A multiwavelength tunable ring-cavity erbium-doped fiber laser(EDFL)based on a Lyot filter was presented.For the proposed Lyot filter,a comb filter consisting of an EDF-polarization-maintaining fiber(EDF-PMF),a polari...A multiwavelength tunable ring-cavity erbium-doped fiber laser(EDFL)based on a Lyot filter was presented.For the proposed Lyot filter,a comb filter consisting of an EDF-polarization-maintaining fiber(EDF-PMF),a polarization controller(PC),and a circulator with four ports was used to suppress the mode competition.The light transmission direction was guaranteed by the circulator.For the proposed fiber laser,tunable single,dual,triple,quadruple,quintuple,sextuple,and septuple wavelengths were realized.A single-wavelength laser output with an optical signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)of up to30.56 dB was realized,and a tuning range of 1590.54 nm to 1599.54 nm was achieved by tuning the PC.The stability of the single,dual,triple,and quadruple-wavelength center power fluctuations was less than 0.05 dB,0.98 dB,5.07 dB,and7.71 dB respectively.When the laser was operated in the multiwavelength condition,the SNR was more than 20.97 dB.The proposed erbium-doped fiber laser is suitable for fiber-sensing system applications.展开更多
The present paper proposes a new method of spectrophotometry based on linear combination ofmultiwavelength data by means of selecting a set of properly weighted coefficients and combination methods.It is clear that th...The present paper proposes a new method of spectrophotometry based on linear combination ofmultiwavelength data by means of selecting a set of properly weighted coefficients and combination methods.It is clear that the weighted combination absorbance attained is only in direct proportion to the concentrationof the analysed component and independent of coexisting interferents.The accuracy of the analytical resultsis improved greatly for the analysis of light rare earths with the coexistence of heavy rare earths.The analyti-cal error from the reagent blank and co-coloration of light and heavy rare earths have also been overcome.The greatly improved linearity and additivity of absorbance are obtained.展开更多
This paper demonstrates a room-temperature multiwavelength fibre laser with spacing-adjustability and wavelength-tunability. The nonlinear gain of self-excited stimulated Brillouin scattering can suppress mode competi...This paper demonstrates a room-temperature multiwavelength fibre laser with spacing-adjustability and wavelength-tunability. The nonlinear gain of self-excited stimulated Brillouin scattering can suppress mode competition induced by homogeneous broadening of Erbium-doped fibre. With the use of a birefringence fibre loop filter, the wavelength spacing can be adjusted by changing the length of the used birefringence fibre, and the lasing wavelengths can be finely tuned through modifying the filtering profile of the birefringence filter. Multiwavelength output with spectral spacing as small as 0.076 nm and a wavelength number of more than 80 has been successfully produced.展开更多
A modified multiwavelength actively mode-locked fiber ring laser is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. In this kind of laser, stable multiwavelengths lasing is achieved by integrating cascaded sampled fiber Bra...A modified multiwavelength actively mode-locked fiber ring laser is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. In this kind of laser, stable multiwavelengths lasing is achieved by integrating cascaded sampled fiber Bragg gratings(SFBGs) into the laser cavity. To implement actively mode-locking technique, a double-ring cavity configuration is used to assure that the cavity lengths for all wavelengths lasing are identical. Thus, simultaneous mode locking of all wavelengths has been successfully achieved by using the same mode-locking signal.展开更多
The growing demands of optical systems have led to increasingly complex aspheres and freeforms.In this paper,an established measurement system in asphere production,which is also a promising approach in high-precision...The growing demands of optical systems have led to increasingly complex aspheres and freeforms.In this paper,an established measurement system in asphere production,which is also a promising approach in high-precision freeform metrology,is presented.It is based on a scanning-point multiwavelength interferometer approach.The scanning principle enables great fexibility,reduces setup time and costs,and has almost no limitations in spherical departure.Due to the absolute measurement capability,the utilized multiwavelength approach is benefcial for segmented,annular,and discrete surfaces,which are common designs of modern applications’optical elements.The metrology system enables measurements on a nanometer scale on a great variety of apertures—from 1 to 1000 mm.Recently,a new short-coherence multiwavelength interferometer operating in the visible domain has been developed.It enables the high-precision measurement on silicon-coated surfaces,which can be found in space applications and are also commonly used for extreme-ultraviolet(EUV)lithographic setups,which will be used as an example throughout this work.Owing to the large absolute measurement capability,applied grating structures for suppressing infrared light in the EUV process can easily be measured.This paper summarizes the basic working principles of the proposed metrology system,explains the special requirements for diferent felds of application,highlights the capabilities of the visible multiwavelength approach,and shows the measurement results.展开更多
Characteristics of atmospheric carbonaceous aerosols in Lanzhou City from December 2014 to November 2015 are analyzed using a multiwavelength thermal/optical carbon analyzer. Results reveal that average concentrations...Characteristics of atmospheric carbonaceous aerosols in Lanzhou City from December 2014 to November 2015 are analyzed using a multiwavelength thermal/optical carbon analyzer. Results reveal that average concentrations of black carbon (BC) and organic carbon in atmospheric aerosols at Lanzhou are 6.7 and 25.4 μg m^(-3), respectively, showing obvious seasonality (higher in winter and lower in summer). This is consistent with findings in cities of northern China. Primary organic aerosols and secondary organic aerosols respectively account for approximately 60% and 17% of carbonaceous aerosols. No significant seasonality is found for secondary organic carbon, indicating that its potential sources do not vary significantly throughout the study period. The mass absorption cross-section (MAC_(632nm)) of BC is 7.1 m^2g^(-1), slightly higher than that of immediately emitted BC. MAC values of BC at different wavelengths vary drastically; they are higher for ultraviolet and visible light (8.5–10.2 m^2g^(-1)) than for near-infrared light (4.9–5.7 m^2g^(-1)). The aerosol absorption optical depth generally declines from the near-infrared to the near-ultraviolet region. The values are higher in winter than in summer, thus showing there are different contributions of BC deposition in different seasons. Brown carbon (BrC) has an ?ngstr?m absorption exponent (AAE) value of approximately 2.75, which is similar to the AAE value of BrC generated by diesel combustion (2.3). The contribution of BrC to light absorption is as much as 34% at a wavelength of 635 nm. This study demonstrates that the multiwavelength thermal/optical carbon analyzer can quantify absorption properties of BrC in atmospheric aerosols. This can enhance understanding of carbonaceous aerosols and provide key parameters for simulations of climate models.展开更多
Simultaneous multiwavelength lasing is demonstrated exploiting intracavity polarization in-homogeneity in an erbium-doped fiber laser. Experiments indicate that polarization hole burning can be enhanced by the changes...Simultaneous multiwavelength lasing is demonstrated exploiting intracavity polarization in-homogeneity in an erbium-doped fiber laser. Experiments indicate that polarization hole burning can be enhanced by the changes of optical MQW waveguide bias current and the polarization states in the laser cavity. Ten wavelengths with 0.9 nm spacing are generated at room temperature.展开更多
In this paper, we present the finding that periodic structural defects(PSDs) along a Bragg grating can shift the Bragg wavelength. This effect is theoretically analyzed and confirmed by numerical calculation. We find ...In this paper, we present the finding that periodic structural defects(PSDs) along a Bragg grating can shift the Bragg wavelength. This effect is theoretically analyzed and confirmed by numerical calculation. We find that the Bragg wavelength shift is determined by the defect size and the period of the defects. The Bragg wavelength can be well tuned by properly designing the PSDs, and this may provide an alternative method to fabricate grating-based multiwavelength devices, including optical filter arrays and laser arrays. In regards to wavelength precision, the proposed method has an advantage over the traditional methods, where the Bragg wavelengths are changed directly by changing the grating period. In addition, the proposed method can maintain grating strength when tuning the wavelength since only the period of defects is changed. This will be a benefit for devices such as arrays.展开更多
The selenomethionyl derivative of the thermo-stable catechol 2,3-dioxygenase (SeMet-TC23O) is expressed, purified and crystallized. By using multiwave length anoma-lous dispersion (MAD) phasing techniques, the crystal...The selenomethionyl derivative of the thermo-stable catechol 2,3-dioxygenase (SeMet-TC23O) is expressed, purified and crystallized. By using multiwave length anoma-lous dispersion (MAD) phasing techniques, the crystal structure of TC23O at 0.3 nm resolutions is determined. TC23O is a homotetramer. Each monomer is composed of N-terminal and C-terminal domains (residues 1-153 and 153-319, respectively). The two domains are proximately symmetric by a non-crystallographic axis. Each domain contains two characteristic motifs which are found in almost all of extradial dioxygenases.展开更多
基金Beijing Great Wall Scholars Program(Grant No.CIT&TCD20190323)Beijing Youth Talent Support Program(Grant No.Z2019042)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61875237).
文摘A multiwavelength tunable ring-cavity erbium-doped fiber laser(EDFL)based on a Lyot filter was presented.For the proposed Lyot filter,a comb filter consisting of an EDF-polarization-maintaining fiber(EDF-PMF),a polarization controller(PC),and a circulator with four ports was used to suppress the mode competition.The light transmission direction was guaranteed by the circulator.For the proposed fiber laser,tunable single,dual,triple,quadruple,quintuple,sextuple,and septuple wavelengths were realized.A single-wavelength laser output with an optical signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)of up to30.56 dB was realized,and a tuning range of 1590.54 nm to 1599.54 nm was achieved by tuning the PC.The stability of the single,dual,triple,and quadruple-wavelength center power fluctuations was less than 0.05 dB,0.98 dB,5.07 dB,and7.71 dB respectively.When the laser was operated in the multiwavelength condition,the SNR was more than 20.97 dB.The proposed erbium-doped fiber laser is suitable for fiber-sensing system applications.
文摘The present paper proposes a new method of spectrophotometry based on linear combination ofmultiwavelength data by means of selecting a set of properly weighted coefficients and combination methods.It is clear that the weighted combination absorbance attained is only in direct proportion to the concentrationof the analysed component and independent of coexisting interferents.The accuracy of the analytical resultsis improved greatly for the analysis of light rare earths with the coexistence of heavy rare earths.The analyti-cal error from the reagent blank and co-coloration of light and heavy rare earths have also been overcome.The greatly improved linearity and additivity of absorbance are obtained.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 60702006, 60736002, 60807014, 60837004 and 60967002)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation, Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical CommunicationsNatural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province (Grant No. 2008GQS0050)
文摘This paper demonstrates a room-temperature multiwavelength fibre laser with spacing-adjustability and wavelength-tunability. The nonlinear gain of self-excited stimulated Brillouin scattering can suppress mode competition induced by homogeneous broadening of Erbium-doped fibre. With the use of a birefringence fibre loop filter, the wavelength spacing can be adjusted by changing the length of the used birefringence fibre, and the lasing wavelengths can be finely tuned through modifying the filtering profile of the birefringence filter. Multiwavelength output with spectral spacing as small as 0.076 nm and a wavelength number of more than 80 has been successfully produced.
文摘A modified multiwavelength actively mode-locked fiber ring laser is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. In this kind of laser, stable multiwavelengths lasing is achieved by integrating cascaded sampled fiber Bragg gratings(SFBGs) into the laser cavity. To implement actively mode-locking technique, a double-ring cavity configuration is used to assure that the cavity lengths for all wavelengths lasing are identical. Thus, simultaneous mode locking of all wavelengths has been successfully achieved by using the same mode-locking signal.
文摘The growing demands of optical systems have led to increasingly complex aspheres and freeforms.In this paper,an established measurement system in asphere production,which is also a promising approach in high-precision freeform metrology,is presented.It is based on a scanning-point multiwavelength interferometer approach.The scanning principle enables great fexibility,reduces setup time and costs,and has almost no limitations in spherical departure.Due to the absolute measurement capability,the utilized multiwavelength approach is benefcial for segmented,annular,and discrete surfaces,which are common designs of modern applications’optical elements.The metrology system enables measurements on a nanometer scale on a great variety of apertures—from 1 to 1000 mm.Recently,a new short-coherence multiwavelength interferometer operating in the visible domain has been developed.It enables the high-precision measurement on silicon-coated surfaces,which can be found in space applications and are also commonly used for extreme-ultraviolet(EUV)lithographic setups,which will be used as an example throughout this work.Owing to the large absolute measurement capability,applied grating structures for suppressing infrared light in the EUV process can easily be measured.This paper summarizes the basic working principles of the proposed metrology system,explains the special requirements for diferent felds of application,highlights the capabilities of the visible multiwavelength approach,and shows the measurement results.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41671067, 41630754)the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences CAS (Grant No. QYZDJSSW-DQC039)+1 种基金the State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. SKLCS-ZZ-2018)the Youth Talents Project of Northwest Institute of Environmental Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Scholarship Council Project
文摘Characteristics of atmospheric carbonaceous aerosols in Lanzhou City from December 2014 to November 2015 are analyzed using a multiwavelength thermal/optical carbon analyzer. Results reveal that average concentrations of black carbon (BC) and organic carbon in atmospheric aerosols at Lanzhou are 6.7 and 25.4 μg m^(-3), respectively, showing obvious seasonality (higher in winter and lower in summer). This is consistent with findings in cities of northern China. Primary organic aerosols and secondary organic aerosols respectively account for approximately 60% and 17% of carbonaceous aerosols. No significant seasonality is found for secondary organic carbon, indicating that its potential sources do not vary significantly throughout the study period. The mass absorption cross-section (MAC_(632nm)) of BC is 7.1 m^2g^(-1), slightly higher than that of immediately emitted BC. MAC values of BC at different wavelengths vary drastically; they are higher for ultraviolet and visible light (8.5–10.2 m^2g^(-1)) than for near-infrared light (4.9–5.7 m^2g^(-1)). The aerosol absorption optical depth generally declines from the near-infrared to the near-ultraviolet region. The values are higher in winter than in summer, thus showing there are different contributions of BC deposition in different seasons. Brown carbon (BrC) has an ?ngstr?m absorption exponent (AAE) value of approximately 2.75, which is similar to the AAE value of BrC generated by diesel combustion (2.3). The contribution of BrC to light absorption is as much as 34% at a wavelength of 635 nm. This study demonstrates that the multiwavelength thermal/optical carbon analyzer can quantify absorption properties of BrC in atmospheric aerosols. This can enhance understanding of carbonaceous aerosols and provide key parameters for simulations of climate models.
文摘Simultaneous multiwavelength lasing is demonstrated exploiting intracavity polarization in-homogeneity in an erbium-doped fiber laser. Experiments indicate that polarization hole burning can be enhanced by the changes of optical MQW waveguide bias current and the polarization states in the laser cavity. Ten wavelengths with 0.9 nm spacing are generated at room temperature.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Youth)(61306068)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(BK20130585,BK20140414)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61435014,61504170,61504058)the National 863 Program(2015AA016902)
文摘In this paper, we present the finding that periodic structural defects(PSDs) along a Bragg grating can shift the Bragg wavelength. This effect is theoretically analyzed and confirmed by numerical calculation. We find that the Bragg wavelength shift is determined by the defect size and the period of the defects. The Bragg wavelength can be well tuned by properly designing the PSDs, and this may provide an alternative method to fabricate grating-based multiwavelength devices, including optical filter arrays and laser arrays. In regards to wavelength precision, the proposed method has an advantage over the traditional methods, where the Bragg wavelengths are changed directly by changing the grating period. In addition, the proposed method can maintain grating strength when tuning the wavelength since only the period of defects is changed. This will be a benefit for devices such as arrays.
基金This workwas supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 30070161) the Hundreds Talents Program of the ChineseAcademy of Sciences.
文摘The selenomethionyl derivative of the thermo-stable catechol 2,3-dioxygenase (SeMet-TC23O) is expressed, purified and crystallized. By using multiwave length anoma-lous dispersion (MAD) phasing techniques, the crystal structure of TC23O at 0.3 nm resolutions is determined. TC23O is a homotetramer. Each monomer is composed of N-terminal and C-terminal domains (residues 1-153 and 153-319, respectively). The two domains are proximately symmetric by a non-crystallographic axis. Each domain contains two characteristic motifs which are found in almost all of extradial dioxygenases.
