With wide application of electric vehicles and large-scale in energy storage systems, the requirement of secondary batteries with higher power density and better safety gets urgent. Owing to the merits of high theoret...With wide application of electric vehicles and large-scale in energy storage systems, the requirement of secondary batteries with higher power density and better safety gets urgent. Owing to the merits of high theoretical capacity, relatively low cost and suitable discharge voltage, much attention has been paid to the transition metal sulfides. Recently, a large amount of research papers have reported about the application of transition metal sulfides in lithium ion batteries. However, the practical application of transition metal sulfides is still impeded by their fast capacity fading and poor rate performance. More well-focused researches should be operated towards the commercialization of transition metal sulfides in lithium ion batteries. In this review, recent development of using transition metal sulfides such as copper sulfides,molybdenum sulfides, cobalt sulfides, and iron sulfides as electrode materials for lithium ion batteries is presented. In addition, the electrochemical reaction mechanisms and synthetic strategy of transition metal sulfides are briefly summarized. The critical issues, challenges, and perspectives providing a further understanding of the associated electrochemical processes are also discussed.展开更多
Vacancy engineering in metal sulfides has garnered enormous attention from researchers because of their outstanding ability to modulate the optical and physiochemical properties of photocatalysts.Typically,in the case...Vacancy engineering in metal sulfides has garnered enormous attention from researchers because of their outstanding ability to modulate the optical and physiochemical properties of photocatalysts.Typically,in the case of sulfides,the catalytic activity is drastically hindered by the quick reassembly of excitons and the photocorrosion effect.Hence designing and generating S-vacancies in metal sulfides has emerged as a potential strategy for attaining adequate water splitting to generate H_(2) and O_(2) because of the simulta-neous improvement in the optoelectronic features.However,developing efficient catalysts that manifest optimal photo(electro)catalytic performance for large-scale applicability remains challenging.Therefore,it is of utmost interest to explore the insightful features of creating S-vacancy and study their impact on catalytic performance.This review article aims to comprehensively highlight the roles of S-vacancy in sulfides for amended overall water-splitting activity.The photocatalytic features of S-vacancies modulated metal sulfides are deliberated,followed by various advanced synthetic and characterization techniques for effectual generation and identification of vacancy defects.The specific aspects of S-vacancies in refin-ing the optical absorption range charge carrier dynamics,and photoinduced surface chemical reactions are critically examined for overall water splitting applications.Finally,the vouchsafing outlooks and op-portunities confronting the defect-engineered(S-vacancy)metal sulfides-based photocatalysts have been summarized.展开更多
With the rapid consumption of fossil fuels and the resulting environmental problems,researchers are working to find sustainable alternative energy and energy storage and conversion methods.Transition metal sulfur comp...With the rapid consumption of fossil fuels and the resulting environmental problems,researchers are working to find sustainable alternative energy and energy storage and conversion methods.Transition metal sulfur compounds have attracted extensive attention due to their excellent electrical conductivity,low cost,adjustable components and good electrocatalytic performance.As an alternative to noble metal catalysts,they have emerged as a promising electrocatalyst.However,their low catalytic activity and poor stability limit their large-scale practical applications.Rare earth elements,known as industrial vitamins,are widely used in various fields due to their special redox properties,oxygen affinity and electronic structure.Therefore,the construction of rare earth promoted transition metal sulfides is of far-reaching significance for the development of catalysts.Here,we review the applications of various rare earth promoted transition metal sulfides in energy storage and conversion in recent years,which focuses on three ways in rare earth promoted transition metal sulfide,including doping,interfacial modification engineering and structural facilitation.As well,these materials are used in electrochemical reactions such as OER,HER,ORR,CO_(2)RR,and so on,in order to explore the important role of rare earth in the field of electrocatalysis,the future challenges and opportunities.展开更多
Seeking and developing efficient CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)electrocatalysts is a hot topic in this era of global warming.Among material candidates for sustainable and cost-effective applications,metal sulfides...Seeking and developing efficient CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)electrocatalysts is a hot topic in this era of global warming.Among material candidates for sustainable and cost-effective applications,metal sulfides have attracted attention as promising nature-inspired materials due to multiple adsorption sites which are enhanced by the covalent character of sulfur.This article summarizes the current status regarding the utilization and development of metal sulfide materials as CO_(2)RR electrocatalysts.First,the research background and basic principles of electrochemical CO_(2)RR are introduced.Next,an overview of the main obstacles to developing efficient CO_(2)RR electrocatalysts is presented.The section is followed by a summary of the empirical evidence supporting the application of metal sulfides as CO_(2)RR electrocatalysts beside nature-inspired motivation.The summary of synthesis methods of various metal sulfides is also presented.Furthermore,the paper also highlights the recent works on metal sulfide as efficient CO_(2)RR including the undertaking strategy on the activity enhancement,and finally,discusses the challenges and prospect of metal sulfides-based CO_(2)RR electrocatalysts.Despite recent efforts,metal sulfides remain relatively unexplored as materials for CO_(2)RR electrocatalytic applications.Therefore,this review aims to stimulate novel ideas and research for improved catalyst designs and functionality.展开更多
The increasingly severe electromagnetic microwave pollution raises higher requirements for the development of efficient microwave absorption(MA)materials.Metal sulfides are regarded as potential robust MA materials be...The increasingly severe electromagnetic microwave pollution raises higher requirements for the development of efficient microwave absorption(MA)materials.Metal sulfides are regarded as potential robust MA materials because of their unique optical,thermal,electrical,and magnetic properties,as well as the controllable microstructures.However,due to the limited MA performances of unary metal sulfides,morphology regulations and foreign materials hybridizations are adopted as effective strategies to improve their MA performances.Recent years witnessed the fast research progresses on the metal sulfides based MA materials and thus,a systematic literature survey on the materials design,fabrication,characterizations,MA behaviors,and the mechanisms behind is,highly desirable to summarize the rapid progress of this hot research area so as to provide guidance for the future development trend.This review firstly reviewed the research background,research progress,and basic principles of MA materials.Subsequently,the present synthetic methods and performance improvement strategies of metal sulfides based MA materials are systematically introduced.Then,by comparing the MA properties of one-dimensional,two-dimensional,and three-dimensional metal sulfides based composites,the influence of dimensionality and morphology on the MA properties are analyzed.By summarizing the research process of metal sulfides/dielectrics composites,metal sulfides/magnets composites,and metal sulfides/dielectrics/magnets composites MA materials,the influence of foreign materials hybridizations on the loss mechanisms and impedance matching conditions of metal sulfides based composites are revealed.Finally,the challenges and development prospects of metal sulfides based MA materials are presented.This review would provide a comprehensive understanding and insightful guidance for the exploration and development of efficient MA materials with thin thickness,light weight,wide absorption bandwidth,and strong absorption intensity.展开更多
Sodium-ion battery(SIB),one of most promising battery technologies,offers an alternative low-cost solution for scalable energy storage.Developing advanced electrode materials with superior electrochemical performance ...Sodium-ion battery(SIB),one of most promising battery technologies,offers an alternative low-cost solution for scalable energy storage.Developing advanced electrode materials with superior electrochemical performance is of great significance for SIBs.Transition metal sulfides that emerge as promising anode materials have advantageous features particularly for electrochemical redox reaction,including high theoretical capacity,good cycling stability,easily-controlled structure and modifiable chemical composition.In this review,recent progress of transition metal sulfides based materials for SIBs is summarized by discussing the materials properties,advanced design strategies,electrochemical reaction mechanism and their applications in sodium-ion full batteries.Moreover,we propose several promising strategies to overcome the challenges of transition metal sulfides for SIBs,paving the way to explore and construct advanced electrode materials for SIBs and other energy storage devices.展开更多
Large quantities of metal sulfides are widely distributed in uranium ores from the Middle Jurassic Zhiluo Formation of the Shuanglong uranium deposit,southern Ordos Basin,providing a convenient condition to study the ...Large quantities of metal sulfides are widely distributed in uranium ores from the Middle Jurassic Zhiluo Formation of the Shuanglong uranium deposit,southern Ordos Basin,providing a convenient condition to study the relationship between metal sulfides and uranium minerals.The morphology and composition of uranium minerals and metal sulfides are illustrated to study uranium mineralization and mechanisms of metallogenesis.Uranium minerals can be broadly categorized as pitchblende,coffinite and brannerite.Metal sulfides associated with uranium minerals are pyrite,sphalerite,chalcopyrite and galena.Some assemblages of various metal sulfides and uranium minerals indicate that they are coeval,but the order of formation is different.Based on mineralogical observations,paragenetic sequences for mineral assemblages are discussed.Alteration of Fe-Ti oxides forms Ti oxides,brannerite and pyrite.The formation of chalcopyrite was later than that of pyrite.Clausthalite(Pb Se)replaces sphalerite or shows isomorphism with galena.There are three genetic types of galena,of which typeⅠis related to tectonic thermal events and can interact with uranyl ions to form uranium oxides and Pb;.When sulfur activity is relatively high,Pb;can form new anhedral galena,that is,typeⅡ.TypeⅢof galena is related to the decay of uranium minerals.The genetic order of the main minerals was determined as follows:Fe-Ti oxides>Ti oxides/sphalerite/pyrite>clausthalite/galenaⅠ/chalcopyrite>galenaⅡ/uranium minerals>galenaⅢduring the diagenetic stage.Hydrogen sulfide(H;S)is a decisive factor in the interaction between metal sulfides and uranium.Metal ions can react with H;S,accompanied by precipitation and enrichment of uranium minerals.展开更多
Globally,millions of people die of microbial infection-related diseases every year.The more terrible situation is that due to the overuse of antibiotics,especially in developing countries,people are struggling to figh...Globally,millions of people die of microbial infection-related diseases every year.The more terrible situation is that due to the overuse of antibiotics,especially in developing countries,people are struggling to fight with the bacteria variation.The emergence of super-bacteria will be an intractable environmental and health hazard in the future unless novel bactericidal weapons are mounted.Consequently,it is critical to develop viable antibacterial approaches to sustain the prosperous development of human society.Recent researches indicate that transition metal sulfides(TMSs)represent prominent bactericidal application potential owing to the meritorious antibacterial performance,acceptable biocompatibility,high solar energy utilization efficiency,and excellent photo-to-thermal conversion characteristics,and thus,a comprehensive review on the recent advances in this area would be beneficial for the future development.In this review article,we start with the antibacterial mechanisms of TMSs to provide a preliminary understanding.Thereafter,the state-of-the-art research progresses on the strategies for TMSs materials engineering so as to promote their antibacterial properties are systematically surveyed and summarized,followed by a summary of the practical application scenarios of TMSs-based antibacterial platforms.Finally,based on the thorough survey and analysis,we emphasize the challenges and future development trends in this area.展开更多
Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries are considered as one of the most promising candidates for next-generation energy storage systems with high energy density and reliable performance.However,the commercial applications of ...Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries are considered as one of the most promising candidates for next-generation energy storage systems with high energy density and reliable performance.However,the commercial applications of lithium-sulfur batteries is hindered by several shortcomings like the poor conductivity of sulfur and its reaction products,and the loss of active materials owing to the diffusion of lithium polysulfides(LiPSs)into the electrolyte.Hence,the effective restraining of the LiPSs and the promotion of the sluggish conversion are highly demanded to fulfill the potential of lithium-sulfur batteries.Here,we summarize the applications of transition-metal sulfides(TMSs)in the cathodes over recent years and demonstrate the unique advantages they possess to realize reliable long-life lithium-sulfur batteries.展开更多
In search of effective and stable bifunctional electrocatalyst for electrocatalytic water splitting is still a major challenge for the highly efficient H_(2) production.Here,we reported a facile strategy to design hig...In search of effective and stable bifunctional electrocatalyst for electrocatalytic water splitting is still a major challenge for the highly efficient H_(2) production.Here,we reported a facile strategy to design high-indexed Cu_(3)Pd_(13)_S_(7) nanoparticles(NPs)in situ synthesized on the three-dimensional(3D)carbon nanofibers(CNFs)by combining electrospinning and chemical vapor deposition(CVD)technology.The high-index facets with abundant active sites,the 3D architecture CNFs with high specific surface area and synergistic effect of Cu-Pd-S bonds with strong electron couplings together promote the elec-trocatalytic performance.The Cu_(3)Pd_(13)_S_(7)/CNFs shows excellent electrocatalytic activity with low overpotentials of 52 mV(10 mA cm^(−2))for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and 240 mV(10 mA cm^(−2))for oxygen evolution reaction(OER).The excellent protection of Cu_(3)Pd_(13)_S_(7) by CNFs from aggregation and electrolyte corrosion lead to the high stability of Cu_(3)Pd_(13)_S_(7)/CNFs under acidic and alkaline conditions.展开更多
Electrical and magnetic properties are two crucial factors for the designing of broadband electromagnetic wave absorption(EWA)materials.In this work,we synthesized various magnetic metal sulfides/carbon(M_(x)S_(y)/C)n...Electrical and magnetic properties are two crucial factors for the designing of broadband electromagnetic wave absorption(EWA)materials.In this work,we synthesized various magnetic metal sulfides/carbon(M_(x)S_(y)/C)nanocomposites from the precursor complex of metal in microporous polythiophene(MPT),and systematically investigated their EWA properties and mechanism.The characterization results indicate that M_(x)S_(y) were determined to be Fe_(7)S_(8)/C,Co_(9)S_(8)/C and Ni_(4)S_(3)/C,respectively.It is observed that M_(x)S_(y)/C nanocomposites exhibit remarkable EWA performances,where the maximal absorption gets to-51.3 dB,and efficient absorption can be realized in 10.32-18 GHz(7.68 GHz),which is superior to most reported magnetic carbonaceous EWA composites.Beside,the efficient absorption can be tuned to cover Ku band X band,demonstrating their great potential in practical applications.Improved conductance loss,obvious polarization relaxation,and apparent eddy current loss are deemed to make the predominant contributions to the high-performance EWA.This research opens up the exploration of novel nanocomposite coupling dielectric loss and magnetic loss using MPT-metal complex precursor for EWA applications.展开更多
Bimetallic sulfides,integrating the merits of individual components,are ideal structures for efficient electrocatalysis.However,for bimetallic sulfides including metal sulfide heterojunctions(MSH)and singlephase bimet...Bimetallic sulfides,integrating the merits of individual components,are ideal structures for efficient electrocatalysis.However,for bimetallic sulfides including metal sulfide heterojunctions(MSH)and singlephase bimetallic sulfides(SBS),it is still unclear about which one has better catalytic activity toward reversible oxygen catalysis and its difference on catalytic mechanism.In this work,we demonstrate a bimetallic sulfide electrocatalyst that could transform from metal sulfide heterojunction(CoS/FeS)to single-phase bimetallic sulfide(CoFeS_(2))through a facile temperature control strategy.The single-phase bimetallic sulfide(CoFeS_(2))affords high intrinsic activity,fast reaction kinetics and superior durability toward oxygen evolution reaction(OER)and oxygen reduction reaction(ORR).Density functional theory(DFT)simulations reveal that the(CoFeS_(2))has homogeneous electron distribution of the CoFeS_(2)structure,improves the central energy level of d band,and optimizes the O*and OOH*intermediate and efficiently reduces the energy barrier of the reaction rate-determining step(RDS).The assembled rechargeable zincair battery is more stable than the Pt/C and IrO_(2) assemblies due to the excellent electrocatalytic activity and stability of CoFeS_(2)/NC,suggesting that it has potential for use in practical applications.展开更多
As promising anodes for sodium-ion batteries,metal sulfides ubiquitously suffer from low-rate and high-plateau issues,greatly hindering their application in full-cells.Herein,exemplifying carbon nanotubes(CNTs)-string...As promising anodes for sodium-ion batteries,metal sulfides ubiquitously suffer from low-rate and high-plateau issues,greatly hindering their application in full-cells.Herein,exemplifying carbon nanotubes(CNTs)-stringed metal sulfides superstructure(CSC)assembled by nano-dispersed SnS_(2) and CoS_(2) phases,cocktail mediation effect similar to that of high-entropy materials is initially studied in ether-based electrolyte to solve the challenges.The high nano-dispersity of metal sulfides in CSC anode underlies the cocktail-like mediation effect,enabling the circumvention of intrinsic drawbacks of different metal sulfides.By utilizing ether-based electrolyte,the reversibility of metal sulfides is greatly improved,sustaining a long-life effectivity of cocktail-like mediation.As such,CSC effectively overcomes low-rate flaw of SnS_(2) and highplateau demerit of CoS_(2),simultaneously realizes a high rate and a low plateau.In half-cells,CSC delivers an ultrahigh-rate capability of 327.6 mAh g^(−1) anode at 20 A g^(−1),far outperforming those of monometallic sulfides(SnS_(2),CoS_(2))and their mixtures.Compared with CoS_(2) phase and SnS_(2)/CoS_(2) mixture,CSC shows remarkably lowered average charge voltage up to ca.0.62 V.As-assembled CSC//Na1.5VPO4.8F0.7 full-cell shows a good rate capability(0.05~1.0 A g^(−1),120.3 mAh g^(−1) electrode at 0.05 A g^(−1))and a high average discharge voltage up to 2.57 V,comparable to full-cells with alloy-type anodes.Kinetics analysis verifies that the cocktail-like mediation effect largely boosts the charge transfer and ionic diffusion in CSC,compared with single phase and mixed phases.Further mechanism study reveals that alternative and complementary electrochemical processes between nano-dispersed SnS_(2) and CoS_(2) phases are responsible for the lowered charge voltage of CSC.This electrolyte/structure-dependent cocktail-like mediation effect effectively enhances the practicability of metal sulfide anodes,which will boost the development of high-rate/-voltage sodium-ion full batteries.展开更多
Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries,known for their high energy density,are attracting extensive research interest as a promising next-generation energy storage technology.However,their widespread use has been hampered by c...Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries,known for their high energy density,are attracting extensive research interest as a promising next-generation energy storage technology.However,their widespread use has been hampered by certain issues,including the dissolution and migration of polysulfides,along with sluggish redox kinetics.Metal sulfides present a promising solution to these obstacles regarding their high electrical conductivity,strong chemical adsorption with polysulfides,and remarkable electrocatalytic capabilities for polysulfide conversion.In this review,the recent progress on the utilization of metal sulfide for suppressing polysulfide shuttling in Li-S batteries is systematically summarized,with a special focus on sulfur hosts and functional separators.The critical roles of metal sulfides in realizing high-performing Li-S batteries have been comprehensively discussed by correlating the materials’structure and electrochemical performances.Moreover,the remaining issues/challenges and future perspectives are highlighted.By offering a detailed understanding of the crucial roles of metal sulfides,this review dedicates to contributing valuable knowledge for the pursuit of high-efficiency Li-S batteries based on metal sulfides.展开更多
MnNiS_(x)@Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)as the positive electrode of supercapacitor was successfully prepared by hydrothermal method with the assistance of amino-functionalized ionic liquids.The micromorphological structures of MnN...MnNiS_(x)@Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)as the positive electrode of supercapacitor was successfully prepared by hydrothermal method with the assistance of amino-functionalized ionic liquids.The micromorphological structures of MnNiS_(x)@Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)were analyzed using X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscope,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,transmission electron microscope,and energy dispersive spectrometer to reveal the synergistic effect between MnNiSxand Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene.MnNiS——x grew into a three-dimensional coral-like structure on the surface and between layers of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)nanosheets.This structure alleviated the collapse and stacking of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x),increased the specific surface area of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x),and promoted the charges transfer on the surface of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x).The electrochemical performances of MnNiS_(x)@Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)positive electrode,such as cyclic voltammetry,galvanostatic charge/discharge,and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,were investigated.The synergistic effect between MnNiSxand Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene improved the specific capacitance and the capacitance retention of the MnNiS_(x)@Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)electrode.An asymmetric solid-state supercapacitor(ASC)assembled using MnNiS_(x)@Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)as cathode material had the power density of 816.34 W·kg^(-1),and the energy density of 35.11 Wh·kg^(-1).The capacitance retention of ASC reached 98% after 5000 cycles at a current density of 5 A·g^(-1).展开更多
Metal sulfide(MS)have good conductivity,strong adsorption ability,and excellent catalytic activity for the conversion of sulfur species,and thus,show great promise as the catalysts in LieS batteries.However,the relati...Metal sulfide(MS)have good conductivity,strong adsorption ability,and excellent catalytic activity for the conversion of sulfur species,and thus,show great promise as the catalysts in LieS batteries.However,the relationship between their properties and electrochemical performance is still unclear.Thus,further in-depth discussions are required to improve their design in Li-S batteries.This review systematically summarizes the basic structural and electrochemical properties of MSs and highlights the advantages that guarantee them as high-performance catalysts in Li-S batteries.Then,various modification strategies for MSs to enhance the catalytic activity,efficiency,and stability are also reviewed.At last,future opportunities for MS catalysts in Li-S batteries are proposed.展开更多
The performance of lithium-sulfur batteries is deteriorated by the inferior conductivity of sulfur,the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides(LiPSs),sluggish redox kinetics of polysulfide intermediates and serious vol...The performance of lithium-sulfur batteries is deteriorated by the inferior conductivity of sulfur,the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides(LiPSs),sluggish redox kinetics of polysulfide intermediates and serious volumetric expansion of sulfur.To overcome these challenges,we report a versatile route to prepare multi-functional nanocomposites with tuable hierarchical structure via ammonium hydroxide(NH_(3)·H_(2) O)induced self-assembly.The versatility of the system has been demonstrated that the organization of the hierarchical structure can be regulated by adding different amounts of NH_(3)·H_(2) O,and WS_(2) and Co_(9)S_(8) with nitrogen-doped carbon coating(denoted as WS_(2)@NC and Co_(9)S_(8)@NC)can be prepared by adding different precursor salts.When the as-prepared materials are applied for Li-S batteries,the WS_(2)@NC composite exhibits a reversible capacity of 1107.4 mAh g^(-1) at 0.1 C after 500 cycles and even 728.9 mAh g^(-1) at2 C for 1000 cycles,which is significantly better than the Co_(9)S_(8) counterpart and other reported WS_(2) sulfur hosts.Experimentally,the advantageous performance of WS_(2) could be attributed to its higher surface area and total pore volume,giving rise to the easier access to electrolyte and better ability to buffer the volume change during the charge/discharge process.Theoretically,the density function theory(DFT)calculation reveals that the as-prepared WS_(2) has a higher binding energy towards LiPSs as well as a lower energy barrier for Li^(+)diffusion on the surface than Co_(9)S_(8).More significantly,the density of states(DOS)analysis further confirms that the superior performance is mainly ascribed to the more prominent shifting and the more charge compensation from d band of W than Co,which increase electronic concentration and give more hybridization of d-p orbitals in the Fermi level of the adsorbed Li2 S4 to accelerate the lithium polysulfide interfacial redox and conversion dynamics in WS_(2).By proposing this mechanism,this work sheds new light on the understanding of catalytic conversion of lithium polysulfides at the atomic level and the strategy to develop advanced cathode materials for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries.展开更多
The high specific capacity and energy density of lithium-sulfur batteries have attracted strong considerations on their fundamental mechanism and energy applications.However,polysulfide shuttle is still the key issue ...The high specific capacity and energy density of lithium-sulfur batteries have attracted strong considerations on their fundamental mechanism and energy applications.However,polysulfide shuttle is still the key issue that impedes the development of Li-S batteries.Exploring nanocrystal hosts for polysulfide immobilization and conversion is a promising way.In this contribution,we have investigated well-dispersed Co9S8 nanocrystals grown on graphene oxide(GO)nanosheets with different degrees of dispersion as cathode host materials for Li-S batteries.The Co9S8-GO composite with 1 wt%GO(GCS1)has an average crystal size of 76 nm and shows the strongest adsorption capability toward lithium polysulfides.When used as the host material for the cathode of Li-S batteries,the GCS1-sulfur composite exhibits an initial specific capacity of^-1000 mAh g^-1 at 0.5 C and shows an average decay rate of 0.11%for 500 cycles.This work on the dispersion control of Co9S8 nanocrystals may inspire more investigations on well-dispersed nanocrystal based hosts for Li-S batteries.展开更多
Rational design of advanced cost-effective electrocatalysts is vital for the development of water electrolysis. Herein, we report a novel binder-free efficient Co_9S_8@Co_3O_4 core/shell electrocatalysts for oxygen ev...Rational design of advanced cost-effective electrocatalysts is vital for the development of water electrolysis. Herein, we report a novel binder-free efficient Co_9S_8@Co_3O_4 core/shell electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction(OER) via a combined hydrothermal-sulfurization method. The sulfurized net-like Co_9S_8 nanoflakes are strongly anchored on the Co_3O_4 nanowire core forming self-supported binder-free core/shell electrocatalysts. Positive advantages including larger active surface area of Co_9S_8 nanoflakes,and reinforced structural stability are achieved in the Co_9S_8@Co_3O_4 core/shell arrays. The OER performances of the Co_9S_8@Co_3O_4 core/shell arrays are thoroughly tested and enhanced electrocatalytic performance with lower over-potential(260 m V at 20 m A cm^(-2)) and smaller Tafel slopes(56 mV dec-1) as well as long-term durability are demonstrated in alkaline medium. Our proposed core/shell smart design may provide a new way to construct other advanced binder-free electrocatalysts for applications in electrochemical catalysis.展开更多
The shuttle effect of soluble lithium polysulfides(LiPSs)between electrodes and slow reaction kinetics lead to extreme inefficiency and poor high current cycling stability,which limits the commercial application of Li...The shuttle effect of soluble lithium polysulfides(LiPSs)between electrodes and slow reaction kinetics lead to extreme inefficiency and poor high current cycling stability,which limits the commercial application of Li-S batteries.Herein,the multi-dimensional composite frame has been proposed as the modified separator(MCCoS/PP)of Li-S battery,which is composed of CoS_(2) nanoparticles on alkali-treated MXene nanosheets and carbon nanotubes.Both experiments and theoretical calculations show that bifunctional catalytic activity can be achieved on the MCCoS/PP separator.It can not only promote the liquid-solid conversion in the reduction process,but also accelerate the decomposition of insoluble Li_(2)S in the oxidation process.In addition,LiPSs shuttle effect has been inhibited without a decrease in lithium-ion transference numbers.Simultaneously,the MCCoS/PP separator with good LiPSs adsorption capability arouses redistribution and fixing of active substances,which is also beneficial to the rate performance and cycling stability.The Li-S batteries with the MCCoS/PP separator have a specific capacity of 368.6 mAh g^(−1) at 20C,and the capacity decay per cycle is only 0.033%in 1000 cycles at 7C.Also,high area capacity(6.34 mAh cm^(−2))with a high sulfur loading(7.7 mg cm^(−2))and a low electrolyte/sulfur ratio(7.5μL mg^(−1))is achieved.展开更多
基金the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21273185 and 21621091)the National Found for Fostering Talents of Basic Science (J1310024)
文摘With wide application of electric vehicles and large-scale in energy storage systems, the requirement of secondary batteries with higher power density and better safety gets urgent. Owing to the merits of high theoretical capacity, relatively low cost and suitable discharge voltage, much attention has been paid to the transition metal sulfides. Recently, a large amount of research papers have reported about the application of transition metal sulfides in lithium ion batteries. However, the practical application of transition metal sulfides is still impeded by their fast capacity fading and poor rate performance. More well-focused researches should be operated towards the commercialization of transition metal sulfides in lithium ion batteries. In this review, recent development of using transition metal sulfides such as copper sulfides,molybdenum sulfides, cobalt sulfides, and iron sulfides as electrode materials for lithium ion batteries is presented. In addition, the electrochemical reaction mechanisms and synthetic strategy of transition metal sulfides are briefly summarized. The critical issues, challenges, and perspectives providing a further understanding of the associated electrochemical processes are also discussed.
基金This research was supported by Brain Pool Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT(No.2020H1D3A1A04081409。
文摘Vacancy engineering in metal sulfides has garnered enormous attention from researchers because of their outstanding ability to modulate the optical and physiochemical properties of photocatalysts.Typically,in the case of sulfides,the catalytic activity is drastically hindered by the quick reassembly of excitons and the photocorrosion effect.Hence designing and generating S-vacancies in metal sulfides has emerged as a potential strategy for attaining adequate water splitting to generate H_(2) and O_(2) because of the simulta-neous improvement in the optoelectronic features.However,developing efficient catalysts that manifest optimal photo(electro)catalytic performance for large-scale applicability remains challenging.Therefore,it is of utmost interest to explore the insightful features of creating S-vacancy and study their impact on catalytic performance.This review article aims to comprehensively highlight the roles of S-vacancy in sulfides for amended overall water-splitting activity.The photocatalytic features of S-vacancies modulated metal sulfides are deliberated,followed by various advanced synthetic and characterization techniques for effectual generation and identification of vacancy defects.The specific aspects of S-vacancies in refin-ing the optical absorption range charge carrier dynamics,and photoinduced surface chemical reactions are critically examined for overall water splitting applications.Finally,the vouchsafing outlooks and op-portunities confronting the defect-engineered(S-vacancy)metal sulfides-based photocatalysts have been summarized.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21922105,21931001 and 22271124)the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFA1501101)+2 种基金Special Fund Project of Guiding Scientific and Technological Innovation Development of Gansu Province(2019zX-04)the 111 Project(B20027)support by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(lzujbky-2021-pd04,Izujbky-2021-it12 and Izujbky-2021-37).
文摘With the rapid consumption of fossil fuels and the resulting environmental problems,researchers are working to find sustainable alternative energy and energy storage and conversion methods.Transition metal sulfur compounds have attracted extensive attention due to their excellent electrical conductivity,low cost,adjustable components and good electrocatalytic performance.As an alternative to noble metal catalysts,they have emerged as a promising electrocatalyst.However,their low catalytic activity and poor stability limit their large-scale practical applications.Rare earth elements,known as industrial vitamins,are widely used in various fields due to their special redox properties,oxygen affinity and electronic structure.Therefore,the construction of rare earth promoted transition metal sulfides is of far-reaching significance for the development of catalysts.Here,we review the applications of various rare earth promoted transition metal sulfides in energy storage and conversion in recent years,which focuses on three ways in rare earth promoted transition metal sulfide,including doping,interfacial modification engineering and structural facilitation.As well,these materials are used in electrochemical reactions such as OER,HER,ORR,CO_(2)RR,and so on,in order to explore the important role of rare earth in the field of electrocatalysis,the future challenges and opportunities.
基金The present work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI(Grant number 18H05159)in Scientific Research on Innovative Areas“Innovations for Light Energy Conversion(I4 LEC)”from MEXT,Japan,and was also supported by the JST Strategic International Collaborative Research Program(SICORP),Japan(Grant number JPMJSC18H7)International Science and Technology Cooperation Program(Grant No.2017YFE0127800),China.
文摘Seeking and developing efficient CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)electrocatalysts is a hot topic in this era of global warming.Among material candidates for sustainable and cost-effective applications,metal sulfides have attracted attention as promising nature-inspired materials due to multiple adsorption sites which are enhanced by the covalent character of sulfur.This article summarizes the current status regarding the utilization and development of metal sulfide materials as CO_(2)RR electrocatalysts.First,the research background and basic principles of electrochemical CO_(2)RR are introduced.Next,an overview of the main obstacles to developing efficient CO_(2)RR electrocatalysts is presented.The section is followed by a summary of the empirical evidence supporting the application of metal sulfides as CO_(2)RR electrocatalysts beside nature-inspired motivation.The summary of synthesis methods of various metal sulfides is also presented.Furthermore,the paper also highlights the recent works on metal sulfide as efficient CO_(2)RR including the undertaking strategy on the activity enhancement,and finally,discusses the challenges and prospect of metal sulfides-based CO_(2)RR electrocatalysts.Despite recent efforts,metal sulfides remain relatively unexplored as materials for CO_(2)RR electrocatalytic applications.Therefore,this review aims to stimulate novel ideas and research for improved catalyst designs and functionality.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51572157,21902085 and 51702188)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2019QF012)+1 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.2018JC036 and 2018JC046)Shandong Key Research and Development Program(No.2019JZZY010312)。
文摘The increasingly severe electromagnetic microwave pollution raises higher requirements for the development of efficient microwave absorption(MA)materials.Metal sulfides are regarded as potential robust MA materials because of their unique optical,thermal,electrical,and magnetic properties,as well as the controllable microstructures.However,due to the limited MA performances of unary metal sulfides,morphology regulations and foreign materials hybridizations are adopted as effective strategies to improve their MA performances.Recent years witnessed the fast research progresses on the metal sulfides based MA materials and thus,a systematic literature survey on the materials design,fabrication,characterizations,MA behaviors,and the mechanisms behind is,highly desirable to summarize the rapid progress of this hot research area so as to provide guidance for the future development trend.This review firstly reviewed the research background,research progress,and basic principles of MA materials.Subsequently,the present synthetic methods and performance improvement strategies of metal sulfides based MA materials are systematically introduced.Then,by comparing the MA properties of one-dimensional,two-dimensional,and three-dimensional metal sulfides based composites,the influence of dimensionality and morphology on the MA properties are analyzed.By summarizing the research process of metal sulfides/dielectrics composites,metal sulfides/magnets composites,and metal sulfides/dielectrics/magnets composites MA materials,the influence of foreign materials hybridizations on the loss mechanisms and impedance matching conditions of metal sulfides based composites are revealed.Finally,the challenges and development prospects of metal sulfides based MA materials are presented.This review would provide a comprehensive understanding and insightful guidance for the exploration and development of efficient MA materials with thin thickness,light weight,wide absorption bandwidth,and strong absorption intensity.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Research Program of China(No.2018YFB0905400,2017YFA0206301)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51925207,U1910210,21605136,and 51872277)+1 种基金Dalian National Laboratory For Clean Energy(DNL)Cooperation Fund,the CAS(DNL 180310)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WK2060140026,WK2060000009).
文摘Sodium-ion battery(SIB),one of most promising battery technologies,offers an alternative low-cost solution for scalable energy storage.Developing advanced electrode materials with superior electrochemical performance is of great significance for SIBs.Transition metal sulfides that emerge as promising anode materials have advantageous features particularly for electrochemical redox reaction,including high theoretical capacity,good cycling stability,easily-controlled structure and modifiable chemical composition.In this review,recent progress of transition metal sulfides based materials for SIBs is summarized by discussing the materials properties,advanced design strategies,electrochemical reaction mechanism and their applications in sodium-ion full batteries.Moreover,we propose several promising strategies to overcome the challenges of transition metal sulfides for SIBs,paving the way to explore and construct advanced electrode materials for SIBs and other energy storage devices.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2018YFC0604202)the National Science Fund Project (No.42172128)the International Geoscience Programme (No.IGCP-675)
文摘Large quantities of metal sulfides are widely distributed in uranium ores from the Middle Jurassic Zhiluo Formation of the Shuanglong uranium deposit,southern Ordos Basin,providing a convenient condition to study the relationship between metal sulfides and uranium minerals.The morphology and composition of uranium minerals and metal sulfides are illustrated to study uranium mineralization and mechanisms of metallogenesis.Uranium minerals can be broadly categorized as pitchblende,coffinite and brannerite.Metal sulfides associated with uranium minerals are pyrite,sphalerite,chalcopyrite and galena.Some assemblages of various metal sulfides and uranium minerals indicate that they are coeval,but the order of formation is different.Based on mineralogical observations,paragenetic sequences for mineral assemblages are discussed.Alteration of Fe-Ti oxides forms Ti oxides,brannerite and pyrite.The formation of chalcopyrite was later than that of pyrite.Clausthalite(Pb Se)replaces sphalerite or shows isomorphism with galena.There are three genetic types of galena,of which typeⅠis related to tectonic thermal events and can interact with uranyl ions to form uranium oxides and Pb;.When sulfur activity is relatively high,Pb;can form new anhedral galena,that is,typeⅡ.TypeⅢof galena is related to the decay of uranium minerals.The genetic order of the main minerals was determined as follows:Fe-Ti oxides>Ti oxides/sphalerite/pyrite>clausthalite/galenaⅠ/chalcopyrite>galenaⅡ/uranium minerals>galenaⅢduring the diagenetic stage.Hydrogen sulfide(H;S)is a decisive factor in the interaction between metal sulfides and uranium.Metal ions can react with H;S,accompanied by precipitation and enrichment of uranium minerals.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21902085 and 51572157)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Nos.ZR2019QF012 and ZR2019BEM024)+7 种基金Shenzhen Fundamental Research Program(Nos.JCYJ20190807093205660 and JCYJ20190807092803583)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20190205)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2019A1515110846)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.2018JC046 and 2018JC047)Medical and Health Science and Technology Development Project of Shandong Province(No.2018WSA01018)Science Development Program Project of Jinan(No.201805048)the Deans Research Assistance Foundation of Ji Nan Stomatology Hospital(2018-02)the Qilu Young Scholar Program of Shandong University(Nos.31370088963043 and 31370088963056).
文摘Globally,millions of people die of microbial infection-related diseases every year.The more terrible situation is that due to the overuse of antibiotics,especially in developing countries,people are struggling to fight with the bacteria variation.The emergence of super-bacteria will be an intractable environmental and health hazard in the future unless novel bactericidal weapons are mounted.Consequently,it is critical to develop viable antibacterial approaches to sustain the prosperous development of human society.Recent researches indicate that transition metal sulfides(TMSs)represent prominent bactericidal application potential owing to the meritorious antibacterial performance,acceptable biocompatibility,high solar energy utilization efficiency,and excellent photo-to-thermal conversion characteristics,and thus,a comprehensive review on the recent advances in this area would be beneficial for the future development.In this review article,we start with the antibacterial mechanisms of TMSs to provide a preliminary understanding.Thereafter,the state-of-the-art research progresses on the strategies for TMSs materials engineering so as to promote their antibacterial properties are systematically surveyed and summarized,followed by a summary of the practical application scenarios of TMSs-based antibacterial platforms.Finally,based on the thorough survey and analysis,we emphasize the challenges and future development trends in this area.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51872012)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2018YFA900)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and the 111 Project(Grant No.B17002).
文摘Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries are considered as one of the most promising candidates for next-generation energy storage systems with high energy density and reliable performance.However,the commercial applications of lithium-sulfur batteries is hindered by several shortcomings like the poor conductivity of sulfur and its reaction products,and the loss of active materials owing to the diffusion of lithium polysulfides(LiPSs)into the electrolyte.Hence,the effective restraining of the LiPSs and the promotion of the sluggish conversion are highly demanded to fulfill the potential of lithium-sulfur batteries.Here,we summarize the applications of transition-metal sulfides(TMSs)in the cathodes over recent years and demonstrate the unique advantages they possess to realize reliable long-life lithium-sulfur batteries.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant nos.51803077,52073124)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant nos.BK20180627)+3 种基金Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(2018M630517,2019T120389)the MOE and SAFEA,111 Project(B13025)the national first-class discipline program of Light Industry Technology and Engineering(LITE2018-19)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘In search of effective and stable bifunctional electrocatalyst for electrocatalytic water splitting is still a major challenge for the highly efficient H_(2) production.Here,we reported a facile strategy to design high-indexed Cu_(3)Pd_(13)_S_(7) nanoparticles(NPs)in situ synthesized on the three-dimensional(3D)carbon nanofibers(CNFs)by combining electrospinning and chemical vapor deposition(CVD)technology.The high-index facets with abundant active sites,the 3D architecture CNFs with high specific surface area and synergistic effect of Cu-Pd-S bonds with strong electron couplings together promote the elec-trocatalytic performance.The Cu_(3)Pd_(13)_S_(7)/CNFs shows excellent electrocatalytic activity with low overpotentials of 52 mV(10 mA cm^(−2))for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and 240 mV(10 mA cm^(−2))for oxygen evolution reaction(OER).The excellent protection of Cu_(3)Pd_(13)_S_(7) by CNFs from aggregation and electrolyte corrosion lead to the high stability of Cu_(3)Pd_(13)_S_(7)/CNFs under acidic and alkaline conditions.
基金financially supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.30920021107)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51702161)。
文摘Electrical and magnetic properties are two crucial factors for the designing of broadband electromagnetic wave absorption(EWA)materials.In this work,we synthesized various magnetic metal sulfides/carbon(M_(x)S_(y)/C)nanocomposites from the precursor complex of metal in microporous polythiophene(MPT),and systematically investigated their EWA properties and mechanism.The characterization results indicate that M_(x)S_(y) were determined to be Fe_(7)S_(8)/C,Co_(9)S_(8)/C and Ni_(4)S_(3)/C,respectively.It is observed that M_(x)S_(y)/C nanocomposites exhibit remarkable EWA performances,where the maximal absorption gets to-51.3 dB,and efficient absorption can be realized in 10.32-18 GHz(7.68 GHz),which is superior to most reported magnetic carbonaceous EWA composites.Beside,the efficient absorption can be tuned to cover Ku band X band,demonstrating their great potential in practical applications.Improved conductance loss,obvious polarization relaxation,and apparent eddy current loss are deemed to make the predominant contributions to the high-performance EWA.This research opens up the exploration of novel nanocomposite coupling dielectric loss and magnetic loss using MPT-metal complex precursor for EWA applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21805051 and 21875048)the Outstanding Youth Project of Guangdong Natural Science Foundation(2020B1515020028)+1 种基金the Yangcheng Scholars Research Project of Guangzhou(201831820)the Science and Technology Research Project of Guangzhou(202002010007,202102020376,202201020214)。
文摘Bimetallic sulfides,integrating the merits of individual components,are ideal structures for efficient electrocatalysis.However,for bimetallic sulfides including metal sulfide heterojunctions(MSH)and singlephase bimetallic sulfides(SBS),it is still unclear about which one has better catalytic activity toward reversible oxygen catalysis and its difference on catalytic mechanism.In this work,we demonstrate a bimetallic sulfide electrocatalyst that could transform from metal sulfide heterojunction(CoS/FeS)to single-phase bimetallic sulfide(CoFeS_(2))through a facile temperature control strategy.The single-phase bimetallic sulfide(CoFeS_(2))affords high intrinsic activity,fast reaction kinetics and superior durability toward oxygen evolution reaction(OER)and oxygen reduction reaction(ORR).Density functional theory(DFT)simulations reveal that the(CoFeS_(2))has homogeneous electron distribution of the CoFeS_(2)structure,improves the central energy level of d band,and optimizes the O*and OOH*intermediate and efficiently reduces the energy barrier of the reaction rate-determining step(RDS).The assembled rechargeable zincair battery is more stable than the Pt/C and IrO_(2) assemblies due to the excellent electrocatalytic activity and stability of CoFeS_(2)/NC,suggesting that it has potential for use in practical applications.
基金This work was supported by Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,China(No.2019A1515110980)research project from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21361162004)China Scholarship Council,and CSIRO.We acknowledge Dr Yesim Gozukara,Dr Malisja de Vries,and Dr Yunxia Yang from CSIRO(Clayton)for their help with material characterization training.
文摘As promising anodes for sodium-ion batteries,metal sulfides ubiquitously suffer from low-rate and high-plateau issues,greatly hindering their application in full-cells.Herein,exemplifying carbon nanotubes(CNTs)-stringed metal sulfides superstructure(CSC)assembled by nano-dispersed SnS_(2) and CoS_(2) phases,cocktail mediation effect similar to that of high-entropy materials is initially studied in ether-based electrolyte to solve the challenges.The high nano-dispersity of metal sulfides in CSC anode underlies the cocktail-like mediation effect,enabling the circumvention of intrinsic drawbacks of different metal sulfides.By utilizing ether-based electrolyte,the reversibility of metal sulfides is greatly improved,sustaining a long-life effectivity of cocktail-like mediation.As such,CSC effectively overcomes low-rate flaw of SnS_(2) and highplateau demerit of CoS_(2),simultaneously realizes a high rate and a low plateau.In half-cells,CSC delivers an ultrahigh-rate capability of 327.6 mAh g^(−1) anode at 20 A g^(−1),far outperforming those of monometallic sulfides(SnS_(2),CoS_(2))and their mixtures.Compared with CoS_(2) phase and SnS_(2)/CoS_(2) mixture,CSC shows remarkably lowered average charge voltage up to ca.0.62 V.As-assembled CSC//Na1.5VPO4.8F0.7 full-cell shows a good rate capability(0.05~1.0 A g^(−1),120.3 mAh g^(−1) electrode at 0.05 A g^(−1))and a high average discharge voltage up to 2.57 V,comparable to full-cells with alloy-type anodes.Kinetics analysis verifies that the cocktail-like mediation effect largely boosts the charge transfer and ionic diffusion in CSC,compared with single phase and mixed phases.Further mechanism study reveals that alternative and complementary electrochemical processes between nano-dispersed SnS_(2) and CoS_(2) phases are responsible for the lowered charge voltage of CSC.This electrolyte/structure-dependent cocktail-like mediation effect effectively enhances the practicability of metal sulfide anodes,which will boost the development of high-rate/-voltage sodium-ion full batteries.
基金supported by the open research fund of the State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays,the Startup Foundation for Introducing Talent of NUIST(Nos.2021r090 and 2021r091)Jiangsu Provincial Scientific Research and Practice Innovation Program(Nos.SJCX23_0420 and SJCX23_0421).
文摘Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries,known for their high energy density,are attracting extensive research interest as a promising next-generation energy storage technology.However,their widespread use has been hampered by certain issues,including the dissolution and migration of polysulfides,along with sluggish redox kinetics.Metal sulfides present a promising solution to these obstacles regarding their high electrical conductivity,strong chemical adsorption with polysulfides,and remarkable electrocatalytic capabilities for polysulfide conversion.In this review,the recent progress on the utilization of metal sulfide for suppressing polysulfide shuttling in Li-S batteries is systematically summarized,with a special focus on sulfur hosts and functional separators.The critical roles of metal sulfides in realizing high-performing Li-S batteries have been comprehensively discussed by correlating the materials’structure and electrochemical performances.Moreover,the remaining issues/challenges and future perspectives are highlighted.By offering a detailed understanding of the crucial roles of metal sulfides,this review dedicates to contributing valuable knowledge for the pursuit of high-efficiency Li-S batteries based on metal sulfides.
基金the financial support of the Scientific Research Funds of Huaqiao University(605-50Y17073),Xiamen,China。
文摘MnNiS_(x)@Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)as the positive electrode of supercapacitor was successfully prepared by hydrothermal method with the assistance of amino-functionalized ionic liquids.The micromorphological structures of MnNiS_(x)@Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)were analyzed using X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscope,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,transmission electron microscope,and energy dispersive spectrometer to reveal the synergistic effect between MnNiSxand Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene.MnNiS——x grew into a three-dimensional coral-like structure on the surface and between layers of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)nanosheets.This structure alleviated the collapse and stacking of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x),increased the specific surface area of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x),and promoted the charges transfer on the surface of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x).The electrochemical performances of MnNiS_(x)@Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)positive electrode,such as cyclic voltammetry,galvanostatic charge/discharge,and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,were investigated.The synergistic effect between MnNiSxand Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene improved the specific capacitance and the capacitance retention of the MnNiS_(x)@Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)electrode.An asymmetric solid-state supercapacitor(ASC)assembled using MnNiS_(x)@Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)as cathode material had the power density of 816.34 W·kg^(-1),and the energy density of 35.11 Wh·kg^(-1).The capacitance retention of ASC reached 98% after 5000 cycles at a current density of 5 A·g^(-1).
基金the support from the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFF0500600)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51932005 and 52022041)+3 种基金Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2021B1515120079)All-Solid-State Lithium Battery Electrolyte Engineering Research Centre(XMHT20200203006)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(No.JCYJ20220818101008018)Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Metal sulfide(MS)have good conductivity,strong adsorption ability,and excellent catalytic activity for the conversion of sulfur species,and thus,show great promise as the catalysts in LieS batteries.However,the relationship between their properties and electrochemical performance is still unclear.Thus,further in-depth discussions are required to improve their design in Li-S batteries.This review systematically summarizes the basic structural and electrochemical properties of MSs and highlights the advantages that guarantee them as high-performance catalysts in Li-S batteries.Then,various modification strategies for MSs to enhance the catalytic activity,efficiency,and stability are also reviewed.At last,future opportunities for MS catalysts in Li-S batteries are proposed.
基金financially supported by National Key Research and Development Program(2018YFB1502503)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(ZYGX2019J030)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2020YJ0299)。
文摘The performance of lithium-sulfur batteries is deteriorated by the inferior conductivity of sulfur,the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides(LiPSs),sluggish redox kinetics of polysulfide intermediates and serious volumetric expansion of sulfur.To overcome these challenges,we report a versatile route to prepare multi-functional nanocomposites with tuable hierarchical structure via ammonium hydroxide(NH_(3)·H_(2) O)induced self-assembly.The versatility of the system has been demonstrated that the organization of the hierarchical structure can be regulated by adding different amounts of NH_(3)·H_(2) O,and WS_(2) and Co_(9)S_(8) with nitrogen-doped carbon coating(denoted as WS_(2)@NC and Co_(9)S_(8)@NC)can be prepared by adding different precursor salts.When the as-prepared materials are applied for Li-S batteries,the WS_(2)@NC composite exhibits a reversible capacity of 1107.4 mAh g^(-1) at 0.1 C after 500 cycles and even 728.9 mAh g^(-1) at2 C for 1000 cycles,which is significantly better than the Co_(9)S_(8) counterpart and other reported WS_(2) sulfur hosts.Experimentally,the advantageous performance of WS_(2) could be attributed to its higher surface area and total pore volume,giving rise to the easier access to electrolyte and better ability to buffer the volume change during the charge/discharge process.Theoretically,the density function theory(DFT)calculation reveals that the as-prepared WS_(2) has a higher binding energy towards LiPSs as well as a lower energy barrier for Li^(+)diffusion on the surface than Co_(9)S_(8).More significantly,the density of states(DOS)analysis further confirms that the superior performance is mainly ascribed to the more prominent shifting and the more charge compensation from d band of W than Co,which increase electronic concentration and give more hybridization of d-p orbitals in the Fermi level of the adsorbed Li2 S4 to accelerate the lithium polysulfide interfacial redox and conversion dynamics in WS_(2).By proposing this mechanism,this work sheds new light on the understanding of catalytic conversion of lithium polysulfides at the atomic level and the strategy to develop advanced cathode materials for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries.
基金supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(51425204,21825501)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21776019,51832004 and U1801257)+3 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFA0202603,2016YFA0202500)the Yellow Crane Talent(Science&Technology)Program of Wuhan Citythe Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Programthe National Basic Research Program of China(2013CB934103)。
文摘The high specific capacity and energy density of lithium-sulfur batteries have attracted strong considerations on their fundamental mechanism and energy applications.However,polysulfide shuttle is still the key issue that impedes the development of Li-S batteries.Exploring nanocrystal hosts for polysulfide immobilization and conversion is a promising way.In this contribution,we have investigated well-dispersed Co9S8 nanocrystals grown on graphene oxide(GO)nanosheets with different degrees of dispersion as cathode host materials for Li-S batteries.The Co9S8-GO composite with 1 wt%GO(GCS1)has an average crystal size of 76 nm and shows the strongest adsorption capability toward lithium polysulfides.When used as the host material for the cathode of Li-S batteries,the GCS1-sulfur composite exhibits an initial specific capacity of^-1000 mAh g^-1 at 0.5 C and shows an average decay rate of 0.11%for 500 cycles.This work on the dispersion control of Co9S8 nanocrystals may inspire more investigations on well-dispersed nanocrystal based hosts for Li-S batteries.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 51728204, 51772272 and 51502263)Qianjiang Talents Plan D (grant. no. QJD1602029)+2 种基金the Startup Foundation for Hundred-Talent Program of Zhejiang Universitysupport by the Program for Innovative Research Team in University of Ministry of Education of China (IRT13037)the Key Science and Technology Innovation Team of Zhejiang Province (2010R50013)
文摘Rational design of advanced cost-effective electrocatalysts is vital for the development of water electrolysis. Herein, we report a novel binder-free efficient Co_9S_8@Co_3O_4 core/shell electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction(OER) via a combined hydrothermal-sulfurization method. The sulfurized net-like Co_9S_8 nanoflakes are strongly anchored on the Co_3O_4 nanowire core forming self-supported binder-free core/shell electrocatalysts. Positive advantages including larger active surface area of Co_9S_8 nanoflakes,and reinforced structural stability are achieved in the Co_9S_8@Co_3O_4 core/shell arrays. The OER performances of the Co_9S_8@Co_3O_4 core/shell arrays are thoroughly tested and enhanced electrocatalytic performance with lower over-potential(260 m V at 20 m A cm^(-2)) and smaller Tafel slopes(56 mV dec-1) as well as long-term durability are demonstrated in alkaline medium. Our proposed core/shell smart design may provide a new way to construct other advanced binder-free electrocatalysts for applications in electrochemical catalysis.
基金This work was financially supported by the Gansu Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21JR7RA493,17JR5RA198,2020HZ-2,21JR7RA470)the Cooperation project of Gansu Academy of Sciences(2020HZ-2)+3 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.lzujbky-2018-119,lzujbky-2018-ct08,lzujbky-2019-it23)Key Areas Scientific and Technological Research Projects in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps(No.2018AB004)Hubei University of Arts and Science(No.2020kypytd002)Xiangyang Science and Technology Research and Development(No.2020YL09).
文摘The shuttle effect of soluble lithium polysulfides(LiPSs)between electrodes and slow reaction kinetics lead to extreme inefficiency and poor high current cycling stability,which limits the commercial application of Li-S batteries.Herein,the multi-dimensional composite frame has been proposed as the modified separator(MCCoS/PP)of Li-S battery,which is composed of CoS_(2) nanoparticles on alkali-treated MXene nanosheets and carbon nanotubes.Both experiments and theoretical calculations show that bifunctional catalytic activity can be achieved on the MCCoS/PP separator.It can not only promote the liquid-solid conversion in the reduction process,but also accelerate the decomposition of insoluble Li_(2)S in the oxidation process.In addition,LiPSs shuttle effect has been inhibited without a decrease in lithium-ion transference numbers.Simultaneously,the MCCoS/PP separator with good LiPSs adsorption capability arouses redistribution and fixing of active substances,which is also beneficial to the rate performance and cycling stability.The Li-S batteries with the MCCoS/PP separator have a specific capacity of 368.6 mAh g^(−1) at 20C,and the capacity decay per cycle is only 0.033%in 1000 cycles at 7C.Also,high area capacity(6.34 mAh cm^(−2))with a high sulfur loading(7.7 mg cm^(−2))and a low electrolyte/sulfur ratio(7.5μL mg^(−1))is achieved.
