In the present study,municipal secondary sludge and purified glycerol(obtained after acid treatment of crude glycerol)were used together for lipid production using intermittent feeding strategy.Intermittent sludge fee...In the present study,municipal secondary sludge and purified glycerol(obtained after acid treatment of crude glycerol)were used together for lipid production using intermittent feeding strategy.Intermittent sludge feeding strategy(sludge SS 30 g/L)resulted in a higher biomass(54.99 g/L)and lipid concentration(25.35 g/L)at 96 h when compared to 35 g/L SS single sludge feeding or control strategy(45.67 g/L biomass&19.16 g/L lipid).Moreover,the intermittent sludge feeding strategy significantly reduced foaming and requirement of anti-foam during fermentation when compared to control strategy.The energy balance of biodiesel production from lipid obtained by intermittent sludge feeding strategy(30 g/L SS)was energeti-cally favorable.It was also revealed from yield coefficients and energy balance that sludge had an important contribution in microbial lipid and biodiesel production.展开更多
Purified glycerol obtained after acid treatment of crude glycerol solution was used as the carbon source for lipid and citric acid production using Y.lipolytica SKY7.Although purified glycerol was high in phosphorus,i...Purified glycerol obtained after acid treatment of crude glycerol solution was used as the carbon source for lipid and citric acid production using Y.lipolytica SKY7.Although purified glycerol was high in phosphorus,it was important to inves-tigate the impact of fortification of trace elements in the medium on cell growth,lipid and citric acid(CA)production.When all the trace elements(including phosphates and sulfates)required for growth and lipid production were added to the purified glycerol medium,high biomass(51.67 g/L)and lipid concentration(19.47 g/L)were observed at 96 h of fed-batch fermentation with low CA concentration of 5.42 g/L.The purified glycerol medium without additional trace elements gave low biomass(27.67 g/L),lipid concentration(9.35 g/L)at 80 h of fed-batch fermentation,but gave high CA concentration(24.51 g/L).When purified glycerol was provided with only sulfates or all elements except KH_(2)PO_(4),low biomass(32.59 g/L and 38.52 g/L)and citric acid concentration(1 g/L and 2.42 g/L)were obtained at 96 h.展开更多
Starch containing wastewaters from the food and feed industry have been identified as potential cheap carbon sources for the production of microbial lipids. Due to its high potential lipid content the oleaginous yeast...Starch containing wastewaters from the food and feed industry have been identified as potential cheap carbon sources for the production of microbial lipids. Due to its high potential lipid content the oleaginous yeast Rhodotorula glutinis is often used for fermentations in this field. Moreover it is investigated in the context of microbial carotenoid production, which also requires a cheap source of carbon. Thus, the ability of R. glutinis (ATCC 15125TM) to degrade and utilize soluble starch for the production of lipids has been assessed in this study. While glucose and fructose were readily consumed from the medium, starch was only slightly reduced in one treatment. The yield of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) was graduated corresponding to the initial sugar contents, with the highest FAME yield (1.5 g·L-1) at the highest initial sugar content. In the treatment that contained starch as single carbon source, no FAME production was realized. Accordingly, if starchy wastewaters should be used for microbial cultivation with R. glutinis, an enzymatic or chemical pretreatment for starch hydrolysis should be applied, to increase the availability of this carbon source.展开更多
Four non-conventional yeast strains belonging to the genera Yarrowia and Rhodosporidium were cultivated under nitrogen-limited conditions in shake flasks with biodiesel-derived glycerol employed as sole substrate.The ...Four non-conventional yeast strains belonging to the genera Yarrowia and Rhodosporidium were cultivated under nitrogen-limited conditions in shake flasks with biodiesel-derived glycerol employed as sole substrate.The strains R.toruloides DSM 4444 and Y.lipolytica ACA-DC 5033 displayed better performances and were further studied.At initial glycerol(Gly0)≈50 g/L,the strain ACA-DC 5033 produced dry cell weight(DCW)≈7.0 g/L,and also secondary extra-cellular metabolites as citric acid(CA)at≈16 g/L and polyols(Pol)(mannitol,erythritol and arabitol)at≈21 g/L.In double-media(besides nitrogen also Mg was limiting)for Gly0≈50 g/L,a shift towards CA production occurred(CAmax≈33 g/L).The strain DSM 4444 at Gly0≈50 g/L produced DCW=18.1 g/L containing lipids=30.3%in DCW.In single nitrogen-limited media with Gly0≈90 g/L,the strain ACA-DC 5033 produced Pol≈48 g/L and CA≈20 g/L,while the strain DSM 4444 produced DCW=27.3 g/L containing lipid=54.5%w/w.At the late growth phases,metabolites were re-consumed.Balanced growth phase(trophophase)and phase of secondary metabolite synthesis(idiophase)were successfully simulated with the aid of a modified Velhlust-Aggelis model.Lipid extraction process was studied for these two strains by using two different extraction methods.Yeast lipids contained mostly oleic acid,constituting suitable precursors for the synthesis of 2nd generation biodiesel.展开更多
基金This research has been funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(Grant A4984).
文摘In the present study,municipal secondary sludge and purified glycerol(obtained after acid treatment of crude glycerol)were used together for lipid production using intermittent feeding strategy.Intermittent sludge feeding strategy(sludge SS 30 g/L)resulted in a higher biomass(54.99 g/L)and lipid concentration(25.35 g/L)at 96 h when compared to 35 g/L SS single sludge feeding or control strategy(45.67 g/L biomass&19.16 g/L lipid).Moreover,the intermittent sludge feeding strategy significantly reduced foaming and requirement of anti-foam during fermentation when compared to control strategy.The energy balance of biodiesel production from lipid obtained by intermittent sludge feeding strategy(30 g/L SS)was energeti-cally favorable.It was also revealed from yield coefficients and energy balance that sludge had an important contribution in microbial lipid and biodiesel production.
文摘Purified glycerol obtained after acid treatment of crude glycerol solution was used as the carbon source for lipid and citric acid production using Y.lipolytica SKY7.Although purified glycerol was high in phosphorus,it was important to inves-tigate the impact of fortification of trace elements in the medium on cell growth,lipid and citric acid(CA)production.When all the trace elements(including phosphates and sulfates)required for growth and lipid production were added to the purified glycerol medium,high biomass(51.67 g/L)and lipid concentration(19.47 g/L)were observed at 96 h of fed-batch fermentation with low CA concentration of 5.42 g/L.The purified glycerol medium without additional trace elements gave low biomass(27.67 g/L),lipid concentration(9.35 g/L)at 80 h of fed-batch fermentation,but gave high CA concentration(24.51 g/L).When purified glycerol was provided with only sulfates or all elements except KH_(2)PO_(4),low biomass(32.59 g/L and 38.52 g/L)and citric acid concentration(1 g/L and 2.42 g/L)were obtained at 96 h.
文摘Starch containing wastewaters from the food and feed industry have been identified as potential cheap carbon sources for the production of microbial lipids. Due to its high potential lipid content the oleaginous yeast Rhodotorula glutinis is often used for fermentations in this field. Moreover it is investigated in the context of microbial carotenoid production, which also requires a cheap source of carbon. Thus, the ability of R. glutinis (ATCC 15125TM) to degrade and utilize soluble starch for the production of lipids has been assessed in this study. While glucose and fructose were readily consumed from the medium, starch was only slightly reduced in one treatment. The yield of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) was graduated corresponding to the initial sugar contents, with the highest FAME yield (1.5 g·L-1) at the highest initial sugar content. In the treatment that contained starch as single carbon source, no FAME production was realized. Accordingly, if starchy wastewaters should be used for microbial cultivation with R. glutinis, an enzymatic or chemical pretreatment for starch hydrolysis should be applied, to increase the availability of this carbon source.
基金financially supported by the project entitled“Adding value to biodiesel-derived crude glycerol with the use of Chemical and Microbial Technology”(Acronym:Addvalue2glycerol,project codeΤ1ЕΔΚ-03002)financed by the Ministry of National Education and Religious Affairs,Greece(project action:“Investigate-Create-Innovate 2014-2020,Intervention Ⅱ”).
文摘Four non-conventional yeast strains belonging to the genera Yarrowia and Rhodosporidium were cultivated under nitrogen-limited conditions in shake flasks with biodiesel-derived glycerol employed as sole substrate.The strains R.toruloides DSM 4444 and Y.lipolytica ACA-DC 5033 displayed better performances and were further studied.At initial glycerol(Gly0)≈50 g/L,the strain ACA-DC 5033 produced dry cell weight(DCW)≈7.0 g/L,and also secondary extra-cellular metabolites as citric acid(CA)at≈16 g/L and polyols(Pol)(mannitol,erythritol and arabitol)at≈21 g/L.In double-media(besides nitrogen also Mg was limiting)for Gly0≈50 g/L,a shift towards CA production occurred(CAmax≈33 g/L).The strain DSM 4444 at Gly0≈50 g/L produced DCW=18.1 g/L containing lipids=30.3%in DCW.In single nitrogen-limited media with Gly0≈90 g/L,the strain ACA-DC 5033 produced Pol≈48 g/L and CA≈20 g/L,while the strain DSM 4444 produced DCW=27.3 g/L containing lipid=54.5%w/w.At the late growth phases,metabolites were re-consumed.Balanced growth phase(trophophase)and phase of secondary metabolite synthesis(idiophase)were successfully simulated with the aid of a modified Velhlust-Aggelis model.Lipid extraction process was studied for these two strains by using two different extraction methods.Yeast lipids contained mostly oleic acid,constituting suitable precursors for the synthesis of 2nd generation biodiesel.
