Based on China's special conditions and characteristics of specific group of new-generation migrant workers,this article researches connotation of employment ability of new-generation migrant workers in China,that...Based on China's special conditions and characteristics of specific group of new-generation migrant workers,this article researches connotation of employment ability of new-generation migrant workers in China,that is,the connotation of employment ability of new-generation migrant workers in China should include four aspects:professional knowledge and skills,learning capacity,adaptability and environmental force.On this basis,through the analysis of indicators concerning connotation of employment ability,we get the overall characteristics of employment ability of new-generation migrant workers in China and reason responsible for its serious weakness.Finally we put forward corresponding countermeasures as follows:impart professional knowledge and skills;promote learning capacity;foster adaptive capacity;improve employment environment.展开更多
New-generation migrant workers are the " elite" among migrant workers,and whether they can really adapt to the city is one of the real problems to be urgently solved during China's new urbanization,relat...New-generation migrant workers are the " elite" among migrant workers,and whether they can really adapt to the city is one of the real problems to be urgently solved during China's new urbanization,related to the success of new urbanization construction. From the perspective of livelihood capital,this paper uses the measuring indicators in line with the new-generation migrant workers' livelihood characteristics,to analyze the typical characteristics and causes of new-generation migrant workers' urban adaptation in Jianggan District of Hangzhou City based on field survey data. In the study,it is found that the new-generation migrant workers' urban adaptation characteristics are focused on life adaptation,work adaptation and cultural adaptation,but the adaptation in the three areas is not good and there is a big room for improvement.展开更多
The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development explicitly and specifically includes migration in the global development agenda for the first time, and establishes relevant targets, including promoting regular migration a...The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development explicitly and specifically includes migration in the global development agenda for the first time, and establishes relevant targets, including promoting regular migration and protecting the rights of migrant workers. These targets are significant achievements of the United Nations in promoting the topic “Migration and Development” and strengthening the human rights-based global migration governance.However, there are many difficulties in achieving these targets, especially when the rights of regular and irregular migration are undermining national sovereignty and security, or are not in line with national development needs. With the continued spread of the CoVID-19pandemic, rising tensions among major powers, and the prevalence of populism and anti-foreigner sentiment in the West, the process of migration and development has been seriously influenced, and the divergent positions and conflicting interests of countries have pushed the migration targets further out of reach. However, in the long run,exploration in this area will help promote global economic recovery in the post-pandemic era and benefit all parties from the positive interactions of migration, development, and human rights.展开更多
Three decades since the first wave of rural-urban migration, the new generation of migrant workers has become the main force of internal migration in China. The present paper comprehensively explores the profiles of t...Three decades since the first wave of rural-urban migration, the new generation of migrant workers has become the main force of internal migration in China. The present paper comprehensively explores the profiles of the new generation of migrant workers in urban China. We find that the ＂new generation＂ migrants are more educated and skilled, and are likely to work in manufacturing and service industries than in the construction industry. Moreover, they tend to allocate more time to non-farm activities and have more months away from home per year in urban areas. In contrast to their predecessors, they tend to migrate to urban areas with their spouses, consume more in urban areas and send less money back home. Our findings suggest that the differences in features between the new generation of rural migrants and urban residents have become smaller and the integration of rural migrants into urban China has taken place gradually.展开更多
The unique two-stage "Chinese path" of China’s ru-ral-urban migration, which cannot be fully explained by classical theories of economic development, makes us to give peasant workers’ transformation to urb...The unique two-stage "Chinese path" of China’s ru-ral-urban migration, which cannot be fully explained by classical theories of economic development, makes us to give peasant workers’ transformation to urban residents a top priority. On the basis of fully explaining peasant workers’ transformation to urban residents, a method for measuring its process has been advanced and then confirmed with the data of March in 2005 from surveys to peasant workers in Wuhan. Finally, the suggestions of acceler-ating peasant workers’ transformation to urban residents to pro-mote the construction of a harmonious society have been drawn from the analysis.展开更多
Background: Risky sexual behaviors are the major factors in rising sexually transmitted infections among adolescents and young adults. In Ethiopia construction industry is on increasing and deriving young people from ...Background: Risky sexual behaviors are the major factors in rising sexually transmitted infections among adolescents and young adults. In Ethiopia construction industry is on increasing and deriving young people from rural area to the cities. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of risky sexual behaviour and factors associated with among construction workers. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in March 2012 among construction workers in Bahir Dar city. The analysis was carried out using SPSS version 16. The data were analyzed in bivariate and multivariate logistic regression. Result: The prevalence of risky sexual behavior among construction workers was 44.9%. Female workers were about four times more likely to have had risky sexual practices than males (AOR = 3.86, 95% CI: 2.34 - 6.37). Respondents whose educational level less than fourth grade were 12 times more likely to be engaged in risky sex than whose educational level tenth grade or more (AOR = 12.13, 95% CI: 1.84 - 79.78). Divorced individuals were about five times more likely to have had risky sexual activities than married individuals (AOR = 4.63, 95% CI: 1.32 - 16.12). Respondents whose first sexual commencement from 15 - 19 years were about three times more likely to have had risky sexual behavior than from 20 - 24 years (AOR = 2.89, 95% CI: 1.70 - 4.91). Besides, the odds of having risky sexual behaviour among construction workers who had sexual partner at the time of the study were about 0.6 times less likely to have had risky sexual behaviours than workers who did not have (AOR = 0.6, 95% CI: 0.38, 0.96). Conclusion: The prevalence of risky sexual behavior among construction workers was 44.9%. Variables such as sex, educational level, marital status, age at first sexual intercourse, presence of current sexual partner and casual sex were found to be independent predictors of risky sexual behaviour. Therefore, interventions targeting on these factors were recommended.展开更多
Based on China urban labor survey data of 2016, this paper investigates the differences in consumption level and structure between the new and previous generation rural migrant workers in China and identifies the dete...Based on China urban labor survey data of 2016, this paper investigates the differences in consumption level and structure between the new and previous generation rural migrant workers in China and identifies the determinants of migrant workers' consumption. According to descriptive analysis, the new-generation migrant workers' households spend 26% more on an annual per capita basis compared with their previous generation. More specifically, the new-generation migrant workers' households spend 33% more on clothing, food, housing and travel, and 10% more on healthcare on an annual per capita basis compared with their previous generation, while their per capita spending on education is only 73% that of their previous generation. Result of regression analysis shows that with other factors under control, the new-generation migrant workers' households spend 14.9% more on clothing, food, housing and travel compared with their previous generation, and their per capita gross consumption is 10.9% higher than that of their previous generation. Consumption elasticity for clothing, food, housing and travel among the new-generation migrant workers' households and their overall consumption elasticity are both significantly higher than those of the previous generation migrant workers' households. Compared with their previous generation, the spending of the new-generation migrant workers' households on clothing, food, housing and travel represents a higher share of their overall consumption, and the share of their educational consumption is even lower.展开更多
In the process of rapid industrialization and urbanization,the phenomenon of migrant workers’return accompanied its flow is attracting more and more attention of scholars.Based on the sampling data of 529 migrant wor...In the process of rapid industrialization and urbanization,the phenomenon of migrant workers’return accompanied its flow is attracting more and more attention of scholars.Based on the sampling data of 529 migrant workers’return questionnaires,statistical analysis and binary logistic model were used to analyze the return location choice and influencing factors of migrant workers.The study found that the village,the local township and the local county seat are the main choices for the inter-provincial migrant workers of return location.The local township and the local county seat are also the preferred locations for migrant workers to return to business,while in the city and other city are less migrant workers.The main mechanism for the choice of migrant workers of return location is the balance between the family and the economic benefits.The main factors affecting the choice of rural migrant workers’return location are the age of migrant workers,the number of primary and secondary school students,the number of migrant workers,and the per capita cultivated area.The mobility and return of migrant workers are actually the location choices and changes of migrant workers in geospatial space,which depends on the sticky size of different locations.展开更多
Studies on long-term wage levels of rural migrant workers are rarely found in relevant literature. On the basis of systematic collection of statistical data, this paper gives a quantitative estimation of the wage leve...Studies on long-term wage levels of rural migrant workers are rarely found in relevant literature. On the basis of systematic collection of statistical data, this paper gives a quantitative estimation of the wage level of rural migrant workers in China and its evolution following pro market reforms since 1978. Results indicate that over the past 30 years, the nominal monetary wage of migrant workers maintained a 10% average annual increase. Real wage levels adjusted by the consumer price index （CPI） experienced three stages of evolution： initially, migrant workers earned a higher average monetary salary than formal employees, whereas this situation reversed in later stages.展开更多
文摘Based on China's special conditions and characteristics of specific group of new-generation migrant workers,this article researches connotation of employment ability of new-generation migrant workers in China,that is,the connotation of employment ability of new-generation migrant workers in China should include four aspects:professional knowledge and skills,learning capacity,adaptability and environmental force.On this basis,through the analysis of indicators concerning connotation of employment ability,we get the overall characteristics of employment ability of new-generation migrant workers in China and reason responsible for its serious weakness.Finally we put forward corresponding countermeasures as follows:impart professional knowledge and skills;promote learning capacity;foster adaptive capacity;improve employment environment.
基金Supported by Youth Fund Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(4140117641201114+5 种基金41501182)Research Project of Zhejiang Provincial Department of Education(Y201432214)Key Humanities and Social Science Research Project of Zhejiang Gongshang University(JYTyyjj20130105)New Starting Point Project of Beijing Union University(ZK10201406)Hangzhou Philosophy and Social Sciences Planning Project(A12YJ04)Research Project of Zhejiang Association of Social Sciences(2013N077)
文摘New-generation migrant workers are the " elite" among migrant workers,and whether they can really adapt to the city is one of the real problems to be urgently solved during China's new urbanization,related to the success of new urbanization construction. From the perspective of livelihood capital,this paper uses the measuring indicators in line with the new-generation migrant workers' livelihood characteristics,to analyze the typical characteristics and causes of new-generation migrant workers' urban adaptation in Jianggan District of Hangzhou City based on field survey data. In the study,it is found that the new-generation migrant workers' urban adaptation characteristics are focused on life adaptation,work adaptation and cultural adaptation,but the adaptation in the three areas is not good and there is a big room for improvement.
文摘The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development explicitly and specifically includes migration in the global development agenda for the first time, and establishes relevant targets, including promoting regular migration and protecting the rights of migrant workers. These targets are significant achievements of the United Nations in promoting the topic “Migration and Development” and strengthening the human rights-based global migration governance.However, there are many difficulties in achieving these targets, especially when the rights of regular and irregular migration are undermining national sovereignty and security, or are not in line with national development needs. With the continued spread of the CoVID-19pandemic, rising tensions among major powers, and the prevalence of populism and anti-foreigner sentiment in the West, the process of migration and development has been seriously influenced, and the divergent positions and conflicting interests of countries have pushed the migration targets further out of reach. However, in the long run,exploration in this area will help promote global economic recovery in the post-pandemic era and benefit all parties from the positive interactions of migration, development, and human rights.
文摘Three decades since the first wave of rural-urban migration, the new generation of migrant workers has become the main force of internal migration in China. The present paper comprehensively explores the profiles of the new generation of migrant workers in urban China. We find that the ＂new generation＂ migrants are more educated and skilled, and are likely to work in manufacturing and service industries than in the construction industry. Moreover, they tend to allocate more time to non-farm activities and have more months away from home per year in urban areas. In contrast to their predecessors, they tend to migrate to urban areas with their spouses, consume more in urban areas and send less money back home. Our findings suggest that the differences in features between the new generation of rural migrants and urban residents have become smaller and the integration of rural migrants into urban China has taken place gradually.
文摘The unique two-stage "Chinese path" of China’s ru-ral-urban migration, which cannot be fully explained by classical theories of economic development, makes us to give peasant workers’ transformation to urban residents a top priority. On the basis of fully explaining peasant workers’ transformation to urban residents, a method for measuring its process has been advanced and then confirmed with the data of March in 2005 from surveys to peasant workers in Wuhan. Finally, the suggestions of acceler-ating peasant workers’ transformation to urban residents to pro-mote the construction of a harmonious society have been drawn from the analysis.
文摘Background: Risky sexual behaviors are the major factors in rising sexually transmitted infections among adolescents and young adults. In Ethiopia construction industry is on increasing and deriving young people from rural area to the cities. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of risky sexual behaviour and factors associated with among construction workers. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in March 2012 among construction workers in Bahir Dar city. The analysis was carried out using SPSS version 16. The data were analyzed in bivariate and multivariate logistic regression. Result: The prevalence of risky sexual behavior among construction workers was 44.9%. Female workers were about four times more likely to have had risky sexual practices than males (AOR = 3.86, 95% CI: 2.34 - 6.37). Respondents whose educational level less than fourth grade were 12 times more likely to be engaged in risky sex than whose educational level tenth grade or more (AOR = 12.13, 95% CI: 1.84 - 79.78). Divorced individuals were about five times more likely to have had risky sexual activities than married individuals (AOR = 4.63, 95% CI: 1.32 - 16.12). Respondents whose first sexual commencement from 15 - 19 years were about three times more likely to have had risky sexual behavior than from 20 - 24 years (AOR = 2.89, 95% CI: 1.70 - 4.91). Besides, the odds of having risky sexual behaviour among construction workers who had sexual partner at the time of the study were about 0.6 times less likely to have had risky sexual behaviours than workers who did not have (AOR = 0.6, 95% CI: 0.38, 0.96). Conclusion: The prevalence of risky sexual behavior among construction workers was 44.9%. Variables such as sex, educational level, marital status, age at first sexual intercourse, presence of current sexual partner and casual sex were found to be independent predictors of risky sexual behaviour. Therefore, interventions targeting on these factors were recommended.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC) Project "Industrial Relations Governance during the Lewis Turning Point Period"(Grant No.:71473267)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC) Project "Human Capital Accumulation in the Supply-side Structural Reform"(Grant No.:71642003)
文摘Based on China urban labor survey data of 2016, this paper investigates the differences in consumption level and structure between the new and previous generation rural migrant workers in China and identifies the determinants of migrant workers' consumption. According to descriptive analysis, the new-generation migrant workers' households spend 26% more on an annual per capita basis compared with their previous generation. More specifically, the new-generation migrant workers' households spend 33% more on clothing, food, housing and travel, and 10% more on healthcare on an annual per capita basis compared with their previous generation, while their per capita spending on education is only 73% that of their previous generation. Result of regression analysis shows that with other factors under control, the new-generation migrant workers' households spend 14.9% more on clothing, food, housing and travel compared with their previous generation, and their per capita gross consumption is 10.9% higher than that of their previous generation. Consumption elasticity for clothing, food, housing and travel among the new-generation migrant workers' households and their overall consumption elasticity are both significantly higher than those of the previous generation migrant workers' households. Compared with their previous generation, the spending of the new-generation migrant workers' households on clothing, food, housing and travel represents a higher share of their overall consumption, and the share of their educational consumption is even lower.
文摘In the process of rapid industrialization and urbanization,the phenomenon of migrant workers’return accompanied its flow is attracting more and more attention of scholars.Based on the sampling data of 529 migrant workers’return questionnaires,statistical analysis and binary logistic model were used to analyze the return location choice and influencing factors of migrant workers.The study found that the village,the local township and the local county seat are the main choices for the inter-provincial migrant workers of return location.The local township and the local county seat are also the preferred locations for migrant workers to return to business,while in the city and other city are less migrant workers.The main mechanism for the choice of migrant workers of return location is the balance between the family and the economic benefits.The main factors affecting the choice of rural migrant workers’return location are the age of migrant workers,the number of primary and secondary school students,the number of migrant workers,and the per capita cultivated area.The mobility and return of migrant workers are actually the location choices and changes of migrant workers in geospatial space,which depends on the sticky size of different locations.
文摘Studies on long-term wage levels of rural migrant workers are rarely found in relevant literature. On the basis of systematic collection of statistical data, this paper gives a quantitative estimation of the wage level of rural migrant workers in China and its evolution following pro market reforms since 1978. Results indicate that over the past 30 years, the nominal monetary wage of migrant workers maintained a 10% average annual increase. Real wage levels adjusted by the consumer price index （CPI） experienced three stages of evolution： initially, migrant workers earned a higher average monetary salary than formal employees, whereas this situation reversed in later stages.
