Negative air ions are natural components of the air we breathe Forests are the main continuous natural source of negative air ions （NAI）. The spatio-temporal patterns of negative air ions were explored in Shanghai, ...Negative air ions are natural components of the air we breathe Forests are the main continuous natural source of negative air ions （NAI）. The spatio-temporal patterns of negative air ions were explored in Shanghai, based on monthly monitoring in 15 parks from March 2009 to February 2010. In each park, sampling sites were selected in forests and open spaces. The annual variation in negative air ion concentrations （NAIC） showed peak values from June to October and minimum values from December to January. NAIC were highest in summer and autumn, intermediate in spring, and lowest in winter. During spring and summer, NAIC in open spaces were significantly higher in rural areas than those in suburban areas. However, there were no significant differences in NAIC at forest sites among seasons. For open spaces, total suspended particles （TSP） were the dominant determining factor of NAIC in sum- mer, and air temperature and air humidity were the dominant determining factors of NAIC in spring, which were tightly correlated with Shanghai＇s ongoing urbanization and its impacts on the environment. R is suggested that urbanization could induce variation in NAIC along the urban-rural gradient, but that may not change the temporal variation pattern. Fur- thermore, the effects of urbanization on NAIC were limited in non-vegetated or less-vegetated sites, such as open spaces, but not in well-vegetated areas, such as urban forests. Therefore, we suggest that urban greening, especially urban forest, has significant resistance to theeffect of urbanization on NAIC.展开更多
Negative air ions(NAIs)benefit the mental and physical health of humans,but rapid urbanization can decrease the abundance of NAIs.Quantifying the spatial and seasonal distribution of NAIs and determining the factors t...Negative air ions(NAIs)benefit the mental and physical health of humans,but rapid urbanization can decrease the abundance of NAIs.Quantifying the spatial and seasonal distribution of NAIs and determining the factors that infl uence the concentration during urbanization is thus essential.In the present study of a typical developing urban district in southern China,negative air ion concentrations(NAICs)in 60 forests sites and 30 urban green spaces were quantifi ed on seven consecutive days in each of the four seasons.Large seasonal variations in NAIC were revealed in forests and urban green spaces with trough values in summer.NAIC progressively decreased from forests to urban green spaces and was infl uenced by local land morphology,vegetation characteristics,and climatic factors.The vast,heavily vegetated northeastern region was the richest area for NAIs,whereas the narrow central region(urbanized area)was the poorest,implying dramatic impacts of urbanization on the spatial distribution of NAIs.The relationship between air temperature and NAIC was better fi tted with a quadratic equation than a linear equation.Moreover,the NAIC was more sensitive to local morphology in urban green spaces than in urban forests,indicating the vulnerability of NAIs in urbanized areas.Therefore,the appropriate design of local urban morphology is critical.展开更多
This review intends to cover a range of brief description of the generation mechanisms,the determination of the concentration,and the identification of negative air ions(NAI).This is divided into two parts:(i)it pays ...This review intends to cover a range of brief description of the generation mechanisms,the determination of the concentration,and the identification of negative air ions(NAI).This is divided into two parts:(i)it pays attention to the generation of NAI,which contains natural and artificial methods.According to the variation of energy in the environment,different methods based on natural generation are introduced in detail.As for artificial generation of NAI,corona discharge is dominantly elaborated due to its preponderance in convenient to control of the concentration of ions.(ii)it tends to introduce the determination of NAI,containing quantitative and qualitative detection,by using ion counting device and mass spectrometer,respectively.展开更多
[Objective] The study aimed to discuss the spatial changes of negative air ion concentration in Hefei City. [Method] Based on the observation of air ions, temperature, relative humidity, the spatial changes of negativ...[Objective] The study aimed to discuss the spatial changes of negative air ion concentration in Hefei City. [Method] Based on the observation of air ions, temperature, relative humidity, the spatial changes of negative air ion concentration in different districts of Hefei City were ana- lyzed firstly, then the correlation between negative air ion concentration and meteorological factors was discussed. [ Result] Air cleanliness index （CI） of the parks, residential areas, industrial regions, transport stations and prosperous commercial districts was 0.86, 0.53, 0.37, 0.26 and 0.17 respectively, and the latter two regions suffered mild and moderate pollution separately. Daily variations of negative air ion concentration in the residential areas and parks of Hefei City were obvious, showing U shape, that is, the maximum values appeared in the morning and evening, while the minimum values could be found around 14 ：（30. There was no distinctly regular variation of negative air ion concentration in the prosperous com- mercial districts, transport stations and industrial areas. In Hefei City, the concentration of negative air ions showed an increasing trend from the ur- ban districts to the suburban districts; it was obviously higher in the residential areas and parks with numerous plants and waters compared with the prosperous commercial districts and transport stations. Negative air ion concentration correlated with relative humidity positively and temperature negatively, so the main meteorological factors influencing the negative air ion concentration in Hefei City were temperature and relative humidity. [ Coedusloa] The research could provide scientific references for city planning and greenbelt construction in future.展开更多
In recent years, air ions, especially of negative air ion has received a universal attention for its health function. The density of negative air ion has become one of the important indexes that measure the air qualit...In recent years, air ions, especially of negative air ion has received a universal attention for its health function. The density of negative air ion has become one of the important indexes that measure the air quality grade. With the air ions counter made in Japan, the spatial distribution characteristics of negative air concentrations at specific time in Danqinghe Experimental Forest were measured and studied, Harbin City, and the air quality was assessed by using ion polarity ration (q) and air ion assessment index (CI). The results showed that at a given time, the average concentrations of negative air ions were different for different forest types, stand origins, tree species and different parts of Balan River. There was a clear difference in ion polarity ration and air ion assessment index, and the air quality in different environments were also quite different.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.40971041)
文摘Negative air ions are natural components of the air we breathe Forests are the main continuous natural source of negative air ions （NAI）. The spatio-temporal patterns of negative air ions were explored in Shanghai, based on monthly monitoring in 15 parks from March 2009 to February 2010. In each park, sampling sites were selected in forests and open spaces. The annual variation in negative air ion concentrations （NAIC） showed peak values from June to October and minimum values from December to January. NAIC were highest in summer and autumn, intermediate in spring, and lowest in winter. During spring and summer, NAIC in open spaces were significantly higher in rural areas than those in suburban areas. However, there were no significant differences in NAIC at forest sites among seasons. For open spaces, total suspended particles （TSP） were the dominant determining factor of NAIC in sum- mer, and air temperature and air humidity were the dominant determining factors of NAIC in spring, which were tightly correlated with Shanghai＇s ongoing urbanization and its impacts on the environment. R is suggested that urbanization could induce variation in NAIC along the urban-rural gradient, but that may not change the temporal variation pattern. Fur- thermore, the effects of urbanization on NAIC were limited in non-vegetated or less-vegetated sites, such as open spaces, but not in well-vegetated areas, such as urban forests. Therefore, we suggest that urban greening, especially urban forest, has significant resistance to theeffect of urbanization on NAIC.
基金The authors acknowledge the volunteers who helped with the fi eld investigations.
文摘Negative air ions(NAIs)benefit the mental and physical health of humans,but rapid urbanization can decrease the abundance of NAIs.Quantifying the spatial and seasonal distribution of NAIs and determining the factors that infl uence the concentration during urbanization is thus essential.In the present study of a typical developing urban district in southern China,negative air ion concentrations(NAICs)in 60 forests sites and 30 urban green spaces were quantifi ed on seven consecutive days in each of the four seasons.Large seasonal variations in NAIC were revealed in forests and urban green spaces with trough values in summer.NAIC progressively decreased from forests to urban green spaces and was infl uenced by local land morphology,vegetation characteristics,and climatic factors.The vast,heavily vegetated northeastern region was the richest area for NAIs,whereas the narrow central region(urbanized area)was the poorest,implying dramatic impacts of urbanization on the spatial distribution of NAIs.The relationship between air temperature and NAIC was better fi tted with a quadratic equation than a linear equation.Moreover,the NAIC was more sensitive to local morphology in urban green spaces than in urban forests,indicating the vulnerability of NAIs in urbanized areas.Therefore,the appropriate design of local urban morphology is critical.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21621003)CERS-China Equipment and Education Resources System(No.CERS-1-75).
文摘This review intends to cover a range of brief description of the generation mechanisms,the determination of the concentration,and the identification of negative air ions(NAI).This is divided into two parts:(i)it pays attention to the generation of NAI,which contains natural and artificial methods.According to the variation of energy in the environment,different methods based on natural generation are introduced in detail.As for artificial generation of NAI,corona discharge is dominantly elaborated due to its preponderance in convenient to control of the concentration of ions.(ii)it tends to introduce the determination of NAI,containing quantitative and qualitative detection,by using ion counting device and mass spectrometer,respectively.
基金Supported by Key Scientific and Technological Program of Anhui Province (10010302001)
文摘[Objective] The study aimed to discuss the spatial changes of negative air ion concentration in Hefei City. [Method] Based on the observation of air ions, temperature, relative humidity, the spatial changes of negative air ion concentration in different districts of Hefei City were ana- lyzed firstly, then the correlation between negative air ion concentration and meteorological factors was discussed. [ Result] Air cleanliness index （CI） of the parks, residential areas, industrial regions, transport stations and prosperous commercial districts was 0.86, 0.53, 0.37, 0.26 and 0.17 respectively, and the latter two regions suffered mild and moderate pollution separately. Daily variations of negative air ion concentration in the residential areas and parks of Hefei City were obvious, showing U shape, that is, the maximum values appeared in the morning and evening, while the minimum values could be found around 14 ：（30. There was no distinctly regular variation of negative air ion concentration in the prosperous com- mercial districts, transport stations and industrial areas. In Hefei City, the concentration of negative air ions showed an increasing trend from the ur- ban districts to the suburban districts; it was obviously higher in the residential areas and parks with numerous plants and waters compared with the prosperous commercial districts and transport stations. Negative air ion concentration correlated with relative humidity positively and temperature negatively, so the main meteorological factors influencing the negative air ion concentration in Hefei City were temperature and relative humidity. [ Coedusloa] The research could provide scientific references for city planning and greenbelt construction in future.
文摘In recent years, air ions, especially of negative air ion has received a universal attention for its health function. The density of negative air ion has become one of the important indexes that measure the air quality grade. With the air ions counter made in Japan, the spatial distribution characteristics of negative air concentrations at specific time in Danqinghe Experimental Forest were measured and studied, Harbin City, and the air quality was assessed by using ion polarity ration (q) and air ion assessment index (CI). The results showed that at a given time, the average concentrations of negative air ions were different for different forest types, stand origins, tree species and different parts of Balan River. There was a clear difference in ion polarity ration and air ion assessment index, and the air quality in different environments were also quite different.
