Traumatic brain injury is a serious medical condition that can be attributed to falls, motor vehicle accidents, sports injuries and acts of violence, causing a series of neural injuries and neuropsychiatric symptoms. ...Traumatic brain injury is a serious medical condition that can be attributed to falls, motor vehicle accidents, sports injuries and acts of violence, causing a series of neural injuries and neuropsychiatric symptoms. However, limited accessibility to the injury sites, complicated histological and anatomical structure, intricate cellular and extracellular milieu, lack of regenerative capacity in the native cells, vast variety of damage routes, and the insufficient time available for treatment have restricted the widespread application of several therapeutic methods in cases of central nervous system injury. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have emerged as innovative approaches in the field of nerve regeneration. By combining biomaterials, stem cells, and growth factors, these approaches have provided a platform for developing effective treatments for neural injuries, which can offer the potential to restore neural function, improve patient outcomes, and reduce the need for drugs and invasive surgical procedures. Biomaterials have shown advantages in promoting neural development, inhibiting glial scar formation, and providing a suitable biomimetic neural microenvironment, which makes their application promising in the field of neural regeneration. For instance, bioactive scaffolds loaded with stem cells can provide a biocompatible and biodegradable milieu. Furthermore, stem cells-derived exosomes combine the advantages of stem cells, avoid the risk of immune rejection, cooperate with biomaterials to enhance their biological functions, and exert stable functions, thereby inducing angiogenesis and neural regeneration in patients with traumatic brain injury and promoting the recovery of brain function. Unfortunately, biomaterials have shown positive effects in the laboratory, but when similar materials are used in clinical studies of human central nervous system regeneration, their efficacy is unsatisfactory. Here, we review the characteristics and properties of various bioactive materials, followed by the introduction of applications based on biochemistry and cell molecules, and discuss the emerging role of biomaterials in promoting neural regeneration. Further, we summarize the adaptive biomaterials infused with exosomes produced from stem cells and stem cells themselves for the treatment of traumatic brain injury. Finally, we present the main limitations of biomaterials for the treatment of traumatic brain injury and offer insights into their future potential.展开更多
There are various clinical treatments for traumatic brain injury,including surgery,drug therapy,and rehabilitation therapy;howeve r,the therapeutic effects are limited.Scaffolds combined with exosomes represent a prom...There are various clinical treatments for traumatic brain injury,including surgery,drug therapy,and rehabilitation therapy;howeve r,the therapeutic effects are limited.Scaffolds combined with exosomes represent a promising but challenging method for improving the repair of traumatic brain injury.In this study,we determined the ability of a novel 3D-printed collagen/chitosan scaffold loaded with exosomes derived from neural stem cells pretreated with insulin-like growth factor-1(3D-CC-INEXOS) to improve traumatic brain injury repair and functional recove ry after traumatic brain injury in rats.Composite scaffolds comprising collagen,chitosan,and exosomes derived from neural stem cells pretreated with insulin-like growth fa ctor-1(INEXOS) continuously released exosomes for 2weeks.Transplantation of 3D-CC-INExos scaffolds significantly improved motor and cognitive functions in a rat traumatic brain injury model,as assessed by the Morris water maze test and modified neurological seve rity scores.In addition,immunofluorescence staining and transmission electron microscopy showed that3D-CC-INExos implantation significantly improved the recove ry of damaged nerve tissue in the injured area.In conclusion,this study suggests that transplanted3D-CC-INExos scaffolds might provide a potential strategy for the treatment of traumatic brain injury and lay a solid foundation for clinical translation.展开更多
Three-dimensional(3D)printing technology has opened a new paradigm to controllably and reproducibly fabricate bioengineered neural constructs for potential applications in repairing injured nervous tissues or producin...Three-dimensional(3D)printing technology has opened a new paradigm to controllably and reproducibly fabricate bioengineered neural constructs for potential applications in repairing injured nervous tissues or producing in vitro nervous tissue models.However,the complexity of nervous tissues poses great challenges to 3D-printed bioengineered analogues,which should possess diverse architectural/chemical/electrical functionalities to resemble the native growth microenvironments for functional neural regeneration.In this work,we provide a state-of-the-art review of the latest development of 3D printing for bioengineered neural constructs.Various 3D printing techniques for neural tissue-engineered scaffolds or living cell-laden constructs are summarized and compared in terms of their unique advantages.We highlight the advanced strategies by integrating topographical,biochemical and electroactive cues inside 3D-printed neural constructs to replicate in vivo-like microenvironment for functional neural regeneration.The typical applications of 3D-printed bioengineered constructs for in vivo repair of injured nervous tissues,bio-electronics interfacing with native nervous system,neural-on-chips as well as brain-like tissue models are demonstrated.The challenges and future outlook associated with 3D printing for functional neural constructs in various categories are discussed.展开更多
Rhesus monkey neural stem cells are capable of differentiating into neurons and glial cells.Therefore,neural stem cell transplantation can be used to promote functional recovery of the nervous system.Rhesus monkey neu...Rhesus monkey neural stem cells are capable of differentiating into neurons and glial cells.Therefore,neural stem cell transplantation can be used to promote functional recovery of the nervous system.Rhesus monkey neural stem cells(1×105 cells/μL) were injected into bilateral hippocampi of rats with hippocampal lesions.Confocal laser scanning microscopy demonstrated that green fluorescent protein-labeled transplanted cells survived and grew well.Transplanted cells were detected at the lesion site,but also in the nerve fiber-rich region of the cerebral cortex and corpus callosum.Some transplanted cells differentiated into neurons and glial cells clustering along the ventricular wall,and integrated into the recipient brain.Behavioral tests revealed that spatial learning and memory ability improved,indicating that rhesus monkey neural stem cells noticeably improve spatial learning and memory abilities in rats with hippocampal lesions.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Live delivery limits the clinical application of maggot therapy.To date in China,there are no in vivo reports regarding wound healing mechanisms of maggot therapy or the effects of maggot homogenate on woun...BACKGROUND:Live delivery limits the clinical application of maggot therapy.To date in China,there are no in vivo reports regarding wound healing mechanisms of maggot therapy or the effects of maggot homogenate on wound nerve regeneration.OBJECTIVE:To avoid complications due to the use of live maggots,an aseptic maggot homogenate was applied.Substance P(SP) and gene protein product 9.5 expression in a cutaneous wound was analyzed to explore possible mechanisms of neural regeneration and wound healing in the rat.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:A random grouping and controlled animal study was performed at the laboratory of the Department of Orthopedic Surgery,First Affiliated Hospital,Dalian Medical University from August 2008 to April 2009.MATERIALS:Live maggots were cultured and provided by the laboratory of the Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital,Dalian Medical University,China.METHODS:A total of 48 adult rats were selected and two acute,full-thickness wounds(round,1.5 cm diameter) were created on the back of each rat.The two wounds were randomly assigned to homogenate product and control groups.Following two-step disinfection of maggots,a homogenate was produced from 10 maggots and applied to the wound area in the homogenate product group,while the wounds in the control group were treated with normal saline alone.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:On days 1,3,7,10,14,and 21 following injury,the wound tissue was excised.Histological examination of the wound was observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining or Masson's Trichrome staining.SP and protein gene product 9.5 expressions were examined by immunohistochemistry to evaluate wound neural regeneration.RESULTS:On days 7,10,and 14,the rate of wound healing was significantly greater in the homogenate product group compared with the control group(P < 0.05),and homogenate healing was better than that seen in the control group.On days 3,7,and 10,SP expression in cells and regenerative nerves was significantly greater in the homogenate product group compared with the control group(P < 0.05).On days 7 and 10,protein gene product 9.5 expression was detected in the regenerative nerve,and expression level was significantly greater in the homogenate product group compared with the control group(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION:Maggot homogenate resulted in upregulated SP and protein gene product 9.5 expressions,thereby promoting neural regeneration and wound healing.展开更多
About the Journal Founded in April 2006,Neural Regeneration Research(NRR;ISSN 1673-5374,e ISSN 1876-7958)is an international,peer-reviewed,open-access journal(www.nrronline.org)published monthly,with its mission focus...About the Journal Founded in April 2006,Neural Regeneration Research(NRR;ISSN 1673-5374,e ISSN 1876-7958)is an international,peer-reviewed,open-access journal(www.nrronline.org)published monthly,with its mission focused on reporting creative scientific advancements in all areas of neural regeneration.The journal is committed to publishing articles on original experimental and clinical research,techno-展开更多
Neural Regeneration Research (NRR, CN 11-5422/R, ISSN 1673-5374) is an international first-class academic journal published in English. NRR, published monthly and distributed all over the world, is charged by the Mini...Neural Regeneration Research (NRR, CN 11-5422/R, ISSN 1673-5374) is an international first-class academic journal published in English. NRR, published monthly and distributed all over the world, is charged by the Ministry of Health,展开更多
Neural Regeneration Research (NRR,CN11-5422/R, ISSN 1673-5374) is an international first-class academic journal published in English. NRR, published monthly and distributed all over the world, is charged by the Ministry
In 2009, NRR will emphasis on novel findings in the mechanism research of nerve cells and tissue regeneration, involved in structure change, interactions and specific properties of nerve cells and tissue elements duri...In 2009, NRR will emphasis on novel findings in the mechanism research of nerve cells and tissue regeneration, involved in structure change, interactions and specific properties of nerve cells and tissue elements during development展开更多
In 2009, NRR will emphasis on novel findings in the mechanism research of nerve cells and tissue regeneration, involved in structure change, interactions and specific properties of nerve cells
The latest research achievements will be presented in each periodical, including articles concerning cerebral structure and function, spinal structure and function, and peripheral nerve structure and function.
Neural Regeneration Research (NRR) is a first-class international academic journal published in English. It is supervised by the Ministry of Health, P.R. China. NRR (CN11-5422/R,ISSN 1675-5374) is a monthly journal, d...Neural Regeneration Research (NRR) is a first-class international academic journal published in English. It is supervised by the Ministry of Health, P.R. China. NRR (CN11-5422/R,ISSN 1675-5374) is a monthly journal, distributed all over the world.展开更多
The aim of Neural Regeneration Research (NRR) is to build an international academic exchange platform on neural regeneration research and deliver the forefront information among experts and physicians. NRR reports man...The aim of Neural Regeneration Research (NRR) is to build an international academic exchange platform on neural regeneration research and deliver the forefront information among experts and physicians. NRR reports many kinds of basic researches on neuroscience and the subjects closed to neural regeneration research, such as neurophysiology, molecular neurobiology, neuroimmunology,展开更多
The aim of Neural Regeneration Research (NRR) is to build an international academic exchange platform on neural regeneration research and deliver the forefront information among experts and physicians. NRR reports man...The aim of Neural Regeneration Research (NRR) is to build an international academic exchange platform on neural regeneration research and deliver the forefront information among experts and physicians. NRR reports many kinds of basic researches on neuroscience and the subjects closed to展开更多
基金supported by the Sichuan Science and Technology Program,No.2023YFS0164 (to JC)。
文摘Traumatic brain injury is a serious medical condition that can be attributed to falls, motor vehicle accidents, sports injuries and acts of violence, causing a series of neural injuries and neuropsychiatric symptoms. However, limited accessibility to the injury sites, complicated histological and anatomical structure, intricate cellular and extracellular milieu, lack of regenerative capacity in the native cells, vast variety of damage routes, and the insufficient time available for treatment have restricted the widespread application of several therapeutic methods in cases of central nervous system injury. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have emerged as innovative approaches in the field of nerve regeneration. By combining biomaterials, stem cells, and growth factors, these approaches have provided a platform for developing effective treatments for neural injuries, which can offer the potential to restore neural function, improve patient outcomes, and reduce the need for drugs and invasive surgical procedures. Biomaterials have shown advantages in promoting neural development, inhibiting glial scar formation, and providing a suitable biomimetic neural microenvironment, which makes their application promising in the field of neural regeneration. For instance, bioactive scaffolds loaded with stem cells can provide a biocompatible and biodegradable milieu. Furthermore, stem cells-derived exosomes combine the advantages of stem cells, avoid the risk of immune rejection, cooperate with biomaterials to enhance their biological functions, and exert stable functions, thereby inducing angiogenesis and neural regeneration in patients with traumatic brain injury and promoting the recovery of brain function. Unfortunately, biomaterials have shown positive effects in the laboratory, but when similar materials are used in clinical studies of human central nervous system regeneration, their efficacy is unsatisfactory. Here, we review the characteristics and properties of various bioactive materials, followed by the introduction of applications based on biochemistry and cell molecules, and discuss the emerging role of biomaterials in promoting neural regeneration. Further, we summarize the adaptive biomaterials infused with exosomes produced from stem cells and stem cells themselves for the treatment of traumatic brain injury. Finally, we present the main limitations of biomaterials for the treatment of traumatic brain injury and offer insights into their future potential.
基金supported by the National Major Scientific and Technological Special Project for Significant New Drugs Development,No.2019ZX09301-147 (to LXZ)。
文摘There are various clinical treatments for traumatic brain injury,including surgery,drug therapy,and rehabilitation therapy;howeve r,the therapeutic effects are limited.Scaffolds combined with exosomes represent a promising but challenging method for improving the repair of traumatic brain injury.In this study,we determined the ability of a novel 3D-printed collagen/chitosan scaffold loaded with exosomes derived from neural stem cells pretreated with insulin-like growth factor-1(3D-CC-INEXOS) to improve traumatic brain injury repair and functional recove ry after traumatic brain injury in rats.Composite scaffolds comprising collagen,chitosan,and exosomes derived from neural stem cells pretreated with insulin-like growth fa ctor-1(INEXOS) continuously released exosomes for 2weeks.Transplantation of 3D-CC-INExos scaffolds significantly improved motor and cognitive functions in a rat traumatic brain injury model,as assessed by the Morris water maze test and modified neurological seve rity scores.In addition,immunofluorescence staining and transmission electron microscopy showed that3D-CC-INExos implantation significantly improved the recove ry of damaged nerve tissue in the injured area.In conclusion,this study suggests that transplanted3D-CC-INExos scaffolds might provide a potential strategy for the treatment of traumatic brain injury and lay a solid foundation for clinical translation.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52125501)OPEN Project (BHJ17C019)+4 种基金the Key Research Project of Shaanxi Province (2021LLRH-08)the Program for Innovation Team of Shaanxi Province (2023-CX-TD-17)the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province (2023-JCQN-0543)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2021M702597)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
文摘Three-dimensional(3D)printing technology has opened a new paradigm to controllably and reproducibly fabricate bioengineered neural constructs for potential applications in repairing injured nervous tissues or producing in vitro nervous tissue models.However,the complexity of nervous tissues poses great challenges to 3D-printed bioengineered analogues,which should possess diverse architectural/chemical/electrical functionalities to resemble the native growth microenvironments for functional neural regeneration.In this work,we provide a state-of-the-art review of the latest development of 3D printing for bioengineered neural constructs.Various 3D printing techniques for neural tissue-engineered scaffolds or living cell-laden constructs are summarized and compared in terms of their unique advantages.We highlight the advanced strategies by integrating topographical,biochemical and electroactive cues inside 3D-printed neural constructs to replicate in vivo-like microenvironment for functional neural regeneration.The typical applications of 3D-printed bioengineered constructs for in vivo repair of injured nervous tissues,bio-electronics interfacing with native nervous system,neural-on-chips as well as brain-like tissue models are demonstrated.The challenges and future outlook associated with 3D printing for functional neural constructs in various categories are discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.31571109,81460261the Chinese-Finnish Joint Project Fund,No.813111172+2 种基金a grant from the Yunnan Key Program of Science and Technology of China,No.2014FC005the Key Science and Technology Research Project Fund of Hainan Province of China,No.ZDYF2016156the National Clinical Key Subject Construction Project Fund of China
文摘Rhesus monkey neural stem cells are capable of differentiating into neurons and glial cells.Therefore,neural stem cell transplantation can be used to promote functional recovery of the nervous system.Rhesus monkey neural stem cells(1×105 cells/μL) were injected into bilateral hippocampi of rats with hippocampal lesions.Confocal laser scanning microscopy demonstrated that green fluorescent protein-labeled transplanted cells survived and grew well.Transplanted cells were detected at the lesion site,but also in the nerve fiber-rich region of the cerebral cortex and corpus callosum.Some transplanted cells differentiated into neurons and glial cells clustering along the ventricular wall,and integrated into the recipient brain.Behavioral tests revealed that spatial learning and memory ability improved,indicating that rhesus monkey neural stem cells noticeably improve spatial learning and memory abilities in rats with hippocampal lesions.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No. 30873336
文摘BACKGROUND:Live delivery limits the clinical application of maggot therapy.To date in China,there are no in vivo reports regarding wound healing mechanisms of maggot therapy or the effects of maggot homogenate on wound nerve regeneration.OBJECTIVE:To avoid complications due to the use of live maggots,an aseptic maggot homogenate was applied.Substance P(SP) and gene protein product 9.5 expression in a cutaneous wound was analyzed to explore possible mechanisms of neural regeneration and wound healing in the rat.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:A random grouping and controlled animal study was performed at the laboratory of the Department of Orthopedic Surgery,First Affiliated Hospital,Dalian Medical University from August 2008 to April 2009.MATERIALS:Live maggots were cultured and provided by the laboratory of the Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital,Dalian Medical University,China.METHODS:A total of 48 adult rats were selected and two acute,full-thickness wounds(round,1.5 cm diameter) were created on the back of each rat.The two wounds were randomly assigned to homogenate product and control groups.Following two-step disinfection of maggots,a homogenate was produced from 10 maggots and applied to the wound area in the homogenate product group,while the wounds in the control group were treated with normal saline alone.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:On days 1,3,7,10,14,and 21 following injury,the wound tissue was excised.Histological examination of the wound was observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining or Masson's Trichrome staining.SP and protein gene product 9.5 expressions were examined by immunohistochemistry to evaluate wound neural regeneration.RESULTS:On days 7,10,and 14,the rate of wound healing was significantly greater in the homogenate product group compared with the control group(P < 0.05),and homogenate healing was better than that seen in the control group.On days 3,7,and 10,SP expression in cells and regenerative nerves was significantly greater in the homogenate product group compared with the control group(P < 0.05).On days 7 and 10,protein gene product 9.5 expression was detected in the regenerative nerve,and expression level was significantly greater in the homogenate product group compared with the control group(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION:Maggot homogenate resulted in upregulated SP and protein gene product 9.5 expressions,thereby promoting neural regeneration and wound healing.
文摘About the Journal Founded in April 2006,Neural Regeneration Research(NRR;ISSN 1673-5374,e ISSN 1876-7958)is an international,peer-reviewed,open-access journal(www.nrronline.org)published monthly,with its mission focused on reporting creative scientific advancements in all areas of neural regeneration.The journal is committed to publishing articles on original experimental and clinical research,techno-
文摘Neural Regeneration Research (NRR, CN 11-5422/R, ISSN 1673-5374) is an international first-class academic journal published in English. NRR, published monthly and distributed all over the world, is charged by the Ministry of Health,
文摘Neural Regeneration Research (NRR,CN11-5422/R, ISSN 1673-5374) is an international first-class academic journal published in English. NRR, published monthly and distributed all over the world, is charged by the Ministry
文摘In 2009, NRR will emphasis on novel findings in the mechanism research of nerve cells and tissue regeneration, involved in structure change, interactions and specific properties of nerve cells and tissue elements during development
文摘In 2009, NRR will emphasis on novel findings in the mechanism research of nerve cells and tissue regeneration, involved in structure change, interactions and specific properties of nerve cells
文摘The latest research achievements will be presented in each periodical, including articles concerning cerebral structure and function, spinal structure and function, and peripheral nerve structure and function.
文摘Neural Regeneration Research (NRR) is a first-class international academic journal published in English. It is supervised by the Ministry of Health, P.R. China. NRR (CN11-5422/R,ISSN 1675-5374) is a monthly journal, distributed all over the world.
文摘The aim of Neural Regeneration Research (NRR) is to build an international academic exchange platform on neural regeneration research and deliver the forefront information among experts and physicians. NRR reports many kinds of basic researches on neuroscience and the subjects closed to neural regeneration research, such as neurophysiology, molecular neurobiology, neuroimmunology,
文摘The aim of Neural Regeneration Research (NRR) is to build an international academic exchange platform on neural regeneration research and deliver the forefront information among experts and physicians. NRR reports many kinds of basic researches on neuroscience and the subjects closed to
