the color, ammonia, total organic carbon （TOC） and chemical oxygen demand （COD）. Next, COP was applied as a pretreatment in order to obtain a bio-compatible wastewater for SBR treatment in a second step. The effectiveness of the COP pretreatment was assessed by evaluating wastewater biodegradability enhancement （the ratio of biology oxygen demand after 5 d （BOD5） to COD）, as well as monitoring the evolution of TOC, carbon oxidation state （COS）, average oxidation state （AOS）, color, and major pollutant concentrations with reaction time. In the COP, the catalyst preserved its catalytic properties even after 70 reuse cycles, exhibiting good durability and stability. The performance of SBR to treat COP effluent was also examined. At an organic loading rate of 2.0 kg COD/（m^3.d）, with hydraulic retention time （HRT）=10 h and temperature （30±2） ℃, the average removal efficiencies of NH3-N, COD, BOD5, TOC, and color in a coupled COP/SBR process were about 80%, 95.8%, 93.8%, 97.6% and 99.3%, respectively, with average effluent concentrations of 10 mg/L, 128 mg/L, 27.5 mg/L, 25.0 mg/L, and 20 multiples, respectively, which were all consistent with the national standards for secondary discharge of industrial wastewater into a public sewerage system （GB 8978-1996）. The results indicated that the coupling of COP with a biological process was proved to be a technically and economically effective method for treating industrial wastewater containing recalcitrant CNACs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.41201129 and71203213the Science and Technology Service Network Initiative of the Chinese Academy of Sciences under Grant No.KFJ-EW-STS-003
文摘This paper provides an extended input-occupancy-output analysis of wastewater discharge coeffcients, as well as backward and forward linkages of Chinese multi-regional industrial sectors in2007. The results show that the direct and total industrial wastewater discharge coeffcients of most of the provincial industrial sectors in China＇s Eastern region are lower than those of the whole country.Both backward and forward linkages of fixed-asset occupancy in industrial sectors in China＇s Central and Western regions are strong. The dissimilarity of cross-sectional data of the relevant industrial wastewater discharge coeffcients and linkages in multi-regional input-output analysis becomes bigger as regions are divided more extensively.
文摘The characteristics and biological treatment technologies of several kinds of industrial wastewater are summarised. Biological treatment of industrial wastewater is a well established system with applications going back for over a century. However, developments are still taking place but at the design stage, more emphasis will be placed on small “footprint” systems, odour control and minimization of excess sludge production.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(21808028)Science and Technology Foundation of Liaoning Province(2019-BS-047)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2018011013).
文摘An efficient fluorescent probe 1 based on tricarbocyanine derivative was designed and synthesized,which can detect Ag^(+) in real industrial wastewater.UV-V is absorption and fluorescent emission spectra of probe 1 were carried out and indicated this probe can bind Ag^(+) via complexation reaction,then leading to a remarkable color change from blue to light red.Furthermore,probe 1 showed high sensitive performance and excellent selectivity toward Ag^(+) over other common metal ions in neutral pH.The sensing mechanism was proposed and further confirmed by ^(1)H NMR,which demonstrate analyte-induced destruction of the π-electron system could be shorten by the disruption of the pull-push π-conjugation system in probe 1.Moreover,a test strip was prepared by filter paper immersing in probe 1 solution,which further provide its potential application for trace Ag^(+) detection in real industrial wastewater.
文摘The characteristics and harm of high concentrations of organic wastewater were introducecl firstly, and then several treatment processes and effects of high concentrations of organic wastewater were summarized, which can provide theoretical references for the choice of wastewater treatment process.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41175137)the Climate Change Working Program of MEP in 2015 (CC(2015)-9-3)the Climate Change Project of Beijing in 2014 (ZHCKT4)
文摘The treatment of domestic and industrial wastewater is one of the major sources of CH_4 in the Chinese waste sector. On the basis of statistical data and country-specific emission factors, using IPCC methodology, the characteristics of CH_4 emissions from wastewater treatment in China were analyzed. The driving factors of CH_4 emissions were studied, and the emission trend and reduction potential were predicted and analyzed according to the current situation. Results show that in 2010, CH_4 emissions from the treatment of domestic and industrial wastewater were0.6110 Mt and 1.6237 Mt, respectively. Eight major industries account for more than 92% of emissions, and CH_4 emissions gradually increased from 2005 to 2010. From the controlling management scenario, we predict that in 2020, CH_4 emissions from the treatment of domestic and industrial wastewater will be 1.0136 Mt and 2.3393 Mt, respectively, and the reduction potential will be 0.0763 Mt and 0.2599 Mt, respectively.From 2010 to 2020, CH_4 emissions from the treatment of domestic and industrial wastewater will increase by 66% and 44%, respectively.
文摘Although near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has been evaluated for numerous applications, the number of actual on-line or even on-site industrial applications seems to be very limited. In the present paper, the attempts to produce online predictions of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) in wastewater from a pulp and paper mill using NIR spectroscopy are described. The task was perceived as very challenging, but with a root mean square error of prediction of 149 mg/l, roughly corresponding to 1/10 of the studied concentration interval, this attempt was deemed as successful. This result was obtained by using partial least squares model regression, interpolated reference values for calibration purposes, and by evenly distributing the calibration data in the concentration space. This work may also represent the first industrial application of online COD measurements in wastewater using NIR spectroscopy.
文摘TOR （Tema oil refinery） is the only petroleum refinery in Ghana. To assess the quality of the wastewater, wastewater samples taken from three points of discharge into the treatment plant and the treated effluent were analyzed for physico-chemical characteristics. The levels of the pH, temperature, conductivity, COD （Chemical Oxygen Demand）, TDS （Total Dissolved Solids）, TSS （Total Suspended Solids） and phenol were assessed from January to June, 2011. The results obtained indicate varied levels of contaminants in both the untreated and treated wastewater. The average values of the treated effluent parameters analyzed were 38 ℃, 6,258 μs.cm-1, 314 mg-L-1, 115 mg.L-1, 2,689 mg-L-1 and 1 mg.L-1 for the temperature, conductivity, COD, TDS, TSS and phenol, respectively. The results suggest that both the raw wastewater and the treated effluent did not meet the discharge limit set by Ghana Environmental Protection Agency. Therefore, the treated effluent required additional treatment before it can be discharged into the environment. This suggests that the wastewater treatment plant of TOR is ineffective for the type of wastewater produced.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Achievements Transformation Project of Ordos City—Synthesis and Technology Development of Targeted Agents for the Treatment of Wastewater Containing Fluorine and Silica(2021CG Society2-4)Special Project for Science and Technology Achievements Transformation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region—Recycling Project of 15000 m^(3)/d+15000 m^(3)/d Reclaimed Water in Dongsheng District。
文摘To study a kind of high-efficiency fluoride removal agent based on aluminum salt,through theoretical and experimental research,the influence of different factors(dosage of agent,concentration of fluoride ions,pH,TDS,hardness and alkalinity,etc.)on the removal effect of fluoride ions by fluoride removal agent in industrial wastewater,especially mine water was analyzed.The results show that the fluoride ion removal agent based on aluminum salt could achieve efficient removal of fluoride ions,and the optimal mass ratio of fluoride ion concentration and compound reagent was 1∶130.The concentration of fluoride ions in the water produced after precipitation was≤1 mg/L under the optimal pH condition.As the pH of the solution was 6.5-7.5,the effect of fluoride removal by the agent was the highest.When the pH of the solution was>10.5 or<5,there was no effect of fluoride removal.Under the conditions of optimal pH and reagent dosage,the removal rate of fluoride ions rose with the increase of fluoride ion concentration in wastewater,up to 87.4%.It is also verified that TDS had no obvious effect on fluoride removal,and the smaller the hardness and alkalinity,the better the effect of fluoride removal.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFC0408303)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(No.2021JJ20069)+2 种基金the Changsha Science and Technology Project,China(Nos.kq2106016,kq2009005)Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project(111 Project),China(No.B14034)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University,China(No.2021zzts0887).
文摘The coordination structure of cupric tartrate(Cu−TA)complex was investigated by ultraviolet−visible(UV-Vis)and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometer(LC-MS)firstly;furthermore,effective coordination configurations and electronic properties of Cu−TA in aqueous solution were systematically revealed by density functional theory(DFT)calculations.Consistently,Job plots show the possible existence of[Cu(TA)]and[Cu(TA)_(2)]^(2-)at 230 and 255 nm based on UV-Vis results.LC-MS results confirm the existence of the single and high coordination complexes[Cu_(2)(TA)_(2)]^(+),[Cu(TA)_(2)]^(+)and[Cu_(2)(TA)_(3)(H_(2)O)_(2)(OH)_(2)]^(2+).DFT calculation results show that carboxylic oxygen and hydroxyl oxygen of tartaric acid(TA)are preferred sites for Cu(Ⅱ)coordination.[Cu(TA)](1H,3H sites O of TA coordinated with Cu(Ⅱ)),[Cu(TA)_(2)]^(2-)(two 1^(C),2^(H) sites O of TA coordinated with Cu(Ⅱ)),and[Cu(TA)_(3)]^(4-)(three 2H,3H sites O of TA coordinated with Cu(Ⅱ))should be dominant coordination configurations of Cu−TA.The corresponding Gibbs reaction energies are-170.1,-136.2,and-90.2 kJ/mol,respectively.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51602133,51876093)China MOST(2018YFE0183600).
文摘Two-dimensional(2D)supports confined single-atom catalysts(2D SACs)with unique geometric and electronic structures have been attractive candidates in different catalytic applications,such as energy conversion and storage,value-added chemical synthesis and environmental remediation.However,their environmental appli-cations lack of a comprehensive summary and in-depth discussion.In this review,recent progresses in synthesis routes and advanced characterization techniques for 2D SACs are introduced,and a comprehensive discussion on their applications in environmental remediation is presented.Generally,2D SACs can be effective in catalytic elimination of aqueous and gaseous pollutants via radical or non-radical routes and transformation of toxic pollutants into less poisonous species or highly value-added products,opening a new horizon for the contami-nant treatment.In addition,in-depth reaction mechanisms and potential pathways are systematically discussed,and the relationship between the structure-performance is highlighted.Finally,several critical challenges within this field are presented,and possible directions for further explorations of 2D SACs in environmental remediation are suggested.Although the research of 2D SACs in the environmental application is still in its infancy,this review will provide a timely summary on the emerging field,and would stimulate tremendous interest for designing more attractive 2D SACs and promoting their wide applications.
基金the University Malaysia Pahang for the financial aid providing the grants(Nos.RDU 213308 and RDU 192207).
文摘Two-dimensional(2D)MXenes have emerged as an archetypical layered material combining the properties of an organic-inorganic hybrid offering materials sustainability for a range of applications.Their surface functional groups and the associated chemical properties'tailorability through functionalizing MXenes with other materials as well as hydrophilicity and high conductivity enable them to be the best successor for various applications in textile industries,especially in the advancement of smart textiles and remediation of textile wastewater.MXene-based textile composite performs superb smartness in high-performance wearables as well as in the reduction of textile dyes from wastewater.This article critically reviews the significance of MXenes in two sectors of the textile industry.Firstly,we review the improvement of textile raw materials such as fiber,yarn,and fabric by using MXene as electrodes in supercapacitors,pressure sensors.Secondly,we review advancements in the removal of dyes from textile wastewater utilizing MXene as an absorbent by the adsorption process.MXene-based textiles demonstrated superior strength through the strong bonding between MXene and textile structures as well as the treatment of adsorbate by adsorbent(MXene in the adsorption process).We identify critical gaps for further research to enable their real-life applications.
