One of the major challenges arising in internet of military things(IoMT)is accommodating massive connectivity while providing guaranteed quality of service(QoS)in terms of ultra-high reliability.In this regard,this pa...One of the major challenges arising in internet of military things(IoMT)is accommodating massive connectivity while providing guaranteed quality of service(QoS)in terms of ultra-high reliability.In this regard,this paper presents a class of code-domain nonorthogonal multiple accesses(NOMAs)for uplink ultra reliable networking of massive IoMT based on tactical datalink such as Link-16 and joint tactical information distribution system(JTIDS).In the considered scenario,a satellite equipped with Nr antennas servers K devices including vehicles,drones,ships,sensors,handset radios,etc.Nonorthogonal coded modulation,a special form of multiple input multiple output(MIMO)-NOMA is proposed.The discussion starts with evaluating the output signal to interference-plus-noise(SINR)of receiver filter,leading to the unveiling of a closed-form expression for overloading systems as the number of users is significantly larger than the number of devices admitted such that massive connectivity is rendered.The expression allows for the development of simple yet successful interference suppression based on power allocation and phase shaping techniques that maximizes the sum rate since it is equivalent to fixed-point programming as can be proved.The proposed design is exemplified by nonlinear modulation schemes such as minimum shift keying(MSK)and Gaussian MSK(GMSK),two pivotal modulation formats in IoMT standards such as Link-16 and JITDS.Numerical results show that near capacity performance is offered.Fortunately,the performance is obtained using simple forward error corrections(FECs)of higher coding rate than existing schemes do,while the transmit power is reduced by 6 dB.The proposed design finds wide applications not only in IoMT but also in deep space communications,where ultra reliability and massive connectivity is a keen concern.展开更多
The automatic stealth task of military time-sensitive targets plays a crucial role in maintaining national military security and mastering battlefield dynamics in military applications.We propose a novel Military Time...The automatic stealth task of military time-sensitive targets plays a crucial role in maintaining national military security and mastering battlefield dynamics in military applications.We propose a novel Military Time-sensitive Targets Stealth Network via Real-time Mask Generation(MTTSNet).According to our knowledge,this is the first technology to automatically remove military targets in real-time from videos.The critical steps of MTTSNet are as follows:First,we designed a real-time mask generation network based on the encoder-decoder framework,combined with the domain expansion structure,to effectively extract mask images.Specifically,the ASPP structure in the encoder could achieve advanced semantic feature fusion.The decoder stacked high-dimensional information with low-dimensional information to obtain an effective mask layer.Subsequently,the domain expansion module guided the adaptive expansion of mask images.Second,a context adversarial generation network based on gated convolution was constructed to achieve background restoration of mask positions in the original image.In addition,our method worked in an end-to-end manner.A particular semantic segmentation dataset for military time-sensitive targets has been constructed,called the Military Time-sensitive Target Masking Dataset(MTMD).The MTMD dataset experiment successfully demonstrated that this method could create a mask that completely occludes the target and that the target could be hidden in real time using this mask.We demonstrated the concealment performance of our proposed method by comparing it to a number of well-known and highly optimized baselines.展开更多
BACKGROUND Coronary artery diseases can cause myocardial ischemia and hypoxia,angina pectoris,myocardial infarction,arrhythmia,and even sudden death led to inflight incapacitation of aircrew.As the main cause of groun...BACKGROUND Coronary artery diseases can cause myocardial ischemia and hypoxia,angina pectoris,myocardial infarction,arrhythmia,and even sudden death led to inflight incapacitation of aircrew.As the main cause of grounding due to illness,they severe threats to the health and fighting strength of military aircrew.Early warning in an early and accurate manner and early intervention of diseases possibly resulting in inflight incapacitation are key emphases of aeromedical support in clinic.AIM To figure out the flight factors and clinical characteristics of military aircrew with abnormal results of coronary artery computed tomographic angiography(CTA),thereby rendering theoretical references for clinical aeromedical support of military flying personnel.METHODS The clinical data of 15 flying personnel who received physical examinations in a military medical center from December 2020 to June 2023 and were diagnosed with coronary artery diseases by coronary artery CTA were collected and retrospectively analyzed,and a descriptive statistical analysis was conducted on their onset age,aircraft type and clinical data.RESULTS The 15 military flying personnel diagnosed with coronary artery diseases by coronary artery CTA were composed of 9 pilots,1 navigator and 5 air combat service workers.Multi-vessel disease was detected in 9 flying personnel,among which 8(88.9%)were pilots.Flying personnel with multi-vessel disease had higher content of cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein B than those with single-vessel disease.CONCLUSION Coronary artery diseases are the major heart disease for the grounding of flying personnel due to illness,which can lead to inflight incapacitation.Coronary artery CTA is conducive to early detection and early intervention treatment of such diseases in clinic.展开更多
Since its establishment in 2014,Military Medical Research has come a long way in becoming a premier journal for scientific articles from various different specialties,with a special emphasis on topics with military re...Since its establishment in 2014,Military Medical Research has come a long way in becoming a premier journal for scientific articles from various different specialties,with a special emphasis on topics with military relevance.The field of military medicine may be obscure,and may not be readily encountered by the typical clinician on a day-today basis.This journal aims not only to pursue excellence in military research,but also to keep current with the latest advancements on general medical topics from each and every specialty.This editorial serves to recap and synthesize the existing progress,updates and future needs of military medical excellence,discussing foremostly the unique traits of literature published in this journal,and subsequently presenting the discourse regarding wartime and peacetime medicine,the role of the military in a public health emergency,as well as wound healing and organ regeneration.Special attention has been devoted to military topics to shed light on the effects of Chemical,Biological,Radiological and Explosive warfare,environmental medicine and military psychiatry,topics which rarely have a chance to be discussed elsewhere.The interconnectedness between military combat and soldier physical and mental well-being is intricate,and has been distorted by pandemics such as coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).This journal has come a long way since its first article was published,steadily contributing to the existing knowledge pool on general medical topics with a military slant.Only with continuous research and sharing,can we build upon the work of the scientific community,with hopes for the betterment of patient care.展开更多
The paper discusses minimizing the effect of external mechanical vibration on hydraulic valves in different military hydraulic drive systems.The current research work presents an analysis of the potential to reduce vi...The paper discusses minimizing the effect of external mechanical vibration on hydraulic valves in different military hydraulic drive systems.The current research work presents an analysis of the potential to reduce vibration on the valve casing by installing a valve flexibly on a vibrating surface,i.e.,by introducing a material with known stiffness and damping characteristics between the valve casing and the vibrating surface-a steel spring package or special cushions made of elastomer material or of oilresistant rubber.The article also demonstrates that elastomer cushions placed inside the valve casingbetween the casing and the centering springs-can be used as a supplementary or alternative solution in the analyzed method for mitigating the transfer of vibrations.By using materials with appropriately selected elastic and dissipative properties,the effectiveness of vibro-isolation can be increased.The presented theoretical analyzes by linear and non-linear mathematical models have been verified experimentally.展开更多
Because of its simplicity,reliability,and replicability,the Masquelet induced membrane technique(IMT)has become one of the preferred methods for critical bone defect reconstruction in extremities.Although it is now us...Because of its simplicity,reliability,and replicability,the Masquelet induced membrane technique(IMT)has become one of the preferred methods for critical bone defect reconstruction in extremities.Although it is now used worldwide,few studies have been published about IMT in military practice.Bone reconstruction is particularly challenging in this context of care due to extensive soft-tissue injury,early wound infection,and even delayed management in austere conditions.Based on our clinical expertise,recent research,and a literature analysis,this narrative review provides an overview of the IMT application to combat-related bone defects.It presents technical specificities and future developments aiming to optimize IMT outcomes,including for the management of massive multi-tissue defects or bone reconstruction performed in the field with limited resources.展开更多
Dear Editor,Suicide amongst the military veteran population is a significant publichealthproblemintheUnitedStates.TheNational VeteranSuicidePreventionAnnualReportrevealedthat6261 died by suicide in 2019[1]. The linger...Dear Editor,Suicide amongst the military veteran population is a significant publichealthproblemintheUnitedStates.TheNational VeteranSuicidePreventionAnnualReportrevealedthat6261 died by suicide in 2019[1]. The lingering effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may account for an increase in veteran suicide rates[1].展开更多
Owing to the ubiquitous use of smartphones by soldiers, military researchers have an increasing interest in potentially problematicside effects such as smartphone overdependence. This raises a question regarding the p...Owing to the ubiquitous use of smartphones by soldiers, military researchers have an increasing interest in potentially problematicside effects such as smartphone overdependence. This raises a question regarding the psychological mechanisms underlying thepotentially self-damaging use of smartphones. Here, we address this question by analyzing how heterogeneity in commander’sgood leadership explains subordinate soldiers’ differences in self-control and smartphone use. Specifically, we found thatsubordinate soldiers who thought their commander's leadership was good were self-regulated, less dependent on smartphones,less stressed, and finally had good mental health. This result indicates that commander’s good leadership can be used toestimate whether subordinate soldiers exert control over their impulses and use their smartphones properly. Thus, the currentfindings help to identify external factors that lead to a better understanding of problematic smartphone use and can potentiallyhelp to design appropriate preventive mechanisms or interventions that target commander’s good leadership.展开更多
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have revealed an association between obstructive sleep apnea(OSA)and hypertension in the general population,while the association in military personnel was rarely investigated.AIM To...BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have revealed an association between obstructive sleep apnea(OSA)and hypertension in the general population,while the association in military personnel was rarely investigated.AIM To examine the association between high risk for OSA and hypertension by phenotypes in military young adults.METHODS A total of 746 military personnel,aged 27.9 years,were included in the cardiorespiratory fitness and health in armed forces(CHIEF)-sleep study in Taiwan in 2020.Antihypertensive medications were not used by the subjects.High risk for OSA was assessed using the Berlin Questionnaire.Hypertension was defined using the 7th Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention,Detection,Evaluation,and Treatment of High Blood Pressure(JNC 7)and the 2017 American College of Cardiology(ACC)/American Heart Association(AHA)guidelines.The cutoff levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressure(SBP and DBP)for the 2017 ACC/AHA-and JNC 7-based guidelines were 130/140 mmHg and 80/90 mmHg,respectively.Hypertension phenotypes included isolated systolic and diastolic hypertension(ISH,high SBP only and IDH,high DBP only)and combined hypertension(both high SBP and DBP).Multivariable logistic regression analysis with adjustment for demographics,lifestyle and metabolic biomarkers.RESULTS The prevalence of high risk for OSA,JNC 7-based hypertension and 2017 ACC/AHA-based hypertension were 8.0%,5.2%and 22.0%,respectively.Those with a high risk for OSA had a higher probability of JNC 7-based overall and combined hypertension(odds ratios(ORs))and 95%confidence intervals:2.82(1.07-7.42)and 7.54(1.10-51.54),although the probabilities of ISH and IDH were unaffected by a high risk for OSA(ORs:1.96 and 2.35,respectively,both P>0.05).In contrast,no associations for any hypertension phenotypes were found according to the 2017 ACC/AHA criteria.CONCLUSION A high risk for OSA was associated with severe hypertension and combined hypertension among Asian military young adults.展开更多
Introduction: In December 2021, Beninese soldiers were victims of armed terrorist attacks. This study aims to determine the psychological impact of the events experienced on the victims in order to better prevent post...Introduction: In December 2021, Beninese soldiers were victims of armed terrorist attacks. This study aims to determine the psychological impact of the events experienced on the victims in order to better prevent post-traumatic stress disorder. Materials and methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from December 13 to 14, 2021, i.e. 12 days after the oldest event and 4 days after the most recent. The experience of the event was assessed with the Peritraumatic Distress Inventory and the Peritraumatic Dissociation Experiences Questionnaire. Symptoms experienced in the hours and days after the event were assessed with the Revised Event Impact Scale. Results: 36 soldiers were included out of the 38 survivors, i.e. 94.73%. They were 51.43% victims of the night assault, 37.14% of the ambush on patrol and 11.43% of the explosion of vehicle on mine, all male. The average age was 31 years with extremes of 25 and 49 years. The 25 - 30 year olds predominated, 52.78%. 100% of soldiers had significant peritraumatic dissociation, of which 94.44% also had significant peritraumatic distress. 100% of the soldiers had manifestations of intrusion, 89% of manifestations of avoidance and 83% of manifestations of hyperexcitation. 88.89% had an index for acute stress including 100% of victims of night assault and vehicle explosion on mine. Conclusion: This study shows a high prevalence of peritraumatic reactions, recognized factors favoring post-traumatic stress disorder, and the interest of their evaluation for medical and psychological help adapted to the victims.展开更多
This study takes the image of China’s military as c onstructed in the British media’s military coverage of China as an object of study,and creates two reference corpora for comparative research.It is used to better ...This study takes the image of China’s military as c onstructed in the British media’s military coverage of China as an object of study,and creates two reference corpora for comparative research.It is used to better analyse and compare the ideologies hidden in the British media’s coverage of China’s milita ry.From the analysis of the corpus,it is concluded that due to China’s rapid military and economic development,Western countries have developed a sense of crisis and have used media reports to instigate China’s foreign relations and mislead public think ing.展开更多
Military medicine is important in both war and peace. In China, military medicine plays a key role in supporting and maintaining health, in preventing injuries and diseases in military staff and in enhancing the milit...Military medicine is important in both war and peace. In China, military medicine plays a key role in supporting and maintaining health, in preventing injuries and diseases in military staff and in enhancing the military armed forces during war. Additionally, military medicine participates in actions such as emergency public health crises, natural disasters, emerging conflicts and anti-terrorist campaigns during peacetime. In this paper, we summary the current condition and achievements in military medicine in China and provide our perspective for its future.展开更多
Background: Military medicine cadets undergo strenuous military training alongside demanding medical studies. This stressful and complex educational environment can lead to the emergence of depressive symptoms. We inv...Background: Military medicine cadets undergo strenuous military training alongside demanding medical studies. This stressful and complex educational environment can lead to the emergence of depressive symptoms. We investigated the prevalence of depressive symptoms in a cohort of military medicine cadets.Methods: We conducted a descriptive questionnaire-based cross-sectional study among Greek military medicine cadets in the undergraduate program of the Hellenic Military School of Combat Support Officers. The Greek translation of the Zung self-rating depression scale questionnaire was used to screen for the presence of depressive symptoms. In addition, demographic, academic and dietary information was collected. The Shapiro-Wilk test of normality, Pearson correlation test, Chi-square test, t-test and Mann Whitney U test were employed for statistical analysis.Results: We enrolled 55 female and 91 male military medicine cadets with a mean age of 19.84 years(SD=0.99). The mean Zung crude score was 43.32(SD=4.55): 42.8(SD=4.43) for female cadets and 43.64(SD=4.6) for male cadets. Cadets were further subdivided into low and high risk groups for the presence of depressive symptoms. We identified 57(39%) cadets with a total Zung crude score of 45 or above: 21 females and 36 males. Statistical analysis did not reveal any significant differences between the two groups based on gender, year of training, academic performance, alcohol consumption, smoking status, vitamin supplementation, dietary habits or BMI.Conclusion: We report a high prevalence of depressive symptoms in a cohort of military medicine cadets that underscores the need for effective screening and appropriate and timely interventions. We did not identify any related risk factors. Military medicine cadets are exposed to a challenging military and medical training environment, and thus represent a group at risk for development of depression.展开更多
Recently,Internet of Things(IoT)technology has provided logistics services to many disciplines such as agriculture,industry,and medicine.Thus,it has become one of the most important scientific research fields.Applying...Recently,Internet of Things(IoT)technology has provided logistics services to many disciplines such as agriculture,industry,and medicine.Thus,it has become one of the most important scientific research fields.Applying IoT to military domain has many challenges such as fault tolerance and QoS.In this paper,IoT technology is applied on the military field to create an Internet of Military Things(IoMT)system.Here,the architecture of the aforementioned IoMT system is proposed.This architecture consists of four main layers:Communication,information,application,and decision support.These layers provided a fault tolerant coverage communication system for IoMT things.Moreover,it implemented data reduction methods such as filtering,compression,abstraction,and data prioritization queuing system to guarantee QoS for the transmitted data.Furthermore,it used decision support technology and IoMT application unification ideas.Finally,to evaluate the IoMT system,an intensive simulation environment is constructed using the network simulation package,NS3.The simulation results proved that the proposed IoMT system outperformed the traditional military system with regard to the performance metrics,packet loss,end-to-end delay,throughput,energy consumption ratio,and data reduction rate.展开更多
Civil-military inosculation of military enterprises benefits national defense industries by promoting the building of civil-military inosculation innovation system. To analyze the operation mechanism of the civil-mili...Civil-military inosculation of military enterprises benefits national defense industries by promoting the building of civil-military inosculation innovation system. To analyze the operation mechanism of the civil-military integrated innovation system of the military enterprises under the new situation, the system dynamics method is used to study the feedback relations among the factors and structure of the system and the Anylogic software is used to establish the simulation model . The simulation results indicate that： the degree of enthusiasm of private enterprises to participate in the defense industry, the degree of information sharing and the degree of cooperation between the mili- tary enterprises and universities and research institutions are extremely important in the civil-military integrated innovation system. According to the simulation results, some targeted suggestions are put forward to strengthen the innovational civil-military integrated system building of the military enter- prises.展开更多
No research has been done to explore how the Chinese military classics have been studied and translated in the west.In order to fill the void,this paper tries to study Thomas Cleary’s translation of Chinese military ...No research has been done to explore how the Chinese military classics have been studied and translated in the west.In order to fill the void,this paper tries to study Thomas Cleary’s translation of Chinese military classics.展开更多
Military English is taught not only as a linguistic code,but also as part of CIP(Curriculum of Ideology and Politics)education.The paper clarifies the connotations of CIP education,and describes the problems of CIP ed...Military English is taught not only as a linguistic code,but also as part of CIP(Curriculum of Ideology and Politics)education.The paper clarifies the connotations of CIP education,and describes the problems of CIP education in military English teaching.Then the authors address the importance of military culture and its spiritual cultivation in military English classrooms as an indispensable part of CIP education,and construct a model to incorporate military culture into language skills development and practice in military English teaching.Besides,the methods of CIP education in military English teaching are also discussed in the paper.展开更多
In August 1963, Israel＇s Prime Minister Levi Eshkol initiated the procedure for terminating the martial law in effect since the end of the War of Independence （1948） with regard to Israeli Arabs. Martial law discri...In August 1963, Israel＇s Prime Minister Levi Eshkol initiated the procedure for terminating the martial law in effect since the end of the War of Independence （1948） with regard to Israeli Arabs. Martial law discriminated against Israel＇s Arab minority, as opposed to the majority of Israel＇s society, as part of different issues bound up with this population＇s daily functioning. The aim of the paper is to present the reasons why Eshkol＇s doing away with the martial law stemmed was its ineffectiveness, while the other, and this makes up the core of our concern here, was his changing attitude toward the Arab minority in Israel, by contrast with that of his predecessor, David Ben Gurion The main conclusion of the paper is that even though Eshkol＇s ideas about the Arab minority were not very different from Ben Gurion＇s ideas one insisted on maintaining the military government in Israel, while the other saw this as unnecessary, and so brought it to an end. In August 1963, a few months after assuming office, Israel＇s Prime Minister Levi Eshkol initiated the first steps leading to the annulment of military rulet which had applied to Arabs in the State of Israel ever since the end of the War of Independence （1948）. This process was concluded some three years later. Military rule was lifted in effect on December 1, 1966. In the presentation, the author would like to look into the considerations which prompted Eshkol to take such a step, in light of the fact that his predecessor, Ben Gurion, was a staunch opponent of annulling the military regime, convinced as he was, even after the conclusion of his term in office, that the current state of affairs should remain in effect.展开更多
Military psychiatry, a new subcategory of psychiatry, has become an invaluable, intangible effect of the war. In this review, we begin by examining related military research, summarizing the related epidemiological da...Military psychiatry, a new subcategory of psychiatry, has become an invaluable, intangible effect of the war. In this review, we begin by examining related military research, summarizing the related epidemiological data, neuropathology, and the research achievements of diagnosis and treatment technology, and discussing its comorbidity and sequelae. To date, advances in neuroimaging and molecular biology have greatly boosted the studies on military traumatic brain injury(TBI). In particular, in terms of pathophysiological mechanisms, several preclinical studies have identified abnormal protein accumulation, blood–brain barrier damage, and brain metabolism abnormalities involved in the development of TBI. As an important concept in the field of psychiatry, TBI is based on organic injury, which is largely different from many other mental disorders. Therefore, military TBI is both neuropathic and psychopathic, and is an emerging challenge at the intersection of neurology and psychiatry.展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61601346 and 62377039)the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(Grant No.2018JQ6044)+2 种基金the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China(Grant No.2023-276-1-1)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Northwestern Polytechnical University(Grant No.31020180QD089)the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.20200043053004 and 20200043053005)。
文摘One of the major challenges arising in internet of military things(IoMT)is accommodating massive connectivity while providing guaranteed quality of service(QoS)in terms of ultra-high reliability.In this regard,this paper presents a class of code-domain nonorthogonal multiple accesses(NOMAs)for uplink ultra reliable networking of massive IoMT based on tactical datalink such as Link-16 and joint tactical information distribution system(JTIDS).In the considered scenario,a satellite equipped with Nr antennas servers K devices including vehicles,drones,ships,sensors,handset radios,etc.Nonorthogonal coded modulation,a special form of multiple input multiple output(MIMO)-NOMA is proposed.The discussion starts with evaluating the output signal to interference-plus-noise(SINR)of receiver filter,leading to the unveiling of a closed-form expression for overloading systems as the number of users is significantly larger than the number of devices admitted such that massive connectivity is rendered.The expression allows for the development of simple yet successful interference suppression based on power allocation and phase shaping techniques that maximizes the sum rate since it is equivalent to fixed-point programming as can be proved.The proposed design is exemplified by nonlinear modulation schemes such as minimum shift keying(MSK)and Gaussian MSK(GMSK),two pivotal modulation formats in IoMT standards such as Link-16 and JITDS.Numerical results show that near capacity performance is offered.Fortunately,the performance is obtained using simple forward error corrections(FECs)of higher coding rate than existing schemes do,while the transmit power is reduced by 6 dB.The proposed design finds wide applications not only in IoMT but also in deep space communications,where ultra reliability and massive connectivity is a keen concern.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62276274)Shaanxi Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.2023-JC-YB-528)Chinese aeronautical establishment(Grant No.201851U8012)。
文摘The automatic stealth task of military time-sensitive targets plays a crucial role in maintaining national military security and mastering battlefield dynamics in military applications.We propose a novel Military Time-sensitive Targets Stealth Network via Real-time Mask Generation(MTTSNet).According to our knowledge,this is the first technology to automatically remove military targets in real-time from videos.The critical steps of MTTSNet are as follows:First,we designed a real-time mask generation network based on the encoder-decoder framework,combined with the domain expansion structure,to effectively extract mask images.Specifically,the ASPP structure in the encoder could achieve advanced semantic feature fusion.The decoder stacked high-dimensional information with low-dimensional information to obtain an effective mask layer.Subsequently,the domain expansion module guided the adaptive expansion of mask images.Second,a context adversarial generation network based on gated convolution was constructed to achieve background restoration of mask positions in the original image.In addition,our method worked in an end-to-end manner.A particular semantic segmentation dataset for military time-sensitive targets has been constructed,called the Military Time-sensitive Target Masking Dataset(MTMD).The MTMD dataset experiment successfully demonstrated that this method could create a mask that completely occludes the target and that the target could be hidden in real time using this mask.We demonstrated the concealment performance of our proposed method by comparing it to a number of well-known and highly optimized baselines.
基金Supported by Enhancement Foundation Program of Naval Medical Center of Naval Medical University.
文摘BACKGROUND Coronary artery diseases can cause myocardial ischemia and hypoxia,angina pectoris,myocardial infarction,arrhythmia,and even sudden death led to inflight incapacitation of aircrew.As the main cause of grounding due to illness,they severe threats to the health and fighting strength of military aircrew.Early warning in an early and accurate manner and early intervention of diseases possibly resulting in inflight incapacitation are key emphases of aeromedical support in clinic.AIM To figure out the flight factors and clinical characteristics of military aircrew with abnormal results of coronary artery computed tomographic angiography(CTA),thereby rendering theoretical references for clinical aeromedical support of military flying personnel.METHODS The clinical data of 15 flying personnel who received physical examinations in a military medical center from December 2020 to June 2023 and were diagnosed with coronary artery diseases by coronary artery CTA were collected and retrospectively analyzed,and a descriptive statistical analysis was conducted on their onset age,aircraft type and clinical data.RESULTS The 15 military flying personnel diagnosed with coronary artery diseases by coronary artery CTA were composed of 9 pilots,1 navigator and 5 air combat service workers.Multi-vessel disease was detected in 9 flying personnel,among which 8(88.9%)were pilots.Flying personnel with multi-vessel disease had higher content of cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein B than those with single-vessel disease.CONCLUSION Coronary artery diseases are the major heart disease for the grounding of flying personnel due to illness,which can lead to inflight incapacitation.Coronary artery CTA is conducive to early detection and early intervention treatment of such diseases in clinic.
文摘Since its establishment in 2014,Military Medical Research has come a long way in becoming a premier journal for scientific articles from various different specialties,with a special emphasis on topics with military relevance.The field of military medicine may be obscure,and may not be readily encountered by the typical clinician on a day-today basis.This journal aims not only to pursue excellence in military research,but also to keep current with the latest advancements on general medical topics from each and every specialty.This editorial serves to recap and synthesize the existing progress,updates and future needs of military medical excellence,discussing foremostly the unique traits of literature published in this journal,and subsequently presenting the discourse regarding wartime and peacetime medicine,the role of the military in a public health emergency,as well as wound healing and organ regeneration.Special attention has been devoted to military topics to shed light on the effects of Chemical,Biological,Radiological and Explosive warfare,environmental medicine and military psychiatry,topics which rarely have a chance to be discussed elsewhere.The interconnectedness between military combat and soldier physical and mental well-being is intricate,and has been distorted by pandemics such as coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).This journal has come a long way since its first article was published,steadily contributing to the existing knowledge pool on general medical topics with a military slant.Only with continuous research and sharing,can we build upon the work of the scientific community,with hopes for the betterment of patient care.
文摘The paper discusses minimizing the effect of external mechanical vibration on hydraulic valves in different military hydraulic drive systems.The current research work presents an analysis of the potential to reduce vibration on the valve casing by installing a valve flexibly on a vibrating surface,i.e.,by introducing a material with known stiffness and damping characteristics between the valve casing and the vibrating surface-a steel spring package or special cushions made of elastomer material or of oilresistant rubber.The article also demonstrates that elastomer cushions placed inside the valve casingbetween the casing and the centering springs-can be used as a supplementary or alternative solution in the analyzed method for mitigating the transfer of vibrations.By using materials with appropriately selected elastic and dissipative properties,the effectiveness of vibro-isolation can be increased.The presented theoretical analyzes by linear and non-linear mathematical models have been verified experimentally.
文摘Because of its simplicity,reliability,and replicability,the Masquelet induced membrane technique(IMT)has become one of the preferred methods for critical bone defect reconstruction in extremities.Although it is now used worldwide,few studies have been published about IMT in military practice.Bone reconstruction is particularly challenging in this context of care due to extensive soft-tissue injury,early wound infection,and even delayed management in austere conditions.Based on our clinical expertise,recent research,and a literature analysis,this narrative review provides an overview of the IMT application to combat-related bone defects.It presents technical specificities and future developments aiming to optimize IMT outcomes,including for the management of massive multi-tissue defects or bone reconstruction performed in the field with limited resources.
文摘Dear Editor,Suicide amongst the military veteran population is a significant publichealthproblemintheUnitedStates.TheNational VeteranSuicidePreventionAnnualReportrevealedthat6261 died by suicide in 2019[1]. The lingering effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may account for an increase in veteran suicide rates[1].
基金supported by 2023 Research Fund of Korea Military Academy(Hwarangdae Research Institute,RN:2023B1012).
文摘Owing to the ubiquitous use of smartphones by soldiers, military researchers have an increasing interest in potentially problematicside effects such as smartphone overdependence. This raises a question regarding the psychological mechanisms underlying thepotentially self-damaging use of smartphones. Here, we address this question by analyzing how heterogeneity in commander’sgood leadership explains subordinate soldiers’ differences in self-control and smartphone use. Specifically, we found thatsubordinate soldiers who thought their commander's leadership was good were self-regulated, less dependent on smartphones,less stressed, and finally had good mental health. This result indicates that commander’s good leadership can be used toestimate whether subordinate soldiers exert control over their impulses and use their smartphones properly. Thus, the currentfindings help to identify external factors that lead to a better understanding of problematic smartphone use and can potentiallyhelp to design appropriate preventive mechanisms or interventions that target commander’s good leadership.
文摘BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have revealed an association between obstructive sleep apnea(OSA)and hypertension in the general population,while the association in military personnel was rarely investigated.AIM To examine the association between high risk for OSA and hypertension by phenotypes in military young adults.METHODS A total of 746 military personnel,aged 27.9 years,were included in the cardiorespiratory fitness and health in armed forces(CHIEF)-sleep study in Taiwan in 2020.Antihypertensive medications were not used by the subjects.High risk for OSA was assessed using the Berlin Questionnaire.Hypertension was defined using the 7th Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention,Detection,Evaluation,and Treatment of High Blood Pressure(JNC 7)and the 2017 American College of Cardiology(ACC)/American Heart Association(AHA)guidelines.The cutoff levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressure(SBP and DBP)for the 2017 ACC/AHA-and JNC 7-based guidelines were 130/140 mmHg and 80/90 mmHg,respectively.Hypertension phenotypes included isolated systolic and diastolic hypertension(ISH,high SBP only and IDH,high DBP only)and combined hypertension(both high SBP and DBP).Multivariable logistic regression analysis with adjustment for demographics,lifestyle and metabolic biomarkers.RESULTS The prevalence of high risk for OSA,JNC 7-based hypertension and 2017 ACC/AHA-based hypertension were 8.0%,5.2%and 22.0%,respectively.Those with a high risk for OSA had a higher probability of JNC 7-based overall and combined hypertension(odds ratios(ORs))and 95%confidence intervals:2.82(1.07-7.42)and 7.54(1.10-51.54),although the probabilities of ISH and IDH were unaffected by a high risk for OSA(ORs:1.96 and 2.35,respectively,both P>0.05).In contrast,no associations for any hypertension phenotypes were found according to the 2017 ACC/AHA criteria.CONCLUSION A high risk for OSA was associated with severe hypertension and combined hypertension among Asian military young adults.
文摘Introduction: In December 2021, Beninese soldiers were victims of armed terrorist attacks. This study aims to determine the psychological impact of the events experienced on the victims in order to better prevent post-traumatic stress disorder. Materials and methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from December 13 to 14, 2021, i.e. 12 days after the oldest event and 4 days after the most recent. The experience of the event was assessed with the Peritraumatic Distress Inventory and the Peritraumatic Dissociation Experiences Questionnaire. Symptoms experienced in the hours and days after the event were assessed with the Revised Event Impact Scale. Results: 36 soldiers were included out of the 38 survivors, i.e. 94.73%. They were 51.43% victims of the night assault, 37.14% of the ambush on patrol and 11.43% of the explosion of vehicle on mine, all male. The average age was 31 years with extremes of 25 and 49 years. The 25 - 30 year olds predominated, 52.78%. 100% of soldiers had significant peritraumatic dissociation, of which 94.44% also had significant peritraumatic distress. 100% of the soldiers had manifestations of intrusion, 89% of manifestations of avoidance and 83% of manifestations of hyperexcitation. 88.89% had an index for acute stress including 100% of victims of night assault and vehicle explosion on mine. Conclusion: This study shows a high prevalence of peritraumatic reactions, recognized factors favoring post-traumatic stress disorder, and the interest of their evaluation for medical and psychological help adapted to the victims.
文摘This study takes the image of China’s military as c onstructed in the British media’s military coverage of China as an object of study,and creates two reference corpora for comparative research.It is used to better analyse and compare the ideologies hidden in the British media’s coverage of China’s milita ry.From the analysis of the corpus,it is concluded that due to China’s rapid military and economic development,Western countries have developed a sense of crisis and have used media reports to instigate China’s foreign relations and mislead public think ing.
基金supported in part by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (81121004, 81230041)the National Basic Science and Development Program (973 Program, 2012CB518105)Military Medical Research Foundation in China (AWS11J008)
文摘Military medicine is important in both war and peace. In China, military medicine plays a key role in supporting and maintaining health, in preventing injuries and diseases in military staff and in enhancing the military armed forces during war. Additionally, military medicine participates in actions such as emergency public health crises, natural disasters, emerging conflicts and anti-terrorist campaigns during peacetime. In this paper, we summary the current condition and achievements in military medicine in China and provide our perspective for its future.
基金the Military School of Combat Support Officers Command for providing a supportive research environment
文摘Background: Military medicine cadets undergo strenuous military training alongside demanding medical studies. This stressful and complex educational environment can lead to the emergence of depressive symptoms. We investigated the prevalence of depressive symptoms in a cohort of military medicine cadets.Methods: We conducted a descriptive questionnaire-based cross-sectional study among Greek military medicine cadets in the undergraduate program of the Hellenic Military School of Combat Support Officers. The Greek translation of the Zung self-rating depression scale questionnaire was used to screen for the presence of depressive symptoms. In addition, demographic, academic and dietary information was collected. The Shapiro-Wilk test of normality, Pearson correlation test, Chi-square test, t-test and Mann Whitney U test were employed for statistical analysis.Results: We enrolled 55 female and 91 male military medicine cadets with a mean age of 19.84 years(SD=0.99). The mean Zung crude score was 43.32(SD=4.55): 42.8(SD=4.43) for female cadets and 43.64(SD=4.6) for male cadets. Cadets were further subdivided into low and high risk groups for the presence of depressive symptoms. We identified 57(39%) cadets with a total Zung crude score of 45 or above: 21 females and 36 males. Statistical analysis did not reveal any significant differences between the two groups based on gender, year of training, academic performance, alcohol consumption, smoking status, vitamin supplementation, dietary habits or BMI.Conclusion: We report a high prevalence of depressive symptoms in a cohort of military medicine cadets that underscores the need for effective screening and appropriate and timely interventions. We did not identify any related risk factors. Military medicine cadets are exposed to a challenging military and medical training environment, and thus represent a group at risk for development of depression.
基金funded by Taif University Researchers Supporting Project number(TURSP-2020/60),Taif University,Taif,Saudi Arabia.
文摘Recently,Internet of Things(IoT)technology has provided logistics services to many disciplines such as agriculture,industry,and medicine.Thus,it has become one of the most important scientific research fields.Applying IoT to military domain has many challenges such as fault tolerance and QoS.In this paper,IoT technology is applied on the military field to create an Internet of Military Things(IoMT)system.Here,the architecture of the aforementioned IoMT system is proposed.This architecture consists of four main layers:Communication,information,application,and decision support.These layers provided a fault tolerant coverage communication system for IoMT things.Moreover,it implemented data reduction methods such as filtering,compression,abstraction,and data prioritization queuing system to guarantee QoS for the transmitted data.Furthermore,it used decision support technology and IoMT application unification ideas.Finally,to evaluate the IoMT system,an intensive simulation environment is constructed using the network simulation package,NS3.The simulation results proved that the proposed IoMT system outperformed the traditional military system with regard to the performance metrics,packet loss,end-to-end delay,throughput,energy consumption ratio,and data reduction rate.
基金Supported by the National Science Foundation of China(91024019)
文摘Civil-military inosculation of military enterprises benefits national defense industries by promoting the building of civil-military inosculation innovation system. To analyze the operation mechanism of the civil-military integrated innovation system of the military enterprises under the new situation, the system dynamics method is used to study the feedback relations among the factors and structure of the system and the Anylogic software is used to establish the simulation model . The simulation results indicate that： the degree of enthusiasm of private enterprises to participate in the defense industry, the degree of information sharing and the degree of cooperation between the mili- tary enterprises and universities and research institutions are extremely important in the civil-military integrated innovation system. According to the simulation results, some targeted suggestions are put forward to strengthen the innovational civil-military integrated system building of the military enter- prises.
文摘No research has been done to explore how the Chinese military classics have been studied and translated in the west.In order to fill the void,this paper tries to study Thomas Cleary’s translation of Chinese military classics.
基金The article is supported by 2020 Curriculum of Ideology and Politics Construction Project of Hunan Higher Education(Grant No.HNKCSZ-2020-0007).
文摘Military English is taught not only as a linguistic code,but also as part of CIP(Curriculum of Ideology and Politics)education.The paper clarifies the connotations of CIP education,and describes the problems of CIP education in military English teaching.Then the authors address the importance of military culture and its spiritual cultivation in military English classrooms as an indispensable part of CIP education,and construct a model to incorporate military culture into language skills development and practice in military English teaching.Besides,the methods of CIP education in military English teaching are also discussed in the paper.
文摘In August 1963, Israel＇s Prime Minister Levi Eshkol initiated the procedure for terminating the martial law in effect since the end of the War of Independence （1948） with regard to Israeli Arabs. Martial law discriminated against Israel＇s Arab minority, as opposed to the majority of Israel＇s society, as part of different issues bound up with this population＇s daily functioning. The aim of the paper is to present the reasons why Eshkol＇s doing away with the martial law stemmed was its ineffectiveness, while the other, and this makes up the core of our concern here, was his changing attitude toward the Arab minority in Israel, by contrast with that of his predecessor, David Ben Gurion The main conclusion of the paper is that even though Eshkol＇s ideas about the Arab minority were not very different from Ben Gurion＇s ideas one insisted on maintaining the military government in Israel, while the other saw this as unnecessary, and so brought it to an end. In August 1963, a few months after assuming office, Israel＇s Prime Minister Levi Eshkol initiated the first steps leading to the annulment of military rulet which had applied to Arabs in the State of Israel ever since the end of the War of Independence （1948）. This process was concluded some three years later. Military rule was lifted in effect on December 1, 1966. In the presentation, the author would like to look into the considerations which prompted Eshkol to take such a step, in light of the fact that his predecessor, Ben Gurion, was a staunch opponent of annulling the military regime, convinced as he was, even after the conclusion of his term in office, that the current state of affairs should remain in effect.
基金supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Key Research and Development Program (2021C03107)。
文摘Military psychiatry, a new subcategory of psychiatry, has become an invaluable, intangible effect of the war. In this review, we begin by examining related military research, summarizing the related epidemiological data, neuropathology, and the research achievements of diagnosis and treatment technology, and discussing its comorbidity and sequelae. To date, advances in neuroimaging and molecular biology have greatly boosted the studies on military traumatic brain injury(TBI). In particular, in terms of pathophysiological mechanisms, several preclinical studies have identified abnormal protein accumulation, blood–brain barrier damage, and brain metabolism abnormalities involved in the development of TBI. As an important concept in the field of psychiatry, TBI is based on organic injury, which is largely different from many other mental disorders. Therefore, military TBI is both neuropathic and psychopathic, and is an emerging challenge at the intersection of neurology and psychiatry.
