Background:The number of papers published in the field of nursing practice has greatly increased in recent years in China's Mainland,yet the quality of these papers is highly variable.There has been no attempt to ...Background:The number of papers published in the field of nursing practice has greatly increased in recent years in China's Mainland,yet the quality of these papers is highly variable.There has been no attempt to comprehensively estimate the overall quantity and quality of these papers.Objectives:To systematically retrieve nursing intervention studies published in simplified Chinese from 1979 to 2012,critically appraise their quality,and provide suggestions for future development.Methods:All of the papers were retrieved from China Biology Medicine disc database.The preliminary screening of retrieved publications was performed prior to conducting a rigorous quality evaluation of the remaining publications.10 characteristics would be included in consideration in quality evaluations.Results:69,150 papers were retrieved according to searching strategy.7391 of them were included after preliminary screening and appraised critically.Among the 10 characteristics considered in quality evaluations,the lowest ratings were observed for the factors of“utilisation of blind method”(13 articles),“description of loss of follow-up”(499 articles),“appropriate calculation of sample size”(511 articles)and“randomised assignment of patients to treatments”(652 articles).Conclusions:Chinese papers published in the field of nursing practice have increased over time,but improvements remain needed to ensure that thorough studies with high-quality research methodologies are being performed.Future nursing researchers should not only improve the design of their intervention studies but also clearly describe the methodology they used,especially in group randomisation,blinded research designs,and estimations of required sample sizes.展开更多
BACKGROUND Older adults have been considered a primary at-risk population during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,and many efforts have been and still are directed toward supporting them and enhancing th...BACKGROUND Older adults have been considered a primary at-risk population during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,and many efforts have been and still are directed toward supporting them and enhancing their capacity to cope with the pandemic.Evidence shows that by enhancing proactive coping abilities through psychological interventions,in which cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness techniques are taught and practiced effectively,these interventions have supported older adults throughout the pandemic.However,the underlying mechanisms by which specific intervention components affect various mental states such as distress,depression and loneliness among older adults remain unclear and warrant investigation.AIM To determine the effect of an intervention using cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness techniques on changes in distress,depression and loneliness.METHODS We performed a secondary analysis on data from a previous study in which community-dwelling older adults attended a short-term,internet-based intervention during the first COVID-19 wave in Israel.The intervention included seven sessions during which various cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness techniques were learned and practiced.In-session changes in psychological distress were measured using the Subjective Units of Distress Scale(SUDS),which participants rated at the beginning and end of each session.Participants also filled out questionnaires that evaluated levels of depression[Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ-9)]and loneliness(UCLA loneliness Scale)prior to and after the entire intervention process.The effect of in-session changes in the SUDS on changes in post-intervention depression and loneliness levels were assessed,as a proxy for distinct technique effectiveness.RESULTS The findings indicated in-session differences in terms of a decrease in psychological distress(SUDS).Sessions that included relaxation exercises and guided imagery,as well as sessions that included cognitive restructuring and mindfulness meditation,demonstrated the largest decreases in in-session psychological distress(≥35%).Two multivariate regression models,one for levels of post-intervention depression(PHQ-9 score)and the other for levels of post-intervention loneliness(UCLA loneliness score),were fitted.The results revealed two statistically significant explanatory variables for depression:The SUDS difference for sessions in which cognitive restructuring and mindfulness meditation were practiced,beta=-0.25,95%CI:-1.23 to-0.1,and the pre-intervention level of depression,beta=0.62,95%CI:0.37-0.75.The second model for loneliness revealed only one significant explanatory variable:The SUDS difference for sessions in which relaxation and guided imagery were practiced,beta=0.41,95%CI:0.14-0.65.CONCLUSION Different psychological techniques seem to have different effects on distress,loneliness and depression.Understanding the pathways by which distinct techniques affect negative mental symptoms has implications for future intervention design.展开更多
Methodological quality(risk of bias)assessment is an important step before study initiation usage.Therefore,accurately judging study type is the first priority,and the choosing proper tool is also important.In this re...Methodological quality(risk of bias)assessment is an important step before study initiation usage.Therefore,accurately judging study type is the first priority,and the choosing proper tool is also important.In this review,we introduced methodological quality assessment tools for randomized controlled trial(including individual and cluster),animal study,non-randomized interventional studies(including follow-up study,controlled before-and-after study,before-after/pre-post study,uncontrolled longitudinal study,interrupted time series study),cohort study,case-control study,cross-sectional study(including analytical and descriptive),observational case series and case reports,comparative effectiveness research,diagnostic study,health economic evaluation,prediction study(including predictor finding study,prediction model impact study,prognostic prediction model study),qualitative study,outcome measurement instruments(including patient-reported outcome measure development,content validity,structural validity,internal consistency,cross-cultural validity/measurement invariance,reliability,measurement error,criterion validity,hypotheses testing for construct validity,and responsiveness),systematic review and meta-analysis,and clinical practice guideline.The readers of our review can distinguish the types of medical studies and choose appropriate tools.In one word,comprehensively mastering relevant knowledge and implementing more practices are basic requirements for correctly assessing the methodological quality.展开更多
Two motor-cognitive interventions were implemented to evaluate their efficacy in cognitive improvement in Mexican older adults 65 years and more. The intervention group received a dance video games plus a cognitive ta...Two motor-cognitive interventions were implemented to evaluate their efficacy in cognitive improvement in Mexican older adults 65 years and more. The intervention group received a dance video games plus a cognitive task (dual-task);the comparison group received only the dance video game, in sessions of 45 minutes, 3 times a week, for 12 weeks. The Barthel Index and Lawton and Brody Index, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-Revised were applied the Digit Span Test, the Stroop Test, and Color Trail Making. Gait parameters were assessed by GAITRite? electronic walkway (CIR Systems). The design was quasi-experimental. Sites were randomly assigned to intervention groups. The intervention group started with 32 participants and finished with 15;the comparison group started with 20 participants and finished with 18. Participants in the intervention group had to mimic the dance movement of a video game and, after the second week to name progressively three objects without stopping dancing. A multivariate repeated measures model (MANO-VA) was fit with four variables. A time-by-group interaction was observed in the Stroop test, and Digits Span Backwards was in favor of the dual task group. The Stroop test, Digit Span Backwards, gait speed, and step length showed effect time. Both groups improved in gait speed and step length by the end of the intervention. Results show it is feasible for Mexican older adults with little schooling to perform dual tasks and improve cognitive tasks and gait speed. Limitations were high attrition due to unforeseen situations and small sample size.展开更多
Background:Although self-management approaches have shown strong evidence of positive outcomes for urinary incontinence prevention and management,few programs have been developed for Korean rural communities.Objective...Background:Although self-management approaches have shown strong evidence of positive outcomes for urinary incontinence prevention and management,few programs have been developed for Korean rural communities.Objectives:This pilot study aimed to develop,implement,and evaluate a urinary incontinence self-management program for community-dwelling women aged 55 and older with urinary incontinence in rural South Korea.Methods:This study used a one-group pre-post-test design to measure the effects of the intervention using standardized urinary incontinence symptom,knowledge,and attitude measures.Seventeen community-dwelling older women completed weekly 90-min group sessions for 5 weeks.Descriptive statistics and paired t-tests and were used to analyze data.Results:The mean of the overall interference on daily life from urine leakage(pre-test:M=5.76±2.68,post-test:M=2.29±1.93,t=4.609,p<0.001)and the sum of International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire scores(pre-test:M=11.59±3.00,post-test:M=5.29±3.02,t=-5.881,p<0.001)indicated significant improvement after the intervention.Improvement was also noted on the mean knowledge(pre-test:M=19.07±3.34,post-test:M=23.15±2.60,t=7.550,p<0.001)and attitude scores(pre-test:M=2.64±0.19,post-test:M=3.08±0.41,t=5.150,p<0.001).Weekly assignments were completed 82.4%of the time.Participants showed a high satisfaction level(M=26.82±1.74,range 22e28)with the group program.Conclusions:Implementation of a urinary incontinence self-management program was accompanied by improved outcomes for Korean older women living in rural communities who have scarce resources for urinary incontinence management and treatment.Urinary incontinence self-management education approaches have potential for widespread implementation in nursing practice.展开更多
Introduction and Hypothesis: The Pelvic Floor Dysfunction (PFD) is a common gynecological condition that causes significant morbidity in the affected population, increasing clinical and financial challenge for the Pub...Introduction and Hypothesis: The Pelvic Floor Dysfunction (PFD) is a common gynecological condition that causes significant morbidity in the affected population, increasing clinical and financial challenge for the Public Health Services. Methods: This study aimed to review the available evidence and interventions to promote the health of women with PFD. We used the following databases to select papers for this review: Scopus, PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS and Cochrane. The sample consists of seven articles, with evidence levels 1 and 2. Results: The results of the articles point out to a greater number of activities related to the management of Urinary Incontinence (UI) behavioral support to the patient and physical therapy of the pelvic floor muscles. They were both beneficial to UI prevention and treatment. Conclusions: The physical therapy approach, when associated with cognitive and behavioral strategies, leverages UI outcomes in patients.展开更多
Objective: To investigate whether sustained long-term changes in alcohol intake are predictive of cardiovascular risk. Methods: The study population was a subpopulation of the five-year intervention study, Inter99 stu...Objective: To investigate whether sustained long-term changes in alcohol intake are predictive of cardiovascular risk. Methods: The study population was a subpopulation of the five-year intervention study, Inter99 study, (1999-2006), Copenhagen, Denmark (n = 2117;30 - 60 years). Alcohol intake was assessed by questionnaires at baseline, one-, three- and five-year follow-up. The associations between sustained long-term changes in alcohol intake and cardiovascular risk factors (HDL and non-HDL cholesterol, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP);the absolute risk of ischemic heart disease (CRS)) at five-year follow-up were explored by linear regression models. The alcohol variables were tested for linear association with the response variable. Results: Sustained increased alcohol intake was significantly associated with increased CRS (β = 0.0028;P = 0.006) and a decreased HDL cholesterol (β = -0.0028;P = 0.005). Among participants with a moderate overall alcohol in-take at baseline increased alcohol intake was significantly associated with an increased plasma triglyceride (β = 0.0069;P = 0.04). No association with triglyceride was found for participants with a high alcohol intake. Change in wine intake was significantly negatively associated with changes in diastolic BP (β = 0.0015;P = 0.02). Conclusions: Sustained increase in the long-term intake of alcohol was a significant risk factor for an increased CRS, increased triglyceride level and decreased HDL cholesterol. Increased wine intake was associated with decreased diastolic BP.展开更多
Background: Research indicates an association between impaired glucose metabolism and overweight, a serious public health problem involving an increased risk of Type 2 diabetes, related hypertension, and a reduced qua...Background: Research indicates an association between impaired glucose metabolism and overweight, a serious public health problem involving an increased risk of Type 2 diabetes, related hypertension, and a reduced quality of life. Aim: The first aim is to assess different dimensions of Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in overweight individuals at risk of developing Type 2 diabetes compared to a normal population. The second aim is to examine the impact of resistance training on the pre-post HRQoL dimension scores of the intervention group. Methods: Eighteen participants were randomly assigned to one of the two resistance training groups. Group 1 engaged in supervised maximal resistance training (Bernstein inverted pyramid system: 5× 3 - 4, 60% - 85% of 1 Repetition Maximum (RM)), three days/week over four months, and Group 2 performed endurance resistance training (including lower weight loads and more repetitions over four months). The intervention consisted of eight exercises involving the entire body. The subjects completed the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) on HRQoL. The HRQoL scores of the norm population were higher than those of people at risk of developing Type 2 diabetes, and resistance training seemed to have a limited significant positive effect on the different HRQoL dimensions.展开更多
India imposed the largest lockdown in the world in response tofight the spread of the Novel Coronavirus disease(COVID-19)from 19 March till 31 May 2020.The onset of the pandemic left the general public feeling psycho-s...India imposed the largest lockdown in the world in response tofight the spread of the Novel Coronavirus disease(COVID-19)from 19 March till 31 May 2020.The onset of the pandemic left the general public feeling psycho-socially distressed,helpless,and anxious.The researcher developed a Messenger supported Chatbot,based on the broaden and build model,to cater to the healthy general public to promote positivity and mental well-being.31 participants between 22 and 45 years old consensually took a pre-test,Chatbot intervention,and post-test.The Chatbot provided guided activities out of which positive affirmations,meditation,and exercises were mostly used.The qualitative data from the study shows that the majority of the participants strongly feel positivity is within themselves and that the tool provided a self-help approach to be me well,mentally during the lockdown.The intervention helped significantly reducing symptoms of psychosocial distress in six of the individual’s post-chatbot interventions.Participants’impressions of the tool suggest more preponderant opportunities for future research in technology-driven mental health support.展开更多
Background:Anemia is a common public health problem throughout the globe with its main effect not only on health of people but also impact on socioeconomic development.A high prevalence of anemia among school children...Background:Anemia is a common public health problem throughout the globe with its main effect not only on health of people but also impact on socioeconomic development.A high prevalence of anemia among school children is an indication of a severe problem highlighting the necessity of proper action to prevent further deterioration.This study sought to study the impact of nutritional education on knowledge,attitude,and practice regarding anemia among school children.Methods:This is an interventional study among school children of Kendriye Vidyalaya,No.2 Belgaum district,India.Structured and self-administered questionnaires were used to know the knowledge,attitude and practice of student anemia.The data were analyzed using paired t-test and McNemar test.Results:There was significant increment in the mean knowledge and attitude scores of the school children at the post-test evaluation.Overall increase of 51.2%in mean score of knowledge and overall increase of 20.7%in mean score of attitudes was found(P<0.05).Increase in frequency of consumption pattern of iron rich foods especially ragi,jaggery,green leafy vegetables and sprouted grains was reported.Conclusion:The nutritional education resulted in improvement of knowledge and change in attitude regarding anemia as well as increase in consumption of foods rich in Iron.Therefore,nutritional education is one of the cost-effective and sustainable method for lowering the cases of anemia.展开更多
Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a newly emerging infectious disease.After its outbreak,researchers started a large number of clinical interventional studies,using a variety of interventions to study the different...Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a newly emerging infectious disease.After its outbreak,researchers started a large number of clinical interventional studies,using a variety of interventions to study the different types of COVID-19 cases.In this article,we searched the websites of Chinese Clinical Trial Registry,Clinical Trials.gov,etc.,to study the publicly registered research information.Through the classification and summary of interventional methods,evaluation indicators,research design,etc.,this article provided readers with the outline of clinical research about COVID-19,and looked forward to the scientificity,feasibility,and future evidence of the clinical researches.展开更多
文摘Background:The number of papers published in the field of nursing practice has greatly increased in recent years in China's Mainland,yet the quality of these papers is highly variable.There has been no attempt to comprehensively estimate the overall quantity and quality of these papers.Objectives:To systematically retrieve nursing intervention studies published in simplified Chinese from 1979 to 2012,critically appraise their quality,and provide suggestions for future development.Methods:All of the papers were retrieved from China Biology Medicine disc database.The preliminary screening of retrieved publications was performed prior to conducting a rigorous quality evaluation of the remaining publications.10 characteristics would be included in consideration in quality evaluations.Results:69,150 papers were retrieved according to searching strategy.7391 of them were included after preliminary screening and appraised critically.Among the 10 characteristics considered in quality evaluations,the lowest ratings were observed for the factors of“utilisation of blind method”(13 articles),“description of loss of follow-up”(499 articles),“appropriate calculation of sample size”(511 articles)and“randomised assignment of patients to treatments”(652 articles).Conclusions:Chinese papers published in the field of nursing practice have increased over time,but improvements remain needed to ensure that thorough studies with high-quality research methodologies are being performed.Future nursing researchers should not only improve the design of their intervention studies but also clearly describe the methodology they used,especially in group randomisation,blinded research designs,and estimations of required sample sizes.
文摘BACKGROUND Older adults have been considered a primary at-risk population during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,and many efforts have been and still are directed toward supporting them and enhancing their capacity to cope with the pandemic.Evidence shows that by enhancing proactive coping abilities through psychological interventions,in which cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness techniques are taught and practiced effectively,these interventions have supported older adults throughout the pandemic.However,the underlying mechanisms by which specific intervention components affect various mental states such as distress,depression and loneliness among older adults remain unclear and warrant investigation.AIM To determine the effect of an intervention using cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness techniques on changes in distress,depression and loneliness.METHODS We performed a secondary analysis on data from a previous study in which community-dwelling older adults attended a short-term,internet-based intervention during the first COVID-19 wave in Israel.The intervention included seven sessions during which various cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness techniques were learned and practiced.In-session changes in psychological distress were measured using the Subjective Units of Distress Scale(SUDS),which participants rated at the beginning and end of each session.Participants also filled out questionnaires that evaluated levels of depression[Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ-9)]and loneliness(UCLA loneliness Scale)prior to and after the entire intervention process.The effect of in-session changes in the SUDS on changes in post-intervention depression and loneliness levels were assessed,as a proxy for distinct technique effectiveness.RESULTS The findings indicated in-session differences in terms of a decrease in psychological distress(SUDS).Sessions that included relaxation exercises and guided imagery,as well as sessions that included cognitive restructuring and mindfulness meditation,demonstrated the largest decreases in in-session psychological distress(≥35%).Two multivariate regression models,one for levels of post-intervention depression(PHQ-9 score)and the other for levels of post-intervention loneliness(UCLA loneliness score),were fitted.The results revealed two statistically significant explanatory variables for depression:The SUDS difference for sessions in which cognitive restructuring and mindfulness meditation were practiced,beta=-0.25,95%CI:-1.23 to-0.1,and the pre-intervention level of depression,beta=0.62,95%CI:0.37-0.75.The second model for loneliness revealed only one significant explanatory variable:The SUDS difference for sessions in which relaxation and guided imagery were practiced,beta=0.41,95%CI:0.14-0.65.CONCLUSION Different psychological techniques seem to have different effects on distress,loneliness and depression.Understanding the pathways by which distinct techniques affect negative mental symptoms has implications for future intervention design.
基金supported(in part)by the Entrusted Project of National commission on health and health of China(No.2019099)the National Key Research and Development Plan of China(2016YFC0106300)the Nature Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2019FFB03902)。
文摘Methodological quality(risk of bias)assessment is an important step before study initiation usage.Therefore,accurately judging study type is the first priority,and the choosing proper tool is also important.In this review,we introduced methodological quality assessment tools for randomized controlled trial(including individual and cluster),animal study,non-randomized interventional studies(including follow-up study,controlled before-and-after study,before-after/pre-post study,uncontrolled longitudinal study,interrupted time series study),cohort study,case-control study,cross-sectional study(including analytical and descriptive),observational case series and case reports,comparative effectiveness research,diagnostic study,health economic evaluation,prediction study(including predictor finding study,prediction model impact study,prognostic prediction model study),qualitative study,outcome measurement instruments(including patient-reported outcome measure development,content validity,structural validity,internal consistency,cross-cultural validity/measurement invariance,reliability,measurement error,criterion validity,hypotheses testing for construct validity,and responsiveness),systematic review and meta-analysis,and clinical practice guideline.The readers of our review can distinguish the types of medical studies and choose appropriate tools.In one word,comprehensively mastering relevant knowledge and implementing more practices are basic requirements for correctly assessing the methodological quality.
文摘Two motor-cognitive interventions were implemented to evaluate their efficacy in cognitive improvement in Mexican older adults 65 years and more. The intervention group received a dance video games plus a cognitive task (dual-task);the comparison group received only the dance video game, in sessions of 45 minutes, 3 times a week, for 12 weeks. The Barthel Index and Lawton and Brody Index, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-Revised were applied the Digit Span Test, the Stroop Test, and Color Trail Making. Gait parameters were assessed by GAITRite? electronic walkway (CIR Systems). The design was quasi-experimental. Sites were randomly assigned to intervention groups. The intervention group started with 32 participants and finished with 15;the comparison group started with 20 participants and finished with 18. Participants in the intervention group had to mimic the dance movement of a video game and, after the second week to name progressively three objects without stopping dancing. A multivariate repeated measures model (MANO-VA) was fit with four variables. A time-by-group interaction was observed in the Stroop test, and Digits Span Backwards was in favor of the dual task group. The Stroop test, Digit Span Backwards, gait speed, and step length showed effect time. Both groups improved in gait speed and step length by the end of the intervention. Results show it is feasible for Mexican older adults with little schooling to perform dual tasks and improve cognitive tasks and gait speed. Limitations were high attrition due to unforeseen situations and small sample size.
基金This study was supported by the Mary Hester Scholarship Endowment Award of Duke University School of Nursing and by the Asian American/Pacific Islander Nurses Association's Nursing Scholarship.
文摘Background:Although self-management approaches have shown strong evidence of positive outcomes for urinary incontinence prevention and management,few programs have been developed for Korean rural communities.Objectives:This pilot study aimed to develop,implement,and evaluate a urinary incontinence self-management program for community-dwelling women aged 55 and older with urinary incontinence in rural South Korea.Methods:This study used a one-group pre-post-test design to measure the effects of the intervention using standardized urinary incontinence symptom,knowledge,and attitude measures.Seventeen community-dwelling older women completed weekly 90-min group sessions for 5 weeks.Descriptive statistics and paired t-tests and were used to analyze data.Results:The mean of the overall interference on daily life from urine leakage(pre-test:M=5.76±2.68,post-test:M=2.29±1.93,t=4.609,p<0.001)and the sum of International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire scores(pre-test:M=11.59±3.00,post-test:M=5.29±3.02,t=-5.881,p<0.001)indicated significant improvement after the intervention.Improvement was also noted on the mean knowledge(pre-test:M=19.07±3.34,post-test:M=23.15±2.60,t=7.550,p<0.001)and attitude scores(pre-test:M=2.64±0.19,post-test:M=3.08±0.41,t=5.150,p<0.001).Weekly assignments were completed 82.4%of the time.Participants showed a high satisfaction level(M=26.82±1.74,range 22e28)with the group program.Conclusions:Implementation of a urinary incontinence self-management program was accompanied by improved outcomes for Korean older women living in rural communities who have scarce resources for urinary incontinence management and treatment.Urinary incontinence self-management education approaches have potential for widespread implementation in nursing practice.
文摘Introduction and Hypothesis: The Pelvic Floor Dysfunction (PFD) is a common gynecological condition that causes significant morbidity in the affected population, increasing clinical and financial challenge for the Public Health Services. Methods: This study aimed to review the available evidence and interventions to promote the health of women with PFD. We used the following databases to select papers for this review: Scopus, PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS and Cochrane. The sample consists of seven articles, with evidence levels 1 and 2. Results: The results of the articles point out to a greater number of activities related to the management of Urinary Incontinence (UI) behavioral support to the patient and physical therapy of the pelvic floor muscles. They were both beneficial to UI prevention and treatment. Conclusions: The physical therapy approach, when associated with cognitive and behavioral strategies, leverages UI outcomes in patients.
基金The Danish Medical Research Council The Danish Centre for Evaluation and Health Tech- nology Assessment+6 种基金 Novo Nordisk Copenhagen County The Danish Heart FoundationThe Danish Pharmaceutical Association Augustinus foundationIb Henriksen foundation Becket foundation.
文摘Objective: To investigate whether sustained long-term changes in alcohol intake are predictive of cardiovascular risk. Methods: The study population was a subpopulation of the five-year intervention study, Inter99 study, (1999-2006), Copenhagen, Denmark (n = 2117;30 - 60 years). Alcohol intake was assessed by questionnaires at baseline, one-, three- and five-year follow-up. The associations between sustained long-term changes in alcohol intake and cardiovascular risk factors (HDL and non-HDL cholesterol, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP);the absolute risk of ischemic heart disease (CRS)) at five-year follow-up were explored by linear regression models. The alcohol variables were tested for linear association with the response variable. Results: Sustained increased alcohol intake was significantly associated with increased CRS (β = 0.0028;P = 0.006) and a decreased HDL cholesterol (β = -0.0028;P = 0.005). Among participants with a moderate overall alcohol in-take at baseline increased alcohol intake was significantly associated with an increased plasma triglyceride (β = 0.0069;P = 0.04). No association with triglyceride was found for participants with a high alcohol intake. Change in wine intake was significantly negatively associated with changes in diastolic BP (β = 0.0015;P = 0.02). Conclusions: Sustained increase in the long-term intake of alcohol was a significant risk factor for an increased CRS, increased triglyceride level and decreased HDL cholesterol. Increased wine intake was associated with decreased diastolic BP.
文摘Background: Research indicates an association between impaired glucose metabolism and overweight, a serious public health problem involving an increased risk of Type 2 diabetes, related hypertension, and a reduced quality of life. Aim: The first aim is to assess different dimensions of Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in overweight individuals at risk of developing Type 2 diabetes compared to a normal population. The second aim is to examine the impact of resistance training on the pre-post HRQoL dimension scores of the intervention group. Methods: Eighteen participants were randomly assigned to one of the two resistance training groups. Group 1 engaged in supervised maximal resistance training (Bernstein inverted pyramid system: 5× 3 - 4, 60% - 85% of 1 Repetition Maximum (RM)), three days/week over four months, and Group 2 performed endurance resistance training (including lower weight loads and more repetitions over four months). The intervention consisted of eight exercises involving the entire body. The subjects completed the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) on HRQoL. The HRQoL scores of the norm population were higher than those of people at risk of developing Type 2 diabetes, and resistance training seemed to have a limited significant positive effect on the different HRQoL dimensions.
文摘India imposed the largest lockdown in the world in response tofight the spread of the Novel Coronavirus disease(COVID-19)from 19 March till 31 May 2020.The onset of the pandemic left the general public feeling psycho-socially distressed,helpless,and anxious.The researcher developed a Messenger supported Chatbot,based on the broaden and build model,to cater to the healthy general public to promote positivity and mental well-being.31 participants between 22 and 45 years old consensually took a pre-test,Chatbot intervention,and post-test.The Chatbot provided guided activities out of which positive affirmations,meditation,and exercises were mostly used.The qualitative data from the study shows that the majority of the participants strongly feel positivity is within themselves and that the tool provided a self-help approach to be me well,mentally during the lockdown.The intervention helped significantly reducing symptoms of psychosocial distress in six of the individual’s post-chatbot interventions.Participants’impressions of the tool suggest more preponderant opportunities for future research in technology-driven mental health support.
文摘Background:Anemia is a common public health problem throughout the globe with its main effect not only on health of people but also impact on socioeconomic development.A high prevalence of anemia among school children is an indication of a severe problem highlighting the necessity of proper action to prevent further deterioration.This study sought to study the impact of nutritional education on knowledge,attitude,and practice regarding anemia among school children.Methods:This is an interventional study among school children of Kendriye Vidyalaya,No.2 Belgaum district,India.Structured and self-administered questionnaires were used to know the knowledge,attitude and practice of student anemia.The data were analyzed using paired t-test and McNemar test.Results:There was significant increment in the mean knowledge and attitude scores of the school children at the post-test evaluation.Overall increase of 51.2%in mean score of knowledge and overall increase of 20.7%in mean score of attitudes was found(P<0.05).Increase in frequency of consumption pattern of iron rich foods especially ragi,jaggery,green leafy vegetables and sprouted grains was reported.Conclusion:The nutritional education resulted in improvement of knowledge and change in attitude regarding anemia as well as increase in consumption of foods rich in Iron.Therefore,nutritional education is one of the cost-effective and sustainable method for lowering the cases of anemia.
基金supported by the National Major Scientific Research Project(2017ZX10305501)。
文摘Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a newly emerging infectious disease.After its outbreak,researchers started a large number of clinical interventional studies,using a variety of interventions to study the different types of COVID-19 cases.In this article,we searched the websites of Chinese Clinical Trial Registry,Clinical Trials.gov,etc.,to study the publicly registered research information.Through the classification and summary of interventional methods,evaluation indicators,research design,etc.,this article provided readers with the outline of clinical research about COVID-19,and looked forward to the scientificity,feasibility,and future evidence of the clinical researches.
