AC and DC breakdown tests were performed on large populations of oil-impregnated pressboard samples. The effect of voltage ramp rate on dielectric strength has been investigated. A statistical analysis of breakdown da...AC and DC breakdown tests were performed on large populations of oil-impregnated pressboard samples. The effect of voltage ramp rate on dielectric strength has been investigated. A statistical analysis of breakdown data was carried out using the Weibull distribution. The 90% confidence intervals of Weibull graphs were calculated. The study shows that dielectric strength and shape parameter change versus ramp rate. The variations are attributed to the size and number of defects. Discharges occur from the oil to the oil-pressboard interface and lead to breakdown. DC dielectric strength is larger than that corresponding to AC voltage. This is ascribed to the dissipated energy difference under the two types of field and the fatigue produced by the alternating voltage. This phenomenon is related to space charge. Under DC stress, dielectric strength is higher under negative polarity. It is assigned to the different quantities of space charge accumulated under the two polarities.展开更多
Due to the complexity of the valve side winding voltage of the converter transformer, the insulation characteristics of the oil-impregnated pressboard(OIP) of the converter transformer are different from those of the ...Due to the complexity of the valve side winding voltage of the converter transformer, the insulation characteristics of the oil-impregnated pressboard(OIP) of the converter transformer are different from those of the traditional AC transformer. The study on effect of temperature on the creeping discharge characteristics of OIP under combined AC–DC voltage is seriously inadequate. Therefore, this paper investigates the characteristics of OIP creepage discharge under combined AC–DC voltage and discusses the influence of temperature on creepage discharge characteristics under different temperatures from 70 °C to 110 °C. The experimental results show that the partial discharge inception voltage and flashover voltage decrease with increasing temperature. The times of low amplitude discharge(LAD) decrease and amplitude of LAD increases. Simultaneously, the times of high amplitude discharge(HAD) gradually increase at each stage of creepage discharge with higher temperature. The analysis indicates that the charge carriers easily accumulate and quickly migrate directional movement along the electric field ahead of discharging. The residual charge carriers are more easily dissipated after discharging.The ‘hump’ region of LAD moves to the direction of higher discharge magnitude. The interval time between two continuous discharges is shortened obviously. The concentration of HAD accelerates the development of OIP insulation creepage discharge. The temperature had an accelerating effect on the development of discharge in the OIP under applying voltage.展开更多
Oil-impregnated porous polyimide(iPPI)materials are usually used as retainer for bearings.In these bearings,balls and rings,balls and retainers are two different kinds of contact.In this paper,the friction and wear pr...Oil-impregnated porous polyimide(iPPI)materials are usually used as retainer for bearings.In these bearings,balls and rings,balls and retainers are two different kinds of contact.In this paper,the friction and wear properties of iPPI were investigated using steel(disc)–steel(ball)–iPPI(pin)double-contact friction test rig for simulating the actual contact in bearings.The results show that compared with that of iPPI–steel single contact,the friction coefficient of iPPI–steel in double contacts is lower and decreases with the amount of additional oil.The surface of iPPI in single contact suffers more wear compared with that in double contacts.Different from single contact,the worn surfaces of iPPI in double contacts are blackened.The Raman spectra of worn surfaces of balls and discs indicate thatα-Fe_(2)O_(3) and Fe_(3)O_(4) were formed during rubbing of the double contacts.Many nanoscale iron oxide particles are found on the worn surfaces of iPPI in double contacts;on the contrary,few particles could be found on the surface in single contact.In double-contact friction,the nanoscale wear debris penetrates inside the iPPI material through the process of extruding and recycling of oil,which is the mechanism of the blackening of the iPPI worn surfaces.The studies show that the double-contact friction method is a new and effective method to study the friction in bearings,especially for those with polymer retainer.展开更多
为研究纸板劣化对其极化去极化电流(polarization and depolarization currents,PDC)特性的影响,在实验室内对油浸变压器绝缘纸板进行加速热老化,在不同老化阶段取出纸板试品,对不同老化状态的纸板进行石油醚萃取变压器油和真空干燥处...为研究纸板劣化对其极化去极化电流(polarization and depolarization currents,PDC)特性的影响,在实验室内对油浸变压器绝缘纸板进行加速热老化,在不同老化阶段取出纸板试品,对不同老化状态的纸板进行石油醚萃取变压器油和真空干燥处理。为了表征绝缘纸板的老化状态,对各老化阶段的纸板采用粘度法测量聚合度,并使用扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)观察纤维素表面的微观结构及破坏状况。在同一温度下,对干燥后不同老化状态的纸板分别进行真空中和新变压器油浸渍条件下的PDC测量。结果表明,随着老化时间的延长,纸板聚合度下降,纤维表面微观结构破坏明显。纸板劣化造成真空中和油浸渍的纸板极化去极化电流显著增大,电导率增加,并导致其绝缘电阻降低,吸收比减小。因此,对于油纸绝缘,除老化产生的水分外,纸板劣化本身也将导致纸板电导率的增大,并显著影响其极化去极化电流的测量结果。展开更多
文摘AC and DC breakdown tests were performed on large populations of oil-impregnated pressboard samples. The effect of voltage ramp rate on dielectric strength has been investigated. A statistical analysis of breakdown data was carried out using the Weibull distribution. The 90% confidence intervals of Weibull graphs were calculated. The study shows that dielectric strength and shape parameter change versus ramp rate. The variations are attributed to the size and number of defects. Discharges occur from the oil to the oil-pressboard interface and lead to breakdown. DC dielectric strength is larger than that corresponding to AC voltage. This is ascribed to the dissipated energy difference under the two types of field and the fatigue produced by the alternating voltage. This phenomenon is related to space charge. Under DC stress, dielectric strength is higher under negative polarity. It is assigned to the different quantities of space charge accumulated under the two polarities.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Qinghai Province(No.2016-ZJ-925Q)Chinese National Programs for Fundamental Research(No.2011CB209400)
文摘Due to the complexity of the valve side winding voltage of the converter transformer, the insulation characteristics of the oil-impregnated pressboard(OIP) of the converter transformer are different from those of the traditional AC transformer. The study on effect of temperature on the creeping discharge characteristics of OIP under combined AC–DC voltage is seriously inadequate. Therefore, this paper investigates the characteristics of OIP creepage discharge under combined AC–DC voltage and discusses the influence of temperature on creepage discharge characteristics under different temperatures from 70 °C to 110 °C. The experimental results show that the partial discharge inception voltage and flashover voltage decrease with increasing temperature. The times of low amplitude discharge(LAD) decrease and amplitude of LAD increases. Simultaneously, the times of high amplitude discharge(HAD) gradually increase at each stage of creepage discharge with higher temperature. The analysis indicates that the charge carriers easily accumulate and quickly migrate directional movement along the electric field ahead of discharging. The residual charge carriers are more easily dissipated after discharging.The ‘hump’ region of LAD moves to the direction of higher discharge magnitude. The interval time between two continuous discharges is shortened obviously. The concentration of HAD accelerates the development of OIP insulation creepage discharge. The temperature had an accelerating effect on the development of discharge in the OIP under applying voltage.
基金This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.LY21E050003)Science and Technology Innovation 2025 Major Project of Ningbo(No.2019B10078).
文摘Oil-impregnated porous polyimide(iPPI)materials are usually used as retainer for bearings.In these bearings,balls and rings,balls and retainers are two different kinds of contact.In this paper,the friction and wear properties of iPPI were investigated using steel(disc)–steel(ball)–iPPI(pin)double-contact friction test rig for simulating the actual contact in bearings.The results show that compared with that of iPPI–steel single contact,the friction coefficient of iPPI–steel in double contacts is lower and decreases with the amount of additional oil.The surface of iPPI in single contact suffers more wear compared with that in double contacts.Different from single contact,the worn surfaces of iPPI in double contacts are blackened.The Raman spectra of worn surfaces of balls and discs indicate thatα-Fe_(2)O_(3) and Fe_(3)O_(4) were formed during rubbing of the double contacts.Many nanoscale iron oxide particles are found on the worn surfaces of iPPI in double contacts;on the contrary,few particles could be found on the surface in single contact.In double-contact friction,the nanoscale wear debris penetrates inside the iPPI material through the process of extruding and recycling of oil,which is the mechanism of the blackening of the iPPI worn surfaces.The studies show that the double-contact friction method is a new and effective method to study the friction in bearings,especially for those with polymer retainer.
文摘为研究纸板劣化对其极化去极化电流(polarization and depolarization currents,PDC)特性的影响,在实验室内对油浸变压器绝缘纸板进行加速热老化,在不同老化阶段取出纸板试品,对不同老化状态的纸板进行石油醚萃取变压器油和真空干燥处理。为了表征绝缘纸板的老化状态,对各老化阶段的纸板采用粘度法测量聚合度,并使用扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)观察纤维素表面的微观结构及破坏状况。在同一温度下,对干燥后不同老化状态的纸板分别进行真空中和新变压器油浸渍条件下的PDC测量。结果表明,随着老化时间的延长,纸板聚合度下降,纤维表面微观结构破坏明显。纸板劣化造成真空中和油浸渍的纸板极化去极化电流显著增大,电导率增加,并导致其绝缘电阻降低,吸收比减小。因此,对于油纸绝缘,除老化产生的水分外,纸板劣化本身也将导致纸板电导率的增大,并显著影响其极化去极化电流的测量结果。
