Objective This study aims to construct and validate a predictable deep learning model associated with clinical data and multi-sequence magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)for short-term postoperative facial nerve function ...Objective This study aims to construct and validate a predictable deep learning model associated with clinical data and multi-sequence magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)for short-term postoperative facial nerve function in patients with acoustic neuroma.Methods A total of 110 patients with acoustic neuroma who underwent surgery through the retrosigmoid sinus approach were included.Clinical data and raw features from four MRI sequences(T1-weighted,T2-weighted,T1-weighted contrast enhancement,and T2-weighted-Flair images)were analyzed.Spearman correlation analysis along with least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression were used to screen combined clinical and radiomic features.Nomogram,machine learning,and convolutional neural network(CNN)models were constructed to predict the prognosis of facial nerve function on the seventh day after surgery.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve and decision curve analysis(DCA)were used to evaluate model performance.A total of 1050 radiomic parameters were extracted,from which 13 radiomic and 3 clinical features were selected.Results The CNN model performed best among all prediction models in the test set with an area under the curve(AUC)of 0.89(95%CI,0.84–0.91).Conclusion CNN modeling that combines clinical and multi-sequence MRI radiomic features provides excellent performance for predicting short-term facial nerve function after surgery in patients with acoustic neuroma.As such,CNN modeling may serve as a potential decision-making tool for neurosurgery.展开更多
Skeletal tissue is highly innervated.Although different types of nerves have been recently identified in the bone,the crosstalk between bone and nerves remains unclear.In this review,we outline the role of the periphe...Skeletal tissue is highly innervated.Although different types of nerves have been recently identified in the bone,the crosstalk between bone and nerves remains unclear.In this review,we outline the role of the peripheral nervous system(PNS)in bone regeneration following injury.We first introduce the conserved role of nerves in tissue regeneration in species ranging from amphibians to mammals.We then present the distribution of the PNS in the skeletal system under physiological conditions,fractures,or regeneration.Furthermore,we summarize the ways in which the PNS communicates with bone-lineage cells,the vasculature,and immune cells in the bone microenvironment.Based on this comprehensive and timely review,we conclude that the PNS regulates bone regeneration through neuropeptides or neurotransmitters and cells in the peripheral nerves.An in-depth understanding of the roles of peripheral nerves in bone regeneration will inform the development of new strategies based on bone-nerve crosstalk in promoting bone repair and regeneration.展开更多
Targeted muscle reinnervation has been proposed for reconstruction of neuromuscular function in amputees.However,it is unknown whether performing delayed targeted muscle reinnervation after nerve injury will affect re...Targeted muscle reinnervation has been proposed for reconstruction of neuromuscular function in amputees.However,it is unknown whether performing delayed targeted muscle reinnervation after nerve injury will affect restoration of function.In this rat nerve injury study,the median and musculocutaneous nerves of the forelimb were transected.The proximal median nerve stump was sutured to the distal musculocutaneous nerve stump immediately and 2 and 4 weeks after surgery to reinnervate the biceps brachii.After targeted muscle reinnervation,intramuscular myoelectric signals from the biceps brachii were recorded.Signal amplitude gradually increased with time.Biceps brachii myoelectric signals and muscle fiber morphology and grooming behavior did not significantly differ among rats subjected to delayed target muscle innervation for different periods.Targeted muscle reinnervation delayed for 4 weeks can acquire the same nerve function restoration effect as that of immediate reinnervation.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Ultraviolet blood irradiation and oxygenation (UBIO) has obtained better clinical effect in treating acute cerebral infarction, but the mechanism underlying this effect remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To obser...BACKGROUND: Ultraviolet blood irradiation and oxygenation (UBIO) has obtained better clinical effect in treating acute cerebral infarction, but the mechanism underlying this effect remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of UBIO on the nerve function and activities of K+-Na+-ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activities on the red blood cell (RBC) membrane of patients with acute cerebral infarction. DESIGN: A randomized and controlled study. SETTING: Department of Neurology, Xiangfan Central Hospital. PARTICIPANTS: From January 2000 to December 2001, excluding those above 70 years old, 58 cases of 700 patients with acute cerebral infarction admitted in the Department of Neurology, Xiangfan Central Hospital, were recruited and divided into two groups according to the random number table: UBIO treated group (n=28), including 17 males and 11 females, aged 40-68 years; and control group (n=30), including 20 males and 10 females, aged 44-69 years. All the patients agreed to participate in the therapeutic program and detected items. The general informations were comparable without obvious differences between the two groups (P > 0.05). METHODS: ① The patients in both groups received routine treatments, besides, those in the UBIO treated group were given UBIO treatment by using the XL-200 type therapeutic apparatus produced in Shijiazhuang, whose ultraviolet wave was set at 253.7 nm with the energy density of 0.568 J/m2 per second, UBIO treatment started from the second day after admission, once every other day, with a single course consisting of 5-7 treatments. ② In the UBIO treated group, the venous blood was sampled before and after the first, third and the completion of the treatment course respectively, the venous blood was taken at each corresponding time point in the control group. After centrifugation of the blood at 10 000 rounds per minute, the RBC membrane was separated and then the activities of K+-Na+-ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase were detected by means of phosphorus determination. ③ The nerve function was scored before and after treatment in both groups with European stroke scale, which included 13 items, the total score was 0-100 points, the higher the score, the better the nerve function. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Score of European stroke scale before and after treatment in both groups. ② Comparison of the activities of K+-Na+-ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase on RBC membrane between the two groups before treatment and after the first, third and the completion of the treatment. RESULTS: All the 58 patients with cerebral infarction were involved in the analysis of results. ① The score of European stroke scale had no obvious difference between the two groups [(49.31±11.48), (50.58±12.63), P > 0.05], and it was obviously higher in the UBIO treated group than in the control group after treatment [84.66±13.75), (77.05±11.17), P < 0.05]. ② The activity of K+-Na+-ATPase on RBC membrane in the UBIO treated group was significantly increased after the first and third treatment as compared with before treatment [(31.56±19.25), (27.64±15.83), (17.67±13.83), P < 0.01], it was still higher after the completion of the treatment than before treatment without obvious difference [(20.86±14.53), P > 0.05]. After the first and third treatment, it was obviously higher in the UBIO treated group than in the control group [19.31±11.88), (17.44±10.42), P < 0.01]. ③ In the UBIO treated group, Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activity on RBC membrane significantly increased after the first treatment and remained higher than the pre-treatment level throughout the treatment [(27.49±14.72), (17.41±4.82), P < 0.01]. The activity of Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase on RBC membrane was markedly higher in the UBIO treated group than in the control group after after the first, third and the completion of treatment respectively [(24.83±12.88), (17.70±5.69); (28.08±13.44), (16.32±5.29); (17.42±6.04), P < 0.05-0.01]. CONCLUSION: The effect of UBIO treatment against acute cerebral infarction may be mediated by the increased K+-Na+ ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activities on RBC membrane, which enhances the RBC transformation ability so as to lower RBC aggregation and correct high blood viscosity.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Pain and sensory disability are greatly affected by subjective factors, there are no quantitative indexes to evaluate cervical spondylotic radiculopathy(CSR). The judgment on clinical body examination and ...BACKGROUND: Pain and sensory disability are greatly affected by subjective factors, there are no quantitative indexes to evaluate cervical spondylotic radiculopathy(CSR). The judgment on clinical body examination and chief complaint always causes nonobjective results with great individual differences. Quantitative sensory testing (QST) can be used to judge the nerve function of fibril. The application of QST for the quantitative evaluation of peripheral nervous system disease needs to be further studied. OBJECTIVE: The cold-thermal sensation and pain of patients with CSR are quantitatively analyzed by using QST technology in order to evaluate the nerve function of fibril in patients with CSR. DESIGN: Case-control observation. SETTING: Pain Center of Beijing Hospital of Ministry of Health. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty patients with CSR, including 8 males and 12 females, aged from 33 to 70 years, who received treatment between January and April 2005 in Pain Center of Beijing Hospital of Ministry of Health were involved in CSR group. All the involved patients presented symptoms in unilateral upper extremity (left side 10 patients, right side 10 patients). They did not undergo physical therapy or nerve block therapy in 1 week before examination. Eight non-CSR patients who received treatment in Pain Center concurrently were involved in the control group (2 patients with trigeminal neuralgia, 4 with osteoarthrosis of knee joint and 2 with lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion), and another 12 healthy volunteers were involved. Four non-CSR patients and 12 healthy volunteers, 8 male and 12 female, were aged from 23 to 75 years. The informed consents were obtained from all the involved subjects. METHODS: The volar thresholds of cold sensation, thermal sensation, cryalgesia of thenar eminence of both upper extremities of all the subjects were examined separately by limit method with type TSA-Ⅱ temperature sensation analysator made by Medco Company (Israel). The subjects were pre-examined to be familiar with the method for sensory discrimination and affirmation. Thenar eminence vola of bilateral upper extremities were detected. The infrared detector of a semiconductor was contacted with skin. The infrared detector could be used to heat and cool skin. A group of cold-heat water circulation device was given electric current to produce temperature gradient, which was higher or lower than skin temperature. The initial temperature of infrared detector was 32 ℃, stimulation temperature was increased or decreased progressively at 1 ℃/s, and temperature change range was 0 to 50 ℃. In the first step, subjects pressed down the button to stop the stimulation when the temperature of infrared detector was decreased progressively until the subjects felt, and the threshold of cold sensation was obtained; In the second step, the threshold of thermal sensation was obtained when the temperature of infrared detector was increased progressively until the subjects felt; In the third step, the threshold of cryalgesia was obtained when the temperature of infrared detector was decreased progressively until subjects felt; and in the fourth step, the threshold of thermalgesia was obtained when the temperature of infrared detector was increased progressively until subjects felt. Each step was conducted 4 times and the mean threshold was obtained. Before each measurement, the temperature was made to rebound to the initial temperature and kept for 10 s. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The thresholds of cold sensation, thermal sensation and cryalgesia, thermalgesia of thenar eminence vola of bilateral upper extremities of all the subjects. RESULTS: Twenty patients with CSR and 20 healthy subjects participated in the final results. ① In the CSR group, the threshold of cold sensation of affected side was lower than that of intact side [(29.00±1.26) ℃ vs.(30.00±1.06) ℃, P < 0.05], and the threshold of thermal sensation of affected side was higher than that of intact side [(35.04±0.87) ℃ vs. (34.14±0.99) ℃, P < 0.05]. There were no significant differences in the thresholds of cold and thermal sensation between affected side and intact side (P > 0.05). ②In the CSR group, the difference of threshold of cold sensation, thermal sensation, cryalgesia and thermalgesia between affected side and intact side was (-1.01±0.57), (0.89±0.39), (2.49±1.10) and (-1.62±0.86) ℃, respectively , the absolute value of which was higher than that of control group, respectively [(0.04±0.28),(0.05±0.26),(0.28±1.79),(0.17±1.10) ℃,P < 0.01]. In the CSR group, the threshold of cold sensation and thermalgesia of affected side was lower than that of intact side, respectively; and the threshold of thermal sensation and cryalgesia of affected side was higher than that of intact side, respectively. CONCLUSION: The superficial sensation of affected extremity of patients with CSR is lessened as compared with that of intact extremity. There are dysfunctions of small myelinated fiber (Aδ fiber) and demyelinated fiber (C fiber) in the affected-side extremity. QST, as a mean for quantitatively evaluating the function of Aδ fiber and C fiber, plays an objective evaluative role in the diagnosis and therapeutic effect observation of CSR.展开更多
Axon regeneration and remyelination of the damaged region is the most common repair strategy for spinal cord injury.However,achieving good outcome remains difficult.Our previous study showed that porcine decellularize...Axon regeneration and remyelination of the damaged region is the most common repair strategy for spinal cord injury.However,achieving good outcome remains difficult.Our previous study showed that porcine decellularized optic nerve better mimics the extracellular matrix of the embryonic porcine optic nerve and promotes the directional growth of dorsal root ganglion neurites.However,it has not been reported whether this material promotes axonal regeneration in vivo.In the present study,a porcine decellularized optic nerve was seeded with neurotrophin-3-overexpressing Schwann cells.This functional scaffold promoted the directional growth and remyelination of regenerating axons.In vitro,the porcine decellularized optic nerve contained many straight,longitudinal channels with a uniform distribution,and microscopic pores were present in the channel wall.The spatial micro topological structure and extracellular matrix were conducive to the adhesion,survival and migration of neural stem cells.The scaffold promoted the directional growth of dorsal root ganglion neurites,and showed strong potential for myelin regeneration.Furthermore,we transplanted the porcine decellularized optic nerve containing neurotrophin-3-overexpressing Schwann cells in a rat model of T10 spinal cord defect in vivo.Four weeks later,the regenerating axons grew straight,the myelin sheath in the injured/transplanted area recovered its structure,and simultaneously,the number of inflammatory cells and the expression of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans were reduced.Together,these findings suggest that porcine decellularized optic nerve loaded with Schwann cells overexpressing neurotrophin-3 promotes the directional growth of regenerating spinal cord axons as well as myelin regeneration.All procedures involving animals were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Sun Yat-sen University(approval No.SYSU-IACUC-2019-B034)on February 28,2019.展开更多
AIM: To detect whether the combination of vincamine, thioctic acid and lutein will improve the retina and optic nerve functions in cases of an opaque media with an optic nerve and/or a retinal defect or not.METHODS: T...AIM: To detect whether the combination of vincamine, thioctic acid and lutein will improve the retina and optic nerve functions in cases of an opaque media with an optic nerve and/or a retinal defect or not.METHODS: Totally 2000 patients(2000 eyes) of corneal opacities with defects in the optic nerve or/and the retinal functions were studied. Every patient received three types of drugs: thioctic acid with cyanocobalamine, vincamine, and lutein. The drugs were given daily for 3-12 mo according to patient’s responses. Full field flash electroretinogram(ERG) and flash visual evoked potential(VEP) were done before treatment and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 mo sequentially. Patients were followed up for 12 mo.RESULTS: In the 2000 eyes, 1000 eyes had both moderate optic nerve and retinal function defects;and 840 eyes out of the 1000 improved with the medical treatment. Another 500 eyes out of the 2000 eyes had extinguished retinal function with normal optic nerve function and only 125 eyes of them improved. The 290 out of the 2000 eyes had severe defects in optic nerve with normal retinal function and 130 of them improved. Another 210 eyes have mild optic nerve and retinal function defects and 194 improved.CONCLUSION: The combination of vincamine, thioctic acid with cyanocobalamine, and lutein improved both retina and optic nerve functions mainly in mild and moderate defect than in severe cases.展开更多
Peripheral nerve injuries with a poor prognosis are common.Evening primrose oil(EPO) has beneficial biological effects and immunomodulatory properties.Since electrical activity plays a major role in neural regeneratio...Peripheral nerve injuries with a poor prognosis are common.Evening primrose oil(EPO) has beneficial biological effects and immunomodulatory properties.Since electrical activity plays a major role in neural regeneration,the present study investigated the effects of electrical stimulation(ES),combined with evening primrose oil(EPO),on sciatic nerve function after a crush injury in rats.In anesthetized rats,the sciatic nerve was crushed using small haemostatic forceps followed by ES and/or EPO treatment for 4 weeks.Functional recovery of the sciatic nerve was assessed using the sciatic functional index.Histopathological changes of gastrocnemius muscle atrophy were investigated by light microscopy.Electrophysiological changes were assessed by the nerve conduction velocity of sciatic nerves.Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the remyelination of the sciatic nerve following the interventions.EPO + ES,EPO,and ES obviously improved sciatic nerve function assessed by the sciatic functional index and nerve conduction velocity of the sciatic nerve at 28 days after operation.Expression of the peripheral nerve remyelination marker,protein zero(P0),was increased in the treatment groups at 28 days after operation.Muscle atrophy severity was decreased significantly while the nerve conduction velocity was increased significantly in rats with sciatic nerve injury in the injury + EPO + ES group than in the EPO or ES group.Totally speaking,the combined use of EPO and ES may produce an improving effect on the function of sciatic nerves injured by a crush.The increased expression of P0 may have contributed to improving the functional effects of combination therapy with EPO and ES as well as the electrophysiological and histopathological features of the injured peripheral nerve.展开更多
Fatigue is a common sense caused by crushing labor, stressful social events and various illnesses. It is usually judged by their subjective symptoms, but it should be evaluated in an objective perspective. Here we sho...Fatigue is a common sense caused by crushing labor, stressful social events and various illnesses. It is usually judged by their subjective symptoms, but it should be evaluated in an objective perspective. Here we show that the decrease of working efficiency and sympathetic hyperactivity are associated with mental fatigue state caused by prolonged mental workload. Recently we made a new mental fatigue model of healthy volunteers caused by long-term computerized Kraepelin test (CKT) workload. CKT is our new software for automatically checking the calculation capability, with which it is easy to determine the reaction time (RT), coefficient of variance of reaction time (CV), and accuracy of the answers (AC) during tasks. We put 24 healthy volunteers into the fatigue state by subjecting them to 120 minutes’ CKT workload, and then studied the changes in fatigue sensation, RT, CV, and AC before and after the CKT workload. The fatigue sensation, RT, and CV were clearly increased by the fatigue-inducing task and recovered during the resting period. We also studied the changes in autonomic nerve activity by using heart rate variability analysis. The low/high frequency component ratio (LF/HF) was signifi-cantly increased by the fatigue-inducing task and decreased by resting, suggesting that mental stress causes a relatively sympathetic nerve activity-dominant state. Therefore, our new fatigue model involving a long-term CKT workload is a good mental fatigue model to provide much information about the fatigue state simultane-ously, and the increase of RT, CV, and proportion of sympathetic activity (LF/HF) are associated with mental fatigue state. These might be useful objective biomarkers or evaluating a mental fatigue state.展开更多
Local sympathetic denervation by surgical sympathectomy is used in the treatment of lower limb ulcers and ischemia,but the restoration of cutaneous sympathetic nerve functions is less clear.This study aims to explore ...Local sympathetic denervation by surgical sympathectomy is used in the treatment of lower limb ulcers and ischemia,but the restoration of cutaneous sympathetic nerve functions is less clear.This study aims to explore the recovery of cutaneous sympathetic functions after bilateral L2–4 sympathectomy.The skin temperature of the left feet,using a point monitoring thermometer,increased intraoperatively after sympathectomy.The cytoplasm of sympathetic neurons contained tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamineβ-hydroxylase,visualized by immunofluorescence,indicated the accuracy of sympathectomy.Iodine starch test results suggested that the sweating function of the hind feet plantar skin decreased 2 and 7 weeks after lumbar sympathectomy but had recovered by 3 months.Immunofluorescence and western blot assay results revealed that norepinephrine and dopamineβ-hydroxylase expression in the skin from the sacrococcygeal region and hind feet decreased in the sympathectomized group at 2 weeks.Transmission electron microscopy results showed that perinuclear space and axon demyelination in sympathetic cells in the L_5 sympathetic trunks were found in the sympathectomized group 3 months after sympathectomy.Although sympathetic denervation occurred in the sacrococcygeal region and hind feet skin 2 weeks after lumbar sympathectomy,the skin functions recovered gradually over 7 weeks to 3 months.In conclusion,sympathetic functional recovery may account for the recurrence of hyperhidrosis after sympathectomy and the normalization of sympathetic nerve trunks after incomplete injury.The recovery of sympathetic nerve function was slower in the limbs than in the torso after bilateral L_(2–4) sympathectomy.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effects of gastrodin on neurotransmitter effect, stress response, blood vessel and nerve function in migraine patients.Methods:A total of90 patients with migraine admitted to our hospital ...Objective:To investigate the effects of gastrodin on neurotransmitter effect, stress response, blood vessel and nerve function in migraine patients.Methods:A total of90 patients with migraine admitted to our hospital from September 2016 to December 2017 were randomly divided into observation group and control group with 45 cases in each group. The control group was treated with flunarizine hydrochloride, while the observation group was treated with gastrodin based on the control group. The levels of neurotransmitter effect[including 5-serotonin (5-HT) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)], stress response[oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and paraoxonase-1 (PON-1)], vascular function[including nitric oxide (NO), endothelin-1 (ET-1)] and neurological function[including high brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)] related indexes were observed and compared between the two groups.Results: The two groups showed significant changes in transmitter effect, stress response, blood vessel and nerve function. Before treatment, there was no significant difference in the levels between the two groups. After treatment, the levels of TNF-a, ox-LDL, NO, ET-1, BDNF and CGRP in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment, while the levels of 5-HT and PON-1 were significantly higher than those before treatment. And after treatment, the levels of TNF-a, ox-LDL, NO, ET-1, BDNF and CGRP in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, while the levels of 5-HT and PON-1 were significantly higher than those in the control group.Conclusions:Gastrodin treatment can regulate oxidative stress level and improve vascular and neurological function in migraine patients.展开更多
Frankincense can promote blood circulation.Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid(AKBA)is a small molecule with anti-inflammatory properties that is derived from Boswellia serrata.Here,we hypothesized that it may promote re...Frankincense can promote blood circulation.Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid(AKBA)is a small molecule with anti-inflammatory properties that is derived from Boswellia serrata.Here,we hypothesized that it may promote regeneration of injured sciatic nerve.To addressy 2doses3,and 6g byforthdayernfuthis hypothesis,we established a rat model of sciatic nerve injury using a nerve clamping method.Rats were administered AKBA once was evaluated using the sciatic functional index.Degree of muscle atrophy was measured using the triceps surae muscle Cuadros index.Neuropathological changes were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining.Western blot analysis was used to detect expression of phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2(p-ERK1/2)in injured nerve.S100 immunoreactivity in injured nerve was detected by immunohistochemistry.In vivo experiments showed that 3 and 6 mg/kg AKBA significantly increased sciatic nerve index,Cuadros index of triceps muscle,p-ERK1/2 expression,and S100 immunoreactivity in injured sciatic nerve of sciatic nerve injury model rats.Furthermore,for in vitro experiments,Schwann cells were treated with AKBA at 0–20μg/m L.Proliferation of Schwann cells was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 colorimetry assay.The results showed that 2μg/m L AKBA is the optimal therapeutic concentration.In addition,ERK phosphorylation levels increased following 2μg/m L AKBA treatment.In the presence of the ERK1/2 inhibitor,PD98059(2.5μL/m L),the AKBA-induced increase in p-ERK1/2 protein expression was partially abrogated.In conclusion,our study shows that AKBA promotes peripheral nerve regeneration with ERK protein phosphorylation playing a key role in this process.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the effects of butyphthalide combined with routine anticoagulant and antioxidant therapy on the nerve function, angiogenesis and free radical generation in patients with acute cerebral infarc...Objective: To investigate the effects of butyphthalide combined with routine anticoagulant and antioxidant therapy on the nerve function, angiogenesis and free radical generation in patients with acute cerebral infarction. Methods: A total of 142 patients with acute cerebral infarction who were treated in this hospital between August 2014 and January 2017 were collected as research subjects and divided into control group (n=71) and butyphthalide group (n=71) by random number table method. Control group received routine anticoagulant and antioxidant therapy, and butyphthalide group received butyphthalide combined with routine anticoagulant and antioxidant therapy. The differences in serum nerve function indexes, angiogenesis indexes and free radical generation-related indexes were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Results: Before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in serum levels of nerve function indexes, angiogenesis indexes and free radical generation-related indexes between the two groups of patients. After treatment, serum nerve function index IGF-1 level of butyphthalide group was higher than that of control group whereas copeptin, PAO and H-FABP contents were lower than those of control group;serum angiogenesis indexes VEGF, MMP-2 and MMP-9 contents were higher than those of control group;serum contents of free radical generation-related indexes ROS and MDA were lower than those of control group. Conclusions: Butyphthalide combined with routine anticoagulant and antioxidant therapy can effectively optimize the nerve function, promote the cerebral angiogenesis and inhibit the free radical generation in patients with acute cerebral infarction.展开更多
Objective:To study the effect of edaravone combined with cattle encephalon glycoside and ignotin injection adjuvant therapy on nerve function impairment in patients with severe craniocerebral injury.Methods: A total o...Objective:To study the effect of edaravone combined with cattle encephalon glycoside and ignotin injection adjuvant therapy on nerve function impairment in patients with severe craniocerebral injury.Methods: A total of 68 patients with severe craniocerebral injury who were treated in our hospital between January 2013 and May 2016 were collected and divided into control group and observation group according to the random number table, 34 cases in each group. Control group of patients received conventional + cattle encephalon glycoside and ignotin injection therapy, and observation group of patients received conventional +cattle encephalon glycoside and ignotin injection + edaravone therapy. The differences in serum levels of nerve injury indexes, oxidative stress indexes and inflammatory mediators were compared between the two groups of patients before and after treatment.Results: Before treatment, the differences in serum levels of nerve injury indexes, oxidative stress indexes and inflammatory mediators were not statistically significant between two groups of patients. After treatment, serum nerve injury index BNP level in observation group was higher than that in control group while S-100B, GFAP and NSE levels were lower than those in control group;serum oxidative stress indicators MDA and MPO levels were lower than those in control group while SOD and GSH-Px levels were higher than those in control group;serum inflammatory mediators IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α levels were lower than those in control group.Conclusion:Edaravone combined with cattle encephalon glycoside and ignotin injection adjuvant therapy can effectively reduce the nerve function impairment in patients with severe craniocerebral injury, and the specific mechanisms are related to its effect on reducing the oxidative stress and inflammation.展开更多
Objective: To explore the effect of adjuvant Naoxintong capsule therapy on nerve function and inflammatory stress response in patients in convalescence of cerebral infarction. Methods:91 patients with cerebral infarct...Objective: To explore the effect of adjuvant Naoxintong capsule therapy on nerve function and inflammatory stress response in patients in convalescence of cerebral infarction. Methods:91 patients with cerebral infarction who were treated in our hospital between September 2015 and October 2017 were selected as the research subjects, and the medication during convalescence was reviewed and used to divide all patients into the control group (n=50) who received conventional western medicine treatment and the Naoxintong capsule group (n=41) who received western medicine combined with Naoxintong capsule treatment. The differences in serum levels of nerve function indexes, inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress indexes were compared between the two groups before convalescence medication (T1) and after 1 month of convalescence treatment (T2). Results: At T1, serum levels of nerve function indexes, inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress indexes were not significantly different between the two groups. At T2, serum nerve function indexes Copeptin and α-HBDH levels of Naoxintong capsule group were lower than those of control group whereas BDNF and IGF-1 levels were higher than those of control group;serum inflammatory mediators hs-CRP, YKL-40, IL-6 and IL-18 levels were lower than those of control group;serum oxidative stress index SOD level was higher than that of control group whereas 8-OHdG and MDA levels were lower than those of control group. Conclusion: Adjuvant Naoxintong capsule therapy can be further optimize the nerve function and relieve the inflammatory stress response in patients in convalescence of cerebral infarction.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the effects of early statins combined with intravenous thrombolysis on nerve function and cytokine secretion in patients with acute cerebral infarction. Methods:A total of 210 patients with a...Objective: To investigate the effects of early statins combined with intravenous thrombolysis on nerve function and cytokine secretion in patients with acute cerebral infarction. Methods:A total of 210 patients with acute cerebral infarction who were treated in the hospital between September 2015 and March 2017 were divided into control group (n=105) and statin group (n=105) by random number table. Control group received intravenous thrombolysis therapy, and statin group received early statins combined with intravenous thrombolysis therapy. The differences in serum levels of nerve function indicators, adipocytokines and oxidative stress indexes were compared between the two groups immediately after admission and after treatment. Results: Before treatment, the differences in serum levels of nerve function indexes, adipocytokines and oxidative stress indexes were not statistically significant between the two groups. After treatment, serum nerve function index S100B level of statin group was lower than that of control group whereas BDNF level was higher than that of control group;serum adipocytokine APN level was higher than that of control group while Resistin and Visfatin levels were lower than those of control group;serum oxidative stress indexes AOPPs and LHP levels were lower than those of control group whereas SOD and T-AOC levels were higher than those of control group. Conclusion: Early statins combined with intravenous thrombolysis can effectively improve the nerve function of patients with acute cerebral infarction, coordinate the secretion of a variety of cytokines and inhibit the activation of oxidative stress response.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the influence of Xiaoshuan enteric-coated capsules + aniracetam therapy on cerebral blood perfusion and nerve function in patients with convalescent cerebral infarction. Methods: A total of 1...Objective: To investigate the influence of Xiaoshuan enteric-coated capsules + aniracetam therapy on cerebral blood perfusion and nerve function in patients with convalescent cerebral infarction. Methods: A total of 177 cases of patients with convalescent cerebral infarction were retrospectively reviewed and then divided into the control group (n=109) and the Xiaoshuan enteric-coated capsules group (n=68). Control group received aniracetam therapy on the basis of routine treatment, and Xiaoshuan enteric-coated capsules group received Xiaoshuan enteric-coated capsules + aniracetam therapy on the basis of routine treatment. The differences in ultrasound cerebral blood perfusion parameter levels as well as serum neurotrophy index and nerve injury index contents were compared between the two groups. Results: Before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in ultrasound cerebral blood perfusion parameter levels as well as serum neurotrophy index and nerve injury index contents between the two groups. After treatment, ultrasound cerebral blood perfusion parameters PSV and TMV levels in Xiaoshuan enteric-coated capsules group were higher than those in control group whereas RI level was lower than that in control group;serum neurotrophy indexes bFGF, BDNF and VEGF contents were higher than those of control group;serum nerve injury indexes GFAP, NSE, UCH-L1 and S100B contents were lower than those of control group. Conclusion: Xiaoshuan enteric-coated capsules + aniracetam therapy can significantly increase cerebral blood perfusion and optimize nerve function in patients with convalescent cerebral infarction.展开更多
Objective: To study the effect of early enteral nutrition intervention on nerve function, systemic oxidative stress and inflammatory response in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage. Methods: A total of 98 p...Objective: To study the effect of early enteral nutrition intervention on nerve function, systemic oxidative stress and inflammatory response in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage. Methods: A total of 98 patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage who received hospitalization in the hospital between April 2015 and February 2017 were collected and divided into control group and observation group by random number table method, 49 cases in each group. Control group received routine enteral nutrition intervention and observation group received early enteral nutrition intervention. The differences in serum levels of nerve function-related indexes, oxidative stress indexes and inflammatory mediators were compared between the two groups of patients before and after intervention. Results: Before intervention, the differences in serum levels of nerve function-related indexes, oxidative stress indexes and inflammatory mediators were not statistically significant between the two groups of patients. After 1 week of intervention, serum S100B, NSE, GFAP, MBP, LPO, MDA, PCT, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels of both groups of patients were lower than those before intervention while GSH-PX levels were higher than those before intervention, and serum S100B, NSE, GFAP, MBP, LPO, MDA, PCT, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels of observation group were lower than those of control group while GSH-PX level was higher than that of control group. Conclusion:Early enteral nutrition intervention can effectively optimize the nerve function and suppress the systemic oxidative stress and inflammatory response in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage.展开更多
Objective: To study the effects of mild hypothermia irrigation fluid on nerve function and oxidative stress during intracranial hematoma irrigation. Methods: The patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage who rece...Objective: To study the effects of mild hypothermia irrigation fluid on nerve function and oxidative stress during intracranial hematoma irrigation. Methods: The patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage who received hematoma aspiration in our hospital between August 2014 and November 2017 were chosen and randomly divided into the observation group who received mild hypothermia irrigation fluid and the control group who received room temperature irrigation fluid. Before treatment and 72 h after treatment, the contents of nerve injury markers, cytokines and oxidative stress mediators were measured after peripheral blood extraction and serum separation. Results: Compared with those of control group, serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE), visinin-like protein-1 (VILIP-1), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neuropeptide Y (NPY), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-10 (IL-10), malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-OHdG and nitric oxide (NO) contents of observation group were significantly lower whereas serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) contents were significantly higher after treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion: The application of mild hypothermia irrigation fluid during intracranial hematoma irrigation can alleviate the nerve function injury, improve the neurotrophic status and inhibit the oxidative stress response.展开更多
BACKGROUND Peripheral nerve injury can result in significant clinical complications that have uncertain prognoses.Currently,there is a lack of effective pharmacological interventions for nerve damage,despite the exist...BACKGROUND Peripheral nerve injury can result in significant clinical complications that have uncertain prognoses.Currently,there is a lack of effective pharmacological interventions for nerve damage,despite the existence of several small compounds,Despite the objective of achieving full functional restoration by surgical intervention,the persistent challenge of inadequate functional recovery remains a significant concern in the context of peripheral nerve injuries.AIM To examine the impact of exosomes on the process of functional recovery following a complete radial nerve damage.METHODS A male individual,aged 24,who is right-hand dominant and an immigrant,arrived with an injury caused by a knife assault.The cut is located on the left arm,specifically below the elbow.The neurological examination and electrodiagnostic testing reveal evidence of left radial nerve damage.The sural autograft was utilized for repair,followed by the application of 1 mL of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome,comprising 5 billion microvesicles.This exosome was split into four equal volumes of 0.25 mL each and delivered microsurgically to both the proximal and distal stumps using the subepineural pathway.The patient was subjected to a period of 180 d during which they had neurological examination and electrodiagnostic testing.RESULTS The duration of the patient’s follow-up period was 180 d.An increasing Tinel’s sign and sensory-motor recovery were detected even at the 10th wk following nerve grafting.Upon the conclusion of the 6-mo post-treatment period,an evaluation was conducted to measure the extent of improvement in motor and sensory functions of the nerve.This assessment was based on the British Medical Research Council scale and the Mackinnon-Dellon scale.The results indicated that the level of improvement in motor function was classified as M5,denoting an excellent outcome.Additionally,the level of improvement in sensory function was classified as S3+,indicating a good outcome.It is noteworthy that these assessments were conducted in the absence of physical therapy.At the 10th wk post-injury,despite the persistence of substantial axonal damage,the nerve exhibited indications of nerve re-innervation as evidenced by control electromyography(EMG).In contrast to the preceding.EMG analysis revealed a significant electrophysiological enhancement in the EMG conducted at the 6th-mo follow-up,indicating ongoing regeneration.CONCLUSION Enhanced comprehension of the neurobiological ramifications associated with peripheral nerve damage,as well as the experimental and therapy approaches delineated in this investigation,holds the potential to catalyze future clinical progress.展开更多
文摘Objective This study aims to construct and validate a predictable deep learning model associated with clinical data and multi-sequence magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)for short-term postoperative facial nerve function in patients with acoustic neuroma.Methods A total of 110 patients with acoustic neuroma who underwent surgery through the retrosigmoid sinus approach were included.Clinical data and raw features from four MRI sequences(T1-weighted,T2-weighted,T1-weighted contrast enhancement,and T2-weighted-Flair images)were analyzed.Spearman correlation analysis along with least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression were used to screen combined clinical and radiomic features.Nomogram,machine learning,and convolutional neural network(CNN)models were constructed to predict the prognosis of facial nerve function on the seventh day after surgery.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve and decision curve analysis(DCA)were used to evaluate model performance.A total of 1050 radiomic parameters were extracted,from which 13 radiomic and 3 clinical features were selected.Results The CNN model performed best among all prediction models in the test set with an area under the curve(AUC)of 0.89(95%CI,0.84–0.91).Conclusion CNN modeling that combines clinical and multi-sequence MRI radiomic features provides excellent performance for predicting short-term facial nerve function after surgery in patients with acoustic neuroma.As such,CNN modeling may serve as a potential decision-making tool for neurosurgery.
基金National Science Foundation of China(No.82002313,No.82072444)National Key Research&Development Program of China(2021YFA1101503,2018YFC2001502 and 2018YFB1105705)+2 种基金Department of Science and Technology of Hubei Province(No.2020BCB004)University Grants Committee,Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,China(14121721,14108720,C7030-18G,T13-402/17-N and Ao E/M-402/20)Wuhan Union Hospital“Pharmaceutical Technology nursing”special fund(No.2019xhyn021)。
文摘Skeletal tissue is highly innervated.Although different types of nerves have been recently identified in the bone,the crosstalk between bone and nerves remains unclear.In this review,we outline the role of the peripheral nervous system(PNS)in bone regeneration following injury.We first introduce the conserved role of nerves in tissue regeneration in species ranging from amphibians to mammals.We then present the distribution of the PNS in the skeletal system under physiological conditions,fractures,or regeneration.Furthermore,we summarize the ways in which the PNS communicates with bone-lineage cells,the vasculature,and immune cells in the bone microenvironment.Based on this comprehensive and timely review,we conclude that the PNS regulates bone regeneration through neuropeptides or neurotransmitters and cells in the peripheral nerves.An in-depth understanding of the roles of peripheral nerves in bone regeneration will inform the development of new strategies based on bone-nerve crosstalk in promoting bone repair and regeneration.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.U1913601,81927804the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province,No.2020B0909020004(GL)the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.81960419,82260456(both to LY)。
文摘Targeted muscle reinnervation has been proposed for reconstruction of neuromuscular function in amputees.However,it is unknown whether performing delayed targeted muscle reinnervation after nerve injury will affect restoration of function.In this rat nerve injury study,the median and musculocutaneous nerves of the forelimb were transected.The proximal median nerve stump was sutured to the distal musculocutaneous nerve stump immediately and 2 and 4 weeks after surgery to reinnervate the biceps brachii.After targeted muscle reinnervation,intramuscular myoelectric signals from the biceps brachii were recorded.Signal amplitude gradually increased with time.Biceps brachii myoelectric signals and muscle fiber morphology and grooming behavior did not significantly differ among rats subjected to delayed target muscle innervation for different periods.Targeted muscle reinnervation delayed for 4 weeks can acquire the same nerve function restoration effect as that of immediate reinnervation.
文摘BACKGROUND: Ultraviolet blood irradiation and oxygenation (UBIO) has obtained better clinical effect in treating acute cerebral infarction, but the mechanism underlying this effect remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of UBIO on the nerve function and activities of K+-Na+-ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activities on the red blood cell (RBC) membrane of patients with acute cerebral infarction. DESIGN: A randomized and controlled study. SETTING: Department of Neurology, Xiangfan Central Hospital. PARTICIPANTS: From January 2000 to December 2001, excluding those above 70 years old, 58 cases of 700 patients with acute cerebral infarction admitted in the Department of Neurology, Xiangfan Central Hospital, were recruited and divided into two groups according to the random number table: UBIO treated group (n=28), including 17 males and 11 females, aged 40-68 years; and control group (n=30), including 20 males and 10 females, aged 44-69 years. All the patients agreed to participate in the therapeutic program and detected items. The general informations were comparable without obvious differences between the two groups (P > 0.05). METHODS: ① The patients in both groups received routine treatments, besides, those in the UBIO treated group were given UBIO treatment by using the XL-200 type therapeutic apparatus produced in Shijiazhuang, whose ultraviolet wave was set at 253.7 nm with the energy density of 0.568 J/m2 per second, UBIO treatment started from the second day after admission, once every other day, with a single course consisting of 5-7 treatments. ② In the UBIO treated group, the venous blood was sampled before and after the first, third and the completion of the treatment course respectively, the venous blood was taken at each corresponding time point in the control group. After centrifugation of the blood at 10 000 rounds per minute, the RBC membrane was separated and then the activities of K+-Na+-ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase were detected by means of phosphorus determination. ③ The nerve function was scored before and after treatment in both groups with European stroke scale, which included 13 items, the total score was 0-100 points, the higher the score, the better the nerve function. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Score of European stroke scale before and after treatment in both groups. ② Comparison of the activities of K+-Na+-ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase on RBC membrane between the two groups before treatment and after the first, third and the completion of the treatment. RESULTS: All the 58 patients with cerebral infarction were involved in the analysis of results. ① The score of European stroke scale had no obvious difference between the two groups [(49.31±11.48), (50.58±12.63), P > 0.05], and it was obviously higher in the UBIO treated group than in the control group after treatment [84.66±13.75), (77.05±11.17), P < 0.05]. ② The activity of K+-Na+-ATPase on RBC membrane in the UBIO treated group was significantly increased after the first and third treatment as compared with before treatment [(31.56±19.25), (27.64±15.83), (17.67±13.83), P < 0.01], it was still higher after the completion of the treatment than before treatment without obvious difference [(20.86±14.53), P > 0.05]. After the first and third treatment, it was obviously higher in the UBIO treated group than in the control group [19.31±11.88), (17.44±10.42), P < 0.01]. ③ In the UBIO treated group, Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activity on RBC membrane significantly increased after the first treatment and remained higher than the pre-treatment level throughout the treatment [(27.49±14.72), (17.41±4.82), P < 0.01]. The activity of Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase on RBC membrane was markedly higher in the UBIO treated group than in the control group after after the first, third and the completion of treatment respectively [(24.83±12.88), (17.70±5.69); (28.08±13.44), (16.32±5.29); (17.42±6.04), P < 0.05-0.01]. CONCLUSION: The effect of UBIO treatment against acute cerebral infarction may be mediated by the increased K+-Na+ ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activities on RBC membrane, which enhances the RBC transformation ability so as to lower RBC aggregation and correct high blood viscosity.
文摘BACKGROUND: Pain and sensory disability are greatly affected by subjective factors, there are no quantitative indexes to evaluate cervical spondylotic radiculopathy(CSR). The judgment on clinical body examination and chief complaint always causes nonobjective results with great individual differences. Quantitative sensory testing (QST) can be used to judge the nerve function of fibril. The application of QST for the quantitative evaluation of peripheral nervous system disease needs to be further studied. OBJECTIVE: The cold-thermal sensation and pain of patients with CSR are quantitatively analyzed by using QST technology in order to evaluate the nerve function of fibril in patients with CSR. DESIGN: Case-control observation. SETTING: Pain Center of Beijing Hospital of Ministry of Health. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty patients with CSR, including 8 males and 12 females, aged from 33 to 70 years, who received treatment between January and April 2005 in Pain Center of Beijing Hospital of Ministry of Health were involved in CSR group. All the involved patients presented symptoms in unilateral upper extremity (left side 10 patients, right side 10 patients). They did not undergo physical therapy or nerve block therapy in 1 week before examination. Eight non-CSR patients who received treatment in Pain Center concurrently were involved in the control group (2 patients with trigeminal neuralgia, 4 with osteoarthrosis of knee joint and 2 with lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion), and another 12 healthy volunteers were involved. Four non-CSR patients and 12 healthy volunteers, 8 male and 12 female, were aged from 23 to 75 years. The informed consents were obtained from all the involved subjects. METHODS: The volar thresholds of cold sensation, thermal sensation, cryalgesia of thenar eminence of both upper extremities of all the subjects were examined separately by limit method with type TSA-Ⅱ temperature sensation analysator made by Medco Company (Israel). The subjects were pre-examined to be familiar with the method for sensory discrimination and affirmation. Thenar eminence vola of bilateral upper extremities were detected. The infrared detector of a semiconductor was contacted with skin. The infrared detector could be used to heat and cool skin. A group of cold-heat water circulation device was given electric current to produce temperature gradient, which was higher or lower than skin temperature. The initial temperature of infrared detector was 32 ℃, stimulation temperature was increased or decreased progressively at 1 ℃/s, and temperature change range was 0 to 50 ℃. In the first step, subjects pressed down the button to stop the stimulation when the temperature of infrared detector was decreased progressively until the subjects felt, and the threshold of cold sensation was obtained; In the second step, the threshold of thermal sensation was obtained when the temperature of infrared detector was increased progressively until the subjects felt; In the third step, the threshold of cryalgesia was obtained when the temperature of infrared detector was decreased progressively until subjects felt; and in the fourth step, the threshold of thermalgesia was obtained when the temperature of infrared detector was increased progressively until subjects felt. Each step was conducted 4 times and the mean threshold was obtained. Before each measurement, the temperature was made to rebound to the initial temperature and kept for 10 s. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The thresholds of cold sensation, thermal sensation and cryalgesia, thermalgesia of thenar eminence vola of bilateral upper extremities of all the subjects. RESULTS: Twenty patients with CSR and 20 healthy subjects participated in the final results. ① In the CSR group, the threshold of cold sensation of affected side was lower than that of intact side [(29.00±1.26) ℃ vs.(30.00±1.06) ℃, P < 0.05], and the threshold of thermal sensation of affected side was higher than that of intact side [(35.04±0.87) ℃ vs. (34.14±0.99) ℃, P < 0.05]. There were no significant differences in the thresholds of cold and thermal sensation between affected side and intact side (P > 0.05). ②In the CSR group, the difference of threshold of cold sensation, thermal sensation, cryalgesia and thermalgesia between affected side and intact side was (-1.01±0.57), (0.89±0.39), (2.49±1.10) and (-1.62±0.86) ℃, respectively , the absolute value of which was higher than that of control group, respectively [(0.04±0.28),(0.05±0.26),(0.28±1.79),(0.17±1.10) ℃,P < 0.01]. In the CSR group, the threshold of cold sensation and thermalgesia of affected side was lower than that of intact side, respectively; and the threshold of thermal sensation and cryalgesia of affected side was higher than that of intact side, respectively. CONCLUSION: The superficial sensation of affected extremity of patients with CSR is lessened as compared with that of intact extremity. There are dysfunctions of small myelinated fiber (Aδ fiber) and demyelinated fiber (C fiber) in the affected-side extremity. QST, as a mean for quantitatively evaluating the function of Aδ fiber and C fiber, plays an objective evaluative role in the diagnosis and therapeutic effect observation of CSR.
基金supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China,No.2017YFA0104704(to BQL)the Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program(YESS)by China Association for Science and Technology(CAST),No.2018QNRC001(to BQL)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China,No.18ykpy38(to BQL)the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.81971157(to BQL),81891003(to YSZ).
文摘Axon regeneration and remyelination of the damaged region is the most common repair strategy for spinal cord injury.However,achieving good outcome remains difficult.Our previous study showed that porcine decellularized optic nerve better mimics the extracellular matrix of the embryonic porcine optic nerve and promotes the directional growth of dorsal root ganglion neurites.However,it has not been reported whether this material promotes axonal regeneration in vivo.In the present study,a porcine decellularized optic nerve was seeded with neurotrophin-3-overexpressing Schwann cells.This functional scaffold promoted the directional growth and remyelination of regenerating axons.In vitro,the porcine decellularized optic nerve contained many straight,longitudinal channels with a uniform distribution,and microscopic pores were present in the channel wall.The spatial micro topological structure and extracellular matrix were conducive to the adhesion,survival and migration of neural stem cells.The scaffold promoted the directional growth of dorsal root ganglion neurites,and showed strong potential for myelin regeneration.Furthermore,we transplanted the porcine decellularized optic nerve containing neurotrophin-3-overexpressing Schwann cells in a rat model of T10 spinal cord defect in vivo.Four weeks later,the regenerating axons grew straight,the myelin sheath in the injured/transplanted area recovered its structure,and simultaneously,the number of inflammatory cells and the expression of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans were reduced.Together,these findings suggest that porcine decellularized optic nerve loaded with Schwann cells overexpressing neurotrophin-3 promotes the directional growth of regenerating spinal cord axons as well as myelin regeneration.All procedures involving animals were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Sun Yat-sen University(approval No.SYSU-IACUC-2019-B034)on February 28,2019.
文摘AIM: To detect whether the combination of vincamine, thioctic acid and lutein will improve the retina and optic nerve functions in cases of an opaque media with an optic nerve and/or a retinal defect or not.METHODS: Totally 2000 patients(2000 eyes) of corneal opacities with defects in the optic nerve or/and the retinal functions were studied. Every patient received three types of drugs: thioctic acid with cyanocobalamine, vincamine, and lutein. The drugs were given daily for 3-12 mo according to patient’s responses. Full field flash electroretinogram(ERG) and flash visual evoked potential(VEP) were done before treatment and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 mo sequentially. Patients were followed up for 12 mo.RESULTS: In the 2000 eyes, 1000 eyes had both moderate optic nerve and retinal function defects;and 840 eyes out of the 1000 improved with the medical treatment. Another 500 eyes out of the 2000 eyes had extinguished retinal function with normal optic nerve function and only 125 eyes of them improved. The 290 out of the 2000 eyes had severe defects in optic nerve with normal retinal function and 130 of them improved. Another 210 eyes have mild optic nerve and retinal function defects and 194 improved.CONCLUSION: The combination of vincamine, thioctic acid with cyanocobalamine, and lutein improved both retina and optic nerve functions mainly in mild and moderate defect than in severe cases.
基金financially supported by the Neuroscience Research Center of the Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,Tabriz,Iran
文摘Peripheral nerve injuries with a poor prognosis are common.Evening primrose oil(EPO) has beneficial biological effects and immunomodulatory properties.Since electrical activity plays a major role in neural regeneration,the present study investigated the effects of electrical stimulation(ES),combined with evening primrose oil(EPO),on sciatic nerve function after a crush injury in rats.In anesthetized rats,the sciatic nerve was crushed using small haemostatic forceps followed by ES and/or EPO treatment for 4 weeks.Functional recovery of the sciatic nerve was assessed using the sciatic functional index.Histopathological changes of gastrocnemius muscle atrophy were investigated by light microscopy.Electrophysiological changes were assessed by the nerve conduction velocity of sciatic nerves.Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the remyelination of the sciatic nerve following the interventions.EPO + ES,EPO,and ES obviously improved sciatic nerve function assessed by the sciatic functional index and nerve conduction velocity of the sciatic nerve at 28 days after operation.Expression of the peripheral nerve remyelination marker,protein zero(P0),was increased in the treatment groups at 28 days after operation.Muscle atrophy severity was decreased significantly while the nerve conduction velocity was increased significantly in rats with sciatic nerve injury in the injury + EPO + ES group than in the EPO or ES group.Totally speaking,the combined use of EPO and ES may produce an improving effect on the function of sciatic nerves injured by a crush.The increased expression of P0 may have contributed to improving the functional effects of combination therapy with EPO and ES as well as the electrophysiological and histopathological features of the injured peripheral nerve.
文摘Fatigue is a common sense caused by crushing labor, stressful social events and various illnesses. It is usually judged by their subjective symptoms, but it should be evaluated in an objective perspective. Here we show that the decrease of working efficiency and sympathetic hyperactivity are associated with mental fatigue state caused by prolonged mental workload. Recently we made a new mental fatigue model of healthy volunteers caused by long-term computerized Kraepelin test (CKT) workload. CKT is our new software for automatically checking the calculation capability, with which it is easy to determine the reaction time (RT), coefficient of variance of reaction time (CV), and accuracy of the answers (AC) during tasks. We put 24 healthy volunteers into the fatigue state by subjecting them to 120 minutes’ CKT workload, and then studied the changes in fatigue sensation, RT, CV, and AC before and after the CKT workload. The fatigue sensation, RT, and CV were clearly increased by the fatigue-inducing task and recovered during the resting period. We also studied the changes in autonomic nerve activity by using heart rate variability analysis. The low/high frequency component ratio (LF/HF) was signifi-cantly increased by the fatigue-inducing task and decreased by resting, suggesting that mental stress causes a relatively sympathetic nerve activity-dominant state. Therefore, our new fatigue model involving a long-term CKT workload is a good mental fatigue model to provide much information about the fatigue state simultane-ously, and the increase of RT, CV, and proportion of sympathetic activity (LF/HF) are associated with mental fatigue state. These might be useful objective biomarkers or evaluating a mental fatigue state.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81171812,81272105 and 81671924
文摘Local sympathetic denervation by surgical sympathectomy is used in the treatment of lower limb ulcers and ischemia,but the restoration of cutaneous sympathetic nerve functions is less clear.This study aims to explore the recovery of cutaneous sympathetic functions after bilateral L2–4 sympathectomy.The skin temperature of the left feet,using a point monitoring thermometer,increased intraoperatively after sympathectomy.The cytoplasm of sympathetic neurons contained tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamineβ-hydroxylase,visualized by immunofluorescence,indicated the accuracy of sympathectomy.Iodine starch test results suggested that the sweating function of the hind feet plantar skin decreased 2 and 7 weeks after lumbar sympathectomy but had recovered by 3 months.Immunofluorescence and western blot assay results revealed that norepinephrine and dopamineβ-hydroxylase expression in the skin from the sacrococcygeal region and hind feet decreased in the sympathectomized group at 2 weeks.Transmission electron microscopy results showed that perinuclear space and axon demyelination in sympathetic cells in the L_5 sympathetic trunks were found in the sympathectomized group 3 months after sympathectomy.Although sympathetic denervation occurred in the sacrococcygeal region and hind feet skin 2 weeks after lumbar sympathectomy,the skin functions recovered gradually over 7 weeks to 3 months.In conclusion,sympathetic functional recovery may account for the recurrence of hyperhidrosis after sympathectomy and the normalization of sympathetic nerve trunks after incomplete injury.The recovery of sympathetic nerve function was slower in the limbs than in the torso after bilateral L_(2–4) sympathectomy.
文摘Objective:To investigate the effects of gastrodin on neurotransmitter effect, stress response, blood vessel and nerve function in migraine patients.Methods:A total of90 patients with migraine admitted to our hospital from September 2016 to December 2017 were randomly divided into observation group and control group with 45 cases in each group. The control group was treated with flunarizine hydrochloride, while the observation group was treated with gastrodin based on the control group. The levels of neurotransmitter effect[including 5-serotonin (5-HT) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)], stress response[oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and paraoxonase-1 (PON-1)], vascular function[including nitric oxide (NO), endothelin-1 (ET-1)] and neurological function[including high brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)] related indexes were observed and compared between the two groups.Results: The two groups showed significant changes in transmitter effect, stress response, blood vessel and nerve function. Before treatment, there was no significant difference in the levels between the two groups. After treatment, the levels of TNF-a, ox-LDL, NO, ET-1, BDNF and CGRP in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment, while the levels of 5-HT and PON-1 were significantly higher than those before treatment. And after treatment, the levels of TNF-a, ox-LDL, NO, ET-1, BDNF and CGRP in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, while the levels of 5-HT and PON-1 were significantly higher than those in the control group.Conclusions:Gastrodin treatment can regulate oxidative stress level and improve vascular and neurological function in migraine patients.
文摘Frankincense can promote blood circulation.Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid(AKBA)is a small molecule with anti-inflammatory properties that is derived from Boswellia serrata.Here,we hypothesized that it may promote regeneration of injured sciatic nerve.To addressy 2doses3,and 6g byforthdayernfuthis hypothesis,we established a rat model of sciatic nerve injury using a nerve clamping method.Rats were administered AKBA once was evaluated using the sciatic functional index.Degree of muscle atrophy was measured using the triceps surae muscle Cuadros index.Neuropathological changes were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining.Western blot analysis was used to detect expression of phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2(p-ERK1/2)in injured nerve.S100 immunoreactivity in injured nerve was detected by immunohistochemistry.In vivo experiments showed that 3 and 6 mg/kg AKBA significantly increased sciatic nerve index,Cuadros index of triceps muscle,p-ERK1/2 expression,and S100 immunoreactivity in injured sciatic nerve of sciatic nerve injury model rats.Furthermore,for in vitro experiments,Schwann cells were treated with AKBA at 0–20μg/m L.Proliferation of Schwann cells was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 colorimetry assay.The results showed that 2μg/m L AKBA is the optimal therapeutic concentration.In addition,ERK phosphorylation levels increased following 2μg/m L AKBA treatment.In the presence of the ERK1/2 inhibitor,PD98059(2.5μL/m L),the AKBA-induced increase in p-ERK1/2 protein expression was partially abrogated.In conclusion,our study shows that AKBA promotes peripheral nerve regeneration with ERK protein phosphorylation playing a key role in this process.
文摘Objective: To investigate the effects of butyphthalide combined with routine anticoagulant and antioxidant therapy on the nerve function, angiogenesis and free radical generation in patients with acute cerebral infarction. Methods: A total of 142 patients with acute cerebral infarction who were treated in this hospital between August 2014 and January 2017 were collected as research subjects and divided into control group (n=71) and butyphthalide group (n=71) by random number table method. Control group received routine anticoagulant and antioxidant therapy, and butyphthalide group received butyphthalide combined with routine anticoagulant and antioxidant therapy. The differences in serum nerve function indexes, angiogenesis indexes and free radical generation-related indexes were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Results: Before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in serum levels of nerve function indexes, angiogenesis indexes and free radical generation-related indexes between the two groups of patients. After treatment, serum nerve function index IGF-1 level of butyphthalide group was higher than that of control group whereas copeptin, PAO and H-FABP contents were lower than those of control group;serum angiogenesis indexes VEGF, MMP-2 and MMP-9 contents were higher than those of control group;serum contents of free radical generation-related indexes ROS and MDA were lower than those of control group. Conclusions: Butyphthalide combined with routine anticoagulant and antioxidant therapy can effectively optimize the nerve function, promote the cerebral angiogenesis and inhibit the free radical generation in patients with acute cerebral infarction.
文摘Objective:To study the effect of edaravone combined with cattle encephalon glycoside and ignotin injection adjuvant therapy on nerve function impairment in patients with severe craniocerebral injury.Methods: A total of 68 patients with severe craniocerebral injury who were treated in our hospital between January 2013 and May 2016 were collected and divided into control group and observation group according to the random number table, 34 cases in each group. Control group of patients received conventional + cattle encephalon glycoside and ignotin injection therapy, and observation group of patients received conventional +cattle encephalon glycoside and ignotin injection + edaravone therapy. The differences in serum levels of nerve injury indexes, oxidative stress indexes and inflammatory mediators were compared between the two groups of patients before and after treatment.Results: Before treatment, the differences in serum levels of nerve injury indexes, oxidative stress indexes and inflammatory mediators were not statistically significant between two groups of patients. After treatment, serum nerve injury index BNP level in observation group was higher than that in control group while S-100B, GFAP and NSE levels were lower than those in control group;serum oxidative stress indicators MDA and MPO levels were lower than those in control group while SOD and GSH-Px levels were higher than those in control group;serum inflammatory mediators IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α levels were lower than those in control group.Conclusion:Edaravone combined with cattle encephalon glycoside and ignotin injection adjuvant therapy can effectively reduce the nerve function impairment in patients with severe craniocerebral injury, and the specific mechanisms are related to its effect on reducing the oxidative stress and inflammation.
文摘Objective: To explore the effect of adjuvant Naoxintong capsule therapy on nerve function and inflammatory stress response in patients in convalescence of cerebral infarction. Methods:91 patients with cerebral infarction who were treated in our hospital between September 2015 and October 2017 were selected as the research subjects, and the medication during convalescence was reviewed and used to divide all patients into the control group (n=50) who received conventional western medicine treatment and the Naoxintong capsule group (n=41) who received western medicine combined with Naoxintong capsule treatment. The differences in serum levels of nerve function indexes, inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress indexes were compared between the two groups before convalescence medication (T1) and after 1 month of convalescence treatment (T2). Results: At T1, serum levels of nerve function indexes, inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress indexes were not significantly different between the two groups. At T2, serum nerve function indexes Copeptin and α-HBDH levels of Naoxintong capsule group were lower than those of control group whereas BDNF and IGF-1 levels were higher than those of control group;serum inflammatory mediators hs-CRP, YKL-40, IL-6 and IL-18 levels were lower than those of control group;serum oxidative stress index SOD level was higher than that of control group whereas 8-OHdG and MDA levels were lower than those of control group. Conclusion: Adjuvant Naoxintong capsule therapy can be further optimize the nerve function and relieve the inflammatory stress response in patients in convalescence of cerebral infarction.
文摘Objective: To investigate the effects of early statins combined with intravenous thrombolysis on nerve function and cytokine secretion in patients with acute cerebral infarction. Methods:A total of 210 patients with acute cerebral infarction who were treated in the hospital between September 2015 and March 2017 were divided into control group (n=105) and statin group (n=105) by random number table. Control group received intravenous thrombolysis therapy, and statin group received early statins combined with intravenous thrombolysis therapy. The differences in serum levels of nerve function indicators, adipocytokines and oxidative stress indexes were compared between the two groups immediately after admission and after treatment. Results: Before treatment, the differences in serum levels of nerve function indexes, adipocytokines and oxidative stress indexes were not statistically significant between the two groups. After treatment, serum nerve function index S100B level of statin group was lower than that of control group whereas BDNF level was higher than that of control group;serum adipocytokine APN level was higher than that of control group while Resistin and Visfatin levels were lower than those of control group;serum oxidative stress indexes AOPPs and LHP levels were lower than those of control group whereas SOD and T-AOC levels were higher than those of control group. Conclusion: Early statins combined with intravenous thrombolysis can effectively improve the nerve function of patients with acute cerebral infarction, coordinate the secretion of a variety of cytokines and inhibit the activation of oxidative stress response.
文摘Objective: To investigate the influence of Xiaoshuan enteric-coated capsules + aniracetam therapy on cerebral blood perfusion and nerve function in patients with convalescent cerebral infarction. Methods: A total of 177 cases of patients with convalescent cerebral infarction were retrospectively reviewed and then divided into the control group (n=109) and the Xiaoshuan enteric-coated capsules group (n=68). Control group received aniracetam therapy on the basis of routine treatment, and Xiaoshuan enteric-coated capsules group received Xiaoshuan enteric-coated capsules + aniracetam therapy on the basis of routine treatment. The differences in ultrasound cerebral blood perfusion parameter levels as well as serum neurotrophy index and nerve injury index contents were compared between the two groups. Results: Before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in ultrasound cerebral blood perfusion parameter levels as well as serum neurotrophy index and nerve injury index contents between the two groups. After treatment, ultrasound cerebral blood perfusion parameters PSV and TMV levels in Xiaoshuan enteric-coated capsules group were higher than those in control group whereas RI level was lower than that in control group;serum neurotrophy indexes bFGF, BDNF and VEGF contents were higher than those of control group;serum nerve injury indexes GFAP, NSE, UCH-L1 and S100B contents were lower than those of control group. Conclusion: Xiaoshuan enteric-coated capsules + aniracetam therapy can significantly increase cerebral blood perfusion and optimize nerve function in patients with convalescent cerebral infarction.
文摘Objective: To study the effect of early enteral nutrition intervention on nerve function, systemic oxidative stress and inflammatory response in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage. Methods: A total of 98 patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage who received hospitalization in the hospital between April 2015 and February 2017 were collected and divided into control group and observation group by random number table method, 49 cases in each group. Control group received routine enteral nutrition intervention and observation group received early enteral nutrition intervention. The differences in serum levels of nerve function-related indexes, oxidative stress indexes and inflammatory mediators were compared between the two groups of patients before and after intervention. Results: Before intervention, the differences in serum levels of nerve function-related indexes, oxidative stress indexes and inflammatory mediators were not statistically significant between the two groups of patients. After 1 week of intervention, serum S100B, NSE, GFAP, MBP, LPO, MDA, PCT, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels of both groups of patients were lower than those before intervention while GSH-PX levels were higher than those before intervention, and serum S100B, NSE, GFAP, MBP, LPO, MDA, PCT, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels of observation group were lower than those of control group while GSH-PX level was higher than that of control group. Conclusion:Early enteral nutrition intervention can effectively optimize the nerve function and suppress the systemic oxidative stress and inflammatory response in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage.
文摘Objective: To study the effects of mild hypothermia irrigation fluid on nerve function and oxidative stress during intracranial hematoma irrigation. Methods: The patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage who received hematoma aspiration in our hospital between August 2014 and November 2017 were chosen and randomly divided into the observation group who received mild hypothermia irrigation fluid and the control group who received room temperature irrigation fluid. Before treatment and 72 h after treatment, the contents of nerve injury markers, cytokines and oxidative stress mediators were measured after peripheral blood extraction and serum separation. Results: Compared with those of control group, serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE), visinin-like protein-1 (VILIP-1), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neuropeptide Y (NPY), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-10 (IL-10), malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-OHdG and nitric oxide (NO) contents of observation group were significantly lower whereas serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) contents were significantly higher after treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion: The application of mild hypothermia irrigation fluid during intracranial hematoma irrigation can alleviate the nerve function injury, improve the neurotrophic status and inhibit the oxidative stress response.
基金approved by the medical ethics committee of the authors’institution(protocol number:56733164-203-E.5863).
文摘BACKGROUND Peripheral nerve injury can result in significant clinical complications that have uncertain prognoses.Currently,there is a lack of effective pharmacological interventions for nerve damage,despite the existence of several small compounds,Despite the objective of achieving full functional restoration by surgical intervention,the persistent challenge of inadequate functional recovery remains a significant concern in the context of peripheral nerve injuries.AIM To examine the impact of exosomes on the process of functional recovery following a complete radial nerve damage.METHODS A male individual,aged 24,who is right-hand dominant and an immigrant,arrived with an injury caused by a knife assault.The cut is located on the left arm,specifically below the elbow.The neurological examination and electrodiagnostic testing reveal evidence of left radial nerve damage.The sural autograft was utilized for repair,followed by the application of 1 mL of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome,comprising 5 billion microvesicles.This exosome was split into four equal volumes of 0.25 mL each and delivered microsurgically to both the proximal and distal stumps using the subepineural pathway.The patient was subjected to a period of 180 d during which they had neurological examination and electrodiagnostic testing.RESULTS The duration of the patient’s follow-up period was 180 d.An increasing Tinel’s sign and sensory-motor recovery were detected even at the 10th wk following nerve grafting.Upon the conclusion of the 6-mo post-treatment period,an evaluation was conducted to measure the extent of improvement in motor and sensory functions of the nerve.This assessment was based on the British Medical Research Council scale and the Mackinnon-Dellon scale.The results indicated that the level of improvement in motor function was classified as M5,denoting an excellent outcome.Additionally,the level of improvement in sensory function was classified as S3+,indicating a good outcome.It is noteworthy that these assessments were conducted in the absence of physical therapy.At the 10th wk post-injury,despite the persistence of substantial axonal damage,the nerve exhibited indications of nerve re-innervation as evidenced by control electromyography(EMG).In contrast to the preceding.EMG analysis revealed a significant electrophysiological enhancement in the EMG conducted at the 6th-mo follow-up,indicating ongoing regeneration.CONCLUSION Enhanced comprehension of the neurobiological ramifications associated with peripheral nerve damage,as well as the experimental and therapy approaches delineated in this investigation,holds the potential to catalyze future clinical progress.
