Based on the mechanisms of gravity displacement,miscibility,viscosity reduction,and imbibition in natural gas flooding,an integrated reservoir construction technology of oil displacement and underground gas storage(UG...Based on the mechanisms of gravity displacement,miscibility,viscosity reduction,and imbibition in natural gas flooding,an integrated reservoir construction technology of oil displacement and underground gas storage(UGS)is proposed.This paper systemically describes the technical connotation,site selection principle and optimization process of operation parameters of the gas storage,and advantages of this technology.By making full use of the gravity displacement,miscibility,viscosity reduction,and imbibition features of natural gas flooding,the natural gas can be injected into oil reservoir to enhance oil recovery and build strategic gas storage at the same time,realizing the win-win situation of oil production and natural gas peak shaving.Compared with the gas reservoir storage,the integrated construction technology of gas storage has two profit models:increasing crude oil production and gas storage transfer fee,so it has better economic benefit.At the same time,in this kind of gas storage,gas is injected at high pressure in the initial stage of its construction,gas is injected and produced in small volume in the initial operation stage,and then in large volume in the middle and late operation stage.In this way,the gas storage wouldn’t have drastic changes in stress periodically,overcoming the shortcomings of large stress variations of gas reservoir storage during injection-production cycle due to large gas injection and production volume.The keys of this technology are site selection and evaluation of oil reservoir,and optimization of gravity displacement,displacement pressure,and gas storage operation parameters,etc.The pilot test shows that the technology has achieved initial success,which is a new idea for the rapid development of UGS construction in China.展开更多
This article describes the significance of constructing integratedgateway office offices by telecom operators in the new era,as wellas the change and improvement of the function requirements of in-tegrated gateway off...This article describes the significance of constructing integratedgateway office offices by telecom operators in the new era,as wellas the change and improvement of the function requirements of in-tegrated gateway office offices with the continuous development ofcross-network services.It puts forward ZTE’s overall solution forthe inter-network interworking with regard to the construction of in-tegrated gateway office offices.展开更多
On December 20,2016 the construction of the SinoKuwait Guangdong integrated refining/chemical join venture project,which is the largest Sinopec’s projec under construction and also the key construction project of Gua...On December 20,2016 the construction of the SinoKuwait Guangdong integrated refining/chemical join venture project,which is the largest Sinopec’s projec under construction and also the key construction project of Guangdong province,had been kicked off comprehensively.This project is located in the new district of the East Sea Island inside the Zhanjiang Economic Development展开更多
The effects of single Cd^(2+)and Pb^(2+),and combined Cd^(2+)and Pb^(2+)on dehydrogenase activity and polysaccharide content of the substrate biofilms in the integrated vertical-flow constructed wetland(IVCW)were stud...The effects of single Cd^(2+)and Pb^(2+),and combined Cd^(2+)and Pb^(2+)on dehydrogenase activity and polysaccharide content of the substrate biofilms in the integrated vertical-flow constructed wetland(IVCW)were studied.Dehydrogenase activities decreased linearly with the increasing concentrations of Cd^(2+)and Pb^(2+)at different times(6,24,72,and 120 h).The activities at both 6 and 24 h were significantly higher than that at 72 and 120 h in the case of single and combined treatments.The single Cd^(2+)...展开更多
Following the accession to the WTO of China,bank card industry faces new competition pressure and challenges. At present, the most outstanding problem we face is, how to narrow the gap of development between the inter...Following the accession to the WTO of China,bank card industry faces new competition pressure and challenges. At present, the most outstanding problem we face is, how to narrow the gap of development between the international bank card industry and that of China and keep up with fast-developing paces of international bank card as soon as possible. Objectively speaking, bank card industry of our country is still at the initial stage.展开更多
Design is a goal-oriented planning activity for creating products,processes,and systems with desired functions through specifications.It is a decision-making exploration:the design outcome may vary greatly depending o...Design is a goal-oriented planning activity for creating products,processes,and systems with desired functions through specifications.It is a decision-making exploration:the design outcome may vary greatly depending on the designer’s knowledge and philosophy.Integrated design is one type of design philosophy that takes an interdisciplinary and holistic approach.In civil engineering,structural design is such an activity for creating buildings and infrastructures.Recently,structural design in many countries has emphasized a performance-based philosophy that simultaneously considers a structure’s safety,durability,serviceability,and sustainability.Consequently,integrated design in civil engineering has become more popular,useful,and important.Material-oriented integrated design and construction of structures(MIDCS)combine materials engineering and structural engineering in the design stage:it fully utilizes the strengths of materials by selecting the most suitable structural forms and construction methodologies.This paper will explore real-world examples of MIDCS,including the realization of MIDCS in timber seismic-resistant structures,masonry arch structures,long-span steel bridges,prefabricated/on-site extruded light-weight steel structures,fiber-reinforced cementitious composites structures,and fiber-reinforced polymer bridge decks.Additionally,advanced material design methods such as bioinspired design and structure construction technology of additive manufacturing are briefly reviewed and discussed to demonstrate how MIDCS can combine materials and structures.A unified strengthdurability design theory is also introduced,which is a human-centric,interdisciplinary,and holistic approach to the description and development of any civil infrastructure and includes all processes directly involved in the life cycle of the infrastructure.Finally,this paper lays out future research directions for further development in the field.展开更多
Designer:Design Institute of Offshore Oil Engineering Co.,Ltd.,China Construction Integrator:Offshore Oil Engineering Co.,Ltd.,China 1 Background and characteristics of Brazil FPSO P67/P70 project Floating Production ...Designer:Design Institute of Offshore Oil Engineering Co.,Ltd.,China Construction Integrator:Offshore Oil Engineering Co.,Ltd.,China 1 Background and characteristics of Brazil FPSO P67/P70 project Floating Production Storage and Offloading(FPSO)is a comprehensive large-scale offshore oil and gas production unit that integrates oil and gas processing,oil storage and unloading,daily life,and power supply.展开更多
基金Supported by the Petro China Preliminary Research Project(2021-40217-000041)Changqing Oilfield Technology Development Project(RIPED-JS-50016)。
文摘Based on the mechanisms of gravity displacement,miscibility,viscosity reduction,and imbibition in natural gas flooding,an integrated reservoir construction technology of oil displacement and underground gas storage(UGS)is proposed.This paper systemically describes the technical connotation,site selection principle and optimization process of operation parameters of the gas storage,and advantages of this technology.By making full use of the gravity displacement,miscibility,viscosity reduction,and imbibition features of natural gas flooding,the natural gas can be injected into oil reservoir to enhance oil recovery and build strategic gas storage at the same time,realizing the win-win situation of oil production and natural gas peak shaving.Compared with the gas reservoir storage,the integrated construction technology of gas storage has two profit models:increasing crude oil production and gas storage transfer fee,so it has better economic benefit.At the same time,in this kind of gas storage,gas is injected at high pressure in the initial stage of its construction,gas is injected and produced in small volume in the initial operation stage,and then in large volume in the middle and late operation stage.In this way,the gas storage wouldn’t have drastic changes in stress periodically,overcoming the shortcomings of large stress variations of gas reservoir storage during injection-production cycle due to large gas injection and production volume.The keys of this technology are site selection and evaluation of oil reservoir,and optimization of gravity displacement,displacement pressure,and gas storage operation parameters,etc.The pilot test shows that the technology has achieved initial success,which is a new idea for the rapid development of UGS construction in China.
文摘This article describes the significance of constructing integratedgateway office offices by telecom operators in the new era,as wellas the change and improvement of the function requirements of in-tegrated gateway office offices with the continuous development ofcross-network services.It puts forward ZTE’s overall solution forthe inter-network interworking with regard to the construction of in-tegrated gateway office offices.
文摘On December 20,2016 the construction of the SinoKuwait Guangdong integrated refining/chemical join venture project,which is the largest Sinopec’s projec under construction and also the key construction project of Guangdong province,had been kicked off comprehensively.This project is located in the new district of the East Sea Island inside the Zhanjiang Economic Development
文摘The effects of single Cd^(2+)and Pb^(2+),and combined Cd^(2+)and Pb^(2+)on dehydrogenase activity and polysaccharide content of the substrate biofilms in the integrated vertical-flow constructed wetland(IVCW)were studied.Dehydrogenase activities decreased linearly with the increasing concentrations of Cd^(2+)and Pb^(2+)at different times(6,24,72,and 120 h).The activities at both 6 and 24 h were significantly higher than that at 72 and 120 h in the case of single and combined treatments.The single Cd^(2+)...
文摘Following the accession to the WTO of China,bank card industry faces new competition pressure and challenges. At present, the most outstanding problem we face is, how to narrow the gap of development between the international bank card industry and that of China and keep up with fast-developing paces of international bank card as soon as possible. Objectively speaking, bank card industry of our country is still at the initial stage.
基金This work was supported by the Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao SAR(0083/2018/A2)Multi-Year Research Grant(MYRG2019-00135-IAPME)Research&Development Grant for Chair Professor(CPG2020-00002-IAPME).
文摘Design is a goal-oriented planning activity for creating products,processes,and systems with desired functions through specifications.It is a decision-making exploration:the design outcome may vary greatly depending on the designer’s knowledge and philosophy.Integrated design is one type of design philosophy that takes an interdisciplinary and holistic approach.In civil engineering,structural design is such an activity for creating buildings and infrastructures.Recently,structural design in many countries has emphasized a performance-based philosophy that simultaneously considers a structure’s safety,durability,serviceability,and sustainability.Consequently,integrated design in civil engineering has become more popular,useful,and important.Material-oriented integrated design and construction of structures(MIDCS)combine materials engineering and structural engineering in the design stage:it fully utilizes the strengths of materials by selecting the most suitable structural forms and construction methodologies.This paper will explore real-world examples of MIDCS,including the realization of MIDCS in timber seismic-resistant structures,masonry arch structures,long-span steel bridges,prefabricated/on-site extruded light-weight steel structures,fiber-reinforced cementitious composites structures,and fiber-reinforced polymer bridge decks.Additionally,advanced material design methods such as bioinspired design and structure construction technology of additive manufacturing are briefly reviewed and discussed to demonstrate how MIDCS can combine materials and structures.A unified strengthdurability design theory is also introduced,which is a human-centric,interdisciplinary,and holistic approach to the description and development of any civil infrastructure and includes all processes directly involved in the life cycle of the infrastructure.Finally,this paper lays out future research directions for further development in the field.
文摘Designer:Design Institute of Offshore Oil Engineering Co.,Ltd.,China Construction Integrator:Offshore Oil Engineering Co.,Ltd.,China 1 Background and characteristics of Brazil FPSO P67/P70 project Floating Production Storage and Offloading(FPSO)is a comprehensive large-scale offshore oil and gas production unit that integrates oil and gas processing,oil storage and unloading,daily life,and power supply.
