This paper shows a didactic model (PGM), and not only, but representative of the Hadrons described in the Standard Model (SM). In this model, particles are represented by structures corresponding to geometric shapes o...This paper shows a didactic model (PGM), and not only, but representative of the Hadrons described in the Standard Model (SM). In this model, particles are represented by structures corresponding to geometric shapes of coupled quantum oscillators (IQuO). By the properties of IQuO one can define the electric charge and that of color of quarks. Showing the “aurea” (golden) triangular shape of all quarks, we manage to represent the geometric combinations of the nucleons, light mesons, and K-mesons. By the geometric shape of W-bosons, we represent the weak decay of pions and charged Kaons and neutral, highlighting in geometric terms the possibilities of decay in two and three pions of neutral Kaon and the transition to anti-Kaon. In conclusion, from this didactic representation, an in-depth and exhaustive phenomenology of hadrons emerges, which even manages to resolve some problematic aspects of the SM.展开更多
The influence of the chiral mean field on the in-plane flow in heavy ion collisions at SIS energy is investigated within covariant kaon dynamics. For the kaon mesons inside the nuclear medium a quasi-particle picture...The influence of the chiral mean field on the in-plane flow in heavy ion collisions at SIS energy is investigated within covariant kaon dynamics. For the kaon mesons inside the nuclear medium a quasi-particle picture including scalar and vector fields is adopted and compared to the standard treatment with a static potential. It is confirmed that a Lorentz force from spatial component of the vector field provides an important contribution to the in-medium kaon dynamics and strongly counterbalances the influence of the vector potential on the in-plane flow. The calculated results show that the new FOPI data can be reasonably described using the Brown & Rho parametrization, which partly takes into account the correction of higher order contributions in the chiral expansion. This indicates that one can abstract the information on the kaon potential in a nuclear medium from the analysis of the in-plane flow.展开更多
By using the new experimental data of AA potential, this paper has performed a full calculation for strange hadronic matter with different strangeness contents as well as its consequences on the global properties of n...By using the new experimental data of AA potential, this paper has performed a full calculation for strange hadronic matter with different strangeness contents as well as its consequences on the global properties of neutron star matter in relativistic mean field model. It finds that the new weak hyperon-hyperon interaction makes the equations of state much stiffer than the result of the previous strong hyperon hyperon interaction, and even stiffer than the result without consideration of hyperon-hyperon interaction. This new hyperon-hyperon interaction results in a maximum mass of 1.75M⊙ （where M⊙ stands for the mass of the Sun）, about 0.2-0.5M⊙ larger than the previous prediction with the presence of hyperons. After examining carefully the onset densities of kaon condensation it finds that this new weak version of hyperon-hyperon interaction favours the occurrence of kaons in comparison with the strong one.展开更多
The main “bottleneck” limiting the beam power in circular machines is caused by space charge effects that produce beam instabilities. To increase maximally the beam power of a “proton driver”, it is proposed to bu...The main “bottleneck” limiting the beam power in circular machines is caused by space charge effects that produce beam instabilities. To increase maximally the beam power of a “proton driver”, it is proposed to build a facility consisting solely of a 2.5 GeV injector linac (PI) and a 20 GeV pulsed superconducting linac (SCL). Such a facility could be constructed using the existing KEK accelerator infrastructure. The PI, based on the European Spallation Source (ESS) linac, would serve both as an injector to the SCL and a source of proton beams that could be used to copiously produce, e.g., muons and “cold” neutrons. Protons accelerated by the SCL would be transferred through the KEK Tristan ring in order to create neutrino, kaon and muon beams for fixed-target experiments. At a later stage, a 70 GeV proton synchrotron could be installed inside the Tristan ring. The SCL, comprising 1.3 GHz ILC-type rf cavities, could also accelerate polarized or unpolarized electron beams. After acceleration, electrons could be used to produce polarized positrons, or may traverse an XFEL undulator.展开更多
Over the last decades, great strides have been made in baryon spectroscopy, in large part due to the high-quality photoproduction data obtained at electromagnetic facilities such as JLab, MAMI, ELSA, SPring-8, BEPC, a...Over the last decades, great strides have been made in baryon spectroscopy, in large part due to the high-quality photoproduction data obtained at electromagnetic facilities such as JLab, MAMI, ELSA, SPring-8, BEPC, and others. Kaon photoproduction, in particular, with a strange (ground-state) Σ baryon, has been extensively studied.However, there exist only a limited number of studies of kaon photoproduction with a strange Σ(1385) ( Σ) baryon resonance.展开更多
CP conservation and violation in neutral kaon decay are considered from a first principles’ theory, recently published as “Scalar Strong Interaction Hadron Theory”. The arbitrary phase angle relating K0 and 0 in cu...CP conservation and violation in neutral kaon decay are considered from a first principles’ theory, recently published as “Scalar Strong Interaction Hadron Theory”. The arbitrary phase angle relating K0 and 0 in current phenomenology is identified to be related to the product of the relative energy to the relative time between the s and d quarks in these kaons. The argument of the CP violating parameter ? is predicted to be 45? without employing measured data. The K0S decay rate is twice the K0L -K0S masss difference, in near agreement with data, and both are proportional to the square of the relative energy 29.44 eV. Any pion from K0L decay will also have a mass shift of ≈1.28 × 10-5 eV. The present first principles’ theory is consistent with CP conservation. To achieve CP violation, the relative time cannot extend to both +∞ and -∞ but is bounded in at least one direction. The values of these bounds lie outside the present theory and it is unknown how they can be brought forth. -B0 mixing is also considered and the relative energy is 663.66 eV.展开更多
Taking into account the effects of shadowing and jet quenching, the large transverse momentum distribution of K＋, π＋ and K＋/π＋ ratios at s = 200 GeV originating from resolved photoproduction processes is calcula...Taking into account the effects of shadowing and jet quenching, the large transverse momentum distribution of K＋, π＋ and K＋/π＋ ratios at s = 200 GeV originating from resolved photoproduction processes is calculated based on perturbative quantum chromodynamics. It is found that the contribution of K＋ and π＋ produced by photoproduction processes is evident. The K＋ /π＋ ratios in Au-Au collisions show an obvious enhancement compared with p p collisions. The numerical results indicate that the photoproduetion processes are good modification for kaon and pion production.展开更多
In recent years the studies of the relativistic heavy-ion collisions give rise to extensive interest. One of the motivations of these studies is to probe the equation of state (EOS) of nuclear matter at high density a...In recent years the studies of the relativistic heavy-ion collisions give rise to extensive interest. One of the motivations of these studies is to probe the equation of state (EOS) of nuclear matter at high density and/or temperature. This is very significant for nuclear physics and particle physics and astrophysics. The kaons produced in the process of nuclear collisions at an incident energy of about展开更多
At Jefferson Laboratory the experiment E02-017 was carried out to investigate the fission associated with kaons in the hypernuclei-producing interaction p（e,K^＋e＇）A. The newly installed high resolution kaon spectr...At Jefferson Laboratory the experiment E02-017 was carried out to investigate the fission associated with kaons in the hypernuclei-producing interaction p（e,K^＋e＇）A. The newly installed high resolution kaon spectrometer （HKS） in Hall C was used as a key instrument to identify kaons. This paper introduces the HKS hardware and describes the way the kaons are identified. Maintaining most of the kaons （nearly 100%） in the data, HKS identifies kaons with a purity of -67% in this experiment. The resolution of the kaon target time reconstructed by HKS reaches 0.42 ns.展开更多
In this paper,we propose to investigate the d_(NΩ)dibaryon production in the K-p-→d_(NΩ)≡0 process by utilizing a kaon beam with a typical momentum of approximately 10 GeV,which may be available at COMPASS,OKA@U-7...In this paper,we propose to investigate the d_(NΩ)dibaryon production in the K-p-→d_(NΩ)≡0 process by utilizing a kaon beam with a typical momentum of approximately 10 GeV,which may be available at COMPASS,OKA@U-70,and SPS@CERN.The cross sections for K-p-→d_(NΩ)=O are estimated,and in particular,the magnitude of the cross sections is evaluated to be several hundred nanobarns at Pk=20 GeV.Considering that the d_(NΩ)dibaryon dominantly decays into≡Λand≡∑,we also estimate the cross sections for K-p→≡0Λ≡0 and K~p→≡-∑+≡0,where the d_(NΩ)dibaryon can be observed in the invariant mass distributions of≡0Λand≡-∑+,respectively.展开更多
Producing kaon mesons in heavy-ion collisions at beam energies below their threshold energy is an important way to investigate the properties of dense nuclear matter. In this study, based on the newly updated version ...Producing kaon mesons in heavy-ion collisions at beam energies below their threshold energy is an important way to investigate the properties of dense nuclear matter. In this study, based on the newly updated version of the ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics model, we introduce the kaon-nucleon(KN) potential, including both the scalar and vector(also dubbed Lorentz-like)aspects. We revisit the influence of the KN potential on the collective flow of K+mesons produced in Au+Au collisions at Elab= 1.5 Ge V/nucleon and find that the contribution of the newly included Lorentz-like force is very important, particulary for describing the directed flow of K+. Finally, the corresponding Kao S data of both directed and elliptic flows can be simultaneously reproduced well.展开更多
The directed and elliptic flow of positively charged kaons produced in 28^58Ni＋28^58Ni reactions at incident kinetic energy 1.91 AGe V are studied within the covariant kaon dynamics and compared to new data. We obser...The directed and elliptic flow of positively charged kaons produced in 28^58Ni＋28^58Ni reactions at incident kinetic energy 1.91 AGe V are studied within the covariant kaon dynamics and compared to new data. We observe that the influence of the Lorentz force on the directed and differential directed flow of K＋mesons is obvious. Our calculated results indicate that it is necessary for the Lorentz force to be included in the kaon dynamics in order to reasonably describe experimental data.展开更多
The neutral kaon meson mixing plays an important role in the test of the Standard Model （SM） and new physics beyond it. Scale invariant unparticle physics induces a flavor changing neutral current （FCNC） transitio...The neutral kaon meson mixing plays an important role in the test of the Standard Model （SM） and new physics beyond it. Scale invariant unparticle physics induces a flavor changing neutral current （FCNC） transition of m K^0-^-K^0 oscillation at the tree level. In this study, we investigate the scale invariant unparticle physics effects on the m K^0-^-K^0 mixing. Based on the current experimental data, we give constraints of m K0-K0 mixing on the unparticle parameters.展开更多
文摘This paper shows a didactic model (PGM), and not only, but representative of the Hadrons described in the Standard Model (SM). In this model, particles are represented by structures corresponding to geometric shapes of coupled quantum oscillators (IQuO). By the properties of IQuO one can define the electric charge and that of color of quarks. Showing the “aurea” (golden) triangular shape of all quarks, we manage to represent the geometric combinations of the nucleons, light mesons, and K-mesons. By the geometric shape of W-bosons, we represent the weak decay of pions and charged Kaons and neutral, highlighting in geometric terms the possibilities of decay in two and three pions of neutral Kaon and the transition to anti-Kaon. In conclusion, from this didactic representation, an in-depth and exhaustive phenomenology of hadrons emerges, which even manages to resolve some problematic aspects of the SM.
文摘The influence of the chiral mean field on the in-plane flow in heavy ion collisions at SIS energy is investigated within covariant kaon dynamics. For the kaon mesons inside the nuclear medium a quasi-particle picture including scalar and vector fields is adopted and compared to the standard treatment with a static potential. It is confirmed that a Lorentz force from spatial component of the vector field provides an important contribution to the in-medium kaon dynamics and strongly counterbalances the influence of the vector potential on the in-plane flow. The calculated results show that the new FOPI data can be reasonably described using the Brown & Rho parametrization, which partly takes into account the correction of higher order contributions in the chiral expansion. This indicates that one can abstract the information on the kaon potential in a nuclear medium from the analysis of the in-plane flow.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant Nos 10575119 and 10235030）, the Knowledge Innovation Project （Grant No KJCX2-SW-N02） of Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China （Grant No G2000077400）, the Major Prophase Research Project of Fundamental Research of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China （Grant No 2002CCB00200）, and the Asia Europe Link project （Grant No CN/ASIA-LINK/008（94791）） of the European Commission.
文摘By using the new experimental data of AA potential, this paper has performed a full calculation for strange hadronic matter with different strangeness contents as well as its consequences on the global properties of neutron star matter in relativistic mean field model. It finds that the new weak hyperon-hyperon interaction makes the equations of state much stiffer than the result of the previous strong hyperon hyperon interaction, and even stiffer than the result without consideration of hyperon-hyperon interaction. This new hyperon-hyperon interaction results in a maximum mass of 1.75M⊙ （where M⊙ stands for the mass of the Sun）, about 0.2-0.5M⊙ larger than the previous prediction with the presence of hyperons. After examining carefully the onset densities of kaon condensation it finds that this new weak version of hyperon-hyperon interaction favours the occurrence of kaons in comparison with the strong one.
文摘The main “bottleneck” limiting the beam power in circular machines is caused by space charge effects that produce beam instabilities. To increase maximally the beam power of a “proton driver”, it is proposed to build a facility consisting solely of a 2.5 GeV injector linac (PI) and a 20 GeV pulsed superconducting linac (SCL). Such a facility could be constructed using the existing KEK accelerator infrastructure. The PI, based on the European Spallation Source (ESS) linac, would serve both as an injector to the SCL and a source of proton beams that could be used to copiously produce, e.g., muons and “cold” neutrons. Protons accelerated by the SCL would be transferred through the KEK Tristan ring in order to create neutrino, kaon and muon beams for fixed-target experiments. At a later stage, a 70 GeV proton synchrotron could be installed inside the Tristan ring. The SCL, comprising 1.3 GHz ILC-type rf cavities, could also accelerate polarized or unpolarized electron beams. After acceleration, electrons could be used to produce polarized positrons, or may traverse an XFEL undulator.
基金Major State Basic Research Development Program in China (2014CB845405), National Natural Science Foundation of China (11275235, 11035006)
文摘Over the last decades, great strides have been made in baryon spectroscopy, in large part due to the high-quality photoproduction data obtained at electromagnetic facilities such as JLab, MAMI, ELSA, SPring-8, BEPC, and others. Kaon photoproduction, in particular, with a strange (ground-state) Σ baryon, has been extensively studied.However, there exist only a limited number of studies of kaon photoproduction with a strange Σ(1385) ( Σ) baryon resonance.
文摘CP conservation and violation in neutral kaon decay are considered from a first principles’ theory, recently published as “Scalar Strong Interaction Hadron Theory”. The arbitrary phase angle relating K0 and 0 in current phenomenology is identified to be related to the product of the relative energy to the relative time between the s and d quarks in these kaons. The argument of the CP violating parameter ? is predicted to be 45? without employing measured data. The K0S decay rate is twice the K0L -K0S masss difference, in near agreement with data, and both are proportional to the square of the relative energy 29.44 eV. Any pion from K0L decay will also have a mass shift of ≈1.28 × 10-5 eV. The present first principles’ theory is consistent with CP conservation. To achieve CP violation, the relative time cannot extend to both +∞ and -∞ but is bounded in at least one direction. The values of these bounds lie outside the present theory and it is unknown how they can be brought forth. -B0 mixing is also considered and the relative energy is 663.66 eV.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 11065010 and 11465021
文摘Taking into account the effects of shadowing and jet quenching, the large transverse momentum distribution of K＋, π＋ and K＋/π＋ ratios at s = 200 GeV originating from resolved photoproduction processes is calculated based on perturbative quantum chromodynamics. It is found that the contribution of K＋ and π＋ produced by photoproduction processes is evident. The K＋ /π＋ ratios in Au-Au collisions show an obvious enhancement compared with p p collisions. The numerical results indicate that the photoproduetion processes are good modification for kaon and pion production.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNuclear Industrial Science Foundation of China
文摘In recent years the studies of the relativistic heavy-ion collisions give rise to extensive interest. One of the motivations of these studies is to probe the equation of state (EOS) of nuclear matter at high density and/or temperature. This is very significant for nuclear physics and particle physics and astrophysics. The kaons produced in the process of nuclear collisions at an incident energy of about
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (10575046)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(5331492112)
文摘At Jefferson Laboratory the experiment E02-017 was carried out to investigate the fission associated with kaons in the hypernuclei-producing interaction p（e,K^＋e＇）A. The newly installed high resolution kaon spectrometer （HKS） in Hall C was used as a key instrument to identify kaons. This paper introduces the HKS hardware and describes the way the kaons are identified. Maintaining most of the kaons （nearly 100%） in the data, HKS identifies kaons with a purity of -67% in this experiment. The resolution of the kaon target time reconstructed by HKS reaches 0.42 ns.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11705056,12175037,11947224,11475192,11975245,U1832173)the Key Project of Hunan Provincial Education Department(21A0039)+3 种基金the State Scholarship Fund of China Scholarship Council(202006725011)the Sino-German CRC 110"Symmetries and the Emergence of Structure in QCD"project by NSFC(12070131001)the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences,CAS(Y7292610K1)the National Key ResearchandDevelopment Programof China(2020YFA0406300)。
文摘In this paper,we propose to investigate the d_(NΩ)dibaryon production in the K-p-→d_(NΩ)≡0 process by utilizing a kaon beam with a typical momentum of approximately 10 GeV,which may be available at COMPASS,OKA@U-70,and SPS@CERN.The cross sections for K-p-→d_(NΩ)=O are estimated,and in particular,the magnitude of the cross sections is evaluated to be several hundred nanobarns at Pk=20 GeV.Considering that the d_(NΩ)dibaryon dominantly decays into≡Λand≡∑,we also estimate the cross sections for K-p→≡0Λ≡0 and K~p→≡-∑+≡0,where the d_(NΩ)dibaryon can be observed in the invariant mass distributions of≡0Λand≡-∑+,respectively.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11375062, 11505057, and 11747312)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. LY18A050002)the project is sponsored by SRF for ROCS, SEM
文摘Producing kaon mesons in heavy-ion collisions at beam energies below their threshold energy is an important way to investigate the properties of dense nuclear matter. In this study, based on the newly updated version of the ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics model, we introduce the kaon-nucleon(KN) potential, including both the scalar and vector(also dubbed Lorentz-like)aspects. We revisit the influence of the KN potential on the collective flow of K+mesons produced in Au+Au collisions at Elab= 1.5 Ge V/nucleon and find that the contribution of the newly included Lorentz-like force is very important, particulary for describing the directed flow of K+. Finally, the corresponding Kao S data of both directed and elliptic flows can be simultaneously reproduced well.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(11265013)
文摘The directed and elliptic flow of positively charged kaons produced in 28^58Ni＋28^58Ni reactions at incident kinetic energy 1.91 AGe V are studied within the covariant kaon dynamics and compared to new data. We observe that the influence of the Lorentz force on the directed and differential directed flow of K＋mesons is obvious. Our calculated results indicate that it is necessary for the Lorentz force to be included in the kaon dynamics in order to reasonably describe experimental data.
文摘The neutral kaon meson mixing plays an important role in the test of the Standard Model （SM） and new physics beyond it. Scale invariant unparticle physics induces a flavor changing neutral current （FCNC） transition of m K^0-^-K^0 oscillation at the tree level. In this study, we investigate the scale invariant unparticle physics effects on the m K^0-^-K^0 mixing. Based on the current experimental data, we give constraints of m K0-K0 mixing on the unparticle parameters.
