The development of Intelligent Railway Transportation Systems necessitates incorporating privacy-preserving mechanisms into AI models to protect sensitive information and enhance system efficiency.Federated learning o...The development of Intelligent Railway Transportation Systems necessitates incorporating privacy-preserving mechanisms into AI models to protect sensitive information and enhance system efficiency.Federated learning offers a promising solution by allowing multiple clients to train models collaboratively without sharing private data.However,despite its privacy benefits,federated learning systems are vulnerable to poisoning attacks,where adversaries alter local model parameters on compromised clients and send malicious updates to the server,potentially compromising the global model’s accuracy.In this study,we introduce PMM(Perturbation coefficient Multiplied by Maximum value),a new poisoning attack method that perturbs model updates layer by layer,demonstrating the threat of poisoning attacks faced by federated learning.Extensive experiments across three distinct datasets have demonstrated PMM’s ability to significantly reduce the global model’s accuracy.Additionally,we propose an effective defense method,namely CLBL(Cluster Layer By Layer).Experiment results on three datasets have confirmed CLBL’s effectiveness.展开更多
Purpose–Revenue management(RM)is a significant technique to improve revenue with limited resources.With the macro environment of dramatically increasing transit capacity and rapid railway transport development in Chi...Purpose–Revenue management(RM)is a significant technique to improve revenue with limited resources.With the macro environment of dramatically increasing transit capacity and rapid railway transport development in China,it is necessary to involve the theory of RM into the operation and decision of railway passenger transport.Design/methodology/approach–This paper proposes the theory and framework of generalized RM of railway passenger transport(RMRPT),and the thoughts and methods of the main techniques in RMRPT,involving demand forecasting,line planning,inventory control,pricing strategies and information systems,are all studied and elaborated.The involved methods and techniques provide a sequential process to help with the decision-making for each stage of RMRPT.The corresponding techniques are integrated into the information system to support practical businesses in railway passenger transport.Findings–The combination of the whole techniques devotes to railway benefit improvement and transit resource utilization and has been applied into the practical operation and organization of railway passenger transport.Originality/value–The development of RMRPT would provide theoretical and technical support for the improvement of service quality as well as railway benefits and efficiency.展开更多
This paper describes the development and optimization plans for the China Railway Express(CR Express).As a new type of international land transport organization,CR Express has emerged with the continuous expansion of ...This paper describes the development and optimization plans for the China Railway Express(CR Express).As a new type of international land transport organization,CR Express has emerged with the continuous expansion of China toward European investment and trade,and in particular,has expanded with the continuous progress of the One Belt and One Road(OBOR)initiative.In addition to improving the service quality of CR Express,the operating costs must be reduced for developing“smart railways”that serve“smart cities”.We propose a dualobjective-based function mathematical optimization model;the satisfaction of the cargo owner is considered,and the timeliness,transportation capacity,and goods category constraints of CR Express transportation are designed.Moreover,we present the normalized equivalent method of the two-objective function of the model.Finally,a case study is conducted against the background of certain trains in the western corridor of CR Express to validate the effectiveness of the model and research methods proposed in this study.展开更多
The multi-mode integrated railway system,anchored by the high-speed railway,caters to the diverse travel requirements both within and between cities,offering safe,comfortable,punctual,and eco-friendly transportation s...The multi-mode integrated railway system,anchored by the high-speed railway,caters to the diverse travel requirements both within and between cities,offering safe,comfortable,punctual,and eco-friendly transportation services.With the expansion of the railway networks,enhancing the efficiency and safety of the comprehensive system has become a crucial issue in the advanced development of railway transportation.In light of the prevailing application of artificial intelligence technologies within railway systems,this study leverages large model technology characterized by robust learning capabilities,efficient associative abilities,and linkage analysis to propose an Artificial-intelligent(AI)-powered railway control and dispatching system.This system is elaborately designed with four core functions,including global optimum unattended dispatching,synergetic transportation in multiple modes,high-speed automatic control,and precise maintenance decision and execution.The deployment pathway and essential tasks of the system are further delineated,alongside the challenges and obstacles encountered.The AI-powered system promises a significant enhancement in the operational efficiency and safety of the composite railway system,ensuring a more effective alignment between transportation services and passenger demands.展开更多
Purpose-The spatiotemporal compression effect of China-Europe Railway Express(CR-Express)can reduce the filow costs of resources between China's node cities.Additionally,it can break through the limitations of low...Purpose-The spatiotemporal compression effect of China-Europe Railway Express(CR-Express)can reduce the filow costs of resources between China's node cities.Additionally,it can break through the limitations of low-added-value marine products,significantly impacting the logistics industry efficiency.However,there are few literature verifying and analyzing its heterogeneity.This study explores the impact of CR-Express on the efficiency of logistics industry in node cities and analyzes the heterogeneity.Design/methodology/approach-First,this study uses panel data to measure the efficiency of node city logistics industry.Secondiy,this study discusses the impact of the opening of CR-Express on the efficiency of logistics industry in node cities based on the multi-period differential model.Finally,according to the node city difference,the sample city experimental group is grouped for heterogeneity analysis.Findings-The results show that CR-Express can promote the urban logistics industry efficiency,with an average effect of 4.55%.According to the urban characteristics classification,the heterogeneity analysis shows that the efficiency improvement effect of logistics industry in inland cities is more obvious.The improvement effect of node cities and central cities in central and western China is stronger,especially in the sample of megacities and type I big cities.Compared with non-value chain industrial products,the CR-Express has significant promotion effects on the logistics efficiency of the cities where main goods are value chain products.Originality/value-Under the background of double cycle development,this paper can provide a scientific basis for the investment benefit evaluation of CR-Express construction and the follow-up route planning.展开更多
Transportation sector is one of the most important elements of a country’s economy with its highway,railway,airway and seaway modes,besides the information and communication infrastructure.Transportation sector has a...Transportation sector is one of the most important elements of a country’s economy with its highway,railway,airway and seaway modes,besides the information and communication infrastructure.Transportation sector has a pattern that affects the society continuously with its economic and social inputs that has a significant role in economies of countries in terms of being an important part of manufacturing process and effects of sizable investments on economy.Demands of more comfortable,more reliable,more safe and more punctual transport in developing economy is an arising trend worldwide and this shows an increase the importance of the transportation sector.Establishment of an efficient and functional transportation system is closely related with traffic safety,intermodal integration and balanced modal distribution.In Turkey,an important improvement has been achieved in these issues,but also some basic constitutive problems are still continuing.These constitutional problems can be summarized as providing traffic safety,integration of innovative implementations to transportation system,enhancing of infrastructure and an effective usage of existing infrastructure.展开更多
The Qinghai-Tibet Railway(QTR) passes through 281 km of sandy land, 11.07 km of which causes serious sand damage to the railway and thus, the control of blown sand is important for the safe operation of the railway. C...The Qinghai-Tibet Railway(QTR) passes through 281 km of sandy land, 11.07 km of which causes serious sand damage to the railway and thus, the control of blown sand is important for the safe operation of the railway. Construction of the railway and sand prevention system greatly changed the blown sand transport of the primary surface. Effective and feasible sand-control measures include stone checkerboard barriers(SCBs), sand fences(SFs), and gravel coverings. This study simulated the embankments, SCBs and SFs of the QTR in a wind tunnel, and analyzed their respective wind profile, sand deposition, and sand-blocking rate(SBR) in conjunction with field data, aiming at studying the influence of Golmud-Lhasa section of the QTR and sand prevention system on blown sand transport. The results of wind tunnel experiments showed that wind speed increased by 67.7%–77.3% at the upwind shoulder of the embankment and decreased by 50.0%–83.3% at upwind foot of embankment. Wind speed decreased by 50.0%–100.0% after passing through the first SF, and 72.2%–100.0% after the first row of stones within the first SCB grid. In the experiment of sand deposition, the higher the wind speed, the lower the SBR of SCB and SF. From field investigation, the amount of sand blocked by the four SFs decreased exponentially and its SBR was about 50.0%. By contrast, SCB could only block lower amounts of sand, but had a higher SBR(96.7%) than SF. Although, results show that SFs and SCBs along the Golmud-Lhasa section of the QTR provide an obvious sand blocking effect, they lead to the deposition of a large amount of sand, which forms artificial dunes and becomes a new source of sand damage.展开更多
Based on the factors impact strength model(FISM), we studied on calculation formulas of influence strength and key elements of FISM, and analyzed the turnover time of railway freight transportation of China. The resul...Based on the factors impact strength model(FISM), we studied on calculation formulas of influence strength and key elements of FISM, and analyzed the turnover time of railway freight transportation of China. The results show that wagon transfer time is the most critical factor among the three subjective factors of wagons turnover time. The FISM based analysis of wagon transfer time show that the wagon turnover time is significantly correlated with transit time with resorting. Among the seven factors of detention time of transit time with resorting, the time of waiting to departing, converging, and waiting to break-up are key factors, while the time of make-up, break-up, arrival and departure are general factors. We carried out one empirical research based on the data of Baoji East Railway Station in 2015. The results of empirical research and FISM are consistent completely.展开更多
This paper discussed the necessity of establishing a computer network in a mining railway transport management system. The network structure and the system security design, associated with the real development conditi...This paper discussed the necessity of establishing a computer network in a mining railway transport management system. The network structure and the system security design, associated with the real development condition of a mining area, were brought forward, and the system evaluation was given.展开更多
Railway is the backbone of Chinese transportation system,but its poor quality of services for passengers cause complains now and then.This study first analyzed the influencing factors of service quality on railway pas...Railway is the backbone of Chinese transportation system,but its poor quality of services for passengers cause complains now and then.This study first analyzed the influencing factors of service quality on railway passenger,and its quality characteristics was also explained,and finally we proposed an evaluation system of service quality on railway passenger transport.Through the statistical analysis and processing of the basic information from survey data from railway station,trains and the official website of the ticket purchase,the evaluation score of question naire was converted into the score in evaluation index system,which was based on SERVQUAL model.Finally,the evaluation index system was applied to the field test,and all levels of indicators and the overall evaluation of railway passenger transport service quality was obtained.The relevant results show that the evaluation model of this study is concise and practical,and the method has certain practicability and promotion value,which is beneficial to the department of management supervision in railway transportation.展开更多
This paper discusses the characterization of railway transportation safety, andapplies the Grey-Markov forecasting model to predict the occurrences of thedriving accident on railway according to their speciality. It w...This paper discusses the characterization of railway transportation safety, andapplies the Grey-Markov forecasting model to predict the occurrences of thedriving accident on railway according to their speciality. It will offer a reliableargument for taking measures to prevent driving accidents.展开更多
This paper systematically analyzes and proves the favorable factors of utilizing the ports and the railways in Northeast China for the Asia-Europe land bridge transportation. It will be more beneficial to Dalian Port ...This paper systematically analyzes and proves the favorable factors of utilizing the ports and the railways in Northeast China for the Asia-Europe land bridge transportation. It will be more beneficial to Dalian Port and HaDa (Harbin-Dalian) and Binzhou (Harbin-Manzhouli) railways in Northeast China to the Siberia railway in Russia than 1) to other ports and the corresponding railways in China, 2) to the Nakhodka Port in Russia and the corresponding railways and 3) to the Chongjin Port in North Korea and the corresponding railways. This paper also puts forward the reform measures to adopt the ports and the railways in the northeast region in China for the land bridge transportation and the problems in transportation policies and management systems.展开更多
To seek a better development in the superior domain of the Journal and build a high influential journal for railway academic and engineering communities,the Editorial Board has decided to narrow the Journal’s publica...To seek a better development in the superior domain of the Journal and build a high influential journal for railway academic and engineering communities,the Editorial Board has decided to narrow the Journal’s publication scope from the general area of transportation covering various transportation systems(railway,highway,air,etc.)to the cutting edges of railway engineering science.With the approval of the State Administration of Press and Publication of China,the title of the Journal shall be changed from Journal of Modern Transportation(CN 51-1739/U,ISSN 2095-087X)to Railway Engineering Science(CN 51-1795/U,ISSN to be issued)with effect from Jan.1,2020.Under the new title,the Journal exclusively focuses on fundamental research progresses in theories and emerging technologies of various rail transit systems,such as high-speed railways,urban rail transit systems,heavy-haul technologies,maglev railways,and hyperloop transportation,aiming to provide a forum for dissemination of innovations in railway research and promote academic exchanges in all aspects of railway engineering science.展开更多
Purpose-This paper aims to provide top-level design and basic platform for intelligent application in China high-speed railway.Design/methodology/approach-Based on the analysis for the future development trends of wor...Purpose-This paper aims to provide top-level design and basic platform for intelligent application in China high-speed railway.Design/methodology/approach-Based on the analysis for the future development trends of world railway,combined with the actual development needs in China high-speed railway,The definition and scientific connotation of intelligent high-speed railway(IHSR)are given at first,and then the system architecture of IHSR are outlined,including 1 basic platform,3 business sectors,10 business fields,and 18 innovative applications.At last,a basic platform with cloud edge integration for IHSR is designed.Findings-The rationality,feasibility and implementability of the system architecture of IHSR have been verified on and applied to the Beijing-Zhangjiakou high-speed railway,providing important support for the construction and operation of the world’s first IHSR.Originality/value-This paper systematically gives the definition and connotation of the IHSR and put forward the system architecture of IHSR for first time.It will play the most important role in the design,construction and operation of IHSR.展开更多
The transport of dangerous goods always represents a potential risk to life,human health,property,and environmental protection.For this reason and in order to preserve the lives and health of the participants in the t...The transport of dangerous goods always represents a potential risk to life,human health,property,and environmental protection.For this reason and in order to preserve the lives and health of the participants in the transport process,adequate protection measures must be taken before,during,and after the transport of dangerous goods.Since the railway itself is a recipient of dangerous goods that are essential for its own operation,and is also a carrier of large quantities of various dangerous goods,these measures are of paramount importance.This paper examines,from a point of view of the protection of lives and health of the participants in the transport process and the safe transport of dangerous goods,the conditions of shipment and transport of dangerous goods,the obligations of the participants,and the essential ways for their proper handling.Proper application of safety at work prevents impromptu and indolent attitude in transporting dangerous goods,thus contributing to protection of people lives and health.Finally,this paper includes preventive measures and basic principles for implementation of safety at work in the transport of dangerous goods.展开更多
Good equipment management is essential for the day to day management of an enterprise. Targeted at production opera-tion of the railway transportation department of a mining group and aimed at mine railway equipment m...Good equipment management is essential for the day to day management of an enterprise. Targeted at production opera-tion of the railway transportation department of a mining group and aimed at mine railway equipment management, we have estab-lished a management information system for the equipment in the entire process of the life cycle of equipment. The project deals with basic data about equipment, initial management, maintenance, operation and even disposal, based on a C/S and B/S structure. We adopted an object-oriented approach, dealing with software engineering, information engineering, economic and organizational measures. Thus, effective monitoring and control of the operation of railway equipment and its status in the entire process has been achieved.展开更多
With the quasi-natural experiment of the launching of high-speed railways in Chinese cities,this paper empirically investigated the effects of the upgrade of the transportation infrastructure on the site selection of ...With the quasi-natural experiment of the launching of high-speed railways in Chinese cities,this paper empirically investigated the effects of the upgrade of the transportation infrastructure on the site selection of polluting enterprises.We found that although the launching of a high-speed railway generally has a negative impact on the siting of polluting enterprises:(i)While there was a significant decrease in polluting enterprises of a private and other nature,the reduction in overseas-funded and state-owned enterprises was insignificant;(ii)while the launching of a high-speed railway greatly restrained the entry of polluting enterprises in the eastern region,large cities and more developed cities,this was followed by the movement of more polluting enterprises to the central and western regions,small and medium-sized cities and less developed cities;(iii)there was a significant decrease in polluting enterprises in environmentally conscious cities after the launching of a high-speed railway.This paper also found that infrastructure upgrade may influence the siting of polluting enterprises through the following:Environmental cleanness,factor concentration and spatial integration.Government authorities and market entities should be fully aware of and attach great importance to how the transportation infrastructure influences the site selection of businesses,as this is of great significance for China’s regional development planning,local business climate and investment planning,environmental protection,and other related policymaking initiatives.展开更多
In recent ten years, the rapid development of China high-speed railway is called "China miracle", and it not only provides great convenience for people's daily life trip, but also greatly promotes the ec...In recent ten years, the rapid development of China high-speed railway is called "China miracle", and it not only provides great convenience for people's daily life trip, but also greatly promotes the economic development. However, the annual spring transportation in the special period is still a great challenge to high-speed railway transportation, and this paper analyzes the high-speed railway ticket for spring transportation from the perspective of microeconomics, and then thinks for the solution. This paper specifically analyzes the problem that demand exceeds supply for high-speed railway ticket by using the theories of the demand elasticity of supply and demand and the influence of price on supply and demand, monopoly markets. In addition, opportunity cost, incomplete information and other economic principles are used to think about the theoretical reasons for the difficulty of buying tickets during the spring transportation. I have given my understanding for the two problems owned by China spring transportation, and the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions. For example, speed up the development of substitutes and carry out the mechanism of price fluctuation;In the ticket refunding mechanism, this paper boldly conceives the method to relieve the pressure through a reasonable and scientific ticket refunding mechanism. Finally, this paper starts from the source and find the key point to solve the problem of spring transportation in China by breaking the urban-rural dual structure. Hereafter the final conclusion was drawn: Although there are some problems to cope with the spring transport for the current China high-speed railway, it is believed that in the near future, the difficulty of buying a ticket in spring transportation will no longer hinder the homecoming of wanderers.展开更多
Rail transport has and continues to play a key role in the movement of goods and passengers in many countries around the world including Nigeria.However,while rail transport continues to enjoy relative importance in t...Rail transport has and continues to play a key role in the movement of goods and passengers in many countries around the world including Nigeria.However,while rail transport continues to enjoy relative importance in terms of investment,growth and contribution to the national economy in several countries,it has suffered and declined(in terms of modal share contribution which has led to decreased patronage)in Nigeria.However,there are new developments and investment on rail and some measures are being put in place to revive the Nigerian rail transport system.As these new developments and rehabilitations are going on,it will be imperative to know what the users/customers think as well,so that they are not left out because under normal circumstances,customers need transport services and not rail transport services.Therefore,if they were not satisfied with rail transport services they would simply turn to other modes of transport.As part of an on-going PhD research project,this paper focuses on the perceptions of Nigerian rail transport users/customers regarding the quality of rail services provided.Data was collected by the use of structured/semi-structured questionnaires,which were distributed,to the respondents.The study sample included 474 respondents between the age range of 20-70 out of which just 21(4.4%)have used rail transport;this low patronage figure is as a result of the long time neglect of the Nigerian rail transport system while 474(100%)of the correspondents use road transport daily which has led to an increasing pressure on road transport and infrastructures.Data was collected respectively from the following cities:Lagos,Warri,Ughelli and Benin.展开更多
This paper focuses on the Korla-Ruoqiang desert railway line,utilizing ERAS(ERA5 is the fifth generation of ECMWF(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts)atmospheric reanalysis global climate data)wind data...This paper focuses on the Korla-Ruoqiang desert railway line,utilizing ERAS(ERA5 is the fifth generation of ECMWF(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts)atmospheric reanalysis global climate data)wind data to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the wind energy environment along the line in all aspects,reveals the characteristics of wind-sand transport,and puts forward the countermeasures to prevent and control wind-sand disasters.The results of the study indicate that:(1)the wind-sand along the line mainly occurs in the spring and summer seasons,and the dominant sand-moving directions are easterly(ENE,E and NNE)and northeasterly(NE).(2)The average annual sand-moving wind speed ranges from 5.80 m/s to 7.25 m/s,and the annual frequency of sand-moving ranges from 11.99%to 37.26%.(3)The annual sand drift potential(DP)along the line ranges from 69.20 VU to 607.24 VU,with three types of wind energy environments:low,medium and high.The resultant drift potential(RDP)ranges from 45.52 VU to 547.49 VU,and the wind variability index(RDP/DP)is between 0.54 and 0.90.(4)The average sand transport quantity along the line ranges from 2.92 m^(3)/m/a to 9.09 m3/m/a.Based on these results,we optimize the sand blocking,sand fixing and wind erosion prevention measures for different types of wind-sand environments,establish a scientific and efficient wind-sand protection and control system to solve the wind-sand problems and provide a scientific foundation for the prevention and control of wind-sand disasters along the line.展开更多
基金supported by Systematic Major Project of China State Railway Group Corporation Limited(Grant Number:P2023W002).
文摘The development of Intelligent Railway Transportation Systems necessitates incorporating privacy-preserving mechanisms into AI models to protect sensitive information and enhance system efficiency.Federated learning offers a promising solution by allowing multiple clients to train models collaboratively without sharing private data.However,despite its privacy benefits,federated learning systems are vulnerable to poisoning attacks,where adversaries alter local model parameters on compromised clients and send malicious updates to the server,potentially compromising the global model’s accuracy.In this study,we introduce PMM(Perturbation coefficient Multiplied by Maximum value),a new poisoning attack method that perturbs model updates layer by layer,demonstrating the threat of poisoning attacks faced by federated learning.Extensive experiments across three distinct datasets have demonstrated PMM’s ability to significantly reduce the global model’s accuracy.Additionally,we propose an effective defense method,namely CLBL(Cluster Layer By Layer).Experiment results on three datasets have confirmed CLBL’s effectiveness.
基金China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd(No.K2023X030)China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited(No.2021YJ017).
文摘Purpose–Revenue management(RM)is a significant technique to improve revenue with limited resources.With the macro environment of dramatically increasing transit capacity and rapid railway transport development in China,it is necessary to involve the theory of RM into the operation and decision of railway passenger transport.Design/methodology/approach–This paper proposes the theory and framework of generalized RM of railway passenger transport(RMRPT),and the thoughts and methods of the main techniques in RMRPT,involving demand forecasting,line planning,inventory control,pricing strategies and information systems,are all studied and elaborated.The involved methods and techniques provide a sequential process to help with the decision-making for each stage of RMRPT.The corresponding techniques are integrated into the information system to support practical businesses in railway passenger transport.Findings–The combination of the whole techniques devotes to railway benefit improvement and transit resource utilization and has been applied into the practical operation and organization of railway passenger transport.Originality/value–The development of RMRPT would provide theoretical and technical support for the improvement of service quality as well as railway benefits and efficiency.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62102032)the R&D Program of Beijing Municipal Education Commission(Grant No.KM202211417010).
文摘This paper describes the development and optimization plans for the China Railway Express(CR Express).As a new type of international land transport organization,CR Express has emerged with the continuous expansion of China toward European investment and trade,and in particular,has expanded with the continuous progress of the One Belt and One Road(OBOR)initiative.In addition to improving the service quality of CR Express,the operating costs must be reduced for developing“smart railways”that serve“smart cities”.We propose a dualobjective-based function mathematical optimization model;the satisfaction of the cargo owner is considered,and the timeliness,transportation capacity,and goods category constraints of CR Express transportation are designed.Moreover,we present the normalized equivalent method of the two-objective function of the model.Finally,a case study is conducted against the background of certain trains in the western corridor of CR Express to validate the effectiveness of the model and research methods proposed in this study.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFB4300500).
文摘The multi-mode integrated railway system,anchored by the high-speed railway,caters to the diverse travel requirements both within and between cities,offering safe,comfortable,punctual,and eco-friendly transportation services.With the expansion of the railway networks,enhancing the efficiency and safety of the comprehensive system has become a crucial issue in the advanced development of railway transportation.In light of the prevailing application of artificial intelligence technologies within railway systems,this study leverages large model technology characterized by robust learning capabilities,efficient associative abilities,and linkage analysis to propose an Artificial-intelligent(AI)-powered railway control and dispatching system.This system is elaborately designed with four core functions,including global optimum unattended dispatching,synergetic transportation in multiple modes,high-speed automatic control,and precise maintenance decision and execution.The deployment pathway and essential tasks of the system are further delineated,alongside the challenges and obstacles encountered.The AI-powered system promises a significant enhancement in the operational efficiency and safety of the composite railway system,ensuring a more effective alignment between transportation services and passenger demands.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.72071133)Hebei Provincial Department of Education Humanities and Social Science Research Major Projects(No.ZD202309).
文摘Purpose-The spatiotemporal compression effect of China-Europe Railway Express(CR-Express)can reduce the filow costs of resources between China's node cities.Additionally,it can break through the limitations of low-added-value marine products,significantly impacting the logistics industry efficiency.However,there are few literature verifying and analyzing its heterogeneity.This study explores the impact of CR-Express on the efficiency of logistics industry in node cities and analyzes the heterogeneity.Design/methodology/approach-First,this study uses panel data to measure the efficiency of node city logistics industry.Secondiy,this study discusses the impact of the opening of CR-Express on the efficiency of logistics industry in node cities based on the multi-period differential model.Finally,according to the node city difference,the sample city experimental group is grouped for heterogeneity analysis.Findings-The results show that CR-Express can promote the urban logistics industry efficiency,with an average effect of 4.55%.According to the urban characteristics classification,the heterogeneity analysis shows that the efficiency improvement effect of logistics industry in inland cities is more obvious.The improvement effect of node cities and central cities in central and western China is stronger,especially in the sample of megacities and type I big cities.Compared with non-value chain industrial products,the CR-Express has significant promotion effects on the logistics efficiency of the cities where main goods are value chain products.Originality/value-Under the background of double cycle development,this paper can provide a scientific basis for the investment benefit evaluation of CR-Express construction and the follow-up route planning.
文摘Transportation sector is one of the most important elements of a country’s economy with its highway,railway,airway and seaway modes,besides the information and communication infrastructure.Transportation sector has a pattern that affects the society continuously with its economic and social inputs that has a significant role in economies of countries in terms of being an important part of manufacturing process and effects of sizable investments on economy.Demands of more comfortable,more reliable,more safe and more punctual transport in developing economy is an arising trend worldwide and this shows an increase the importance of the transportation sector.Establishment of an efficient and functional transportation system is closely related with traffic safety,intermodal integration and balanced modal distribution.In Turkey,an important improvement has been achieved in these issues,but also some basic constitutive problems are still continuing.These constitutional problems can be summarized as providing traffic safety,integration of innovative implementations to transportation system,enhancing of infrastructure and an effective usage of existing infrastructure.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.40930741)National Basic Research Program of China(No.2012CB026105)
文摘The Qinghai-Tibet Railway(QTR) passes through 281 km of sandy land, 11.07 km of which causes serious sand damage to the railway and thus, the control of blown sand is important for the safe operation of the railway. Construction of the railway and sand prevention system greatly changed the blown sand transport of the primary surface. Effective and feasible sand-control measures include stone checkerboard barriers(SCBs), sand fences(SFs), and gravel coverings. This study simulated the embankments, SCBs and SFs of the QTR in a wind tunnel, and analyzed their respective wind profile, sand deposition, and sand-blocking rate(SBR) in conjunction with field data, aiming at studying the influence of Golmud-Lhasa section of the QTR and sand prevention system on blown sand transport. The results of wind tunnel experiments showed that wind speed increased by 67.7%–77.3% at the upwind shoulder of the embankment and decreased by 50.0%–83.3% at upwind foot of embankment. Wind speed decreased by 50.0%–100.0% after passing through the first SF, and 72.2%–100.0% after the first row of stones within the first SCB grid. In the experiment of sand deposition, the higher the wind speed, the lower the SBR of SCB and SF. From field investigation, the amount of sand blocked by the four SFs decreased exponentially and its SBR was about 50.0%. By contrast, SCB could only block lower amounts of sand, but had a higher SBR(96.7%) than SF. Although, results show that SFs and SCBs along the Golmud-Lhasa section of the QTR provide an obvious sand blocking effect, they lead to the deposition of a large amount of sand, which forms artificial dunes and becomes a new source of sand damage.
基金Funded by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(No.26816WTD23)the National United Engineering Laboratory of Integrated and Intelligent Transportation of Southwest Jiaotong University,P.R.China(No.2682017ZT11)
文摘Based on the factors impact strength model(FISM), we studied on calculation formulas of influence strength and key elements of FISM, and analyzed the turnover time of railway freight transportation of China. The results show that wagon transfer time is the most critical factor among the three subjective factors of wagons turnover time. The FISM based analysis of wagon transfer time show that the wagon turnover time is significantly correlated with transit time with resorting. Among the seven factors of detention time of transit time with resorting, the time of waiting to departing, converging, and waiting to break-up are key factors, while the time of make-up, break-up, arrival and departure are general factors. We carried out one empirical research based on the data of Baoji East Railway Station in 2015. The results of empirical research and FISM are consistent completely.
文摘This paper discussed the necessity of establishing a computer network in a mining railway transport management system. The network structure and the system security design, associated with the real development condition of a mining area, were brought forward, and the system evaluation was given.
文摘Railway is the backbone of Chinese transportation system,but its poor quality of services for passengers cause complains now and then.This study first analyzed the influencing factors of service quality on railway passenger,and its quality characteristics was also explained,and finally we proposed an evaluation system of service quality on railway passenger transport.Through the statistical analysis and processing of the basic information from survey data from railway station,trains and the official website of the ticket purchase,the evaluation score of question naire was converted into the score in evaluation index system,which was based on SERVQUAL model.Finally,the evaluation index system was applied to the field test,and all levels of indicators and the overall evaluation of railway passenger transport service quality was obtained.The relevant results show that the evaluation model of this study is concise and practical,and the method has certain practicability and promotion value,which is beneficial to the department of management supervision in railway transportation.
文摘This paper discusses the characterization of railway transportation safety, andapplies the Grey-Markov forecasting model to predict the occurrences of thedriving accident on railway according to their speciality. It will offer a reliableargument for taking measures to prevent driving accidents.
文摘This paper systematically analyzes and proves the favorable factors of utilizing the ports and the railways in Northeast China for the Asia-Europe land bridge transportation. It will be more beneficial to Dalian Port and HaDa (Harbin-Dalian) and Binzhou (Harbin-Manzhouli) railways in Northeast China to the Siberia railway in Russia than 1) to other ports and the corresponding railways in China, 2) to the Nakhodka Port in Russia and the corresponding railways and 3) to the Chongjin Port in North Korea and the corresponding railways. This paper also puts forward the reform measures to adopt the ports and the railways in the northeast region in China for the land bridge transportation and the problems in transportation policies and management systems.
文摘To seek a better development in the superior domain of the Journal and build a high influential journal for railway academic and engineering communities,the Editorial Board has decided to narrow the Journal’s publication scope from the general area of transportation covering various transportation systems(railway,highway,air,etc.)to the cutting edges of railway engineering science.With the approval of the State Administration of Press and Publication of China,the title of the Journal shall be changed from Journal of Modern Transportation(CN 51-1739/U,ISSN 2095-087X)to Railway Engineering Science(CN 51-1795/U,ISSN to be issued)with effect from Jan.1,2020.Under the new title,the Journal exclusively focuses on fundamental research progresses in theories and emerging technologies of various rail transit systems,such as high-speed railways,urban rail transit systems,heavy-haul technologies,maglev railways,and hyperloop transportation,aiming to provide a forum for dissemination of innovations in railway research and promote academic exchanges in all aspects of railway engineering science.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Research and Development Program of China State Railway Group Co.Ltd. (K2021X010).
文摘Purpose-This paper aims to provide top-level design and basic platform for intelligent application in China high-speed railway.Design/methodology/approach-Based on the analysis for the future development trends of world railway,combined with the actual development needs in China high-speed railway,The definition and scientific connotation of intelligent high-speed railway(IHSR)are given at first,and then the system architecture of IHSR are outlined,including 1 basic platform,3 business sectors,10 business fields,and 18 innovative applications.At last,a basic platform with cloud edge integration for IHSR is designed.Findings-The rationality,feasibility and implementability of the system architecture of IHSR have been verified on and applied to the Beijing-Zhangjiakou high-speed railway,providing important support for the construction and operation of the world’s first IHSR.Originality/value-This paper systematically gives the definition and connotation of the IHSR and put forward the system architecture of IHSR for first time.It will play the most important role in the design,construction and operation of IHSR.
文摘The transport of dangerous goods always represents a potential risk to life,human health,property,and environmental protection.For this reason and in order to preserve the lives and health of the participants in the transport process,adequate protection measures must be taken before,during,and after the transport of dangerous goods.Since the railway itself is a recipient of dangerous goods that are essential for its own operation,and is also a carrier of large quantities of various dangerous goods,these measures are of paramount importance.This paper examines,from a point of view of the protection of lives and health of the participants in the transport process and the safe transport of dangerous goods,the conditions of shipment and transport of dangerous goods,the obligations of the participants,and the essential ways for their proper handling.Proper application of safety at work prevents impromptu and indolent attitude in transporting dangerous goods,thus contributing to protection of people lives and health.Finally,this paper includes preventive measures and basic principles for implementation of safety at work in the transport of dangerous goods.
文摘Good equipment management is essential for the day to day management of an enterprise. Targeted at production opera-tion of the railway transportation department of a mining group and aimed at mine railway equipment management, we have estab-lished a management information system for the equipment in the entire process of the life cycle of equipment. The project deals with basic data about equipment, initial management, maintenance, operation and even disposal, based on a C/S and B/S structure. We adopted an object-oriented approach, dealing with software engineering, information engineering, economic and organizational measures. Thus, effective monitoring and control of the operation of railway equipment and its status in the entire process has been achieved.
基金supported by Major Project of the National Social Science Fund of China (NSSFC)“Study on Making Substantive Progress in China’s Long-range Goal of Common Prosperity by 2035”(Grant No. 21ZDA005)General Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)“Trade Partners, Commodity Structure and Environmental Pollution”(Grant No. 72073013)+1 种基金General Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)“Village Democratic Governance and China’s Processing Trade Transition”(Grant No. 71773007)support from the Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Financial Service and Collaborative Innovation Center for Sci-tech Innovation Industries。
文摘With the quasi-natural experiment of the launching of high-speed railways in Chinese cities,this paper empirically investigated the effects of the upgrade of the transportation infrastructure on the site selection of polluting enterprises.We found that although the launching of a high-speed railway generally has a negative impact on the siting of polluting enterprises:(i)While there was a significant decrease in polluting enterprises of a private and other nature,the reduction in overseas-funded and state-owned enterprises was insignificant;(ii)while the launching of a high-speed railway greatly restrained the entry of polluting enterprises in the eastern region,large cities and more developed cities,this was followed by the movement of more polluting enterprises to the central and western regions,small and medium-sized cities and less developed cities;(iii)there was a significant decrease in polluting enterprises in environmentally conscious cities after the launching of a high-speed railway.This paper also found that infrastructure upgrade may influence the siting of polluting enterprises through the following:Environmental cleanness,factor concentration and spatial integration.Government authorities and market entities should be fully aware of and attach great importance to how the transportation infrastructure influences the site selection of businesses,as this is of great significance for China’s regional development planning,local business climate and investment planning,environmental protection,and other related policymaking initiatives.
文摘In recent ten years, the rapid development of China high-speed railway is called "China miracle", and it not only provides great convenience for people's daily life trip, but also greatly promotes the economic development. However, the annual spring transportation in the special period is still a great challenge to high-speed railway transportation, and this paper analyzes the high-speed railway ticket for spring transportation from the perspective of microeconomics, and then thinks for the solution. This paper specifically analyzes the problem that demand exceeds supply for high-speed railway ticket by using the theories of the demand elasticity of supply and demand and the influence of price on supply and demand, monopoly markets. In addition, opportunity cost, incomplete information and other economic principles are used to think about the theoretical reasons for the difficulty of buying tickets during the spring transportation. I have given my understanding for the two problems owned by China spring transportation, and the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions. For example, speed up the development of substitutes and carry out the mechanism of price fluctuation;In the ticket refunding mechanism, this paper boldly conceives the method to relieve the pressure through a reasonable and scientific ticket refunding mechanism. Finally, this paper starts from the source and find the key point to solve the problem of spring transportation in China by breaking the urban-rural dual structure. Hereafter the final conclusion was drawn: Although there are some problems to cope with the spring transport for the current China high-speed railway, it is believed that in the near future, the difficulty of buying a ticket in spring transportation will no longer hinder the homecoming of wanderers.
文摘Rail transport has and continues to play a key role in the movement of goods and passengers in many countries around the world including Nigeria.However,while rail transport continues to enjoy relative importance in terms of investment,growth and contribution to the national economy in several countries,it has suffered and declined(in terms of modal share contribution which has led to decreased patronage)in Nigeria.However,there are new developments and investment on rail and some measures are being put in place to revive the Nigerian rail transport system.As these new developments and rehabilitations are going on,it will be imperative to know what the users/customers think as well,so that they are not left out because under normal circumstances,customers need transport services and not rail transport services.Therefore,if they were not satisfied with rail transport services they would simply turn to other modes of transport.As part of an on-going PhD research project,this paper focuses on the perceptions of Nigerian rail transport users/customers regarding the quality of rail services provided.Data was collected by the use of structured/semi-structured questionnaires,which were distributed,to the respondents.The study sample included 474 respondents between the age range of 20-70 out of which just 21(4.4%)have used rail transport;this low patronage figure is as a result of the long time neglect of the Nigerian rail transport system while 474(100%)of the correspondents use road transport daily which has led to an increasing pressure on road transport and infrastructures.Data was collected respectively from the following cities:Lagos,Warri,Ughelli and Benin.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52168065)。
文摘This paper focuses on the Korla-Ruoqiang desert railway line,utilizing ERAS(ERA5 is the fifth generation of ECMWF(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts)atmospheric reanalysis global climate data)wind data to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the wind energy environment along the line in all aspects,reveals the characteristics of wind-sand transport,and puts forward the countermeasures to prevent and control wind-sand disasters.The results of the study indicate that:(1)the wind-sand along the line mainly occurs in the spring and summer seasons,and the dominant sand-moving directions are easterly(ENE,E and NNE)and northeasterly(NE).(2)The average annual sand-moving wind speed ranges from 5.80 m/s to 7.25 m/s,and the annual frequency of sand-moving ranges from 11.99%to 37.26%.(3)The annual sand drift potential(DP)along the line ranges from 69.20 VU to 607.24 VU,with three types of wind energy environments:low,medium and high.The resultant drift potential(RDP)ranges from 45.52 VU to 547.49 VU,and the wind variability index(RDP/DP)is between 0.54 and 0.90.(4)The average sand transport quantity along the line ranges from 2.92 m^(3)/m/a to 9.09 m3/m/a.Based on these results,we optimize the sand blocking,sand fixing and wind erosion prevention measures for different types of wind-sand environments,establish a scientific and efficient wind-sand protection and control system to solve the wind-sand problems and provide a scientific foundation for the prevention and control of wind-sand disasters along the line.
