为了优化区域交通信号配时方案,提升区域通行效率,文章提出一种基于改进多智能体Nash Q Learning的区域交通信号协调控制方法。首先,采用离散化编码方法,通过划分单元格将连续状态信息转化为离散形式。其次,在算法中融入长短时记忆网络(...为了优化区域交通信号配时方案,提升区域通行效率,文章提出一种基于改进多智能体Nash Q Learning的区域交通信号协调控制方法。首先,采用离散化编码方法,通过划分单元格将连续状态信息转化为离散形式。其次,在算法中融入长短时记忆网络(Long Short Term Memory,LSTM)模块,用于从状态数据中挖掘更多的隐藏信息,丰富Q值表中的状态数据。最后,基于微观交通仿真软件SUMO(Simulation of Urban Mobility)的仿真测试结果表明,相较于原始Nash Q Learning交通信号控制方法,所提方法在低、中、高流量下车辆的平均等待时间分别减少了11.5%、16.2%和10.0%,平均排队长度分别减少了9.1%、8.2%和7.6%,平均停车次数分别减少了18.3%、16.1%和10.0%。结果证明了该算法具有更好的控制效果。展开更多
By using a farm's data in Yantai City and the theory of Cost-Volume-Profit analysis and the financial management methods,this paper construct a multi-factor analysis model for improving profit management using Exc...By using a farm's data in Yantai City and the theory of Cost-Volume-Profit analysis and the financial management methods,this paper construct a multi-factor analysis model for improving profit management using Excel 2007 in Shellfish farming projects and describes the procedures to construct a multi-factor analysis model.The model can quickly calculate the profit,improve the level of profit management,find out the breakeven point and enhance the decision-making efficiency of businesses etc.It is also a thought of the application to offer suggestions for government decisions and economic decisions for corporations as a simple analysis tool.While effort has been exerted to construct a four-variable model,some equally important variables may not be discussed sufficiently due to limitation of the paper's space and the authors'knowledge.All variables can be listed in EXCEL 2007 and can be associated in a logical way to manage the profit of shellfish farming projects more efficiently and more practically.展开更多
Lookup table is widely used in automotive industry for the design of engine control units(ECU).Together with a proportional-integral controller,a feed-forward and feedback control scheme is often adopted for automotiv...Lookup table is widely used in automotive industry for the design of engine control units(ECU).Together with a proportional-integral controller,a feed-forward and feedback control scheme is often adopted for automotive engine management system(EMS).Usually,an ECU has a structure of multi-input and single-output(MISO).Therefore,if there are multiple objectives proposed in EMS,there would be corresponding numbers of ECUs that need to be designed.In this situation,huge efforts and time were spent on calibration.In this work,a multi-input and multi-out(MIMO) approach based on model predictive control(MPC) was presented for the automatic cruise system of automotive engine.The results show that the tracking of engine speed command and the regulation of air/fuel ratio(AFR) can be achieved simultaneously under the new scheme.The mean absolute error(MAE) for engine speed control is 0.037,and the MAE for air fuel ratio is 0.069.展开更多
文摘为了优化区域交通信号配时方案,提升区域通行效率,文章提出一种基于改进多智能体Nash Q Learning的区域交通信号协调控制方法。首先,采用离散化编码方法,通过划分单元格将连续状态信息转化为离散形式。其次,在算法中融入长短时记忆网络(Long Short Term Memory,LSTM)模块,用于从状态数据中挖掘更多的隐藏信息,丰富Q值表中的状态数据。最后,基于微观交通仿真软件SUMO(Simulation of Urban Mobility)的仿真测试结果表明,相较于原始Nash Q Learning交通信号控制方法,所提方法在低、中、高流量下车辆的平均等待时间分别减少了11.5%、16.2%和10.0%,平均排队长度分别减少了9.1%、8.2%和7.6%,平均停车次数分别减少了18.3%、16.1%和10.0%。结果证明了该算法具有更好的控制效果。
文摘By using a farm's data in Yantai City and the theory of Cost-Volume-Profit analysis and the financial management methods,this paper construct a multi-factor analysis model for improving profit management using Excel 2007 in Shellfish farming projects and describes the procedures to construct a multi-factor analysis model.The model can quickly calculate the profit,improve the level of profit management,find out the breakeven point and enhance the decision-making efficiency of businesses etc.It is also a thought of the application to offer suggestions for government decisions and economic decisions for corporations as a simple analysis tool.While effort has been exerted to construct a four-variable model,some equally important variables may not be discussed sufficiently due to limitation of the paper's space and the authors'knowledge.All variables can be listed in EXCEL 2007 and can be associated in a logical way to manage the profit of shellfish farming projects more efficiently and more practically.
基金Project supported by the Centre for Smart Grid and Information Convergence(CeSGIC)at Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University,China
文摘Lookup table is widely used in automotive industry for the design of engine control units(ECU).Together with a proportional-integral controller,a feed-forward and feedback control scheme is often adopted for automotive engine management system(EMS).Usually,an ECU has a structure of multi-input and single-output(MISO).Therefore,if there are multiple objectives proposed in EMS,there would be corresponding numbers of ECUs that need to be designed.In this situation,huge efforts and time were spent on calibration.In this work,a multi-input and multi-out(MIMO) approach based on model predictive control(MPC) was presented for the automatic cruise system of automotive engine.The results show that the tracking of engine speed command and the regulation of air/fuel ratio(AFR) can be achieved simultaneously under the new scheme.The mean absolute error(MAE) for engine speed control is 0.037,and the MAE for air fuel ratio is 0.069.
