Objective To investigate the effect of no-touch harvesting technique in reducing vein graft intimal hyperplasia. Methods This longitudinal trial compared graft angiostenosis of two groups undergoing jugular vein to ca...Objective To investigate the effect of no-touch harvesting technique in reducing vein graft intimal hyperplasia. Methods This longitudinal trial compared graft angiostenosis of two groups undergoing jugular vein to carotid artery interposition grafting in rabbit model. Conventional group:12 rabbits had their veins stripped,distended,and stored in heparinized saline solution. No-touch group:12 rabbits had veins removed with surrounding tissues,but were not distended,and stored in heparinized blood. The grafts were removed 4 weeks following grafting,and morphometry and immunohistochemistry assessment were performed. Results The intimal thickness,degree of angiostenosis and proliferation index of vascular smooth muscle cells of no-touch group were significantly reduced (P<0.01) compared with those of the conventional group. The proliferating cell nuclear antigen positive-staining cells were significantly increased (P<0.01) in the conventional group compared with whose in the no-touch group. Conclusion Harvesting the vein graft with no-touch harvesting technique could significantly reduce intimal hyperplasia of the vein graft.展开更多
Objective: To explore the alleviation of arterial intimal hyperplasia and improvement of outflow by inserting an autogenous vein cuff between poly tetraflu oroethylene (PTFE) graft and arteri al an astomosis. Methods:...Objective: To explore the alleviation of arterial intimal hyperplasia and improvement of outflow by inserting an autogenous vein cuff between poly tetraflu oroethylene (PTFE) graft and arteri al an astomosis. Methods: Twenty-four hindlimbs of 12 mongrel dogs were randomly divided into control group and experimental group. Sole PTFE bypasses were made in the control group, an autologous vein cuff was inserted in the distal anastomosis in the experimental group. Eight weeks after operation, angiography was made and specimens were harvested, histomorphological studies under microscope and picture analysis with computer were carried out, scanning electromicroscopy on the vein cuff was made. Results: Angiography demonstrated the patency of control and experimental group was 16. 7% and 66. 7%, respectively; Computer gave the intimal thickness: (483. 5 ± 67. 3) μm and (147. 4 ± 38. 6) μm, respectively; no obvious change was seen in medial thickness; area of intimal hyperplasia was (5217 ± 1 123) (pixel) and (31 17 ± 890) (pixel), respectively, accounting (80. 9 ± 17. 2)% and (47. 7 ± 13. 7)% of the sectional area of vessel lumen. The interpositional vein was arteriolization. Conclusion: The interpositional autologous vein cuff can obviously mitigate the arterial intimal hyperplasia after PTFE bypasses, improving postoperative patency of vascular surgery.展开更多
Purpose To assess the maximum uptake of Iododeo xyur idine (IUdR) by proliferating smooth muscle cells in vitro to determine the opti mal concentration to be administrated in an in vivo experiment. The long-term g oal...Purpose To assess the maximum uptake of Iododeo xyur idine (IUdR) by proliferating smooth muscle cells in vitro to determine the opti mal concentration to be administrated in an in vivo experiment. The long-term g oal is to utilize radioactive IUdR to inhibit smooth muscle cell proliferation a nd restenosis of arteries after balloon angioplasty in vivo. Methods Porcine smooth muscle cells (SMCs) were cultured in 5% FBS medium and stim ulated to proliferate by the addition of medium containing 10% FBS and insulin. IUdR was added at 5 μM, 10 μM, 20 μM, 30 μM, 40 μM, respectively, in prolif erating SMCs with control for 1, 3, 5, 7 day incubation. Fluorescence Activated Cell Scanning (FACS) was performed after the SMCs were harvested and double-sta ined with FITC-conjugated anti-IUdR antibody (B44) and propidium iodide (PI). The ratio of IUdR-labeled cells to total cell population for each IUdR concentr ation and duration was determined by FACS. All data were repeated three times at each time point. The doubling times, growth curve and cell density of the proli ferating SMCs were investigated using Beckman Coulter Particle Counter and digit al microscopy. Results The percentage of proliferating SMCs uptaking IUdR incr eased from 1 to 5 days incubation with all concentrations of IUdR; In day 5, the uptake rate reached the peak value, then decreased by 7 days. IUdR uptake on d ay 5 was higher with concentrations of 10 μM and 20 μM. The doubling times of the SMCs were prolonged with IUdR concentration increasing, while the proliferat ing cell number and density compared with control decreased obviously by day 5 ( P<0.05).Conclusion The peak time to uptake IUdR was 5 days and optimal concentration of IUdR was between10 μM to 20 μM for proliferating SMCs to upta ke in vitro. IUdR itself could inhibit the SMCs’ proliferation and the inhibito ry effect was related to the concentration.[展开更多
Objective: To design an extravascular trestle model coated phosphorus-32, an isotope radiating beta rays, and investigate its effects on intimal hyperplasia of autologous vein grafts. Methods: ETA cDNA was used as a g...Objective: To design an extravascular trestle model coated phosphorus-32, an isotope radiating beta rays, and investigate its effects on intimal hyperplasia of autologous vein grafts. Methods: ETA cDNA was used as a gene probe specific to vascular SMCs on the basis of in situ hybridization. The femoral veins were transplanted reversely into colateral femoral arteries in rabbits, and the animals were divided into control, chemical agents and phosphorus-32 groups. The morphometry was applied to calculate the ETA cDNA expression and intimal thickness. Spearman correlation method was utilized to investigate their relationship. Results: Intimal thickness in grafts of phosphorus-32 group was markedly reduced. Additionally, intimal ETA gene expression was also decreased in beta rays group. The values increased at a slower rate significantly different from that of control and aspirin groups (P<0.01). The correlation of ETA cDNA expression and intimal thickness exhibited a strongly positive relation. Conclusion: Beta rays in extravascular model could remarkably inhibit intimal thickening and SMC proliferation. The correlation is an indirect evidence indicating that intimal hyperplasia composed of SMCs proliferation. It suggests that ETA cDNA expression could be a quantitative estimation of vascular SMC because of its specifics.展开更多
Implantable vascular devices are widely used in clinical treatments for various vascular diseases. However, current approved clinical implantable vascular devices generally have high failure rates primarily due to the...Implantable vascular devices are widely used in clinical treatments for various vascular diseases. However, current approved clinical implantable vascular devices generally have high failure rates primarily due to their surface lacking inherent functional endothelium. Here, inspired by the pathological mechanisms of vascular device failure and physiological functions of native endothelium, we developed a new generation of bioactive parylene (poly(p-xylylene))-based conformal coating to address these challenges of the vascular devices. This coating used a polyethylene glycol (PEG) linker to introduce an endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) specific binding ligand LXW7 (cGRGDdvc) onto the vascular devices for preventing platelet adhesion and selectively capturing endogenous EPCs. Also, we confirmed the long-term stability and function of this coating in human serum. Using two vascular disease-related large animal models, a porcine carotid artery interposition model and a porcine carotid artery-jugular vein arteriovenous graft model, we demonstrated that this coating enabled rapid generation of self-renewable “living” endothelium on the blood contacting surface of the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) grafts after implantation. We expect this easy-to-apply conformal coating will present a promising avenue to engineer surface properties of “off-the-shelf” implantable vascular devices for long-lasting performance in the clinical settings.展开更多
Background:Lower urinary tract symptoms commonly occur in the elderly population and seriously constrain the quality of life.Glandular fibrosis is an important pathobiological process in benign prostatic hyperplasia a...Background:Lower urinary tract symptoms commonly occur in the elderly population and seriously constrain the quality of life.Glandular fibrosis is an important pathobiological process in benign prostatic hyperplasia and is also a main inducing factor for benign prostatic hyperplasia-associated lower urinary tract symptoms.Cistanches species is an important herbal medicine resource and is traditionally used in ameliorating renal and prostatic defects.Methods:This study was to investigate the potential protective function of echinacoside(a bioactive compound from Cistanches)against prostatic fibrosis in mice and human benign prostatic hyperplasia epithelial-1 cell models.Results:It was found that echinacoside attenuated testosterone-induced prostatic hyperplasia and collagen deposition in mice,relieved prostate local inflammation and oxidative damage,and ameliorated prostatic epithelial-mesenchymal transition.Additionally,echinacoside inhibited the activation of the MKK6/MK2 signaling pathway both in vivo and in vitro.Conclusion:This study added new evidence for the anti-fibrotic function of echinacoside on the prostate and provided new insights for understanding its possible pharmacological mechanisms.展开更多
We evaluated the effect of isoquercetin(quercetin-O-3-glucoside-quercetin,IQ)as a functional component of Abeliophyllum disistichum Nakai ethanol extract(ADLE)on prostate cell proliferation and apoptosis and its effec...We evaluated the effect of isoquercetin(quercetin-O-3-glucoside-quercetin,IQ)as a functional component of Abeliophyllum disistichum Nakai ethanol extract(ADLE)on prostate cell proliferation and apoptosis and its effects on the IGF-1/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).Metabolites in ADLE were analyzed using UHPLC-qTOF-MS and HPLC.IQ was orally administered(1 or 10 mg/kg)to a testosterone propionate-induced BPH rat model,and its effects on the prostate weight were evaluated.The effect of IQ on androgen receptor(AR)signaling was analyzed in LNCaP cells.Whether IGF-1 and IQ affect the IGF-1/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in BPH-1 cells was also examined.The metabolites in ADLE were identified and quantified,which confirmed that ADLE contained abundant IQ(20.88 mg/g).IQ significantly reduced the prostate size in a concentration-dependent manner in a BPH rat model,and significantly decreased the expression of AR signaling factors in the rat prostate tissue and LNCaP cells in a concentration-dependent manner.IQ also inhibited the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway activated by IGF-1 treatment in BPH-1 cells.In BPH-1 cells,IQ led to G0/G1 arrest and suppressed the expression of proliferation factors while inducing apoptosis.Thus,IQ shows potential for use as a pharmaceutical and nutraceutical for BPH.展开更多
Through literature and clinical research,the current status of Mongolian medicine treatment for breast hyperplasia is discussed,such as oral administration of Mongolian medicine for treatment,oral administration of Mo...Through literature and clinical research,the current status of Mongolian medicine treatment for breast hyperplasia is discussed,such as oral administration of Mongolian medicine for treatment,oral administration of Mongolian medicine combined with external application for treatment,combination of Mongolian medicine acupuncture therapy and oral administration of Mongolian medicine for treatment,integrated treatment of Mongolian and Western medicine,and combination therapy of Mongolian and traditional Chinese medicine,providing new ideas and choices for clinical research.展开更多
The aims of the present study were to determine the effects of heparin-derived oligosaccharides(HDOs) on vascular intimal hyperplasia(IH) in balloon-injured carotid artery and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of...The aims of the present study were to determine the effects of heparin-derived oligosaccharides(HDOs) on vascular intimal hyperplasia(IH) in balloon-injured carotid artery and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of action. An animal model was established by rubbing the endothelia within the common carotid artery(CCA) in male rabbits. The rabbits were fed a high-cholesterol diet. Arterial IH was determined by histopathological changes to the CCA. Serum lipids were detected using an automated biochemical analysis. Expressions of mR NAs for vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor(bF GF), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(VCAM-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1), scavenger receptor class B type I(SR-BI), and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1(ABCA-1) were analyzed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays. Expressions of VEGF, VCAM-1, MCP-1, SR-BI and ABCA-1 proteins were analyzed by Western blotting. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to quantify expression levels of VEGF and b FGF. Our results showed that administration of HDO significantly inhibited CCA histopathology and restenosis induced by balloon injury. The treatment with HDOs significantly decreased the m RNA and protein expression levels of VEGF, b FGF, VCAM-1, MCP-1, and SR-BI in the arterial wall; however, ABCA-1 expression level was elevated. HDO treatment led to a reduction in serum lipids(total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density and low-density lipoproteins). Our results from the rabbit model indicated that HDOs could ameliorate IH and underlying mechanism might involve VEGF, b FGF, VCAM-1, MCP-1, SR-BI, and ABCA-1.展开更多
Small-diameter tissue-engineered vascular grafts(sdTEVGs)with hyperglycemia resistance have not been constructed.The intimal hyperplasia caused by hyperglycemia remains problem to hinder the patency of sdTEVGs.Here,in...Small-diameter tissue-engineered vascular grafts(sdTEVGs)with hyperglycemia resistance have not been constructed.The intimal hyperplasia caused by hyperglycemia remains problem to hinder the patency of sdTEVGs.Here,inspired by bionic regulation of nerve on vascular,we found the released neural exosomes could inhibit the abnormal phenotype transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs).The transformation was a prime culprit causing the intimal hyperplasia of sdTEVGs.To address this concern,sdTEVGs were modified with an on-demand programmable dual-responsive system of ultrathin hydrogels.An external primary Reactive Oxygen Species(ROS)-responsive Netrin-1 system was initially triggered by local inflammation to induce nerve remolding of the sdTEVGs overcoming the difficulty of nerve regeneration under hyperglycemia.Then,the internal secondary ATP-responsive DENND1A(guanine nucleotide exchange factor)system was turned on by the neurotransmitter ATP from the immigrated nerve fibers to stimulate effective release of neural exosomes.The results showed nerve fibers grow into the sdTEVGs in diabetic rats 30 days after transplantation.At day 90,the abnormal VSMCs phenotype was not detected in the sdTEVGs,which maintained long-time patency without intima hyperplasia.Our study provides new insights to construct vascular grafts resisting hyperglycemia damage.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the effect and potential mechanisms of rutaecarpine(Rut) in a rat artery balloon-injury model. Methods: The intimal hyperplasia model was established by rubbing the endothelia with a balloon ...Objective: To investigate the effect and potential mechanisms of rutaecarpine(Rut) in a rat artery balloon-injury model. Methods: The intimal hyperplasia model was established by rubbing the endothelia with a balloon catheter in the common carotid artery(CCA) of rats. Fifty rats were randomly divided into five groups, ie. sham, model, Rut(25, 50 and 75 mg/kg) with 10 rats of each group. The rats were treated with or without Rut(25, 50, 75 mg/kg) by intragastric administration for 14 consecutive days following injury. The morphological changes of the intima were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) and smooth muscle(SM) α-actin in the ateries were assayed by immunohistochemical staining. The m RNA expressions of c-myc, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2(ERK2), MAPK phosphatase-1(MKP-1) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase(e NOS) were determined by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The protein expressions of MKP-1 and phosphorylated ERK2(p-ERK2) were examined by Western blotting. The plasma contents of nitric oxide(NO) and cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate(c GMP) were also determined. Results: Compared with the model group, Rut treatment significantly decreased intimal thickening and ameliorated endothelial injury(P<0.05 or P<0.01). The positive expression rate of PCNA was decreased, while the expression rate of SM α-actin obviously increased in the vascular wall after Rut(50 and 75 mg/kg) administration(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Furthermore, the m RNA expressions of c-myc, ERK2 and PCNA were downregulated while the expressions of e NOS and MKP-1 were upregulated(P<0.05 or P<0.01). The protein expressions of MKP-1 and the phosphorylation of ERK2 were upregulated and downregulated after Rut(50 and 75 mg/kg) administration(P<0.05 or P<0.01), respectively. In addition, Rut dramatically reversed balloon injury-induced decrease of NO and c GMP in the plasma(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion: Rut could inhibit the balloon injury-induced carotid intimal hyperplasia in rats, possibly mediated by promotion of NO production and inhibiting ERK2 signal transduction pathways.展开更多
Accelerated epicardial coronary artery atherosclerosis has been well-documented in cocaine users.There are only two reported cases of cocaine-associated diffuse intimal expansion by proliferated smooth muscle cells ca...Accelerated epicardial coronary artery atherosclerosis has been well-documented in cocaine users.There are only two reported cases of cocaine-associated diffuse intimal expansion by proliferated smooth muscle cells causing significant coronary luminal compromise.This type of lesion histologically resembled chronic trans-plant arteriopathy.Here,we report a third such case.展开更多
Objective: The intimal hyperplasia caused by migration and proliferation of the smooth muscle cells play a most important role in the stenosis of the vein grafts. This study is to explore how the C myc oncogene and it...Objective: The intimal hyperplasia caused by migration and proliferation of the smooth muscle cells play a most important role in the stenosis of the vein grafts. This study is to explore how the C myc oncogene and its protein contribute to the intimal hyperplasia after the jugular vein is transplanted to the abdominal aorta and to assess the effect of Mithramycin on the intimal hyperplasia. Methods: In 60 Wistar rats, a 0.8 cm segment of the right jugular vein graft was interposed at the level of the abdominal aorta. The experiment group received Mithramycin (150 μg/kg IP) 1 h before and after the operation. The control group received normal saline, specimens of vein graft at 2 and 6 h postoperatively were subjected respectively to in situ hybridization. The vein grafts 4 weeks after operation were perfusion fixed. The specimens were stained with hemotoxylin eosin and the computer morphologic analysis system was used to evaluate the degree of intimal thickening. Immunohistochemistry studies of muscle specific α actin, C myc protein and 5 Bromodeoxyuridine were performed. Results: The areas of neointimal and the ratios of neointimal to medial area were significantly smaller and lower in the Mithramycin treated than in the control rats (P< 0.05 ). The 5 Brdu labeling rate between the two groups were also different significantly (P< 0.05 ). Muscle specific α actin showed that the smooth muscle cells formed the most area of myointimal hyperplasia. Steady state C myc mRNA level was increased from 2 h to 6 h postoperatively. The positive rate of the placebo treated group was higher significantly than that of the Mithramycin treated group (P< 0.05 ). Conclusions: Mithramycin may effectively inhibits transcription of C myc in proliferating vascular smooth muscle cells and could be useful in the prevention of restenosis after vascularization. These results support the hypothesis that systemic administration of Mithramycin might immediately prevent intimal proliferation.展开更多
Background: Studies had shown many diseases affect the stability of human microbiota, but how this relates to benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) has not been well understood. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the ...Background: Studies had shown many diseases affect the stability of human microbiota, but how this relates to benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) has not been well understood. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the regulation of BPH on gut microbiota composition and metabonomics.Methods: We analyzed gut samples from rats with BPH and healthy control rats, the gut microbiota composition and metabonomics were detected by 16S rDNA sequencing and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(LC–MS/MS).Results: High-throughput sequencing results showed that gut microbiota beta-diversity increased(P<0.01) in the BPH group vs. control group. Muribaculaceae(P<0.01), Turicibacteraceae(P<0.05), Turicibacter(P<0.01) and Coprococcus(P<0.01) were significantly decreased in the BPH group, whereas that of Mollicutes(P<0.05) and Prevotella(P<0.05)were significantly increased compared with the control group. Despite profound interindividual variability, the levels of several predominant genera were different. In addition, there were no statistically significant differences in several bacteria. BPH group vs. control group: Firmicutes(52.30% vs. 57.29%, P>0.05), Bacteroidetes(46.54% vs. 41.64%,P>0.05), Clostridia(50.89% vs. 54.66%, P>0.05), Ruminococcaceae(25.67% vs. 20.56%, P>0.05). LC–MS/MS of intestinal contents revealed that differential metabolites were mainly involved in cellular processes, environmental information processing, metabolism and organismal systems. The most important pathways were global and overview maps, lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, digestive system and endocrine system. Through enrichment analysis, we found that the differential metabolites were significantly enriched in metabolic pathways, steroid hormone biosynthesis,ovarian steroidogenesis, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and bile secretion. Pearson correlation analysis(R=0.94) showed that there was a strong correlation between Prevotellaceae, Corynebacteriaceae, Turicibacteraceae,Bifidobacteriaceae and differential metabolites.Conclusions: Our findings suggested an association between the gut microbiota and BPH, but the causal relationship between the two groups is unclear. Thus, further studies are warranted to elucidate the potential mechanisms and causal relationships between BPH and gut microbiota.展开更多
Gingival hyperplasia or gingival overgrowth, which is a common trait of gingival disease, is characterized by an increase in the size of the gingiva. Gingival hyperplasia according to past reports has numerous etiolog...Gingival hyperplasia or gingival overgrowth, which is a common trait of gingival disease, is characterized by an increase in the size of the gingiva. Gingival hyperplasia according to past reports has numerous etiological factors one of which is pregnancy due to increased hormone levels. Although pregnancy does not directly cause gingival hyperplasia, it may catalyze local etiological factors. Objectives: To determine the frequency and clinical aspects of gingival hyperplasia during pregnancy. Methodology: We conducted a cross sectional descriptive study from November 2021 to June 2022 at the Yaoundé Gyneco-Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital. Data were collected using a pretested questionnaire and clinical assessments done using dental consultation kits. Data were analyzed with the International Business Machine Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM SPSS) version 21.0 software. Results: We recruited 231 eligible participants for our study. Of 231, 101 (43.7%) had gingival hyperplasia. Most of our study population were between 20 - 40 years old and gingival hyperplasia was most commonly found in the 3<sup>rd</sup> trimester (60.7%). We reported that 31.3% of our population had a plaque score 2 and only 7.8% had consulted a dentist during pregnancy. We also observed that 93.3% of our population manifested a mild/moderate form of the disease while 6.9% had a severe form. Our study showed that 72.3% and 27.3% had a localized and generalized form of the disease, respectively. Conclusion: We concluded that gingival hyperplasia is a common pathology in pregnant women. It is most found in the third trimester. It presents more commonly as a localized form, and degree of severity is mostly moderate.展开更多
Objective: Exploring the clinical efficacy of transurethral plasma enucleation of the prostate in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia with underactive bladder detrusor contractility. Methods: Retrospective a...Objective: Exploring the clinical efficacy of transurethral plasma enucleation of the prostate in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia with underactive bladder detrusor contractility. Methods: Retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 68 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and underactive detrusor muscle contractility treated by our department from July 2021 to July 2022. The above patients all met the diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia, excluding prostate cancer and urethral stricture. Urodynamics showed a decrease in the contractile force of the bladder detrusor muscle, and the surgical equipment used Olympus bipolar plasma resection equipment method. Divide the above patients into two groups: the experimental group of 34 patients who underwent transurethral plasma enucleation of the prostate and the control group of 34 patients who underwent transurethral plasma resection of the prostate. Evaluate the preoperative clinical baseline level and postoperative observation indicators of the two groups of patients, and compare the statistical differences between the two groups. Results: Both groups of patients successfully completed the surgery, and there were no serious complications such as rectal or bladder perforation during the surgery, with less bleeding. The postoperative QOL, IPSS, Qmax, and residual urine volume of patients undergoing transurethral plasma enucleation and resection of the prostate were significantly improved compared to those before surgery (P 0.05). Conclusion: Transurethral enucleation of the prostate has good efficacy and safety in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia combined with weakened detrusor muscle contractility. Compared with traditional electric resection surgery, the efficacy is more significant. In terms of the main complications of the surgery, although there are slightly more patients with temporary urinary incontinence after prostate enucleation, there is no statistically significant difference compared to after electric resection, and they can recover to normal in the short term.展开更多
文摘Objective To investigate the effect of no-touch harvesting technique in reducing vein graft intimal hyperplasia. Methods This longitudinal trial compared graft angiostenosis of two groups undergoing jugular vein to carotid artery interposition grafting in rabbit model. Conventional group:12 rabbits had their veins stripped,distended,and stored in heparinized saline solution. No-touch group:12 rabbits had veins removed with surrounding tissues,but were not distended,and stored in heparinized blood. The grafts were removed 4 weeks following grafting,and morphometry and immunohistochemistry assessment were performed. Results The intimal thickness,degree of angiostenosis and proliferation index of vascular smooth muscle cells of no-touch group were significantly reduced (P<0.01) compared with those of the conventional group. The proliferating cell nuclear antigen positive-staining cells were significantly increased (P<0.01) in the conventional group compared with whose in the no-touch group. Conclusion Harvesting the vein graft with no-touch harvesting technique could significantly reduce intimal hyperplasia of the vein graft.
基金We are grateful to Dr Guan KL （Moore＇s Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, USA） for the gift of pCMV-MEKca. This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （30770787 and 90919035）, the National Basic Research Program of China （2005CB523301）, and the International Cooperation in Science and Technology Projects （2006DFB32460） and the Hebei Province Natural Science Foundation （C2007000831）.
文摘Objective: To explore the alleviation of arterial intimal hyperplasia and improvement of outflow by inserting an autogenous vein cuff between poly tetraflu oroethylene (PTFE) graft and arteri al an astomosis. Methods: Twenty-four hindlimbs of 12 mongrel dogs were randomly divided into control group and experimental group. Sole PTFE bypasses were made in the control group, an autologous vein cuff was inserted in the distal anastomosis in the experimental group. Eight weeks after operation, angiography was made and specimens were harvested, histomorphological studies under microscope and picture analysis with computer were carried out, scanning electromicroscopy on the vein cuff was made. Results: Angiography demonstrated the patency of control and experimental group was 16. 7% and 66. 7%, respectively; Computer gave the intimal thickness: (483. 5 ± 67. 3) μm and (147. 4 ± 38. 6) μm, respectively; no obvious change was seen in medial thickness; area of intimal hyperplasia was (5217 ± 1 123) (pixel) and (31 17 ± 890) (pixel), respectively, accounting (80. 9 ± 17. 2)% and (47. 7 ± 13. 7)% of the sectional area of vessel lumen. The interpositional vein was arteriolization. Conclusion: The interpositional autologous vein cuff can obviously mitigate the arterial intimal hyperplasia after PTFE bypasses, improving postoperative patency of vascular surgery.
文摘Purpose To assess the maximum uptake of Iododeo xyur idine (IUdR) by proliferating smooth muscle cells in vitro to determine the opti mal concentration to be administrated in an in vivo experiment. The long-term g oal is to utilize radioactive IUdR to inhibit smooth muscle cell proliferation a nd restenosis of arteries after balloon angioplasty in vivo. Methods Porcine smooth muscle cells (SMCs) were cultured in 5% FBS medium and stim ulated to proliferate by the addition of medium containing 10% FBS and insulin. IUdR was added at 5 μM, 10 μM, 20 μM, 30 μM, 40 μM, respectively, in prolif erating SMCs with control for 1, 3, 5, 7 day incubation. Fluorescence Activated Cell Scanning (FACS) was performed after the SMCs were harvested and double-sta ined with FITC-conjugated anti-IUdR antibody (B44) and propidium iodide (PI). The ratio of IUdR-labeled cells to total cell population for each IUdR concentr ation and duration was determined by FACS. All data were repeated three times at each time point. The doubling times, growth curve and cell density of the proli ferating SMCs were investigated using Beckman Coulter Particle Counter and digit al microscopy. Results The percentage of proliferating SMCs uptaking IUdR incr eased from 1 to 5 days incubation with all concentrations of IUdR; In day 5, the uptake rate reached the peak value, then decreased by 7 days. IUdR uptake on d ay 5 was higher with concentrations of 10 μM and 20 μM. The doubling times of the SMCs were prolonged with IUdR concentration increasing, while the proliferat ing cell number and density compared with control decreased obviously by day 5 ( P<0.05).Conclusion The peak time to uptake IUdR was 5 days and optimal concentration of IUdR was between10 μM to 20 μM for proliferating SMCs to upta ke in vitro. IUdR itself could inhibit the SMCs’ proliferation and the inhibito ry effect was related to the concentration.[
文摘Objective: To design an extravascular trestle model coated phosphorus-32, an isotope radiating beta rays, and investigate its effects on intimal hyperplasia of autologous vein grafts. Methods: ETA cDNA was used as a gene probe specific to vascular SMCs on the basis of in situ hybridization. The femoral veins were transplanted reversely into colateral femoral arteries in rabbits, and the animals were divided into control, chemical agents and phosphorus-32 groups. The morphometry was applied to calculate the ETA cDNA expression and intimal thickness. Spearman correlation method was utilized to investigate their relationship. Results: Intimal thickness in grafts of phosphorus-32 group was markedly reduced. Additionally, intimal ETA gene expression was also decreased in beta rays group. The values increased at a slower rate significantly different from that of control and aspirin groups (P<0.01). The correlation of ETA cDNA expression and intimal thickness exhibited a strongly positive relation. Conclusion: Beta rays in extravascular model could remarkably inhibit intimal thickening and SMC proliferation. The correlation is an indirect evidence indicating that intimal hyperplasia composed of SMCs proliferation. It suggests that ETA cDNA expression could be a quantitative estimation of vascular SMC because of its specifics.
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （30370694, 30421005, 30623003, 30400245 and 30630036）, the Ministry of Science and Technology of China （2002CB513006, 2006CB943902 and 2006AA02Z 169）, the Chinese Acad- emy of Sciences （KSCX2-YW-R-67 and KJCX2-YW-H08） and the Shanghai Municipal Commission for Science and Technology （04JC14078, 06DZ22032, 055407035 and 058014578）.
基金supported by the UC Davis School of Medicine Dean’s Fellowship award,the Science Translation and Innovative Research(STAIR)grant offered by UC Davis Venture Catalyst,the National Heart,Lung,And Blood Institute under Award Number T32 HL086350 and U54HL 119893 through UC BRAID Center for Accelerated Innovation Technology Grant,and California Institute for Regenerative Medicine(CIRM)grant(TRAN3-13332).The authors would also like to thank the Combinatorial Chemistry Shared Resource at University of California Davis for assistance with design and synthesis of peptides and their derivativesUtilization of this Shared Resource was supported by the UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center Support Grant awarded by the National Cancer Institute(P30CA093373).
文摘Implantable vascular devices are widely used in clinical treatments for various vascular diseases. However, current approved clinical implantable vascular devices generally have high failure rates primarily due to their surface lacking inherent functional endothelium. Here, inspired by the pathological mechanisms of vascular device failure and physiological functions of native endothelium, we developed a new generation of bioactive parylene (poly(p-xylylene))-based conformal coating to address these challenges of the vascular devices. This coating used a polyethylene glycol (PEG) linker to introduce an endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) specific binding ligand LXW7 (cGRGDdvc) onto the vascular devices for preventing platelet adhesion and selectively capturing endogenous EPCs. Also, we confirmed the long-term stability and function of this coating in human serum. Using two vascular disease-related large animal models, a porcine carotid artery interposition model and a porcine carotid artery-jugular vein arteriovenous graft model, we demonstrated that this coating enabled rapid generation of self-renewable “living” endothelium on the blood contacting surface of the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) grafts after implantation. We expect this easy-to-apply conformal coating will present a promising avenue to engineer surface properties of “off-the-shelf” implantable vascular devices for long-lasting performance in the clinical settings.
基金supported by the Research Fund of Jianghan University(grant number 2023KJZX23).
文摘Background:Lower urinary tract symptoms commonly occur in the elderly population and seriously constrain the quality of life.Glandular fibrosis is an important pathobiological process in benign prostatic hyperplasia and is also a main inducing factor for benign prostatic hyperplasia-associated lower urinary tract symptoms.Cistanches species is an important herbal medicine resource and is traditionally used in ameliorating renal and prostatic defects.Methods:This study was to investigate the potential protective function of echinacoside(a bioactive compound from Cistanches)against prostatic fibrosis in mice and human benign prostatic hyperplasia epithelial-1 cell models.Results:It was found that echinacoside attenuated testosterone-induced prostatic hyperplasia and collagen deposition in mice,relieved prostate local inflammation and oxidative damage,and ameliorated prostatic epithelial-mesenchymal transition.Additionally,echinacoside inhibited the activation of the MKK6/MK2 signaling pathway both in vivo and in vitro.Conclusion:This study added new evidence for the anti-fibrotic function of echinacoside on the prostate and provided new insights for understanding its possible pharmacological mechanisms.
基金supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education,Science and Technology (NRF2020R1A2C1014798 to E-K Kim)。
文摘We evaluated the effect of isoquercetin(quercetin-O-3-glucoside-quercetin,IQ)as a functional component of Abeliophyllum disistichum Nakai ethanol extract(ADLE)on prostate cell proliferation and apoptosis and its effects on the IGF-1/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).Metabolites in ADLE were analyzed using UHPLC-qTOF-MS and HPLC.IQ was orally administered(1 or 10 mg/kg)to a testosterone propionate-induced BPH rat model,and its effects on the prostate weight were evaluated.The effect of IQ on androgen receptor(AR)signaling was analyzed in LNCaP cells.Whether IGF-1 and IQ affect the IGF-1/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in BPH-1 cells was also examined.The metabolites in ADLE were identified and quantified,which confirmed that ADLE contained abundant IQ(20.88 mg/g).IQ significantly reduced the prostate size in a concentration-dependent manner in a BPH rat model,and significantly decreased the expression of AR signaling factors in the rat prostate tissue and LNCaP cells in a concentration-dependent manner.IQ also inhibited the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway activated by IGF-1 treatment in BPH-1 cells.In BPH-1 cells,IQ led to G0/G1 arrest and suppressed the expression of proliferation factors while inducing apoptosis.Thus,IQ shows potential for use as a pharmaceutical and nutraceutical for BPH.
文摘Through literature and clinical research,the current status of Mongolian medicine treatment for breast hyperplasia is discussed,such as oral administration of Mongolian medicine for treatment,oral administration of Mongolian medicine combined with external application for treatment,combination of Mongolian medicine acupuncture therapy and oral administration of Mongolian medicine for treatment,integrated treatment of Mongolian and Western medicine,and combination therapy of Mongolian and traditional Chinese medicine,providing new ideas and choices for clinical research.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Funds(Nos.JKYJ2013044 and JKZ2011013)the Significant New Drugs Innovation Support Program of the National Science and Technology Project of China(No.2012ZX09502001-004)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institution
文摘The aims of the present study were to determine the effects of heparin-derived oligosaccharides(HDOs) on vascular intimal hyperplasia(IH) in balloon-injured carotid artery and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of action. An animal model was established by rubbing the endothelia within the common carotid artery(CCA) in male rabbits. The rabbits were fed a high-cholesterol diet. Arterial IH was determined by histopathological changes to the CCA. Serum lipids were detected using an automated biochemical analysis. Expressions of mR NAs for vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor(bF GF), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(VCAM-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1), scavenger receptor class B type I(SR-BI), and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1(ABCA-1) were analyzed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays. Expressions of VEGF, VCAM-1, MCP-1, SR-BI and ABCA-1 proteins were analyzed by Western blotting. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to quantify expression levels of VEGF and b FGF. Our results showed that administration of HDO significantly inhibited CCA histopathology and restenosis induced by balloon injury. The treatment with HDOs significantly decreased the m RNA and protein expression levels of VEGF, b FGF, VCAM-1, MCP-1, and SR-BI in the arterial wall; however, ABCA-1 expression level was elevated. HDO treatment led to a reduction in serum lipids(total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density and low-density lipoproteins). Our results from the rabbit model indicated that HDOs could ameliorate IH and underlying mechanism might involve VEGF, b FGF, VCAM-1, MCP-1, SR-BI, and ABCA-1.
基金We would like to thank Xing Shen and Yaqing Tang in the Innovative Drug Research Center of Chongqing University and Jing Zhou in the Department of Physiology,Basic Medical College,Peking University,for their support with the work.Thank Zhang San from Shiyanjia Lab(www.shiyanjia.com)for the modulus analysis.This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan Young Scientists Program(No:2017YFA0106000)The National Science Fund for Outstanding Young Scholars(No.31822021)+1 种基金the National Science Foundation of China(No:31771057)and The National Key Research and Development Plan(No:2016YFC1101100).
文摘Small-diameter tissue-engineered vascular grafts(sdTEVGs)with hyperglycemia resistance have not been constructed.The intimal hyperplasia caused by hyperglycemia remains problem to hinder the patency of sdTEVGs.Here,inspired by bionic regulation of nerve on vascular,we found the released neural exosomes could inhibit the abnormal phenotype transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs).The transformation was a prime culprit causing the intimal hyperplasia of sdTEVGs.To address this concern,sdTEVGs were modified with an on-demand programmable dual-responsive system of ultrathin hydrogels.An external primary Reactive Oxygen Species(ROS)-responsive Netrin-1 system was initially triggered by local inflammation to induce nerve remolding of the sdTEVGs overcoming the difficulty of nerve regeneration under hyperglycemia.Then,the internal secondary ATP-responsive DENND1A(guanine nucleotide exchange factor)system was turned on by the neurotransmitter ATP from the immigrated nerve fibers to stimulate effective release of neural exosomes.The results showed nerve fibers grow into the sdTEVGs in diabetic rats 30 days after transplantation.At day 90,the abnormal VSMCs phenotype was not detected in the sdTEVGs,which maintained long-time patency without intima hyperplasia.Our study provides new insights to construct vascular grafts resisting hyperglycemia damage.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81160528)Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Guizhou Province foundation,China(No.2009-79)
文摘Objective: To investigate the effect and potential mechanisms of rutaecarpine(Rut) in a rat artery balloon-injury model. Methods: The intimal hyperplasia model was established by rubbing the endothelia with a balloon catheter in the common carotid artery(CCA) of rats. Fifty rats were randomly divided into five groups, ie. sham, model, Rut(25, 50 and 75 mg/kg) with 10 rats of each group. The rats were treated with or without Rut(25, 50, 75 mg/kg) by intragastric administration for 14 consecutive days following injury. The morphological changes of the intima were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) and smooth muscle(SM) α-actin in the ateries were assayed by immunohistochemical staining. The m RNA expressions of c-myc, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2(ERK2), MAPK phosphatase-1(MKP-1) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase(e NOS) were determined by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The protein expressions of MKP-1 and phosphorylated ERK2(p-ERK2) were examined by Western blotting. The plasma contents of nitric oxide(NO) and cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate(c GMP) were also determined. Results: Compared with the model group, Rut treatment significantly decreased intimal thickening and ameliorated endothelial injury(P<0.05 or P<0.01). The positive expression rate of PCNA was decreased, while the expression rate of SM α-actin obviously increased in the vascular wall after Rut(50 and 75 mg/kg) administration(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Furthermore, the m RNA expressions of c-myc, ERK2 and PCNA were downregulated while the expressions of e NOS and MKP-1 were upregulated(P<0.05 or P<0.01). The protein expressions of MKP-1 and the phosphorylation of ERK2 were upregulated and downregulated after Rut(50 and 75 mg/kg) administration(P<0.05 or P<0.01), respectively. In addition, Rut dramatically reversed balloon injury-induced decrease of NO and c GMP in the plasma(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion: Rut could inhibit the balloon injury-induced carotid intimal hyperplasia in rats, possibly mediated by promotion of NO production and inhibiting ERK2 signal transduction pathways.
文摘Accelerated epicardial coronary artery atherosclerosis has been well-documented in cocaine users.There are only two reported cases of cocaine-associated diffuse intimal expansion by proliferated smooth muscle cells causing significant coronary luminal compromise.This type of lesion histologically resembled chronic trans-plant arteriopathy.Here,we report a third such case.
文摘Objective: The intimal hyperplasia caused by migration and proliferation of the smooth muscle cells play a most important role in the stenosis of the vein grafts. This study is to explore how the C myc oncogene and its protein contribute to the intimal hyperplasia after the jugular vein is transplanted to the abdominal aorta and to assess the effect of Mithramycin on the intimal hyperplasia. Methods: In 60 Wistar rats, a 0.8 cm segment of the right jugular vein graft was interposed at the level of the abdominal aorta. The experiment group received Mithramycin (150 μg/kg IP) 1 h before and after the operation. The control group received normal saline, specimens of vein graft at 2 and 6 h postoperatively were subjected respectively to in situ hybridization. The vein grafts 4 weeks after operation were perfusion fixed. The specimens were stained with hemotoxylin eosin and the computer morphologic analysis system was used to evaluate the degree of intimal thickening. Immunohistochemistry studies of muscle specific α actin, C myc protein and 5 Bromodeoxyuridine were performed. Results: The areas of neointimal and the ratios of neointimal to medial area were significantly smaller and lower in the Mithramycin treated than in the control rats (P< 0.05 ). The 5 Brdu labeling rate between the two groups were also different significantly (P< 0.05 ). Muscle specific α actin showed that the smooth muscle cells formed the most area of myointimal hyperplasia. Steady state C myc mRNA level was increased from 2 h to 6 h postoperatively. The positive rate of the placebo treated group was higher significantly than that of the Mithramycin treated group (P< 0.05 ). Conclusions: Mithramycin may effectively inhibits transcription of C myc in proliferating vascular smooth muscle cells and could be useful in the prevention of restenosis after vascularization. These results support the hypothesis that systemic administration of Mithramycin might immediately prevent intimal proliferation.
基金supported(in part)by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2042021kf1041,2042021kf1041)the Medical Science and Technique Foundation of Henan Province(SBGJ202002097)the National Key Research and Development Plan of China(2016YFC0106300)。
文摘Background: Studies had shown many diseases affect the stability of human microbiota, but how this relates to benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) has not been well understood. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the regulation of BPH on gut microbiota composition and metabonomics.Methods: We analyzed gut samples from rats with BPH and healthy control rats, the gut microbiota composition and metabonomics were detected by 16S rDNA sequencing and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(LC–MS/MS).Results: High-throughput sequencing results showed that gut microbiota beta-diversity increased(P<0.01) in the BPH group vs. control group. Muribaculaceae(P<0.01), Turicibacteraceae(P<0.05), Turicibacter(P<0.01) and Coprococcus(P<0.01) were significantly decreased in the BPH group, whereas that of Mollicutes(P<0.05) and Prevotella(P<0.05)were significantly increased compared with the control group. Despite profound interindividual variability, the levels of several predominant genera were different. In addition, there were no statistically significant differences in several bacteria. BPH group vs. control group: Firmicutes(52.30% vs. 57.29%, P>0.05), Bacteroidetes(46.54% vs. 41.64%,P>0.05), Clostridia(50.89% vs. 54.66%, P>0.05), Ruminococcaceae(25.67% vs. 20.56%, P>0.05). LC–MS/MS of intestinal contents revealed that differential metabolites were mainly involved in cellular processes, environmental information processing, metabolism and organismal systems. The most important pathways were global and overview maps, lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, digestive system and endocrine system. Through enrichment analysis, we found that the differential metabolites were significantly enriched in metabolic pathways, steroid hormone biosynthesis,ovarian steroidogenesis, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and bile secretion. Pearson correlation analysis(R=0.94) showed that there was a strong correlation between Prevotellaceae, Corynebacteriaceae, Turicibacteraceae,Bifidobacteriaceae and differential metabolites.Conclusions: Our findings suggested an association between the gut microbiota and BPH, but the causal relationship between the two groups is unclear. Thus, further studies are warranted to elucidate the potential mechanisms and causal relationships between BPH and gut microbiota.
文摘Gingival hyperplasia or gingival overgrowth, which is a common trait of gingival disease, is characterized by an increase in the size of the gingiva. Gingival hyperplasia according to past reports has numerous etiological factors one of which is pregnancy due to increased hormone levels. Although pregnancy does not directly cause gingival hyperplasia, it may catalyze local etiological factors. Objectives: To determine the frequency and clinical aspects of gingival hyperplasia during pregnancy. Methodology: We conducted a cross sectional descriptive study from November 2021 to June 2022 at the Yaoundé Gyneco-Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital. Data were collected using a pretested questionnaire and clinical assessments done using dental consultation kits. Data were analyzed with the International Business Machine Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM SPSS) version 21.0 software. Results: We recruited 231 eligible participants for our study. Of 231, 101 (43.7%) had gingival hyperplasia. Most of our study population were between 20 - 40 years old and gingival hyperplasia was most commonly found in the 3<sup>rd</sup> trimester (60.7%). We reported that 31.3% of our population had a plaque score 2 and only 7.8% had consulted a dentist during pregnancy. We also observed that 93.3% of our population manifested a mild/moderate form of the disease while 6.9% had a severe form. Our study showed that 72.3% and 27.3% had a localized and generalized form of the disease, respectively. Conclusion: We concluded that gingival hyperplasia is a common pathology in pregnant women. It is most found in the third trimester. It presents more commonly as a localized form, and degree of severity is mostly moderate.
文摘Objective: Exploring the clinical efficacy of transurethral plasma enucleation of the prostate in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia with underactive bladder detrusor contractility. Methods: Retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 68 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and underactive detrusor muscle contractility treated by our department from July 2021 to July 2022. The above patients all met the diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia, excluding prostate cancer and urethral stricture. Urodynamics showed a decrease in the contractile force of the bladder detrusor muscle, and the surgical equipment used Olympus bipolar plasma resection equipment method. Divide the above patients into two groups: the experimental group of 34 patients who underwent transurethral plasma enucleation of the prostate and the control group of 34 patients who underwent transurethral plasma resection of the prostate. Evaluate the preoperative clinical baseline level and postoperative observation indicators of the two groups of patients, and compare the statistical differences between the two groups. Results: Both groups of patients successfully completed the surgery, and there were no serious complications such as rectal or bladder perforation during the surgery, with less bleeding. The postoperative QOL, IPSS, Qmax, and residual urine volume of patients undergoing transurethral plasma enucleation and resection of the prostate were significantly improved compared to those before surgery (P 0.05). Conclusion: Transurethral enucleation of the prostate has good efficacy and safety in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia combined with weakened detrusor muscle contractility. Compared with traditional electric resection surgery, the efficacy is more significant. In terms of the main complications of the surgery, although there are slightly more patients with temporary urinary incontinence after prostate enucleation, there is no statistically significant difference compared to after electric resection, and they can recover to normal in the short term.
