Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, erosive and deforming inflammatory rheumatic disease. In the era of biotherapies and the arrival of biosimilars in sub-Saharan Africa, the objective of this study ...Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, erosive and deforming inflammatory rheumatic disease. In the era of biotherapies and the arrival of biosimilars in sub-Saharan Africa, the objective of this study was to describe plasma IL-6 variations in RA patients at Cité Verte District Hospital (Cameroon). Material and Methods: Descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study from December 1, 2021 to May 31, 2022. We included patients over 18 years old suffering from RA (ACR/EULAR 2010). Patients with an infection were not included. The data collected were age, sex, smoking status, family history, disease duration, disease activity by DAS28, CRP, rheumatoid factor, and plasma level of IL-6. Bone erosion was sought on radiography and ultrasound. Result: We included 31 patients, 25 of whom were women (80.6%). The mean age was 47.27 ± 17.97 years. Disease activity was predominantly moderate (32.3%) and severe (32.3%). Mean IL-6 level was 15.29 ± 2.36 pg/ml (extremes: 11.26 pg/ml and 20.15 pg/ml). IL-6 levels were higher in patients with a history of smoking. Similarly, IL-6 levels were higher in patients with mildly active RA in remission than in moderately and severely active RA. Mean IL-6 levels were significantly higher in patients with erosive RA (16.3 pg/ml VS 14.6 pg/ml). Conclusion: IL-6 levels were significantly elevated in men, weaned smokers and patients with bone erosions.展开更多
AIM:To characterise expression of interleukin 6(IL-6),a potent proinflammatory cytokine,in the occurrence and development of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) and investigate its effect on neuroimmunomodulation and immu...AIM:To characterise expression of interleukin 6(IL-6),a potent proinflammatory cytokine,in the occurrence and development of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) and investigate its effect on neuroimmunomodulation and immune homeostasis regulation.METHODS:In this study,rats with colitis induced by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid(TNBS) were sacrificed on days 3,7,14,21 and 28 after induction.In the controls,the TNBS was just replaced by equivalent amount of phosphate buffered solution(PBS,0.01 mol/L).IL-6 mRNA expression in brain and colon tissues in each phase was evaluated by real-time reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction,and cellular localisation and protein level of IL-6 was determined by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS:At day 7,mRNA expression of IL-6 was significantly higher in the colon and brain of IBD rats than that of the controls.The protein level was also significantly higher in colon,hypothalamus and cerebral cortex of IBD rats compared with the controls.So there are similar temporal trends in IL-6 mRNA expression and protein levels in all positions with a persistent increase to a peak at day 7,followed by a decline and gradual return to normal levels.CONCLUSION:These results revealed that changes in IL-6 expression in brain and colon tissues occur in different phases of IBD.Therefore,we propose that the nerve centre regulates and controls the occurrence and development of IBD via IL-6.展开更多
Background: Recent studies indicate a strong functional relevance of the canonical inflammatory interleukin 6 signaling pathway in coronary artery disease (CAD). A genetic association of this signaling pathway with CA...Background: Recent studies indicate a strong functional relevance of the canonical inflammatory interleukin 6 signaling pathway in coronary artery disease (CAD). A genetic association of this signaling pathway with CAD has not been shown yet. We aimed to assess novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from genes of the Interleukin 6 signaling pathway. Results: To identify novel SNPs that are relevant for CAD, we employed a large-scale population-based case-control association study of 2199 cases and 1715 controls and assessed 73 SNPs from 12 genes out of the IL-6 signaling pathway. Results were adjusted to the CAD-related risk factors diabetes, hypertension, Body Mass Index, smoking and sex by logistic regression analysis. In a primary explorative study, we identified 5 SNPs that were significantly associated with CAD (MAPK1_rs6928, MAPK1_rs9340, MAPK1_ rs11913721, MAPK14_rs7757672, JAK1_rs310236). After adjustment to CAD-risk factors, MAPK1_ rs6928 showed the strongest association with CAD (P 0.0217, Odds Ratio 1.36, Confidence Interval 1.05 - 1.77). To reproduce this result, we performed a replication study employing independent patient and control panels. In this study we could not approve the association of rs6928 with CAD. Conclusion: In conclusion, we did not detect significant associations of SNPs from the IL-6 signaling pathway with CAD. Our investigation demonstrates the importance of independent replication studies to verify results from candidate-gene association studies in the quest to discover the underlying pathomechanism of CAD.展开更多
Objective To investigate the effect of IL-6 on prostatic carcinoma cell lines, and differential effects on androgen-dependent and androgen-independent prostatic carcinoma cells. Methods The IL-6 producing capacities o...Objective To investigate the effect of IL-6 on prostatic carcinoma cell lines, and differential effects on androgen-dependent and androgen-independent prostatic carcinoma cells. Methods The IL-6 producing capacities of LNCaP and PC-3 cells were determined, and effects of exogenous IL-6 and anti-IL - 6 antibodies on LNCaP and PC - 3 cells were examined. Results LNCaP produced a very small amount of IL-6, but PC-3 produced more, the concentraion of IL-6 being 190 pg/48 h per ml(1 × 106). The exogenous IL-6 inhibited LNCaP growth significantly,but had no obvious effect on PC -3 cells. Anti-IL-6 antibodies lowered PC-3 cells growth rate but had neutral effect on LNCaP. Conclusion PC-3 cells produces IL-6 massively in autocrine manner. IL-6 could be antagonized by anti-IL-6 antibodies,resulting in slowing PC-3 cells growth, and LNCaP cells growth could be inhibited by exogenous IL-6.7 refs,2 tabs.展开更多
Objective: To explore the source cells of interleukin-6 (IL-6) among bone marrow cells in multiplemyeloma (MM). Methods: Expressions of IL-6 in bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) were detected using double labeled...Objective: To explore the source cells of interleukin-6 (IL-6) among bone marrow cells in multiplemyeloma (MM). Methods: Expressions of IL-6 in bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) were detected using double labeled immunofluorometry, and the IL-6 activities in the supernatants of co-culture system of myelomacell line KM3 and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) were measured using B9 cell proliferation test. ResultS: IL6 molecules were expressed not only in cytoplasndc γ-globin positive cell but also in type I collagen or von Willebrand Factor(vwr)positive cells. After fixation, both myeloma cells and BMSCs hardly secreted IL-6. IncreasedIL-6 activities were found in the supernatants after co-culture of unfixed my8loma cell line KM3 and fixed BMSCsor of fixed KM3 cells and unfixed BMSCs. Furthermore, BMSCs from MM patients induced KM3 cells to secretsignificantly more IL-6 in the supernatants than in BMSCs did controls (P<0. 01). Couclusiou: Both the BMSCsand myeloma cells secret IL-6 simultaneously in MM. Their interaction with each other promotes IL-6 over production. Both autocrine and paracrine mechanisms of IL-6 dysregulated expression are involved in the pathogenesisof MM.展开更多
Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the levels of Y-box binding protein 1 (YBX-1) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in the sera of metastatic and non-metastatic breast cancer patients (BC), investigate their clinic...Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the levels of Y-box binding protein 1 (YBX-1) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in the sera of metastatic and non-metastatic breast cancer patients (BC), investigate their clinicopathological significance and to analyze their potential use as biomarkers of breast cancer metastasis. Methods: The study included ninety subjects sub-grouped equally into metastatic BC, non-metastatic BC and healthy volunteers. Serum YBX-1 and IL-6 were quantified using ELISA technique while CA 15-3 was quantified using IRMA kit. Clinical data were collected from patients’ records. Results: YBX-1 (p < 0.001), IL-6 (p < 0.001) and CA15-3 (p = 0.017, 0.001) were significantly elevated in metastatic and non-metastatic BC patients compared to healthy controls, however, only YBX-1 (p 0.001) showed a significant difference with cancer metastasis. Generally, YBX-1 and IL-6 were correlated with worse histological grade and late clinical stage in breast cancer patients and they were also associated with axillary lymph nodes involvement and positive vascular invasion in metastatic BC patients. Serum YBX-1 and IL-6 levels were positively correlated to each other (rs = 0.615, p < 0.001) and they showed high sensitivity and specificity compared to CA 15-3 (p < 0.001 and p = 0.004 for YBX-1 and IL-6 respectively) for predicting cancer metastasis. Conclusions: Serum YBX-1 and IL-6 are potential biomarkers of breast cancer patients with significant correlation with bad clinicopathological characteristics. Serum YBX-1 and IL-6 have superior sensitivity and specificity compared to CA15-3 and can serve as potential follow up and prognostic markers.展开更多
In this study, serum concentrations of carboxyterminal propeptide of type Ⅰ collagen(PICP) and carboxyterminal cross-linked telopeptide of type Ⅰ collagen (ICTP), which represent the rates of synthesis and degradati...In this study, serum concentrations of carboxyterminal propeptide of type Ⅰ collagen(PICP) and carboxyterminal cross-linked telopeptide of type Ⅰ collagen (ICTP), which represent the rates of synthesis and degradation of type Ⅰ collagen, were determined by radioimmunoassay in 56 patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and 22 healthy controls. It was discovered that serum concentrations of both PICP and ICTP were higher in MM than those in healthy controls (P<0. 01 ). With the disease progressing and the number of bone lesions increasing,serum concentration of ICTP elevated while serum concentration of PICP showed no significant change. Neither serum PICP nor ICTP concentration was related to M-component classes. Our results indicated that serum ICTP concentration was a good serological marker to reflect severity of bone lesions in MM and elevated serum PICP concentration might be due to compensatory increase in type Ⅰ collagen synthesis. Moreover, we also found that serum ICTP concentrations in MM correlated with serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) activities (r= 0. 610, P< 0. 01),which confirms the effectiveness of IL-6 as an osteoclast activating factor.展开更多
BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis(AP)is an inflammatory disease,which presents with epigastric pain and is clinically diagnosed by amylase and lipase three times the upper limit of normal.The 2012 Atlanta classification s...BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis(AP)is an inflammatory disease,which presents with epigastric pain and is clinically diagnosed by amylase and lipase three times the upper limit of normal.The 2012 Atlanta classification stratifies the severity of AP as one of three risk categories namely,mild AP(MAP),moderately severe AP(MSAP),and severe AP(SAP).Challenges in stratifying AP upon diagnosis suggest that a better understanding of the underlying complex pathophysiology may be beneficial.AIM To identify the role of the chemokine receptor 8(CCR8),expressed by T-helper type-2 Lymphocytes and peritoneal macrophages,and its possible association to Interleukin(IL)-6 and AP stratification.METHODS This study was a prospective case-control study.A total of 40 patients were recruited from the Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital and the Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital.Bioassays were performed on 29 patients(14 MAP,11 MSAP,and 4 SAP)and 6 healthy controls as part of a preliminary study.A total of 12 mL of blood samples were collected at Day(D)1,3,5,and 7 post epigastric pain.Using multiplex immunoassay panels,real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)arrays,and multicolour flow cytometry analysis,immune response-related proteins,genes,and cells were profiled respectively.GraphPad Prism^(TM) software and fold change(FC)analysis was used to determine differences between the groups.P<0.05 was considered significant.RESULTS The concentration of IL-6 was significantly different at D3 post epigastric pain in both the MAP group and MSAP group with P=0.001 and P=0.013 respectively,in a multiplex assay.When a FC of 2 was applied to identify differentially expressed genes using RT2 Profiler,CCR8 was shown to increase steadily with disease severity from MAP(1.33),MSAP(38.28)to SAP(1172.45)median FC.Further verification studies using RT-PCR showed fold change increases of CCR8 in MSAP and SAP ranging from 1000 to 1000000 times when represented as Log10,compared to healthy control respectively at D3.The findings also showed differing lymphocyte and monocyte cell frequency between the groups.With monocyte population frequency as high as 70%in MSAP at D3.CONCLUSION The higher levels of CCR8 and IL-6 in the severe patients and immune cell differences compared to MAP and controls provide an avenue for exploring AP stratification to improve management.展开更多
Objective To clarify the mechanism and provide the basis for prevention and treatme nt of the early injuries of kidney after severe burn in rats.We observed the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1and inter...Objective To clarify the mechanism and provide the basis for prevention and treatme nt of the early injuries of kidney after severe burn in rats.We observed the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1and interleukin 6and the early p athological changes in different time.Method Early pathological changes in the kidney were observed by LM and EM.The ex pression of ICAM-1were observed by i mmunohis-tochemistry,in situ hybridization.The expression of IL-6was also obse rved.Result From 5min to 72h after burn,the early changes in the kidney included edema,hemorrhage,and congestion,injury of capillary epithelium cells.2ICAM-1and IL-6w ere higher in the kidney 30min after burn,and from 2h to 24h,they we re strongest positive,but on 72h,th ey were negative.Conclusion ICAM-1and IL-6may play important roles in mechanisms of kid ney injury,and the major target cell s may be the endothelium cells.展开更多
Objective: To determine the effect of flurbiprofen combined with prednisolone on interleukin-6 in elderly surgery patients. Methods: In this double-blind randomized controlled study, patients aged 65 to 80 who we...Objective: To determine the effect of flurbiprofen combined with prednisolone on interleukin-6 in elderly surgery patients. Methods: In this double-blind randomized controlled study, patients aged 65 to 80 who were undergoing spinal fusion surgery for disc herniation were administered flurbiprofen 100 mg (P group, flurbiprofen group), prednisolone 0.6 mg/kg (D group, prednisolone group), prednisolone 0.6 mg/kg plus flurbiprofen 100 mg (P + D group, flurbiprofen + prednisolone group) or normal saline (S group, saline group) 15 minutes before the induction of anesthesia. Plasma samples were collected before surgery (T0) and on day 1 (T1), day 2 (T2) and day 3 (T3) following surgery. At the same time, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) was assessed by SIRS criteria. The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and C-reactive protein (CRP) for collected samples were measured. Results: Other groups had significantly lower levels of IL-6, CRP and occurrence of SIRS than S group (p < 0.05). Compared to groups P and D, the levels of IL-6 and CRP in P + D group were significantly lower on T1 (p < 0.05). Peak levels of IL-6 in all groups were presented on T1 (p 0.05). The levels of CRP within three days were significantly different but did not show peak levels (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Compared to prednisolone or flurbiprofen, combining flurbiprofen with prednisolone in elderly surgery patients led to an increased suppression of IL-6.展开更多
文摘Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, erosive and deforming inflammatory rheumatic disease. In the era of biotherapies and the arrival of biosimilars in sub-Saharan Africa, the objective of this study was to describe plasma IL-6 variations in RA patients at Cité Verte District Hospital (Cameroon). Material and Methods: Descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study from December 1, 2021 to May 31, 2022. We included patients over 18 years old suffering from RA (ACR/EULAR 2010). Patients with an infection were not included. The data collected were age, sex, smoking status, family history, disease duration, disease activity by DAS28, CRP, rheumatoid factor, and plasma level of IL-6. Bone erosion was sought on radiography and ultrasound. Result: We included 31 patients, 25 of whom were women (80.6%). The mean age was 47.27 ± 17.97 years. Disease activity was predominantly moderate (32.3%) and severe (32.3%). Mean IL-6 level was 15.29 ± 2.36 pg/ml (extremes: 11.26 pg/ml and 20.15 pg/ml). IL-6 levels were higher in patients with a history of smoking. Similarly, IL-6 levels were higher in patients with mildly active RA in remission than in moderately and severely active RA. Mean IL-6 levels were significantly higher in patients with erosive RA (16.3 pg/ml VS 14.6 pg/ml). Conclusion: IL-6 levels were significantly elevated in men, weaned smokers and patients with bone erosions.
基金Supported by The grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No 30871840No 30901057
文摘AIM:To characterise expression of interleukin 6(IL-6),a potent proinflammatory cytokine,in the occurrence and development of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) and investigate its effect on neuroimmunomodulation and immune homeostasis regulation.METHODS:In this study,rats with colitis induced by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid(TNBS) were sacrificed on days 3,7,14,21 and 28 after induction.In the controls,the TNBS was just replaced by equivalent amount of phosphate buffered solution(PBS,0.01 mol/L).IL-6 mRNA expression in brain and colon tissues in each phase was evaluated by real-time reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction,and cellular localisation and protein level of IL-6 was determined by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS:At day 7,mRNA expression of IL-6 was significantly higher in the colon and brain of IBD rats than that of the controls.The protein level was also significantly higher in colon,hypothalamus and cerebral cortex of IBD rats compared with the controls.So there are similar temporal trends in IL-6 mRNA expression and protein levels in all positions with a persistent increase to a peak at day 7,followed by a decline and gradual return to normal levels.CONCLUSION:These results revealed that changes in IL-6 expression in brain and colon tissues occur in different phases of IBD.Therefore,we propose that the nerve centre regulates and controls the occurrence and development of IBD via IL-6.
基金supported by a research grant of the“Research Center Inflammation Medicine”of the Medical Faculty,Christian-Albrechts-University,University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein,Campus Kiel,(Arne S.Schaefer)and of the German Ministry of Education and Research through the POPGEN biobank project(01GR0468).
文摘Background: Recent studies indicate a strong functional relevance of the canonical inflammatory interleukin 6 signaling pathway in coronary artery disease (CAD). A genetic association of this signaling pathway with CAD has not been shown yet. We aimed to assess novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from genes of the Interleukin 6 signaling pathway. Results: To identify novel SNPs that are relevant for CAD, we employed a large-scale population-based case-control association study of 2199 cases and 1715 controls and assessed 73 SNPs from 12 genes out of the IL-6 signaling pathway. Results were adjusted to the CAD-related risk factors diabetes, hypertension, Body Mass Index, smoking and sex by logistic regression analysis. In a primary explorative study, we identified 5 SNPs that were significantly associated with CAD (MAPK1_rs6928, MAPK1_rs9340, MAPK1_ rs11913721, MAPK14_rs7757672, JAK1_rs310236). After adjustment to CAD-risk factors, MAPK1_ rs6928 showed the strongest association with CAD (P 0.0217, Odds Ratio 1.36, Confidence Interval 1.05 - 1.77). To reproduce this result, we performed a replication study employing independent patient and control panels. In this study we could not approve the association of rs6928 with CAD. Conclusion: In conclusion, we did not detect significant associations of SNPs from the IL-6 signaling pathway with CAD. Our investigation demonstrates the importance of independent replication studies to verify results from candidate-gene association studies in the quest to discover the underlying pathomechanism of CAD.
文摘Objective To investigate the effect of IL-6 on prostatic carcinoma cell lines, and differential effects on androgen-dependent and androgen-independent prostatic carcinoma cells. Methods The IL-6 producing capacities of LNCaP and PC-3 cells were determined, and effects of exogenous IL-6 and anti-IL - 6 antibodies on LNCaP and PC - 3 cells were examined. Results LNCaP produced a very small amount of IL-6, but PC-3 produced more, the concentraion of IL-6 being 190 pg/48 h per ml(1 × 106). The exogenous IL-6 inhibited LNCaP growth significantly,but had no obvious effect on PC -3 cells. Anti-IL-6 antibodies lowered PC-3 cells growth rate but had neutral effect on LNCaP. Conclusion PC-3 cells produces IL-6 massively in autocrine manner. IL-6 could be antagonized by anti-IL-6 antibodies,resulting in slowing PC-3 cells growth, and LNCaP cells growth could be inhibited by exogenous IL-6.7 refs,2 tabs.
文摘Objective: To explore the source cells of interleukin-6 (IL-6) among bone marrow cells in multiplemyeloma (MM). Methods: Expressions of IL-6 in bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) were detected using double labeled immunofluorometry, and the IL-6 activities in the supernatants of co-culture system of myelomacell line KM3 and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) were measured using B9 cell proliferation test. ResultS: IL6 molecules were expressed not only in cytoplasndc γ-globin positive cell but also in type I collagen or von Willebrand Factor(vwr)positive cells. After fixation, both myeloma cells and BMSCs hardly secreted IL-6. IncreasedIL-6 activities were found in the supernatants after co-culture of unfixed my8loma cell line KM3 and fixed BMSCsor of fixed KM3 cells and unfixed BMSCs. Furthermore, BMSCs from MM patients induced KM3 cells to secretsignificantly more IL-6 in the supernatants than in BMSCs did controls (P<0. 01). Couclusiou: Both the BMSCsand myeloma cells secret IL-6 simultaneously in MM. Their interaction with each other promotes IL-6 over production. Both autocrine and paracrine mechanisms of IL-6 dysregulated expression are involved in the pathogenesisof MM.
文摘Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the levels of Y-box binding protein 1 (YBX-1) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in the sera of metastatic and non-metastatic breast cancer patients (BC), investigate their clinicopathological significance and to analyze their potential use as biomarkers of breast cancer metastasis. Methods: The study included ninety subjects sub-grouped equally into metastatic BC, non-metastatic BC and healthy volunteers. Serum YBX-1 and IL-6 were quantified using ELISA technique while CA 15-3 was quantified using IRMA kit. Clinical data were collected from patients’ records. Results: YBX-1 (p < 0.001), IL-6 (p < 0.001) and CA15-3 (p = 0.017, 0.001) were significantly elevated in metastatic and non-metastatic BC patients compared to healthy controls, however, only YBX-1 (p 0.001) showed a significant difference with cancer metastasis. Generally, YBX-1 and IL-6 were correlated with worse histological grade and late clinical stage in breast cancer patients and they were also associated with axillary lymph nodes involvement and positive vascular invasion in metastatic BC patients. Serum YBX-1 and IL-6 levels were positively correlated to each other (rs = 0.615, p < 0.001) and they showed high sensitivity and specificity compared to CA 15-3 (p < 0.001 and p = 0.004 for YBX-1 and IL-6 respectively) for predicting cancer metastasis. Conclusions: Serum YBX-1 and IL-6 are potential biomarkers of breast cancer patients with significant correlation with bad clinicopathological characteristics. Serum YBX-1 and IL-6 have superior sensitivity and specificity compared to CA15-3 and can serve as potential follow up and prognostic markers.
文摘In this study, serum concentrations of carboxyterminal propeptide of type Ⅰ collagen(PICP) and carboxyterminal cross-linked telopeptide of type Ⅰ collagen (ICTP), which represent the rates of synthesis and degradation of type Ⅰ collagen, were determined by radioimmunoassay in 56 patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and 22 healthy controls. It was discovered that serum concentrations of both PICP and ICTP were higher in MM than those in healthy controls (P<0. 01 ). With the disease progressing and the number of bone lesions increasing,serum concentration of ICTP elevated while serum concentration of PICP showed no significant change. Neither serum PICP nor ICTP concentration was related to M-component classes. Our results indicated that serum ICTP concentration was a good serological marker to reflect severity of bone lesions in MM and elevated serum PICP concentration might be due to compensatory increase in type Ⅰ collagen synthesis. Moreover, we also found that serum ICTP concentrations in MM correlated with serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) activities (r= 0. 610, P< 0. 01),which confirms the effectiveness of IL-6 as an osteoclast activating factor.
基金Supported by the South African National Research Foundation,No.121277the University of the Witwatersrand Individual Research,No.001283844110151211055142the Faculty of Health Sciences,University of the Witwatersrand Seed Funding,No.0012518441101512110500000000000000004550.
文摘BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis(AP)is an inflammatory disease,which presents with epigastric pain and is clinically diagnosed by amylase and lipase three times the upper limit of normal.The 2012 Atlanta classification stratifies the severity of AP as one of three risk categories namely,mild AP(MAP),moderately severe AP(MSAP),and severe AP(SAP).Challenges in stratifying AP upon diagnosis suggest that a better understanding of the underlying complex pathophysiology may be beneficial.AIM To identify the role of the chemokine receptor 8(CCR8),expressed by T-helper type-2 Lymphocytes and peritoneal macrophages,and its possible association to Interleukin(IL)-6 and AP stratification.METHODS This study was a prospective case-control study.A total of 40 patients were recruited from the Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital and the Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital.Bioassays were performed on 29 patients(14 MAP,11 MSAP,and 4 SAP)and 6 healthy controls as part of a preliminary study.A total of 12 mL of blood samples were collected at Day(D)1,3,5,and 7 post epigastric pain.Using multiplex immunoassay panels,real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)arrays,and multicolour flow cytometry analysis,immune response-related proteins,genes,and cells were profiled respectively.GraphPad Prism^(TM) software and fold change(FC)analysis was used to determine differences between the groups.P<0.05 was considered significant.RESULTS The concentration of IL-6 was significantly different at D3 post epigastric pain in both the MAP group and MSAP group with P=0.001 and P=0.013 respectively,in a multiplex assay.When a FC of 2 was applied to identify differentially expressed genes using RT2 Profiler,CCR8 was shown to increase steadily with disease severity from MAP(1.33),MSAP(38.28)to SAP(1172.45)median FC.Further verification studies using RT-PCR showed fold change increases of CCR8 in MSAP and SAP ranging from 1000 to 1000000 times when represented as Log10,compared to healthy control respectively at D3.The findings also showed differing lymphocyte and monocyte cell frequency between the groups.With monocyte population frequency as high as 70%in MSAP at D3.CONCLUSION The higher levels of CCR8 and IL-6 in the severe patients and immune cell differences compared to MAP and controls provide an avenue for exploring AP stratification to improve management.
文摘Objective To clarify the mechanism and provide the basis for prevention and treatme nt of the early injuries of kidney after severe burn in rats.We observed the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1and interleukin 6and the early p athological changes in different time.Method Early pathological changes in the kidney were observed by LM and EM.The ex pression of ICAM-1were observed by i mmunohis-tochemistry,in situ hybridization.The expression of IL-6was also obse rved.Result From 5min to 72h after burn,the early changes in the kidney included edema,hemorrhage,and congestion,injury of capillary epithelium cells.2ICAM-1and IL-6w ere higher in the kidney 30min after burn,and from 2h to 24h,they we re strongest positive,but on 72h,th ey were negative.Conclusion ICAM-1and IL-6may play important roles in mechanisms of kid ney injury,and the major target cell s may be the endothelium cells.
文摘Objective: To determine the effect of flurbiprofen combined with prednisolone on interleukin-6 in elderly surgery patients. Methods: In this double-blind randomized controlled study, patients aged 65 to 80 who were undergoing spinal fusion surgery for disc herniation were administered flurbiprofen 100 mg (P group, flurbiprofen group), prednisolone 0.6 mg/kg (D group, prednisolone group), prednisolone 0.6 mg/kg plus flurbiprofen 100 mg (P + D group, flurbiprofen + prednisolone group) or normal saline (S group, saline group) 15 minutes before the induction of anesthesia. Plasma samples were collected before surgery (T0) and on day 1 (T1), day 2 (T2) and day 3 (T3) following surgery. At the same time, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) was assessed by SIRS criteria. The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and C-reactive protein (CRP) for collected samples were measured. Results: Other groups had significantly lower levels of IL-6, CRP and occurrence of SIRS than S group (p < 0.05). Compared to groups P and D, the levels of IL-6 and CRP in P + D group were significantly lower on T1 (p < 0.05). Peak levels of IL-6 in all groups were presented on T1 (p 0.05). The levels of CRP within three days were significantly different but did not show peak levels (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Compared to prednisolone or flurbiprofen, combining flurbiprofen with prednisolone in elderly surgery patients led to an increased suppression of IL-6.
文摘胎儿生长受限(fetal growth restriction,FGR)是一种常见的产科疾病,其可导致新生儿低出生体质量和出生后肌肉量减少。这可能与肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)和白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)的调控密切相关。研究发现,这两种炎症因子在FGR胎儿中表达水平异常,可通过影响成肌细胞的增殖和分化,干扰正常骨骼肌的发育。此外,TNF-α与IL-6还可以激活特定的信号通路,如核因子κB(nuclear factor-κB,NF-κB)、Janus激酶/信号转导及转录活化因子(Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription,JAK/STAT)、丝裂原激活的蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinase,MAPK)等信号通路,调节肌细胞的代谢和功能。如使用特定的抗炎药物或生物制剂来降低TNF-α和IL-6的活性,可能有助于改善FGR胎儿的骨骼肌发育。总的来说,TNF-α和IL-6在FGR胎儿骨骼肌发育中的作用是一个多层面、复杂的过程,需要进一步的深入研究来阐明其具体机制,帮助理解FGR的病理生理学,并为治疗FGR胎儿提供新的思路。
