The invariant subspace method is used to construct the explicit solution of a nonlinear evolution equation. The second-order nonlinear differential operators that possess invariant subspaces of submaximal dimension ar...The invariant subspace method is used to construct the explicit solution of a nonlinear evolution equation. The second-order nonlinear differential operators that possess invariant subspaces of submaximal dimension are described. There are second-order nonlinear differential operators, including cubic operators and quadratic operators, which preserve an invariant subspace of submaximal dimension. A full. description, of the second-order cubic operators with constant coefficients admitting a four-dimensional invariant subspace is given. It is shown that the maximal dimension of invaxiant subspaces preserved by a second-order cubic operator is four. Several examples are given for the construction of the exact solutions to nonlinear evolution equations with cubic nonlinearities. These solutions blow up in a finite展开更多
In this paper, third-order nonlinear differential operators are studied. It is shown that they are quadratic forms when they preserve invariant subspaces of maximal dimension. A complete description of third-order qua...In this paper, third-order nonlinear differential operators are studied. It is shown that they are quadratic forms when they preserve invariant subspaces of maximal dimension. A complete description of third-order quadratic operators with constant coefficients is obtained. One example is given to derive special solutions for evolution equations with third-order quadratic operators.展开更多
Let Mφ be the operator of multiplication by φ on a Hilbert space of functions analytic on the open unit disk. For an invariant subspace F for the multiplication operator Mz, we derive some spectral properties of the...Let Mφ be the operator of multiplication by φ on a Hilbert space of functions analytic on the open unit disk. For an invariant subspace F for the multiplication operator Mz, we derive some spectral properties of the multiplication operator Mφ ： F→F. We characterize norm, spectrum, essential norm and essential spectrum of such operators when F has the codimension n property with n∈{1,2,...,＋∞}.展开更多
Invariant subspace method is exploited to obtain exact solutions of the two- component b-family system. It is shown that the two-component b-family system admits the generalized functional separable solutions. Further...Invariant subspace method is exploited to obtain exact solutions of the two- component b-family system. It is shown that the two-component b-family system admits the generalized functional separable solutions. Furthermore, blow up and behavior of those exact solutions are also investigated.展开更多
In this paper, the invariant subspaces of the generalized strongly dispersive DGH equation are given, and the exact solutions of the strongly dispersive DGH equation are obtained. Firstly, transform nonlinear partial ...In this paper, the invariant subspaces of the generalized strongly dispersive DGH equation are given, and the exact solutions of the strongly dispersive DGH equation are obtained. Firstly, transform nonlinear partial differential Equation (PDE) into ordinary differential Equation (ODE) systems by using the invariant subspace method. Secondly, combining with the dynamical system method, we use the invariant subspaces which have been obtained to construct the exact solutions of the equation. In the end, the figures of the exact solutions are given.展开更多
In this paper, the dimension of invariant subspaces admitted by nonlinear sys- tems is estimated under certain conditions. It is shown that if the two-component nonlinear vector differential operator F = （F1, F2） wi...In this paper, the dimension of invariant subspaces admitted by nonlinear sys- tems is estimated under certain conditions. It is shown that if the two-component nonlinear vector differential operator F = （F1, F2） with orders {k1, k2} （k1≥ k2） preserves the invariant subspace Wn1^1× Wn2^2 （n1 ≥ n2）, then n1 - n2 ≤ k2, n1 ≤2（k1 ＋ k2） ＋ 1, where Wnq^q is the space generated by solutions of a linear ordinary differential equation of order nq （q = 1, 2）. Several examples including the （1＋1）-dimensional diffusion system and Ito＇s type, Drinfel＇d-Sokolov-Wilson＇s type and Whitham-Broer-Kaup＇s type equations are presented to illustrate the result. Furthermore, the estimate of dimension for m-component nonlinear systems is also given.展开更多
The inhomogeneous nonlinear diffusion equation is studied by invariant subspace and condi- tional Lie=Bgcklund symmetry methods. It is shown that the equations admit a class of invariant subspaces governed by the nonl...The inhomogeneous nonlinear diffusion equation is studied by invariant subspace and condi- tional Lie=Bgcklund symmetry methods. It is shown that the equations admit a class of invariant subspaces governed by the nonlinear ordinary differential equations, which is equivalent to a kind of higher=order conditional Lie-B^icklund symmetries of the equations. As a consequence, a number of new solutions to the inhomogeneous nonlinear diffusion equations are constructed explicitly or reduced to solving finite-dimensional dynamical sys- tems.展开更多
The key purpose of the present research is to derive the exact solutions of nonlinear water wave equations(NLWWEs)in oceans through the invariant subspace scheme(ISS).In this respect,the NLWWEs which describe specific...The key purpose of the present research is to derive the exact solutions of nonlinear water wave equations(NLWWEs)in oceans through the invariant subspace scheme(ISS).In this respect,the NLWWEs which describe specific nonlinear waves are converted to a number of systems of ordinary differential equations(ODEs)such that the resulting systems can be efficiently handled by computer algebra systems.As an accomplishment,the performance of the well-designed ISS in extracting a group of exact solutions is formally confirmed.In the end,the stability analysis for the NLWWE is investigated through the linear stability scheme.展开更多
For a backward shift invariant subspace N in H^2（Г^2）, the operators Sz and Sw on N are defined by Sz = PNTz｜N and Sw, = PNTw｜N, where PN is the orthogonal projection from L^2（Г^2） onto N. We give a characteri...For a backward shift invariant subspace N in H^2（Г^2）, the operators Sz and Sw on N are defined by Sz = PNTz｜N and Sw, = PNTw｜N, where PN is the orthogonal projection from L^2（Г^2） onto N. We give a characterization of N satisfying rank [Sz, Sw^＊] = 1.展开更多
Let G be a bounded open subset in the complex plane and let H 2(G) denote the Hardy space on G. We call a bounded simply connected domain W perfectly connected if the boundary value function of the inverse of the Riem...Let G be a bounded open subset in the complex plane and let H 2(G) denote the Hardy space on G. We call a bounded simply connected domain W perfectly connected if the boundary value function of the inverse of the Riemann map from W onto the unit disk D is almost 1–1 with respect to the Lebesgue measure on ?D and if the Riemann map belongs to the weak-star closure of the polynomials in H ∞(W). Our main theorem states: in order that for each M ∈ Lat (M z ), there exist u ∈ H ∞(G) such that M = ∨{uνH 2(G)}, it is necessary and sufficient that the following hold:each component of G is a perfectly connected domainthe harmonic measures of the components of G are mutually singularthe set of polynomials is weak-star dense in H ∞(G).Moreover, if G satisfies these conditions, then every M ∈ Lat (M z ) is of the form uH 2(G), where u ∈ H ∞(G) and the restriction of u to each of the components of G is either an inner function or zero.展开更多
Let F and G be closed subspaces of the complex Hilbert spaceH, and U and V be closed subspaces of F- and G, respectively. In this paper, using the technique of operator block, we present the necessary and sufficient c...Let F and G be closed subspaces of the complex Hilbert spaceH, and U and V be closed subspaces of F- and G, respectively. In this paper, using the technique of operator block, we present the necessary and sufficient conditions under which （U, V） is a pair of （strictly, non-degenerate） principal invariant subspaces for （F, G）.展开更多
We propose a quadratically convergent algorithm for computing the invariant subspaces of an Hermitian matrix. Each iteration of the algorithm consists of one matrix-matrix multiplication and one QR decomposition. We p...We propose a quadratically convergent algorithm for computing the invariant subspaces of an Hermitian matrix. Each iteration of the algorithm consists of one matrix-matrix multiplication and one QR decomposition. We present an accurate convergence analysis of the algorithm without using the big O notation. We also propose a general framework based on implicit rational transformations which allows us to make connections with several existing algorithms and to derive classes of extensions to our basic algorithm with faster convergence rates. Several numerical examples are given which compare some aspects of the existing algorithms and the new algorithms.展开更多
Let{T(t)}_(t≥0) be a C_(0)-semigroupon an infinite-dimensional separable Hilbert space;a suitable definition of near{T(t)^(*)}_(t≥0) invariance of a subspace is presented in this paper.A series of prototypical examp...Let{T(t)}_(t≥0) be a C_(0)-semigroupon an infinite-dimensional separable Hilbert space;a suitable definition of near{T(t)^(*)}_(t≥0) invariance of a subspace is presented in this paper.A series of prototypical examples for minimal nearly{S(t)^(*)}_(t≥0) invariant subspaces for the shift semigroup{S(t)}_(t≥0) on L^(2)(0,∞)are demonstrated,which have close links with near T_(θ)^(*)invariance on Hardy spaces of the unit disk for an inner functionθ.Especially,the corresponding subspaces on Hardy spaces of the right half-plane and the unit disk are related to model spaces.This work further includes a discussion on the structure of the closure of certain subspaces related to model spaces in Hardy spaces.展开更多
In this paper, we prove that every operator in a class of contraction operators on a Banach space whose spectrum contains the unit circle has a nontrivial hyperinvariant subspace.
In this paper, for an invariant subspace I of the weighted Bergman space, the weighted root operator is defined. We study the weighted root operator and obtain its fundamental properties when the invariant subspace I ...In this paper, for an invariant subspace I of the weighted Bergman space, the weighted root operator is defined. We study the weighted root operator and obtain its fundamental properties when the invariant subspace I has finite index. Furthermore, we give some examples of the root operator and estimate ranks of the operators.展开更多
In this paper, we show that for log(2/3)/2log2≤ β ≤1/2, suppose S is an invariant subspace of the Hardy-Sobolev spaces H_β~2(D^n) for the n-tuple of multiplication operators(M_(z_1),...,M_(z_n)). If(M_(z_1)|S,...,...In this paper, we show that for log(2/3)/2log2≤ β ≤1/2, suppose S is an invariant subspace of the Hardy-Sobolev spaces H_β~2(D^n) for the n-tuple of multiplication operators(M_(z_1),...,M_(z_n)). If(M_(z_1)|S,..., M_(z_n)|S) is doubly commuting, then for any non-empty subset α = {α_1,..., α_k} of {1,..., n}, W_α~S is a generating wandering subspace for M_α|_S =(M_(z_(α_1))|_S,..., M_(z_(α_k))|_S), that is, [W_α~S]_(M_(α |S))= S, where W_α~S=■(S ■ z_(α_i)S).展开更多
Let F be any commutative field. Let v be an integer≥1 and be a fixed 2v × 2v nonsingular alternate matrix over F. Define Sp(F)={T: 2v×2v matrix over F|TKT~T=K}. It is well-known that Sp(F) is a group with r...Let F be any commutative field. Let v be an integer≥1 and be a fixed 2v × 2v nonsingular alternate matrix over F. Define Sp(F)={T: 2v×2v matrix over F|TKT~T=K}. It is well-known that Sp(F) is a group with respect to the matrix multiplication and is called the symplectic group of degree 2v over F展开更多
We consider a Hamiltonian of a system of two fermions on a three-dimensional lattice Z<sup>3</sup> with special potential <img alt="" src="Edit_56564354-6d65-4104-9126-d4657fa750af.png&qu...We consider a Hamiltonian of a system of two fermions on a three-dimensional lattice Z<sup>3</sup> with special potential <img alt="" src="Edit_56564354-6d65-4104-9126-d4657fa750af.png" />. The corresponding Shrödinger operator <em>H</em>(<strong>k</strong>) of the system has an invariant subspac <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span><em>L</em></span><sup>-</sup><sub style="margin-left:-10px;">123</sub>(T<sup>3</sup>)</span> , where we study the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of its restriction <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span><em>H</em></span><sup>-</sup><sub style="margin-left:-10px;">123</sub></span><span style="white-space:nowrap;">(<strong>k</strong>)</span>. Moreover, there are shown that <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span><em>H</em></span><sup>-</sup><sub style="margin-left:-10px;">123</sub>(<em>k</em><sub>1</sub>, <em>k</em><sub>2</sub>, π)</span> has also infinitely many invariant subspaces <img alt="" src="Edit_4955ffad-4b18-434a-8c99-ff14779f2812.bmp" />, where the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of eigenvalue problem <img alt="" src="Edit_01b218d2-fa3e-4f39-bc2d-ce736205db93.bmp" />are explicitly found.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.10926082)the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province of China(Grant No.KJ2010A128)the Fund for Youth of Anhui Normal University,China(Grant No.2009xqn55)
文摘The invariant subspace method is used to construct the explicit solution of a nonlinear evolution equation. The second-order nonlinear differential operators that possess invariant subspaces of submaximal dimension are described. There are second-order nonlinear differential operators, including cubic operators and quadratic operators, which preserve an invariant subspace of submaximal dimension. A full. description, of the second-order cubic operators with constant coefficients admitting a four-dimensional invariant subspace is given. It is shown that the maximal dimension of invaxiant subspaces preserved by a second-order cubic operator is four. Several examples are given for the construction of the exact solutions to nonlinear evolution equations with cubic nonlinearities. These solutions blow up in a finite
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11371293)the Civil Military Integration Research Foundation of Shaanxi Province,China(Grant No.13JMR13)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province,China(Grant No.14JK1246)the Mathematical Discipline Foundation of Shaanxi Province,China(Grant No.14SXZD015)the Basic Research Project Foundation of Weinan City,China(Grant No.2013JCYJ-4)
文摘In this paper, third-order nonlinear differential operators are studied. It is shown that they are quadratic forms when they preserve invariant subspaces of maximal dimension. A complete description of third-order quadratic operators with constant coefficients is obtained. One example is given to derive special solutions for evolution equations with third-order quadratic operators.
文摘Let Mφ be the operator of multiplication by φ on a Hilbert space of functions analytic on the open unit disk. For an invariant subspace F for the multiplication operator Mz, we derive some spectral properties of the multiplication operator Mφ ： F→F. We characterize norm, spectrum, essential norm and essential spectrum of such operators when F has the codimension n property with n∈{1,2,...,＋∞}.
基金supported by NSFC(11471260)the Foundation of Shannxi Education Committee(12JK0850)
文摘Invariant subspace method is exploited to obtain exact solutions of the two- component b-family system. It is shown that the two-component b-family system admits the generalized functional separable solutions. Furthermore, blow up and behavior of those exact solutions are also investigated.
文摘In this paper, the invariant subspaces of the generalized strongly dispersive DGH equation are given, and the exact solutions of the strongly dispersive DGH equation are obtained. Firstly, transform nonlinear partial differential Equation (PDE) into ordinary differential Equation (ODE) systems by using the invariant subspace method. Secondly, combining with the dynamical system method, we use the invariant subspaces which have been obtained to construct the exact solutions of the equation. In the end, the figures of the exact solutions are given.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Distinguished Young Scholars (No.10925104)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.11001240)+1 种基金the Doctoral Program Foundation of the Ministry of Education of China (No.20106101110008)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.Y6090359,Y6090383)
文摘In this paper, the dimension of invariant subspaces admitted by nonlinear sys- tems is estimated under certain conditions. It is shown that if the two-component nonlinear vector differential operator F = （F1, F2） with orders {k1, k2} （k1≥ k2） preserves the invariant subspace Wn1^1× Wn2^2 （n1 ≥ n2）, then n1 - n2 ≤ k2, n1 ≤2（k1 ＋ k2） ＋ 1, where Wnq^q is the space generated by solutions of a linear ordinary differential equation of order nq （q = 1, 2）. Several examples including the （1＋1）-dimensional diffusion system and Ito＇s type, Drinfel＇d-Sokolov-Wilson＇s type and Whitham-Broer-Kaup＇s type equations are presented to illustrate the result. Furthermore, the estimate of dimension for m-component nonlinear systems is also given.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant No.10925104)the PhD Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China(Grant No.20106101110008)the United Funds of NSFC and Henan for Talent Training(Grant No.U1204104)
文摘The inhomogeneous nonlinear diffusion equation is studied by invariant subspace and condi- tional Lie=Bgcklund symmetry methods. It is shown that the equations admit a class of invariant subspaces governed by the nonlinear ordinary differential equations, which is equivalent to a kind of higher=order conditional Lie-B^icklund symmetries of the equations. As a consequence, a number of new solutions to the inhomogeneous nonlinear diffusion equations are constructed explicitly or reduced to solving finite-dimensional dynamical sys- tems.
文摘The key purpose of the present research is to derive the exact solutions of nonlinear water wave equations(NLWWEs)in oceans through the invariant subspace scheme(ISS).In this respect,the NLWWEs which describe specific nonlinear waves are converted to a number of systems of ordinary differential equations(ODEs)such that the resulting systems can be efficiently handled by computer algebra systems.As an accomplishment,the performance of the well-designed ISS in extracting a group of exact solutions is formally confirmed.In the end,the stability analysis for the NLWWE is investigated through the linear stability scheme.
基金supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (No. 16340037)Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
文摘For a backward shift invariant subspace N in H^2（Г^2）, the operators Sz and Sw on N are defined by Sz = PNTz｜N and Sw, = PNTw｜N, where PN is the orthogonal projection from L^2（Г^2） onto N. We give a characterization of N satisfying rank [Sz, Sw^＊] = 1.
基金This work was supported By SWUFE's Key Subjects Construction Items Funds of 211 Project of the 11th Five-Year Plan
文摘Let G be a bounded open subset in the complex plane and let H 2(G) denote the Hardy space on G. We call a bounded simply connected domain W perfectly connected if the boundary value function of the inverse of the Riemann map from W onto the unit disk D is almost 1–1 with respect to the Lebesgue measure on ?D and if the Riemann map belongs to the weak-star closure of the polynomials in H ∞(W). Our main theorem states: in order that for each M ∈ Lat (M z ), there exist u ∈ H ∞(G) such that M = ∨{uνH 2(G)}, it is necessary and sufficient that the following hold:each component of G is a perfectly connected domainthe harmonic measures of the components of G are mutually singularthe set of polynomials is weak-star dense in H ∞(G).Moreover, if G satisfies these conditions, then every M ∈ Lat (M z ) is of the form uH 2(G), where u ∈ H ∞(G) and the restriction of u to each of the components of G is either an inner function or zero.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11326107)supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11071188)Special Foundation for Excellent Young College and University Teachers(Grant No.405ZK12YQ21-ZZyyy12021)
文摘Let F and G be closed subspaces of the complex Hilbert spaceH, and U and V be closed subspaces of F- and G, respectively. In this paper, using the technique of operator block, we present the necessary and sufficient conditions under which （U, V） is a pair of （strictly, non-degenerate） principal invariant subspaces for （F, G）.
文摘We propose a quadratically convergent algorithm for computing the invariant subspaces of an Hermitian matrix. Each iteration of the algorithm consists of one matrix-matrix multiplication and one QR decomposition. We present an accurate convergence analysis of the algorithm without using the big O notation. We also propose a general framework based on implicit rational transformations which allows us to make connections with several existing algorithms and to derive classes of extensions to our basic algorithm with faster convergence rates. Several numerical examples are given which compare some aspects of the existing algorithms and the new algorithms.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11701422)。
文摘Let{T(t)}_(t≥0) be a C_(0)-semigroupon an infinite-dimensional separable Hilbert space;a suitable definition of near{T(t)^(*)}_(t≥0) invariance of a subspace is presented in this paper.A series of prototypical examples for minimal nearly{S(t)^(*)}_(t≥0) invariant subspaces for the shift semigroup{S(t)}_(t≥0) on L^(2)(0,∞)are demonstrated,which have close links with near T_(θ)^(*)invariance on Hardy spaces of the unit disk for an inner functionθ.Especially,the corresponding subspaces on Hardy spaces of the right half-plane and the unit disk are related to model spaces.This work further includes a discussion on the structure of the closure of certain subspaces related to model spaces in Hardy spaces.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of P.R.China (No.10771039)
文摘In this paper, we prove that every operator in a class of contraction operators on a Banach space whose spectrum contains the unit circle has a nontrivial hyperinvariant subspace.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.10671028 10971020)
文摘In this paper, for an invariant subspace I of the weighted Bergman space, the weighted root operator is defined. We study the weighted root operator and obtain its fundamental properties when the invariant subspace I has finite index. Furthermore, we give some examples of the root operator and estimate ranks of the operators.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(11271092,11471143)the key research project of Nanhu College of Jiaxing University(N41472001-18)
文摘In this paper, we show that for log(2/3)/2log2≤ β ≤1/2, suppose S is an invariant subspace of the Hardy-Sobolev spaces H_β~2(D^n) for the n-tuple of multiplication operators(M_(z_1),...,M_(z_n)). If(M_(z_1)|S,..., M_(z_n)|S) is doubly commuting, then for any non-empty subset α = {α_1,..., α_k} of {1,..., n}, W_α~S is a generating wandering subspace for M_α|_S =(M_(z_(α_1))|_S,..., M_(z_(α_k))|_S), that is, [W_α~S]_(M_(α |S))= S, where W_α~S=■(S ■ z_(α_i)S).
文摘Let F be any commutative field. Let v be an integer≥1 and be a fixed 2v × 2v nonsingular alternate matrix over F. Define Sp(F)={T: 2v×2v matrix over F|TKT~T=K}. It is well-known that Sp(F) is a group with respect to the matrix multiplication and is called the symplectic group of degree 2v over F
文摘We consider a Hamiltonian of a system of two fermions on a three-dimensional lattice Z<sup>3</sup> with special potential <img alt="" src="Edit_56564354-6d65-4104-9126-d4657fa750af.png" />. The corresponding Shrödinger operator <em>H</em>(<strong>k</strong>) of the system has an invariant subspac <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span><em>L</em></span><sup>-</sup><sub style="margin-left:-10px;">123</sub>(T<sup>3</sup>)</span> , where we study the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of its restriction <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span><em>H</em></span><sup>-</sup><sub style="margin-left:-10px;">123</sub></span><span style="white-space:nowrap;">(<strong>k</strong>)</span>. Moreover, there are shown that <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span><em>H</em></span><sup>-</sup><sub style="margin-left:-10px;">123</sub>(<em>k</em><sub>1</sub>, <em>k</em><sub>2</sub>, π)</span> has also infinitely many invariant subspaces <img alt="" src="Edit_4955ffad-4b18-434a-8c99-ff14779f2812.bmp" />, where the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of eigenvalue problem <img alt="" src="Edit_01b218d2-fa3e-4f39-bc2d-ce736205db93.bmp" />are explicitly found.
