The mutual relationships of three effective factors, the diameter D/d （d is the diameter of exit） of obstructed plate, exit densimetric Froude number and the distance Hid of the plate from jet orifice for obstructed...The mutual relationships of three effective factors, the diameter D/d （d is the diameter of exit） of obstructed plate, exit densimetric Froude number and the distance Hid of the plate from jet orifice for obstructed buoyant jet in static ambient, are analyzed to explain normal and abnormal rounded flowing （reverberated and bifurcated flowing）. The critical Froude numbers for obstructed buoyant jets with H/d=2, 4, 6, 8 which distinguished normal and abnormal flowing pattern are obtained. Normal rounded flowing is found only for a plate under a special value of H/d. A fitted formula of critical Froude numbers with H/d and D/d is presented to distinguish rounded flowing types. The occurring of reverberated or bifurcated flowing in abnormal rounded flow is analyzed. Based on the results of obstructed buoyant jets with D/d=1, normal rounded flowing occurred only for all conditions and axial dilution behind the plate under different H/D is obtained.展开更多
The present paper describes experimental investigation on the flow pattern and hydrodynamic effect of underwater gas jets from supersonic and sonic nozzles operated in correct- and imperfect expansion conditions. The ...The present paper describes experimental investigation on the flow pattern and hydrodynamic effect of underwater gas jets from supersonic and sonic nozzles operated in correct- and imperfect expansion conditions. The flow visualizations show that jetting is the flow regime for the submerged gas injection at a high speed in the parameter range under consideration. The obtained results indicate that high-speed gas jets in still water induce large pressure pulsations upstream of the nozzle exit and the presence of shock-cell structure in the over- and under-expanded jets leads to an increase in the intensity of the jet-induced hydrodynamic pressure.展开更多
利用常规气象观测资料和NCEP全球再分析资料,对2013年4月19日出现在山西中部的一次暴雪天气过程进行了综合分析。结果表明:高原槽、低空低涡切变线、地面回流以及河套气旋等的共同存在为暴雪天气提供了有利的流型配置;700 h Pa西南急流...利用常规气象观测资料和NCEP全球再分析资料,对2013年4月19日出现在山西中部的一次暴雪天气过程进行了综合分析。结果表明:高原槽、低空低涡切变线、地面回流以及河套气旋等的共同存在为暴雪天气提供了有利的流型配置;700 h Pa西南急流、850 h Pa偏东南急流和925 h Pa偏东急流为此次暴雪天气提供了强的水汽输送和补充;500 h Pa偏西北急流和850 h Pa偏东北强气流耦合加强,且高层正涡度输送以及低层辐合、高层辐散的倾斜垂直结构使得上升运动加强,触发低层不稳定能量释放,导致暴雪天气的发生。低层和近地层温度变化、0℃层高度下降、逆温层增厚以及垂直风切变加大是判断此次降水过程相态变化和降雪强度增强的重要指标。展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50479038)
文摘The mutual relationships of three effective factors, the diameter D/d （d is the diameter of exit） of obstructed plate, exit densimetric Froude number and the distance Hid of the plate from jet orifice for obstructed buoyant jet in static ambient, are analyzed to explain normal and abnormal rounded flowing （reverberated and bifurcated flowing）. The critical Froude numbers for obstructed buoyant jets with H/d=2, 4, 6, 8 which distinguished normal and abnormal flowing pattern are obtained. Normal rounded flowing is found only for a plate under a special value of H/d. A fitted formula of critical Froude numbers with H/d and D/d is presented to distinguish rounded flowing types. The occurring of reverberated or bifurcated flowing in abnormal rounded flow is analyzed. Based on the results of obstructed buoyant jets with D/d=1, normal rounded flowing occurred only for all conditions and axial dilution behind the plate under different H/D is obtained.
文摘The present paper describes experimental investigation on the flow pattern and hydrodynamic effect of underwater gas jets from supersonic and sonic nozzles operated in correct- and imperfect expansion conditions. The flow visualizations show that jetting is the flow regime for the submerged gas injection at a high speed in the parameter range under consideration. The obtained results indicate that high-speed gas jets in still water induce large pressure pulsations upstream of the nozzle exit and the presence of shock-cell structure in the over- and under-expanded jets leads to an increase in the intensity of the jet-induced hydrodynamic pressure.
文摘利用常规气象观测资料和NCEP全球再分析资料,对2013年4月19日出现在山西中部的一次暴雪天气过程进行了综合分析。结果表明:高原槽、低空低涡切变线、地面回流以及河套气旋等的共同存在为暴雪天气提供了有利的流型配置;700 h Pa西南急流、850 h Pa偏东南急流和925 h Pa偏东急流为此次暴雪天气提供了强的水汽输送和补充;500 h Pa偏西北急流和850 h Pa偏东北强气流耦合加强,且高层正涡度输送以及低层辐合、高层辐散的倾斜垂直结构使得上升运动加强,触发低层不稳定能量释放,导致暴雪天气的发生。低层和近地层温度变化、0℃层高度下降、逆温层增厚以及垂直风切变加大是判断此次降水过程相态变化和降雪强度增强的重要指标。
