An experimental study on intensifying osmotic dehydration was carried out in a state of nature and with acoustic cavitation of different cavitating intensity (0.5A, 0.TA and 0.9A) respectively, in which the material i...An experimental study on intensifying osmotic dehydration was carried out in a state of nature and with acoustic cavitation of different cavitating intensity (0.5A, 0.TA and 0.9A) respectively, in which the material is apple slice of 5 mm thickness. The result showed that acoustic cavitation remarkably enhanced the osmotic dehydration, and the water loss was accelerated with the increase of cavitating intensity. The water diffusivity coefficients ranged from 1.8 × 10^-10 m^2.s^-1 at 0.5A to 2.6 × 10^-10 m^2.s^-1 at 0.9A, and solute diffusivity coefficients ranged from 3.5×10^-11 m^2.s^-1 at 0.5A to 4.6×10^-11 m^2.s^-1 at 0.9A. On the basis of experiments, a mathematical model was established about mass transfer during osmotic dehydration, and the numerical simulation was carried out. The calculated results agree well with experimental data, and represent the rule of mass transfer during osmotic dehydration intensified by acoustic cavitation.展开更多
In this study,polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)–ionic liquid(IL) membranes were prepared for the separation of isopropyl alcohol(IPA)–water azeotropic mixtures by pervaporation.PVA-IL composite membranes were prepared by simpl...In this study,polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)–ionic liquid(IL) membranes were prepared for the separation of isopropyl alcohol(IPA)–water azeotropic mixtures by pervaporation.PVA-IL composite membranes were prepared by simple solvent evaporation method using four ILs,viz.,1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride(BMIMCl),1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride(HMIMCl),1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium tetra fluoroborate(HMIMBF4) and 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride(OMIMCl).Three ILs were used to study the effect of alkyl chain on the pervaporation performance.The study had focused on the effect feed water concentration from 10%–40%and effect of feed temperature from 50–80°C.Physiochemical properties of all the membranes were studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and contact angle measurement.The Arrhenius activation energies for permeation were estimated to be in the range 4–12 kJ·mol-1 from the temperature dependent permeation values.展开更多
Acquiring detail knowledge of the situation about release of medicial liquid is a key problem in clinical practice. By means of imitating the condition in the human body, the authors determined the osmotic velocity of...Acquiring detail knowledge of the situation about release of medicial liquid is a key problem in clinical practice. By means of imitating the condition in the human body, the authors determined the osmotic velocity of anticarcinogen, antituberculotic, antibiotic and other medicines in porous ceramic tubes. In this paper, the methods to determine the osmotic velocity of anticarcinogen and to calculate the experimental data are mainly introduced.展开更多
An evolutionary nature-inspired Firefly Algorithm (FA) is employed to set the optimal osmotic dehydration parameters in a case study of papaya. In the case, the functional form of the dehydration model is established ...An evolutionary nature-inspired Firefly Algorithm (FA) is employed to set the optimal osmotic dehydration parameters in a case study of papaya. In the case, the functional form of the dehydration model is established via a response surface technique with the resulting optimization formulation being a non-linear goal programming model. For optimization, a computationally efficient, FA-driven method is employed and the resulting solution is shown to be superior to those from previous approaches for determining the osmotic process parameters. The final component of this study provides a computational experimentation performed on the FA to illustrate the relative sensitivity of this evolutionary metaheuristic approach over a range of the two key parameters that most influence its running time-the number of iterations and the number of fireflies. This sensitivity analysis revealed that for intermediate-to-high values of either of these two key parameters, the FA would always determine overall optimal solutions, while lower values of either parameter would generate greater variability in solution quality. Since the running time complexity of the FA is polynomial in the number of fireflies but linear in the number of iterations, this experimentation shows that it is more computationally practical to run the FA using a “reasonably small” number of fireflies together with a relatively larger number of iterations than the converse.展开更多
Response surface methodology was used to investigate the effect of brine concentration (10% - 20%) solution temperature (35℃ - 55℃), and duration of osmosis (30 - 60 min) with respect to water loss (WL) and salt gai...Response surface methodology was used to investigate the effect of brine concentration (10% - 20%) solution temperature (35℃ - 55℃), and duration of osmosis (30 - 60 min) with respect to water loss (WL) and salt gain (SG). The solu- tion to sample ratio of 5/1 (w/w) was used. The Box-Behnken design of three variables and three levels including seventeen experiments formed by five central points were used for optimizing input parameters. Linear, quadratic and interaction effects of three variables were analyzed with respect to water loss and solid gain. For each response, second order polynomial models were developed using multiple regression analysis. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was per- formed to check the adequacy and accuracy of the fitted models. The response surfaces and contour maps showing the interaction of process variables were constructed. The optimum operating conditions were: solution temperature 44.89℃, brine concentration of 16.53 per cent and duration of osmosis of 47.59 min. At this optimum point, water loss and salt gain were predicted to be 44.55 per cent and 2.98 percent respectively.展开更多
The electrochemical reversibility of Mg in hybrid electrolytes based on mixtures of ionic liquid and glyme based organic solvents was investigated for applications in rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs). The electr...The electrochemical reversibility of Mg in hybrid electrolytes based on mixtures of ionic liquid and glyme based organic solvents was investigated for applications in rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs). The electrolytes demonstrate reversible reduction and oxidation of Mg only after being pre-treated with the dehydrating agent, magnesium borohydride, Mg[BH_4]_2, highlighting the importance of removing water in Mg based electrolytes. The addition magnesium di[bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide](Mg[TFSI]_2)(0.3 M) to N-butyl-n-methyl-pyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide [C4 mpyr][TFSI]/tetraglyme at a mole ratio of 1:2 showed stable CV cycling over almost 300 cycles while scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) confirmed Mg deposition, showing non-dendritic morphology and a well-aligned growth. Further thermogravimetric analysis(TGA) demonstrated a mass retention of 79% at 250℃ for this electrolyte suggesting that the presence of the ionic liquid increases thermal stability substantially making these hybrid electrolytes compatible for RMBs.展开更多
In this paper, the development of smart medical autonomous technology is considered. An example of a smart medical autonomous distributed system for diagnostics is also discussed. To develop this system for medical im...In this paper, the development of smart medical autonomous technology is considered. An example of a smart medical autonomous distributed system for diagnostics is also discussed. To develop this system for medical image analysis we review several processing methods. The use of the cuneiform dehydration method for medical diagnosis is considered. The experimental results obtained for blood serum dehydrated films are presented. The author proposes an algorithm for the primary identification of structures formed in the films and their use for automated detection of various structures for diagnostic purposes. The paper describes the first stage of image processing, i.e. the selection of filtering types for the correct identification of structural features and characteristics of the images. The results of filtering and some computational results of various types of structures in the films are presented.展开更多
The Vilsmeier reagent is well-known electrophilic reagent for synthetically useful organic transformations. Its ionic liquid version has been prepared from DMF-like ionic liquid. Apart from its other reported applicat...The Vilsmeier reagent is well-known electrophilic reagent for synthetically useful organic transformations. Its ionic liquid version has been prepared from DMF-like ionic liquid. Apart from its other reported applications, presently it has been used as an efficient organo reagent for efficient esterification. Variety of esters has been prepared from versatile carboxylic acids and alcohols under ionic liquid conditions with excellent yields. The present system offers an economically and environmentally better alternative to routine procedures.展开更多
Considering the efects of osmotic pressure,elastic bending,Maxwell pressure,surface tension,as well as fexo-electric and dielectric properties of phospholipid membrane,the shape equation for sphere vesicle in alternat...Considering the efects of osmotic pressure,elastic bending,Maxwell pressure,surface tension,as well as fexo-electric and dielectric properties of phospholipid membrane,the shape equation for sphere vesicle in alternation(AC)electric feld is derived based on the liquid crystal model by minimizing the free energy due to coupled mechanical and AC electrical felds.Besides the efect of elastic bending,the infuence of osmotic pressure and surface tension on the frequency dependent behavior of vesicle membrane in AC electric feld is also discussed.Our theoretical results for membrane deformation are consistent with corresponding experiments.The present model provides the possibility to further disclose the frequency-depended behavior of biological cells in the coupled AC electric and diferent mechanical felds.展开更多
文摘An experimental study on intensifying osmotic dehydration was carried out in a state of nature and with acoustic cavitation of different cavitating intensity (0.5A, 0.TA and 0.9A) respectively, in which the material is apple slice of 5 mm thickness. The result showed that acoustic cavitation remarkably enhanced the osmotic dehydration, and the water loss was accelerated with the increase of cavitating intensity. The water diffusivity coefficients ranged from 1.8 × 10^-10 m^2.s^-1 at 0.5A to 2.6 × 10^-10 m^2.s^-1 at 0.9A, and solute diffusivity coefficients ranged from 3.5×10^-11 m^2.s^-1 at 0.5A to 4.6×10^-11 m^2.s^-1 at 0.9A. On the basis of experiments, a mathematical model was established about mass transfer during osmotic dehydration, and the numerical simulation was carried out. The calculated results agree well with experimental data, and represent the rule of mass transfer during osmotic dehydration intensified by acoustic cavitation.
文摘In this study,polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)–ionic liquid(IL) membranes were prepared for the separation of isopropyl alcohol(IPA)–water azeotropic mixtures by pervaporation.PVA-IL composite membranes were prepared by simple solvent evaporation method using four ILs,viz.,1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride(BMIMCl),1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride(HMIMCl),1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium tetra fluoroborate(HMIMBF4) and 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride(OMIMCl).Three ILs were used to study the effect of alkyl chain on the pervaporation performance.The study had focused on the effect feed water concentration from 10%–40%and effect of feed temperature from 50–80°C.Physiochemical properties of all the membranes were studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and contact angle measurement.The Arrhenius activation energies for permeation were estimated to be in the range 4–12 kJ·mol-1 from the temperature dependent permeation values.
文摘Acquiring detail knowledge of the situation about release of medicial liquid is a key problem in clinical practice. By means of imitating the condition in the human body, the authors determined the osmotic velocity of anticarcinogen, antituberculotic, antibiotic and other medicines in porous ceramic tubes. In this paper, the methods to determine the osmotic velocity of anticarcinogen and to calculate the experimental data are mainly introduced.
文摘An evolutionary nature-inspired Firefly Algorithm (FA) is employed to set the optimal osmotic dehydration parameters in a case study of papaya. In the case, the functional form of the dehydration model is established via a response surface technique with the resulting optimization formulation being a non-linear goal programming model. For optimization, a computationally efficient, FA-driven method is employed and the resulting solution is shown to be superior to those from previous approaches for determining the osmotic process parameters. The final component of this study provides a computational experimentation performed on the FA to illustrate the relative sensitivity of this evolutionary metaheuristic approach over a range of the two key parameters that most influence its running time-the number of iterations and the number of fireflies. This sensitivity analysis revealed that for intermediate-to-high values of either of these two key parameters, the FA would always determine overall optimal solutions, while lower values of either parameter would generate greater variability in solution quality. Since the running time complexity of the FA is polynomial in the number of fireflies but linear in the number of iterations, this experimentation shows that it is more computationally practical to run the FA using a “reasonably small” number of fireflies together with a relatively larger number of iterations than the converse.
文摘Response surface methodology was used to investigate the effect of brine concentration (10% - 20%) solution temperature (35℃ - 55℃), and duration of osmosis (30 - 60 min) with respect to water loss (WL) and salt gain (SG). The solu- tion to sample ratio of 5/1 (w/w) was used. The Box-Behnken design of three variables and three levels including seventeen experiments formed by five central points were used for optimizing input parameters. Linear, quadratic and interaction effects of three variables were analyzed with respect to water loss and solid gain. For each response, second order polynomial models were developed using multiple regression analysis. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was per- formed to check the adequacy and accuracy of the fitted models. The response surfaces and contour maps showing the interaction of process variables were constructed. The optimum operating conditions were: solution temperature 44.89℃, brine concentration of 16.53 per cent and duration of osmosis of 47.59 min. At this optimum point, water loss and salt gain were predicted to be 44.55 per cent and 2.98 percent respectively.
基金support from the Australian Research Council for his Australian Laureate Fellowship
文摘The electrochemical reversibility of Mg in hybrid electrolytes based on mixtures of ionic liquid and glyme based organic solvents was investigated for applications in rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs). The electrolytes demonstrate reversible reduction and oxidation of Mg only after being pre-treated with the dehydrating agent, magnesium borohydride, Mg[BH_4]_2, highlighting the importance of removing water in Mg based electrolytes. The addition magnesium di[bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide](Mg[TFSI]_2)(0.3 M) to N-butyl-n-methyl-pyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide [C4 mpyr][TFSI]/tetraglyme at a mole ratio of 1:2 showed stable CV cycling over almost 300 cycles while scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) confirmed Mg deposition, showing non-dendritic morphology and a well-aligned growth. Further thermogravimetric analysis(TGA) demonstrated a mass retention of 79% at 250℃ for this electrolyte suggesting that the presence of the ionic liquid increases thermal stability substantially making these hybrid electrolytes compatible for RMBs.
文摘In this paper, the development of smart medical autonomous technology is considered. An example of a smart medical autonomous distributed system for diagnostics is also discussed. To develop this system for medical image analysis we review several processing methods. The use of the cuneiform dehydration method for medical diagnosis is considered. The experimental results obtained for blood serum dehydrated films are presented. The author proposes an algorithm for the primary identification of structures formed in the films and their use for automated detection of various structures for diagnostic purposes. The paper describes the first stage of image processing, i.e. the selection of filtering types for the correct identification of structural features and characteristics of the images. The results of filtering and some computational results of various types of structures in the films are presented.
文摘The Vilsmeier reagent is well-known electrophilic reagent for synthetically useful organic transformations. Its ionic liquid version has been prepared from DMF-like ionic liquid. Apart from its other reported applications, presently it has been used as an efficient organo reagent for efficient esterification. Variety of esters has been prepared from versatile carboxylic acids and alcohols under ionic liquid conditions with excellent yields. The present system offers an economically and environmentally better alternative to routine procedures.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11272046)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(NCET),and 111 Project
文摘Considering the efects of osmotic pressure,elastic bending,Maxwell pressure,surface tension,as well as fexo-electric and dielectric properties of phospholipid membrane,the shape equation for sphere vesicle in alternation(AC)electric feld is derived based on the liquid crystal model by minimizing the free energy due to coupled mechanical and AC electrical felds.Besides the efect of elastic bending,the infuence of osmotic pressure and surface tension on the frequency dependent behavior of vesicle membrane in AC electric feld is also discussed.Our theoretical results for membrane deformation are consistent with corresponding experiments.The present model provides the possibility to further disclose the frequency-depended behavior of biological cells in the coupled AC electric and diferent mechanical felds.
