<p style="text-align:justify;margin-left:10pt;"> <span style="font-family:;" "=""><span>This study examined the validity of the differentiation-of-self hypothesis f...<p style="text-align:justify;margin-left:10pt;"> <span style="font-family:;" "=""><span>This study examined the validity of the differentiation-of-self hypothesis for Japanese university students, and its mechanism in relation to negative life event aversion. Although </span><span>the differentiation-of-self hypothesis is accepted as one of the basic hypothes</span><span>es in the clinical field of family therapy in Japan</span><span><span>, empirical studies on the subject are scarce. Further, there are few studies, internationally, on its mechanism. A questionnaire survey was conducted with university students (</span><i><span>n </span></i><span>= 250) to measure their differentiation of self, maladaptive states, and negative life event aversion. </span><span>Compared to the better-differentiated group, the less-differentiated group had higher scores both for maladaptive </span></span><span><span>states—somatic symptoms (</span><i><span>t</span></i><span>(223) = -</span></span></span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span><span>2.70, </span><i><span>p</span></i><span> = </span></span></span></span><span><span>0</span></span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span>.008), social dysfunction</span><span><span> (</span><i><span>t</span></i><span>(211.00) = -</span></span></span></span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span><span>3.30, </span><i><span>p</span></i><span> = </span></span></span></span><span><span>0</span></span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span>.001), and severe depression (</span><i><span>t</span></i><span>(208.78) = -</span></span></span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span><span>4.08, </span><i><span>p</span></i><span> <</span></span></span></span><span><span> 0</span></span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span>.001)—and negative life event aversion—interpersonal domain (</span><i><span>t</span></i><span>(223) = -</span></span></span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span><span>3.96, </span><i><span>p</span></i><span> <</span></span></span></span><span><span> 0</span></span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span>.001) and achievement domain (</span><i><span>t</span></i><span>(223) = -</span></span></span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span><span>3.83, </span><i><span>p</span></i><span> <</span></span></span></span><span><span> 0</span></span><span><span>.001). </span></span><span>The results supported the validity of the differentiation-of-self hypothesis for Japanese university students, and that cognitive tendencies toward negative life events may be part of the mechanism for less-differentiated individuals’ subsequent vulnerability. This suggests the effectiveness of cognitive interventions.</span> </p>展开更多
The adolescent years are a period of profound change,both physically and psychologically.For many,these years are marked by excitement and exploration,but for others,they are fraught with challenges that can lead to s...The adolescent years are a period of profound change,both physically and psychologically.For many,these years are marked by excitement and exploration,but for others,they are fraught with challenges that can lead to significant mental health issues.Depression,in particular,has become an increasingly prevalent concern among adolescents worldwide,and its multifaceted etiology requires a comprehensive approach to understanding and intervention.A recent study on the relationships among negative life events,dysfunctional attitudes,social support,and depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents offers valuable insights into the complex interplay between various factors contributing to adolescent depression.The authors explore a moderated mediation model to better understand how these factors interact with and contribute to the onset of depression.This article aims to delve into the key findings of the study,highlight its implications for clinical practice,and encourage further research in this critical area.展开更多
Adolescent depression is a growing global health concern,affecting 14%of adolescents and leading to severe consequences such as academic failure,substance abuse,and suicidal ideation.The study by Yu et al,investigates...Adolescent depression is a growing global health concern,affecting 14%of adolescents and leading to severe consequences such as academic failure,substance abuse,and suicidal ideation.The study by Yu et al,investigates the cognitive and social factors influencing depression in 795 Chinese adolescents.Findings reveal that negative life events(NLEs)and dysfunctional attitudes are strongly associated with depressive symptoms,while social support moderates the impact of NLEs but not dysfunctional attitudes.The study highlights the need for cognitivebehavioural interventions targeting perfectionism and autonomy,and the importance of strengthening social support systems in schools and communities.Culturally sensitive,holistic approaches to adolescent mental health are crucial for addressing both the internal vulnerabilities and external pressures contributing to depression.Further research is needed to explore the roles of peer and parental support and the long-term effects of these factors across diverse cultural contexts.展开更多
Objective To compare the characteristics of suicides in the four main demographic groups： urban males, urban females, rural males and rural females in order to help clarify the demographic pattern of suicides in Chin...Objective To compare the characteristics of suicides in the four main demographic groups： urban males, urban females, rural males and rural females in order to help clarify the demographic pattern of suicides in China. Methods A detailed psychological autopsy survey instrument was independently administered to 895 suicide victims in family members and close associates from 23 geographically representative locations from around the country. Results Pesticide ingestion accounted for 58% （519） of all suicides and 61% （3181519） of deaths were due to unsuccessful medical resuscitation. A substantial proportion （37%） of suicide victims did not have a mental illness. Among the 563 victims with mental illness, only 13% （76/563） received psychiatric treatment. Compared to other demographic groups, young rural females who died from suicide had the highest rate of pesticide ingestion （79%）, the lowest prevalence of mental illness （39%）, and the highest acute stress from precipitating life events just prior to the suicide. Contusion Many suicides in China are impulsive acts of deliberate self-harm following acute interpersonal crises. Prevention of suicides in China must focus on improving awareness of psychological problems, improving mental health services, providing alternative social support networks for managing acute interpersonal conflicts, limiting access to pesticides, and improving the resuscitation skills of primary care providers.展开更多
Background Most data about psychological factors relating to acute myocardial infarction （AMI） were obtained from studies carried out in western countries. Results from small descriptive cross-sectional studies in C...Background Most data about psychological factors relating to acute myocardial infarction （AMI） were obtained from studies carried out in western countries. Results from small descriptive cross-sectional studies in China were inconclusive. The aim of this study was to explore possible associations between psychological risk factors and AMI among the Chinese population with a large-scale case-control study.Methods This study was part of the INTER-HEART China study, itself part of the large international INTER-HEART study of cardiovascular risk factors. In this case-control study, 2909 cases and 2947 controls were recruited from 17 cities.Psychological stress, negative life events, depression and controllability of life circumstances were assessed.Results Cases reported more psychological stress at home or work and odds ratios （ORs） were 3.2 （95% CI 2.1-4.9）for permanent stress and 2.1 （95% CI 1.5-2.8） for several periods of stress respectively. More cases experienced depression compared with controls （19.6% vs. 9.3%） and ORs were 2.2 （95% CI 1.9-2.6）. Subjects with 1, 2 and 3 or more depressive symptoms had increased risk of AMI by 2.1, 2.2 and 2.6 fold, respectively, i.e., more depressive symptoms were associated with higher risks of AMI （P for trend ＜0.0001）. Women had a greater risk of AMI from depression （OR 3.0, 95% CI 2.2-4.0） compared to men （OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.6-2.4）, P for interaction =0.0364. Negative life events in subjects were associated with increased risk of AMI, OR 1.7 （95% CI 1.4-2.0） for one event and 1.8 （95% CI 1.3-2.4） for two or more events. High levels of controllability of life circumstances reduced the risk for AMI （OR 0.8, 95%CI 0.7-1 .0）.Conclusions Several psychological factors were closely associated with increased AMI risk among Chinese population.Psychological stress had a greater AMI risk in men but depression was more significant among women.展开更多
文摘<p style="text-align:justify;margin-left:10pt;"> <span style="font-family:;" "=""><span>This study examined the validity of the differentiation-of-self hypothesis for Japanese university students, and its mechanism in relation to negative life event aversion. Although </span><span>the differentiation-of-self hypothesis is accepted as one of the basic hypothes</span><span>es in the clinical field of family therapy in Japan</span><span><span>, empirical studies on the subject are scarce. Further, there are few studies, internationally, on its mechanism. A questionnaire survey was conducted with university students (</span><i><span>n </span></i><span>= 250) to measure their differentiation of self, maladaptive states, and negative life event aversion. </span><span>Compared to the better-differentiated group, the less-differentiated group had higher scores both for maladaptive </span></span><span><span>states—somatic symptoms (</span><i><span>t</span></i><span>(223) = -</span></span></span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span><span>2.70, </span><i><span>p</span></i><span> = </span></span></span></span><span><span>0</span></span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span>.008), social dysfunction</span><span><span> (</span><i><span>t</span></i><span>(211.00) = -</span></span></span></span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span><span>3.30, </span><i><span>p</span></i><span> = </span></span></span></span><span><span>0</span></span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span>.001), and severe depression (</span><i><span>t</span></i><span>(208.78) = -</span></span></span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span><span>4.08, </span><i><span>p</span></i><span> <</span></span></span></span><span><span> 0</span></span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span>.001)—and negative life event aversion—interpersonal domain (</span><i><span>t</span></i><span>(223) = -</span></span></span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span><span>3.96, </span><i><span>p</span></i><span> <</span></span></span></span><span><span> 0</span></span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span>.001) and achievement domain (</span><i><span>t</span></i><span>(223) = -</span></span></span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span><span>3.83, </span><i><span>p</span></i><span> <</span></span></span></span><span><span> 0</span></span><span><span>.001). </span></span><span>The results supported the validity of the differentiation-of-self hypothesis for Japanese university students, and that cognitive tendencies toward negative life events may be part of the mechanism for less-differentiated individuals’ subsequent vulnerability. This suggests the effectiveness of cognitive interventions.</span> </p>
文摘The adolescent years are a period of profound change,both physically and psychologically.For many,these years are marked by excitement and exploration,but for others,they are fraught with challenges that can lead to significant mental health issues.Depression,in particular,has become an increasingly prevalent concern among adolescents worldwide,and its multifaceted etiology requires a comprehensive approach to understanding and intervention.A recent study on the relationships among negative life events,dysfunctional attitudes,social support,and depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents offers valuable insights into the complex interplay between various factors contributing to adolescent depression.The authors explore a moderated mediation model to better understand how these factors interact with and contribute to the onset of depression.This article aims to delve into the key findings of the study,highlight its implications for clinical practice,and encourage further research in this critical area.
基金Supported by Basic Science Research Program Through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)Funded by the Ministry of Education,No.NRF-RS-2023-00237287 and No.NRF-2021S1A5A8062526Local Government-University Cooperation-Based Regional Innovation Projects,No.2021RIS-003.
文摘Adolescent depression is a growing global health concern,affecting 14%of adolescents and leading to severe consequences such as academic failure,substance abuse,and suicidal ideation.The study by Yu et al,investigates the cognitive and social factors influencing depression in 795 Chinese adolescents.Findings reveal that negative life events(NLEs)and dysfunctional attitudes are strongly associated with depressive symptoms,while social support moderates the impact of NLEs but not dysfunctional attitudes.The study highlights the need for cognitivebehavioural interventions targeting perfectionism and autonomy,and the importance of strengthening social support systems in schools and communities.Culturally sensitive,holistic approaches to adolescent mental health are crucial for addressing both the internal vulnerabilities and external pressures contributing to depression.Further research is needed to explore the roles of peer and parental support and the long-term effects of these factors across diverse cultural contexts.
基金This project was supported by grants from the Ford Foundation, the Save the Children Fund, and Befrienders International.
文摘Objective To compare the characteristics of suicides in the four main demographic groups： urban males, urban females, rural males and rural females in order to help clarify the demographic pattern of suicides in China. Methods A detailed psychological autopsy survey instrument was independently administered to 895 suicide victims in family members and close associates from 23 geographically representative locations from around the country. Results Pesticide ingestion accounted for 58% （519） of all suicides and 61% （3181519） of deaths were due to unsuccessful medical resuscitation. A substantial proportion （37%） of suicide victims did not have a mental illness. Among the 563 victims with mental illness, only 13% （76/563） received psychiatric treatment. Compared to other demographic groups, young rural females who died from suicide had the highest rate of pesticide ingestion （79%）, the lowest prevalence of mental illness （39%）, and the highest acute stress from precipitating life events just prior to the suicide. Contusion Many suicides in China are impulsive acts of deliberate self-harm following acute interpersonal crises. Prevention of suicides in China must focus on improving awareness of psychological problems, improving mental health services, providing alternative social support networks for managing acute interpersonal conflicts, limiting access to pesticides, and improving the resuscitation skills of primary care providers.
文摘Background Most data about psychological factors relating to acute myocardial infarction （AMI） were obtained from studies carried out in western countries. Results from small descriptive cross-sectional studies in China were inconclusive. The aim of this study was to explore possible associations between psychological risk factors and AMI among the Chinese population with a large-scale case-control study.Methods This study was part of the INTER-HEART China study, itself part of the large international INTER-HEART study of cardiovascular risk factors. In this case-control study, 2909 cases and 2947 controls were recruited from 17 cities.Psychological stress, negative life events, depression and controllability of life circumstances were assessed.Results Cases reported more psychological stress at home or work and odds ratios （ORs） were 3.2 （95% CI 2.1-4.9）for permanent stress and 2.1 （95% CI 1.5-2.8） for several periods of stress respectively. More cases experienced depression compared with controls （19.6% vs. 9.3%） and ORs were 2.2 （95% CI 1.9-2.6）. Subjects with 1, 2 and 3 or more depressive symptoms had increased risk of AMI by 2.1, 2.2 and 2.6 fold, respectively, i.e., more depressive symptoms were associated with higher risks of AMI （P for trend ＜0.0001）. Women had a greater risk of AMI from depression （OR 3.0, 95% CI 2.2-4.0） compared to men （OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.6-2.4）, P for interaction =0.0364. Negative life events in subjects were associated with increased risk of AMI, OR 1.7 （95% CI 1.4-2.0） for one event and 1.8 （95% CI 1.3-2.4） for two or more events. High levels of controllability of life circumstances reduced the risk for AMI （OR 0.8, 95%CI 0.7-1 .0）.Conclusions Several psychological factors were closely associated with increased AMI risk among Chinese population.Psychological stress had a greater AMI risk in men but depression was more significant among women.
