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IMC-skeletons reinforced high-temperature interconnections through low-temperature TLP bonding and micron composite solders
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作者 王晓婷 朱宇阳 +1 位作者 祝温泊 李明雨 《China Welding》 CAS 2023年第2期42-51,共10页
The traditional nano-sintering or TLP techniques are generally expensive,time-consuming,and hence unsuitable for realizing practical mass production.Herein,we have developed an improved TLP process to rapidly produce ... The traditional nano-sintering or TLP techniques are generally expensive,time-consuming,and hence unsuitable for realizing practical mass production.Herein,we have developed an improved TLP process to rapidly produce IMC-skeleton structures across the bonding region by initiating a localized liquid-solid interaction among micron particles at traditional soldering temperatures.The developed IMC skeletons can reinforce solder alloys and provide remarkable mechanical stability and electrical capabilities at high temperatures.As a result,the IMC-skeleton strengthened interconnections exhibited higher thermal/electrical conductivity,lower hardness and almost doubled strength than traditional full-IMC joints,attaining 87.4 MPa and 30.2 MPa at room condition and 350℃.Meanwhile,the necessary heating time to form metallurgical bonds was shortened,one-fifth of nano-sintering and one-tenth of TLP bonding,and the material cost was significantly reduced.This proposed technique enabled the fast,low-cost manufacturing of electronics that can serve at temperatures as high as 200−350℃.Besides,the interfacial reactions among particles and the correlated phase evolution process were studied in this research.The formation mechanism of IMC skeletons was analyzed.The correlated influencing factors and their effect on the mechanical,thermal and electrical properties of joints were revealed,which may help the design and extensive uses of such techniques in various high-temperature/power applications. 展开更多
关键词 IMC skeletons high-temperature interconnections microstructure influencing factors
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Impact of interconnections and renewable energy integration on the Philippine-Sabah Power Grid systems
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作者 Tristan G.Magallones,Jr. Jai Govind Singh 《Global Energy Interconnection》 EI CSCD 2023年第3期253-272,共20页
This study presents a comprehensive impact analysis of the rotor angle stability of a proposed international connection between the Philippines and Sabah,Malaysia,as part of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations(... This study presents a comprehensive impact analysis of the rotor angle stability of a proposed international connection between the Philippines and Sabah,Malaysia,as part of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations(ASEAN)Power Grid.This study focuses on modeling and evaluating the dynamic performance of the interconnected system,considering the high penetration of renewable sources.Power flow,small signal stability,and transient stability analyses were conducted to assess the ability of the proposed linked power system models to withstand small and large disturbances,utilizing the Power Systems Analysis Toolbox(PSAT)software in MATLAB.All components used in the model are documented in the PSAT library.Currently,there is a lack of publicly available studies regarding the implementation of this specific system.Additionally,the study investigates the behavior of a system with a high penetration of renewable energy sources.Based on the findings,this study concludes that a system is generally stable when interconnection is realized,given its appropriate location and dynamic component parameters.Furthermore,the critical eigenvalues of the system also exhibited improvement as the renewable energy sources were augmented. 展开更多
关键词 Modeling of ASEAN Power Grid Rotor angle stability of asynchronous Philippine-Sabah interconnection in ASEAN Power Grid The impact of renewable energy integration on Philippine-Sabah interconnection in ASEAN Power Grid
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Adaptive Decentralized Asymptotic Tracking Control for Large-Scale Nonlinear Systems With Unknown Strong Interconnections 被引量:1
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作者 Ben Niu Jidong Liu +2 位作者 Ding Wang Xudong Zhao Huanqing Wang 《IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica》 SCIE EI CSCD 2022年第1期173-186,共14页
An adaptive decentralized asymptotic tracking control scheme is developed in this paper for a class of large-scale nonlinear systems with unknown strong interconnections,unknown time-varying parameters,and disturbance... An adaptive decentralized asymptotic tracking control scheme is developed in this paper for a class of large-scale nonlinear systems with unknown strong interconnections,unknown time-varying parameters,and disturbances.First,by employing the intrinsic properties of Gaussian functions for the interconnection terms for the first time,all extra signals in the framework of decentralized control are filtered out,thereby removing all additional assumptions imposed on the interconnec-tions,such as upper bounding functions and matching conditions.Second,by introducing two integral bounded functions,asymptotic tracking control is realized.Moreover,the nonlinear filters with the compensation terms are introduced to circumvent the issue of“explosion of complexity”.It is shown that all the closed-loop signals are bounded and the tracking errors converge to zero asymptotically.In the end,a simulation example is carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. 展开更多
关键词 Adaptive decentralized control asymptotic tracking control large-scale nonlinear systems unknown strong interconnections
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The Three Gorges Power Project Will PromotePower Network Interconnections throughout China
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作者 Wang Xiliang(China Electric Power Information Center) 《Electricity》 1998年第3期6-8,共3页
关键词 PROJECT In The Three Gorges Power Project Will PromotePower Network interconnections throughout China GW
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Review on failure analysis of interconnections in power devices 被引量:2
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作者 Huang Wei Chen Zhiwen 《China Welding》 CAS 2022年第1期6-14,共9页
Interconnections in microelectronic packaging are not only the physical carrier to realize the function of electronic circuits,but also the weak spots in reliability tests.Most of failures in power devices are caused ... Interconnections in microelectronic packaging are not only the physical carrier to realize the function of electronic circuits,but also the weak spots in reliability tests.Most of failures in power devices are caused by the malfunction of interconnections,including failure of bonding wire as well as cracks of solder layer.In fact,the interconnection failure of power devices is the result of a combination of factors such as electricity,temperature,and force.It is significant to investigate the failure mechanisms of various factors for the failure analysis of interconnections in power devices.This paper reviews the main failure modes of bonding wire and solder layer in the interconnection structure of power devices,and its failure mechanism.Then the reliability test method and failure analysis techniques of interconnection in power device are introduced.These methods are of great significance to the reliability analysis and life prediction of power devices. 展开更多
关键词 power device reliability test failure analysis INTERCONNECTION
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Analysis of water resource benefits due to power grid interconnections using the virtual water method 被引量:1
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作者 Xing Chen Zhiyuan Ma +4 位作者 Xin Tan Yang Zhao Changyi Liu Feng Tan Fang Yang 《Global Energy Interconnection》 2019年第3期276-284,共9页
The global water demand and supply situation is becoming increasingly severe due to water shortage and uneven distribution of water resources.The highest water demand in the energy sector is attributable to power gene... The global water demand and supply situation is becoming increasingly severe due to water shortage and uneven distribution of water resources.The highest water demand in the energy sector is attributable to power generation.With cross-country and cross-continental power grid interconnections becoming a reality,electricity trading across countries and the creation of new opportunities for re-allocation of water resources are possible.This study expands the concept of virtual water and proposes a generalized virtual water flow in an interconnected power grid system to accurately estimate water resource benefits of clean power transmission from both the production and the consumption sides.By defining the water scarcity index as a price mechanism indicator,the benefits of water resources allocation through power grid interconnections are evaluated.Taking the Africa-Asia-Europe interconnection scenario as an example,the total water saving would amount to 88.95 million m^3 by 2030 and 337.8 million m^3 by 2050.This result shows that grid interconnections could promote the development of renewable energy and expand the benefits of available water resources. 展开更多
关键词 Power grid INTERCONNECTION Virtual WATER WATER resources ALLOCATION
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Insights into Nano-and Micro-Structured Scaffolds for Advanced Electrochemical Energy Storage 被引量:1
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作者 Jiajia Qiu Yu Duan +4 位作者 Shaoyuan Li Huaping Zhao Wenhui Ma Weidong Shi Yong Lei 《Nano-Micro Letters》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第7期187-230,共44页
Adopting a nano-and micro-structuring approach to fully unleashing the genuine potential of electrode active material benefits in-depth understandings and research progress toward higher energy density electrochemical... Adopting a nano-and micro-structuring approach to fully unleashing the genuine potential of electrode active material benefits in-depth understandings and research progress toward higher energy density electrochemical energy stor-age devices at all technology readiness levels.Due to various challenging issues,especially limited stability,nano-and micro-structured(NMS)electrodes undergo fast electrochemical performance degradation.The emerging NMS scaffold design is a pivotal aspect of many electrodes as it endows them with both robustness and electrochemical performance enhancement,even though it only occupies comple-mentary and facilitating components for the main mechanism.However,extensive efforts are urgently needed toward optimizing the stereoscopic geometrical design of NMS scaffolds to minimize the volume ratio and maximize their functionality to fulfill the ever-increasing dependency and desire for energy power source supplies.This review will aim at highlighting these NMS scaffold design strategies,summariz-ing their corresponding strengths and challenges,and thereby outlining the potential solutions to resolve these challenges,design principles,and key perspectives for future research in this field.Therefore,this review will be one of the earliest reviews from this viewpoint. 展开更多
关键词 Nano-and micro-structured Interconnected porous Scaffolds Electrode design Electrochemical energy storage
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电沉积Mo和Mo-Co合金纳米线用于互联电阻的电阻率改性
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作者 Jun Hwan Moon Taesoon Kim +6 位作者 Youngmin Lee Seunghyun Kim Yanghee Kim Jae-Pyoung Ahn Jungwoo Choi Hyuck Mo Lee Young Keun Kim 《Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第1期127-137,共11页
Achieving historically anticipated improvement in the performance of integrated circuits is challenging,due to the increasing cost and complexity of the required technologies with each new generation.To overcome this ... Achieving historically anticipated improvement in the performance of integrated circuits is challenging,due to the increasing cost and complexity of the required technologies with each new generation.To overcome this limitation,the exploration and development of novel interconnect materials and processes are highly desirable in the microelectronics field.Molybdenum(Mo)is attracting attention as an advanced interconnect material due to its small resistivity size effect and high cohesive energy;however,effective processing methods for such materials have not been widely investigated.Here,we investigate the electrochemical behavior of ions in the confined nanopores that affect the electrical properties and microstructures of nanoscale Mo and Mo-Co alloys prepared via template-assisted electrodeposition.Additives in an electrolyte allow the deposition of extremely pure metal materials,due to their interac-tion with metal ions and nanopores.In this study,boric acid and tetrabutylammonium bisulfate(TBA)were added to an acetate bath to inhibit the hydrogen evolution reaction.TBA accelerated the reduction of Mo at the surface by inducing surface conduction on the nanopores.Metallic Mo nanowires with a 130 nm diameter synthesized through high-aspect-ratio nanopore engineering exhibited a resistivity of(63.0±17.9)μΩcm.We also evaluated the resistivities of Mo-Co alloy nanowires at various compo-sitions toward replacing irreducible conventional barrier/liner layers.An intermetallic compound formed at a Mo composition of 28.6 at%,the resistivity of the Mo-Co nanowire was(58.0±10.6)μΩcm,indicat-ing its superior electrical and adhesive properties in comparison with those of conventional barriers such as TaN and TiN.Furthermore,density functional theory and non-equilibrium Green's function calcula-tions confirmed that the vertical resistance of the via structure constructed from Mo-based materials was 21%lower than that of a conventional Cu/Ta/TaN structure. 展开更多
关键词 MOLYBDENUM Molybdenum-cobalt INTERCONNECT Microstructure ELECTRODEPOSITION Density functional theory
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Efficient PbS quantum dots tandem solar cells through compatible interconnection layer
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作者 Gomaa Mohamed Gomaa Khalaf Xinzhao Zhao +6 位作者 Mingyu Li Chunxia Li Salman Ali Tianjun Ma Hsien-Yi Hsu Jianbin Zhang Haisheng Song 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第11期47-57,共11页
Lead sulfide quantum dots(PbS QDs) hold unique characteristics, including bandgap tunability, solutionprocessability etc., which make them highly applicable in tandem solar cells(TSCs). In all QD TSCs, its efficiency ... Lead sulfide quantum dots(PbS QDs) hold unique characteristics, including bandgap tunability, solutionprocessability etc., which make them highly applicable in tandem solar cells(TSCs). In all QD TSCs, its efficiency lags much behind to their single junction counterparts due to the deficient interconnection layer(ICL) and defective subcells. To improve TSCs performance, we developed three kinds of ICL structures based on 1.34 and 0.96 e V PbS QDs subcells. The control, 1,2-ethanedithiol capped PbS QDs(PbS-EDT)/Au/tin dioxide(SnO_(2))/zinc oxide(Zn O), utilized SnO_(2) layer to obtain high surface compactness.However, its energy level mismatch causes incomplete recombination. Bypassing it, the second ICL(PbS-EDT/Au/Zn O) removed SnO_(2) and boosted the power conversion efficiency(PCE) from 5.75% to 8.69%. In the third ICL(PbS-EDT/poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine](PTAA)/Au/Zn O), a thin layer of PTAA can effectively fill fissures on the surface of PbS-EDT and also protect the front cells from solvent penetration. This TSC obtained a PCE of 9.49% with an open circuit voltage of 0.91 V, a short circuit current density of 15.47 m A/cm~2, and a fill factor of 67.7%. To the best of our knowledge, this was the highest PCE achieved by all PbS QD TSCs reported to date. These TSCs maintained stable performance for a long working time under ambient conditions. 展开更多
关键词 Quantum dots Tandem solar cell Interconnection layer HYSTERESIS DEFECT
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Decentralized Optimal Control and Stabilization of Interconnected Systems With Asymmetric Information
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作者 Na Wang Xiao Liang +1 位作者 Hongdan Li Xiao Lu 《IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica》 SCIE EI CSCD 2024年第3期698-707,共10页
The paper addresses the decentralized optimal control and stabilization problems for interconnected systems subject to asymmetric information.Compared with previous work,a closed-loop optimal solution to the control p... The paper addresses the decentralized optimal control and stabilization problems for interconnected systems subject to asymmetric information.Compared with previous work,a closed-loop optimal solution to the control problem and sufficient and necessary conditions for the stabilization problem of the interconnected systems are given for the first time.The main challenge lies in three aspects:Firstly,the asymmetric information results in coupling between control and estimation and failure of the separation principle.Secondly,two extra unknown variables are generated by asymmetric information(different information filtration)when solving forward-backward stochastic difference equations.Thirdly,the existence of additive noise makes the study of mean-square boundedness an obstacle.The adopted technique is proving and assuming the linear form of controllers and establishing the equivalence between the two systems with and without additive noise.A dual-motor parallel drive system is presented to demonstrate the validity of the proposed algorithm. 展开更多
关键词 Asymmetric information decentralized control forwardbackward stochastic difference equations interconnected system stalibization
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Single-fundamental-mode cryogenic(3.6 K)850-nm oxideconfined VCSEL
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作者 Anjin Liu Chenxi Hao +6 位作者 Jingyu Huo Hailong Han Minglu Wang Bao Tang Lingyun Li Lixing You Wanhua Zheng 《Journal of Semiconductors》 EI CAS CSCD 2024年第10期69-73,共5页
Cryogenic oxide-confined vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser(VCSEL)has promising application in cryogenic optical interconnect for cryogenic computing.In this paper,we demonstrate a cryogenic 850-nm oxide-confined ... Cryogenic oxide-confined vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser(VCSEL)has promising application in cryogenic optical interconnect for cryogenic computing.In this paper,we demonstrate a cryogenic 850-nm oxide-confined VCSEL at around 4 K.The cryogenic VCSEL with an optical oxide aperture of 6.5μm in diameter can operate in single fundamental mode with a side-mode suppression-ratio of 36 dB at 3.6 K,and the fiber-coupled output power reaches 1 mW at 5 mA.The small signal modulation measurements at 298 and 292 K show the fabricated VCSEL has the potential to achieve a high modulation bandwidth at cryogenic temperature. 展开更多
关键词 VCSEL cryogenic temperature cryogenic computing optical interconnect
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Reliability Assessment of a New General Matching Composed Network
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作者 Zhengyuan Liang Junbin Liang Guoxuan Zhong 《China Communications》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第2期245-257,共13页
The reliability of a network is an important indicator for maintaining communication and ensuring its stable operation. Therefore, the assessment of reliability in underlying interconnection networks has become an inc... The reliability of a network is an important indicator for maintaining communication and ensuring its stable operation. Therefore, the assessment of reliability in underlying interconnection networks has become an increasingly important research issue. However, at present, the reliability assessment of many interconnected networks is not yet accurate,which inevitably weakens their fault tolerance and diagnostic capabilities. To improve network reliability,researchers have proposed various methods and strategies for precise assessment. This paper introduces a novel family of interconnection networks called general matching composed networks(gMCNs), which is based on the common characteristics of network topology structure. After analyzing the topological properties of gMCNs, we establish a relationship between super connectivity and conditional diagnosability of gMCNs. Furthermore, we assess the reliability of g MCNs, and determine the conditional diagnosability of many interconnection networks. 展开更多
关键词 conditional diagnosability interconnection networks network reliability super connectivity
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Silicon-based optoelectronic heterogeneous integration for optical interconnection
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作者 李乐良 李贵柯 +5 位作者 张钊 刘剑 吴南健 王开友 祁楠 刘力源 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期1-9,共9页
The performance of optical interconnection has improved dramatically in recent years.Silicon-based optoelectronic heterogeneous integration is the key enabler to achieve high performance optical interconnection,which ... The performance of optical interconnection has improved dramatically in recent years.Silicon-based optoelectronic heterogeneous integration is the key enabler to achieve high performance optical interconnection,which not only provides the optical gain which is absent from native Si substrates and enables complete photonic functionalities on chip,but also improves the system performance through advanced heterogeneous integrated packaging.This paper reviews recent progress of silicon-based optoelectronic heterogeneous integration in high performance optical interconnection.The research status,development trend and application of ultra-low loss optical waveguides,high-speed detectors,high-speed modulators,lasers and 2D,2.5D,3D and monolithic integration are focused on. 展开更多
关键词 silicon-based heterogeneous integration heterogeneous integrated materials heterogeneous integrated packaging optical interconnection
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Efficient Monolithic Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Photovoltaics
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作者 Yong Wang Yu Wang +1 位作者 Feng Gao Deren Yang 《Energy & Environmental Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第3期268-281,共14页
Tunable bandgaps make halide perovskites promising candidates for developing tandem solar cells(TSCs),a strategy to break the radiative limit of 33.7%for single-junction solar cells.Combining perovskites with market-d... Tunable bandgaps make halide perovskites promising candidates for developing tandem solar cells(TSCs),a strategy to break the radiative limit of 33.7%for single-junction solar cells.Combining perovskites with market-dominant crystalline silicon(c-Si)is particularly attractive;simple estimates based on the bandgap matching indicate that the efficiency limit in such tandem device is as high as 46%.However,state-of-the-art perovskite/c-Si TSCs only achieve an efficiency of~32.5%,implying significant challenges and also rich opportunities.In this review,we start with the operating mechanism and efficiency limit of TSCs,followed by systematical discussions on wide-bandgap perovskite front cells,interface selective contacts,and electrical interconnection layer,as well as photon management for highly efficient perovskite/c-Si TSCs.We highlight the challenges in this field and provide our understanding of future research directions toward highly efficient and stable large-scale wide-bandgap perovskite front cells for the commercialization of perovskite/c-Si TSCs. 展开更多
关键词 2-terminal electrical interconnection perovskite/silicon tandem photovoltaics photon management wide-bandgap perovskites
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A Non-parametric Gradient-Based Shape Optimization Approach for Solving Inverse Problems in Directed Self-Assemblyof Block Copolymers
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作者 Daniil Bochkov Frederic Gibou 《Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation》 EI 2024年第2期1472-1489,共18页
We consider the inverse problem of finding guiding pattern shapes that result in desired self-assembly morphologies of block copolymer melts.Specifically,we model polymer selfassembly using the self-consistent field t... We consider the inverse problem of finding guiding pattern shapes that result in desired self-assembly morphologies of block copolymer melts.Specifically,we model polymer selfassembly using the self-consistent field theory and derive,in a non-parametric setting,the sensitivity of the dissimilarity between the desired and the actual morphologies to arbitrary perturbations in the guiding pattern shape.The sensitivity is then used for the optimization of the confining pattern shapes such that the dissimilarity between the desired and the actual morphologies is minimized.The efficiency and robustness of the proposed gradient-based algorithm are demonstrated in a number of examples related to templating vertical interconnect accesses(VIA). 展开更多
关键词 Block copolymers Directed self-assembly Inverse design Shape optimization Vertical interconnect accesses(VIA)
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IoT Smart Devices Risk Assessment Model Using Fuzzy Logic and PSO
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作者 Ashraf S.Mashaleh Noor Farizah Binti Ibrahim +2 位作者 Mohammad Alauthman Mohammad Almseidin Amjad Gawanmeh 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2024年第2期2245-2267,共23页
Increasing Internet of Things(IoT)device connectivity makes botnet attacks more dangerous,carrying catastrophic hazards.As IoT botnets evolve,their dynamic and multifaceted nature hampers conventional detection method... Increasing Internet of Things(IoT)device connectivity makes botnet attacks more dangerous,carrying catastrophic hazards.As IoT botnets evolve,their dynamic and multifaceted nature hampers conventional detection methods.This paper proposes a risk assessment framework based on fuzzy logic and Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)to address the risks associated with IoT botnets.Fuzzy logic addresses IoT threat uncertainties and ambiguities methodically.Fuzzy component settings are optimized using PSO to improve accuracy.The methodology allows for more complex thinking by transitioning from binary to continuous assessment.Instead of expert inputs,PSO data-driven tunes rules and membership functions.This study presents a complete IoT botnet risk assessment system.The methodology helps security teams allocate resources by categorizing threats as high,medium,or low severity.This study shows how CICIoT2023 can assess cyber risks.Our research has implications beyond detection,as it provides a proactive approach to risk management and promotes the development of more secure IoT environments. 展开更多
关键词 IoT botnet detection risk assessment fuzzy logic particle swarm optimization(PSO) CYBERSECURITY interconnected devices
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FPGA Accelerators for Computing Interatomic Potential-Based Molecular Dynamics Simulation for Gold Nanoparticles:Exploring Different Communication Protocols
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作者 Ankitkumar Patel Srivathsan Vasudevan Satya Bulusu 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2024年第9期3803-3818,共16页
Molecular Dynamics(MD)simulation for computing Interatomic Potential(IAP)is a very important High-Performance Computing(HPC)application.MD simulation on particles of experimental relevance takes huge computation time,... Molecular Dynamics(MD)simulation for computing Interatomic Potential(IAP)is a very important High-Performance Computing(HPC)application.MD simulation on particles of experimental relevance takes huge computation time,despite using an expensive high-end server.Heterogeneous computing,a combination of the Field Programmable Gate Array(FPGA)and a computer,is proposed as a solution to compute MD simulation efficiently.In such heterogeneous computation,communication between FPGA and Computer is necessary.One such MD simulation,explained in the paper,is the(Artificial Neural Network)ANN-based IAP computation of gold(Au_(147)&Au_(309))nanoparticles.MD simulation calculates the forces between atoms and the total energy of the chemical system.This work proposes the novel design and implementation of an ANN IAP-based MD simulation for Au_(147)&Au_(309) using communication protocols,such as Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter(UART)and Ethernet,for communication between the FPGA and the host computer.To improve the latency of MD simulation through heterogeneous computing,Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter(UART)and Ethernet communication protocols were explored to conduct MD simulation of 50,000 cycles.In this study,computation times of 17.54 and 18.70 h were achieved with UART and Ethernet,respectively,compared to the conventional server time of 29 h for Au_(147) nanoparticles.The results pave the way for the development of a Lab-on-a-chip application. 展开更多
关键词 Ethernet hardware accelerator heterogeneous computing interatomic potential(IAP) MDsimulation peripheral component interconnect express(PCIe) UART
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Research on Scheduling Strategy of Flexible Interconnection Distribution Network Considering Distributed Photovoltaic and Hydrogen Energy Storage
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作者 Yang Li Jianjun Zhao +2 位作者 Xiaolong Yang He Wang Yuyan Wang 《Energy Engineering》 EI 2024年第5期1263-1289,共27页
Distributed photovoltaic(PV)is one of the important power sources for building a new power system with new energy as the main body.The rapid development of distributed PV has brought new challenges to the operation of... Distributed photovoltaic(PV)is one of the important power sources for building a new power system with new energy as the main body.The rapid development of distributed PV has brought new challenges to the operation of distribution networks.In order to improve the absorption ability of large-scale distributed PV access to the distribution network,the AC/DC hybrid distribution network is constructed based on flexible interconnection technology,and a coordinated scheduling strategy model of hydrogen energy storage(HS)and distributed PV is established.Firstly,the mathematical model of distributed PV and HS system is established,and a comprehensive energy storage system combining seasonal hydrogen energy storage(SHS)and battery(BT)is proposed.Then,a flexible interconnected distribution network scheduling optimization model is established to minimize the total active power loss,voltage deviation and system operating cost.Finally,simulation analysis is carried out on the improved IEEE33 node,the NSGA-II algorithm is used to solve specific examples,and the optimal scheduling results of the comprehensive economy and power quality of the distribution network are obtained.Compared with the method that does not consider HS and flexible interconnection technology,the network loss and voltage deviation of this method are lower,and the total system cost can be reduced by 3.55%,which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method. 展开更多
关键词 Seasonal hydrogen storage flexible interconnection AC/DC distribution network photovoltaic absorption scheduling strategy
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Distribution Line Longitudinal ProtectionMethod Based on Virtual Measurement Current Restraint
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作者 WeiWang Yang Yu +3 位作者 Simin Luo Wenlin Liu Wei Tang Yuanbo Ye 《Energy Engineering》 EI 2024年第2期315-337,共23页
As an effective approach to achieve the“dual-carbon”goal,the grid-connected capacity of renewable energy increases constantly.Photovoltaics are the most widely used renewable energy sources and have been applied on ... As an effective approach to achieve the“dual-carbon”goal,the grid-connected capacity of renewable energy increases constantly.Photovoltaics are the most widely used renewable energy sources and have been applied on various occasions.However,the inherent randomness,intermittency,and weak support of grid-connected equipment not only cause changes in the original flow characteristics of the grid but also result in complex fault characteristics.Traditional overcurrent and differential protection methods cannot respond accurately due to the effects of unknown renewable energy sources.Therefore,a longitudinal protection method based on virtual measurement of current restraint is proposed in this paper.The positive sequence current data and the network parameters are used to calculate the virtual measurement current which compensates for the output current of photovoltaic(PV).The waveform difference between the virtual measured current and the terminal current for internal and external faults is used to construct the protection method.An improved edit distance algorithm is proposed to measure the similarity between virtual measurement current and terminal measurement current.Finally,the feasibility of the protection method is verified through PSCAD simulation. 展开更多
关键词 Photovoltaic interconnection distribution network longitudinal protection method edit distance algorithm
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Unraveling the efficiency losses and improving methods in quantum dot-based infrared up-conversion photodetectors
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作者 Jiao Jiao Liu Xinxin Yang +3 位作者 Qiulei Xu Ruiguang Chang Zhenghui Wu Huaibin Shen 《Opto-Electronic Science》 2024年第4期1-11,共11页
Quantum dot-based up-conversion photodetector,in which an infrared photodiode(PD)and a quantum dot light-emitting diode(QLED)are back-to-back connected,is a promising candidate for low-cost infrared imaging.However,th... Quantum dot-based up-conversion photodetector,in which an infrared photodiode(PD)and a quantum dot light-emitting diode(QLED)are back-to-back connected,is a promising candidate for low-cost infrared imaging.However,the huge efficiency losses caused by integrating the PD and QLED together hasn’t been studied sufficiently.This work revealed at least three origins for the efficiency losses.First,the PD unit and QLED unit usually didn’t work under optimal conditions at the same time.Second,the potential barriers and traps at the interconnection between PD and QLED units induced unfavorable carrier recombination.Third,much emitted visible light was lost due to the strong visible absorption in the PD unit.Based on the understandings on the loss mechanisms,the infrared up-conversion photodetectors were optimized and achieved a breakthrough photon-to-photon conversion efficiency of 6.9%.This study provided valuable guidance on how to optimize the way of integration for up-conversion photodetectors. 展开更多
关键词 infrared colloidal quantum dots up-conversion photodetector integration loss INTERCONNECTION voltage allocation
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