Vibratory stimulation but also motor imagery and action observation can induce corticomotor modulation, as a bottom-up stimulus and top-down stimuli, respectively. However, it remains unknown whether the combination o...Vibratory stimulation but also motor imagery and action observation can induce corticomotor modulation, as a bottom-up stimulus and top-down stimuli, respectively. However, it remains unknown whether the combination of motor imagery, action observation, and vibratory stimulation can effectively increase corticomotor excitability. This study aimed to investigate the effect of motor imagery and/or action observation, in the presence or absence of vibratory stimulation, on the corticomotor excitability of healthy young adults. Vibratory stimulation was provided to the palm of the right hand. Action observation consisted in viewing a movie of someone else’s finger flexion and extension movements. The imagery condition required the participants to imagine they were moving their fingers while viewing the movie and attempting to move their fingers in accordance with the movie. Eleven right-handed healthy young adults were asked to perform six conditions randomly: 1) vibratory stimulation, imagery, and action observation, 2) vibratory stimulation and action observation, 3) vibratory stimulation and viewing of a blank screen, 4) imagery and action observation, 5) action observation, and 6) viewing of a blank screen. Single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation was conducted to assess corticomotor excitability and the peak-to-peak amplitude of the motor evoked potentials. The results showed that vibratory stimulation increases corticospinal excitability. The findings further revealed that performing motor imagery while viewing finger movement is more effective at inducing an augmentation of corticomotor excitability compared to action observation alone. Thus, the combination of motor imagery, action observation, and vibratory stimulation can effectively augment corticomotor excitability.展开更多
背景:肌萎缩侧索硬化为一种进行性神经退行性疾病,常导致大脑和脊髓神经元死亡。肌萎缩侧索硬化发病机制极为复杂,难治率、死亡率高且目前其治疗药物仅有2种,因此开发新治疗方法以改善患者预后迫在眉睫。目的:综述中药及间充质干细胞调...背景:肌萎缩侧索硬化为一种进行性神经退行性疾病,常导致大脑和脊髓神经元死亡。肌萎缩侧索硬化发病机制极为复杂,难治率、死亡率高且目前其治疗药物仅有2种,因此开发新治疗方法以改善患者预后迫在眉睫。目的:综述中药及间充质干细胞调控免疫反应治疗肌萎缩侧索硬化的作用机制。方法:以“traditional Chinese medicine,mesenchymal stem cells,ALS,immune response”为英文检索词,以“中药,间充质干细胞,肌萎缩侧索硬化,免疫反应”为中文检索词,检索万方、中国知网、PubMed及Web of Science数据库2010-2023年的相关文献,最终纳入69篇文献进行综述分析。结果与结论:①中药调控免疫反应治疗肌萎缩侧索硬化可总结为5个机制:主要包括冰片和黄芪甲苷等中药促进闭锁小带蛋白1、闭合蛋白5表达重建血液中枢神经系统屏障完整性;复方扶芳藤合剂调节自然杀伤细胞表面受体分子抑制其自身毒性;半枝莲和广藿香等作用补体系统因子抑制其异常激活;雷公藤和钩藤等介导细胞外信号调节激酶1/2衰减诱导型一氧化氮合酶产生而抑制小胶质细胞活化;左归丸、栝蒌根等促进白细胞介素10表达调控T细胞改善免疫环境。②通过现有研究总结了间充质干细胞调控免疫反应治疗肌萎缩侧索硬化可总结为5个机制:减少水通道蛋白4表达和降低内皮型一氧化氮合酶信号传导等方面修复免疫屏障完整性;释放吲哚胺2,3-双加氧酶和前列腺素E2等因子抗自然杀伤细胞毒性;分泌因子H干扰转化酶活性抑制补体系统异常激活;调控CX3CL1/CX3CR1系统轴或分泌转化生长因子β等途径改变小胶质细胞表型抑制其活性;增加白细胞介素10表达或激活STATS磷酸化通路来恢复T细胞功能。③目前中药联合间充质干细胞治疗肌萎缩侧索硬化研究较少,已知的相关研究报道显示,肌萎灵注射液可促进干细胞增殖分化以及补阳还五汤联合骨髓间充质干细胞显著提高血脑屏障完整性,未来还需进一步探讨两者对难治性肌萎缩侧索硬化的协同治疗效果。展开更多
Spectral energy distribution of surface EMG signal is often used but difficultly and effectively control artificial limb, because the spectral energy distribution changes in the process of limb actions. In this paper,...Spectral energy distribution of surface EMG signal is often used but difficultly and effectively control artificial limb, because the spectral energy distribution changes in the process of limb actions. In this paper, the general characteristics of surface EMG signal patterns were firstly characterized by spectral energy change. 13 healthy subjects were instructed to execute forearm supination (FS) and forearm pronation (FP) with their right forearms when their forearm muscles were “fatigue” or “relaxed”. All surface EMG signals were recorded from their right forearm flexor during their right forearm actions. Two sets of surface EMG signals were segmented from every surface EMG signal appropriately at preparing stage and acting stage. Relative wavelet packet energy (symbolized by pnp and pna respectively at preparing stage and acting stage, n denotes the nth frequency band) of surface EMG signal firstly was calculated and then, the difference (Pn=pna-pnp) were gained. The results showed that Pn from some frequency bands can effectively characterize the general characteristics of surface EMG signal patterns. Compared with Pn in other frequency bands, P4, the spectral energy change from 93.75 to 125 Hz, was more appropriately regarded as the features.展开更多
目的:探索珍龙醒脑胶囊治疗脑梗死恢复早期肢体运动障碍的临床疗效和作用机制。方法:对29例脑梗死恢复早期肢体运动障碍的患者,给予4周的藏药珍龙醒脑胶囊口服治疗。治疗4周后,观察患者《中风病证候要素评价量表》、Fugl-Meyer运动功能...目的:探索珍龙醒脑胶囊治疗脑梗死恢复早期肢体运动障碍的临床疗效和作用机制。方法:对29例脑梗死恢复早期肢体运动障碍的患者,给予4周的藏药珍龙醒脑胶囊口服治疗。治疗4周后,观察患者《中风病证候要素评价量表》、Fugl-Meyer运动功能评定量表(Fugl-Meyer Assessment,FMA)和美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale,NIHSS)评分的改变及不良反应发生情况,并在治疗前后对患者进行磁共振扩散张量成像,采用基于纤维束示踪的空间统计方法获取治疗前后各向异性分数值差异的脑区进行分析。结果:治疗后患者的内火、痰湿、血瘀证候的积分较治疗前降低(P<0.05);FMA总分和NIHSS总分较治疗前改善(P<0.05);胼胝体体部、胼胝体压部、胼胝体毯、丘脑后辐射、放射冠、左侧上纵束、左侧外囊、右侧内囊前肢等脑区的各向异性分数值较治疗前升高(P<0.05)。治疗期间,受试者无不良反应发生。结论:珍龙醒脑胶囊治疗脑梗死恢复早期肢体运动障碍的患者,用药4周是有效且安全的。珍龙醒脑胶囊能有效改善脑梗死恢复期患者的肢体运动功能障碍,其作用机制可能与胼胝体、放射冠等脑区受损白质纤维束的修复与重组相关。展开更多
文摘Vibratory stimulation but also motor imagery and action observation can induce corticomotor modulation, as a bottom-up stimulus and top-down stimuli, respectively. However, it remains unknown whether the combination of motor imagery, action observation, and vibratory stimulation can effectively increase corticomotor excitability. This study aimed to investigate the effect of motor imagery and/or action observation, in the presence or absence of vibratory stimulation, on the corticomotor excitability of healthy young adults. Vibratory stimulation was provided to the palm of the right hand. Action observation consisted in viewing a movie of someone else’s finger flexion and extension movements. The imagery condition required the participants to imagine they were moving their fingers while viewing the movie and attempting to move their fingers in accordance with the movie. Eleven right-handed healthy young adults were asked to perform six conditions randomly: 1) vibratory stimulation, imagery, and action observation, 2) vibratory stimulation and action observation, 3) vibratory stimulation and viewing of a blank screen, 4) imagery and action observation, 5) action observation, and 6) viewing of a blank screen. Single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation was conducted to assess corticomotor excitability and the peak-to-peak amplitude of the motor evoked potentials. The results showed that vibratory stimulation increases corticospinal excitability. The findings further revealed that performing motor imagery while viewing finger movement is more effective at inducing an augmentation of corticomotor excitability compared to action observation alone. Thus, the combination of motor imagery, action observation, and vibratory stimulation can effectively augment corticomotor excitability.
文摘背景:肌萎缩侧索硬化为一种进行性神经退行性疾病,常导致大脑和脊髓神经元死亡。肌萎缩侧索硬化发病机制极为复杂,难治率、死亡率高且目前其治疗药物仅有2种,因此开发新治疗方法以改善患者预后迫在眉睫。目的:综述中药及间充质干细胞调控免疫反应治疗肌萎缩侧索硬化的作用机制。方法:以“traditional Chinese medicine,mesenchymal stem cells,ALS,immune response”为英文检索词,以“中药,间充质干细胞,肌萎缩侧索硬化,免疫反应”为中文检索词,检索万方、中国知网、PubMed及Web of Science数据库2010-2023年的相关文献,最终纳入69篇文献进行综述分析。结果与结论:①中药调控免疫反应治疗肌萎缩侧索硬化可总结为5个机制:主要包括冰片和黄芪甲苷等中药促进闭锁小带蛋白1、闭合蛋白5表达重建血液中枢神经系统屏障完整性;复方扶芳藤合剂调节自然杀伤细胞表面受体分子抑制其自身毒性;半枝莲和广藿香等作用补体系统因子抑制其异常激活;雷公藤和钩藤等介导细胞外信号调节激酶1/2衰减诱导型一氧化氮合酶产生而抑制小胶质细胞活化;左归丸、栝蒌根等促进白细胞介素10表达调控T细胞改善免疫环境。②通过现有研究总结了间充质干细胞调控免疫反应治疗肌萎缩侧索硬化可总结为5个机制:减少水通道蛋白4表达和降低内皮型一氧化氮合酶信号传导等方面修复免疫屏障完整性;释放吲哚胺2,3-双加氧酶和前列腺素E2等因子抗自然杀伤细胞毒性;分泌因子H干扰转化酶活性抑制补体系统异常激活;调控CX3CL1/CX3CR1系统轴或分泌转化生长因子β等途径改变小胶质细胞表型抑制其活性;增加白细胞介素10表达或激活STATS磷酸化通路来恢复T细胞功能。③目前中药联合间充质干细胞治疗肌萎缩侧索硬化研究较少,已知的相关研究报道显示,肌萎灵注射液可促进干细胞增殖分化以及补阳还五汤联合骨髓间充质干细胞显著提高血脑屏障完整性,未来还需进一步探讨两者对难治性肌萎缩侧索硬化的协同治疗效果。
基金China 973 Project,Grant number:2005CB724303Yunnan Education Department Project,Grant number:03Y3081
文摘Spectral energy distribution of surface EMG signal is often used but difficultly and effectively control artificial limb, because the spectral energy distribution changes in the process of limb actions. In this paper, the general characteristics of surface EMG signal patterns were firstly characterized by spectral energy change. 13 healthy subjects were instructed to execute forearm supination (FS) and forearm pronation (FP) with their right forearms when their forearm muscles were “fatigue” or “relaxed”. All surface EMG signals were recorded from their right forearm flexor during their right forearm actions. Two sets of surface EMG signals were segmented from every surface EMG signal appropriately at preparing stage and acting stage. Relative wavelet packet energy (symbolized by pnp and pna respectively at preparing stage and acting stage, n denotes the nth frequency band) of surface EMG signal firstly was calculated and then, the difference (Pn=pna-pnp) were gained. The results showed that Pn from some frequency bands can effectively characterize the general characteristics of surface EMG signal patterns. Compared with Pn in other frequency bands, P4, the spectral energy change from 93.75 to 125 Hz, was more appropriately regarded as the features.
文摘目的:探索珍龙醒脑胶囊治疗脑梗死恢复早期肢体运动障碍的临床疗效和作用机制。方法:对29例脑梗死恢复早期肢体运动障碍的患者,给予4周的藏药珍龙醒脑胶囊口服治疗。治疗4周后,观察患者《中风病证候要素评价量表》、Fugl-Meyer运动功能评定量表(Fugl-Meyer Assessment,FMA)和美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale,NIHSS)评分的改变及不良反应发生情况,并在治疗前后对患者进行磁共振扩散张量成像,采用基于纤维束示踪的空间统计方法获取治疗前后各向异性分数值差异的脑区进行分析。结果:治疗后患者的内火、痰湿、血瘀证候的积分较治疗前降低(P<0.05);FMA总分和NIHSS总分较治疗前改善(P<0.05);胼胝体体部、胼胝体压部、胼胝体毯、丘脑后辐射、放射冠、左侧上纵束、左侧外囊、右侧内囊前肢等脑区的各向异性分数值较治疗前升高(P<0.05)。治疗期间,受试者无不良反应发生。结论:珍龙醒脑胶囊治疗脑梗死恢复早期肢体运动障碍的患者,用药4周是有效且安全的。珍龙醒脑胶囊能有效改善脑梗死恢复期患者的肢体运动功能障碍,其作用机制可能与胼胝体、放射冠等脑区受损白质纤维束的修复与重组相关。
