BACKGROUND Reactivation of hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is a well-known risk that can occur spontaneously or following immunosuppressive therapies,including cancer chemotherapy.HBV reactivation can cause significan...BACKGROUND Reactivation of hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is a well-known risk that can occur spontaneously or following immunosuppressive therapies,including cancer chemotherapy.HBV reactivation can cause significant morbidity and even mortality,which are preventable if at-risk individuals are identified through screening and started on antiviral prophylaxis.AIM To determine the prevalence of chronic HBV(CHB)and occult HBV infection(OBI)among oncology and hematology-oncology patients undergoing chemo-therapy.METHODS In this observational study,the prevalence of CHB and OBI was assessed among patients receiving chemotherapy.Serological markers of HBV infection[hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)/anti-hepatitis B core antigen(HBc)]were evaluated for all patients.HBV DNA levels were assessed in those who tested negative for HBsAg but positive for total anti-HBc.RESULTS The prevalence of CHB in the study cohort was determined to be 2.3%[95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.0-4.2].Additionally,the prevalence of OBI among the study participants was found to be 0.8%(95%CI:0.2-2.3).CONCLUSION The findings of this study highlight the importance of screening for hepatitis B infection in oncology and hematology-oncology patients undergoing chemotherapy.Identifying individuals with CHB and OBI is crucial for implementing appropriate antiviral prophylaxis to prevent the reactivation of HBV infection,which can lead to increased morbidity and mortality.展开更多
Objective:Currently,it is difficult to determine whether a comprehensive and systematic community-based cancer care project is properly implemented.The purpose of this article is to present the current status and pros...Objective:Currently,it is difficult to determine whether a comprehensive and systematic community-based cancer care project is properly implemented.The purpose of this article is to present the current status and prospects of community-based oncology nursing by reviewing related literature.Methods:A new cancer care model was established through the analysis of existing models and a literature review of community-based cancer prevention,cancer screening,cancer survivor care,and cancer patient hospice care.Results:The Comprehensive Cancer Care Model(CCCM)was esrablished.The CCCM organizes the stages of cancer treatment and the cancer journey on the horizontal axis.On the vertical axis,public health centers,oncology hospitals,cancer convalescent hospitals,primary care physicians,and prayer centers were involved.The levels of participation of human resources among institutions and the degree of interconnection between organizations was observed.Conclusion:It is expected that CCCM will be used for holistic,sustainable,and cost-effective cancer management.In community-based oncology nursing,the team of health promotion nurses in public health centers is in charge of population-based cancer prevention and early detection programs,while the visiting health management team of nurses is in charge of individual-based cancer survivor and hospice programs.展开更多
The field of exercise-oncology has evolved significantly over the past 30 years.Numerous studies have examined the role of structured exercise interventions—often incorporating aerobic or resistance training at moder...The field of exercise-oncology has evolved significantly over the past 30 years.Numerous studies have examined the role of structured exercise interventions—often incorporating aerobic or resistance training at moderate-to-vigorous intensities,sometimes in conjunction with multi-modal strategies—for individuals living with and beyond cancer.展开更多
To present the advances of evidence-based medicine and clinical research methodology in integrative oncology,we conducted a literature review of real-world studies of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in cancer care an...To present the advances of evidence-based medicine and clinical research methodology in integrative oncology,we conducted a literature review of real-world studies of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in cancer care and summarized the available evidence.Pragmatic randomized controlled trials(pRCTs)and clinical registry studies are becoming more popular as they could compensate for the limitations of RCTs.Many RCTs of TCM for cancer treatment as well as systematic reviews have been published.The most investigated therapies are based on acupuncture,Chinese herbal compounds,and Chinese patent medicines.Acupuncture has a significant advantage in relieving cancer-related symptoms.Published studies focus more on improving clinical symptoms and laboratory indicators.However,the patient's quality of life deserves more attention.展开更多
Central nervous system(CNS)infections are urgent conditions with high morbidity and mortality.Bacteria,viruses,parasites or fungi can cause them.Intracranial infections after craniotomies are an important complication...Central nervous system(CNS)infections are urgent conditions with high morbidity and mortality.Bacteria,viruses,parasites or fungi can cause them.Intracranial infections after craniotomies are an important complication of treatment,especially in oncological patients that are already immunologically compromised due to the disease and treatment.The consequence of CNS infections in oncological patients includes longer treatment with antibiotics,additional surgical procedures,higher treatment costs and poorer treatment outcomes.Additionally,the management of primary pathology may be prolonged or postponed as a result of the active infection.By introducing new and improved protocols,tightening controls on their implementation,constantly educating the entire team involved in patient treatment and educating both patients and relatives,the incidence of infections can be reduced effectively.展开更多
Background: The world of cancer care is an emotional place, given the severity of the disease being treated, the heavy workload, the suffering of patients, and the high number of deaths. The nursing staff who work the...Background: The world of cancer care is an emotional place, given the severity of the disease being treated, the heavy workload, the suffering of patients, and the high number of deaths. The nursing staff who work there may be exposed to constant stress from these factors. This study aimed to explore the psychological experience of the nursing staff of the Medical Oncology Department of the Yaoundé General Hospital. Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study, in June 2017, involving the nursing staff of the Medical Oncology Department of the Yaoundé General Hospital. Results: Sixteen out of 18 nurses were interviewed. All had worked in at least one other department prior to Oncology. The number of years of experience in Oncology ranged from less than one year to 13 years. The choice of the Oncology department was involuntary for 100% of the staff;of these, 62% had intentions of changing departments. Twenty-five percent had applied for a change of department, which was unsuccessful. Stress was expressed by 94% of the staff;93% thought that there was a solution to the stress experienced on a daily basis in the Oncology department. The main solutions proposed to manage this stress were: support for the staff, provision of work materials, and staff training. Conclusion: The nursing staff of the Medical Oncology Department of the Yaoundé General Hospital experiences a high level of stress and are in need of solutions.展开更多
Background: Cancer patients suffer physical, psychological, spiritual, and social pains, especially in the advanced stage. Nurses spend more time with patients than any other healthcare team member. This study aimed t...Background: Cancer patients suffer physical, psychological, spiritual, and social pains, especially in the advanced stage. Nurses spend more time with patients than any other healthcare team member. This study aimed to assess nurses’ behavior and care experiences in patients with advanced cancer and explore patients’ perceptions of nursing care. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with eight nurses and thirty patients with advanced cancer hospitalized in the oncology unit at Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital of Lomé from July to August 2020. Results: The mean age of nurses was 34.3 years ranging from 23 to 48 years. There were five men (62.5%) and three women (37.5%). The mean duration of working in oncology nursing of all was less than two years. Only one nurse has training in palliative care. Stress (100%), sadness (100%), and fear (50%) were the most frequently expressed feeling of nurses. The frequently expressed difficulties were the lack of training in palliative care (87.5%), insufficiency of nursing staff (75%), and helplessness in front of the patient’s distress (75%). Among the thirty patients, were 22 women (72.7%) and 8 men (27.3%). The needs expressed by the patients were psychological support (n = 11;36.7%), pain relief (n = 10;33.3%), and moral support (n = 9;30%). Most of the patients (73.3%) affirmed that nurses did not inform them well about their disease. Three (10%) were very satisfied with the care provided, 23 patients (76.7%) were satisfied and 4 (13.3%) were unsatisfied. Conclusion: This study revealed that nursing care in Togolese patients with cancer faces many difficulties and there is a need for providing specialized oncology nursing.展开更多
Background: The PET/CT imaging studies have two doses components the dose from the PET radiopharmaceutical and the other from the low dose CT used for PET images attenuation correction. We have one PET/CT scanner at o...Background: The PET/CT imaging studies have two doses components the dose from the PET radiopharmaceutical and the other from the low dose CT used for PET images attenuation correction. We have one PET/CT scanner at our institution a Philips Time of Flight scanner. Our local patient’s radiation protection rules requires continuous assessment of radiation doses delivered to our patients. Purposes: The objectives of this study are to develop a weight- based facility DRLs for paediatric F-18-FDG PET-CT imaging for oncology in a large tertiary hospital and to determine whether the calculated DRLs compares with internationally published DRLs. Materials & Methods: Radiation dose data and patient demographics of two-hundreds and sixteen paediatric PET-CT oncology patients imaging procedures from one large tertiary hospital were selected and analysed in order to establish a facility paediatric DRLs. Statistical analysis was performed. Results: The PET dose reference levels ranged between [62 - 525] MBq of injected activity for a range of pediatric age groups. The CTDI<sub>vol</sub> values were between 3.5 and 16.5 mGy for all age groups. Comparison with current EANM and SNMMI recommendations of patient’s dose are discussed. Conclusion: Our pediatric PET/CT reference levels are higher than the ones reported internationally with notable variations. .展开更多
Although the whole world has been suffering under the Coronavirus Disease 2019 epidemic,the World Journal of Clinical Oncology(WJCO)was able to productively direct our efforts in the field through 2020.This was only a...Although the whole world has been suffering under the Coronavirus Disease 2019 epidemic,the World Journal of Clinical Oncology(WJCO)was able to productively direct our efforts in the field through 2020.This was only accomplished through the collective efforts and support of our Editorial Board members,peer reviewers,authors,readers and editorial office staff.In 2020,the WJCO published 12 issues encompassing 84 papers,a 115.4%increase over 2019(39 papers).In December of 2020,we strategized a plan to solicit even more high-quality contributions for WJCO in 2021.So far,we have registered and accepted 188 manuscript titles,including 132 reviews and 56 original articles.In the New Year,we will work with our internal and external colleagues who care about and support the development of WJCO with the express aim of improving the academic rank of WJCO in the field of oncology.Ultimately,our goal is to merit and gain inclusion in the Science Citation Index Expanded,with the first impact factor being awarded as soon as possible.展开更多
Obesity is recognized as the second highest risk factor for cancer. The pathogenic mechanisms underlying tobaccorelated cancers are well characterized and efective programs have led to a decline in smoking and related...Obesity is recognized as the second highest risk factor for cancer. The pathogenic mechanisms underlying tobaccorelated cancers are well characterized and efective programs have led to a decline in smoking and related cancers, but there is a global epidemic of obesity without a clear understanding of how obesity causes cancer. Obesity is heterogeneous, and approximately 25% of obese individuals remain healthy(metabolically healthy obese, MHO), so which fat deposition(subcutaneous versus visceral, adipose versus ectopic) is "malignant"? What is the mechanism of carcinogenesis? Is it by metabolic dysregulation or chronic inflammation? Through which chemokines/genes/signaling pathways does adipose tissue influence carcinogenesis? Can selective inhibition of these pathways uncouple obesity from cancers? Do all obesity related cancers(ORCs) share a molecular signature? Are there common(overlapping) genetic loci that make individuals susceptible to obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cancers? Can we identify precursor lesions of ORCs and will early intervention of high risk individuals alter the natural history? It appears unlikely that the obesity epidemic will be controlled anytime soon; answers to these questions will help to reduce the adverse efect of obesity on human condition.展开更多
In the era of precision medicine,cancer researchers and oncologists are eagerly searching for more realistic,cost effective,and timely tumor models to aid drug development and precision oncology.Tumor models that can ...In the era of precision medicine,cancer researchers and oncologists are eagerly searching for more realistic,cost effective,and timely tumor models to aid drug development and precision oncology.Tumor models that can faithfully recapitulate the histological and molecular characteristics of various human tumors will be extremely valuable in increasing the successful rate of oncology drug development and discovering the most efficacious treatment regimen for cancer patients.Two‐dimensional(2D)cultured cancer cell lines,genetically engineered mouse tumor(GEMT)models,and patient‐derived tumor xenograft(PDTX)models have been widely used to investigate the biology of various types of cancers and test the efficacy of oncology drug candidates.However,due to either the failure to faithfully recapitulate the complexity of patient tumors in the case of 2D cultured cancer cells,or high cost and untimely for drug screening and testing in the case of GEMT and PDTX,new tumor models are urgently needed.The recently developed patient‐derived tumor organoids(PDTO)offer great potentials in uncovering novel biology of cancer development,accelerating the discovery of oncology drugs,and individualizing the treatment of cancers.In this review,we will summarize the recent progress in utilizing PDTO for oncology drug discovery.In addition,we will discuss the potentials and limitations of the current PDTO tumor models.展开更多
Gastrointestinal(GI)tumors,including liver,pancreatic,gastric,and colorectal cancers,have a high incidence rate and low survival rate due to the lack of effective therapeutic methods and frequent relapses.Surgery and ...Gastrointestinal(GI)tumors,including liver,pancreatic,gastric,and colorectal cancers,have a high incidence rate and low survival rate due to the lack of effective therapeutic methods and frequent relapses.Surgery and postoperative chemoradiotherapy have largely reduced the fatality rates for most GI tumors,but these therapeutic approaches result in poor prognoses due to severe adverse reactions and the development of drug resistance.Recent studies have shown that ferroptosis plays an important role in the onset and progression of GI tumors.Ferroptosis is a new non-apoptotic form of cell death,which is iron-dependent,non-apoptotic cell death characterized by the accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species(ROS).The activation of ferroptosis can lead to tumor cell death.Thus,regulating ferroptosis in tumor cells may become a new therapeutic approach for tumors,making it become a research hotspot.Current studies suggest that ferroptosis is mainly triggered by the accumulation of lipid ROS.Furthermore,several studies have indicated that ferroptosis may be a new approach for the treatment of GI tumors.Here,we review current research progress on the mechanism of ferroptosis,current inducers and inhibitors of ferroptosis,and the role of ferroptosis in GI tumors to propose new methods for the treatment of such tumors.展开更多
目的:本研究旨在分析Watson for Oncology在中国乳腺癌辅助诊治中的应用与医生MDT诊治的一致性,以及差异的可能原因。方法:于2017年1月至2018年1月收治早期乳腺癌患者92例和晚期乳腺癌患者40例。由乳腺癌MDT团队确定的治疗方案为医院方...目的:本研究旨在分析Watson for Oncology在中国乳腺癌辅助诊治中的应用与医生MDT诊治的一致性,以及差异的可能原因。方法:于2017年1月至2018年1月收治早期乳腺癌患者92例和晚期乳腺癌患者40例。由乳腺癌MDT团队确定的治疗方案为医院方案;根据患者的基本情况,采用Watson for Oncology 17.10版给予的治疗方案为Watson方案,评估两者方案的一致性并解析差异的可能原因。结果:医院方案与Watson方案一致共计101例,占76.51%。其中早期和晚期乳腺癌方案一致分别为73例和28例,分别占79.35%和70.00%。医院方案在Watson方案中的绿色推荐方案49例,占37.12%;橙色考虑方案52例,占39.39%;粉色不推荐方案26例,占19.70%;医院方案另有5例方案不在Watson方案中,占3.79%。Watson方案与医院方案在组织学Ⅲ期的患者中一致率最高,达到95.00%,三阴性乳腺癌无论早期还是晚期都表现出最高的一致率,分别为86.67%和100%。早期Luminal A和晚期HER2阳性型的医院方案在Watson绿色推荐方案占比较低,仅27.27%和0%。早期乳腺癌差异原因包括中低危复发风险的11例患者应用紫杉醇联合环磷酰胺(TC方案)和2例患者应用表柔比星联合环磷酰胺(EC方案),而Watson方案推荐为阿柔比星+环磷酰胺序贯紫杉醇(AC-T方案)和CMF方案(国内很少应用的方案)。HER2阳性不一致的是Watson推荐CMF+曲妥珠单抗方案,而医院方案考虑心脏毒性小而治疗疗效与AC-TH相似的TCb H方案。晚期不一致原因是CDK4/6抑制剂未在国内上市应用等。结论:医院方案和Watson方案在中国乳腺癌患者的辅助治疗和晚期一线治疗中一致性较好,但组织学分期和分子分型影响医院方案与Watson方案的一致率,需要实现本地化优化辅助治疗方案。展开更多
The liver is commonly affected by metastatic disease.Therefore,it is essential to detect and characterize liver metastases,assuming that patient management and prognosis rely on it.The imaging techniques that allow no...The liver is commonly affected by metastatic disease.Therefore,it is essential to detect and characterize liver metastases,assuming that patient management and prognosis rely on it.The imaging techniques that allow non-invasive assessment of liver metastases include ultrasonography,computed tomography(CT),magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),positron emission tomography(PET)/CT,and PET/MRI.In this paper,we review the imaging findings of liver metastases,focusing on each imaging modality’s advantages and potential limitations.We also assess the importance of different imaging modalities for the management,follow-up,and therapy response of liver metastases.To date,both CT and MRI are the most appropriate imaging methods for initial lesion detection,follow-up,and assessment of treatment response.Multiparametric MRI is frequently used as a problem-solving technique for liver lesions and has evolved substantially over the past decade,including hardware and software developments and specific intravenous contrast agents.Several studies have shown that MRI performs better in small-sized metastases and moderate to severe liver steatosis cases.Although state-of-the-art MRI shows a greater sensitivity for detecting and characterizing liver metastases,CT remains the chosen method.We also present the controversial subject of the"economic implication"to use CT over MRI.展开更多
Objective: This study aimed to describe construction and content validation of the Brazilian Questionnaire of Competencies of Oncology Nurses.Methods: The methodological research was constructed based on the literatur...Objective: This study aimed to describe construction and content validation of the Brazilian Questionnaire of Competencies of Oncology Nurses.Methods: The methodological research was constructed based on the literature and observation in Brazilian hospitals searching to identify local evidence in the nursing practice.After,the construction of the 30 items distributed in eight sub-dimensions of competencies,the instrument was tested the content validation by 7 experts and 61 oncology nurses.Item responses were analyzed through content validity index and Cronbach's α were used in this test pilot.Results: The content validity index of the scale was 0.90,and the content validity index of each item was 0.80-1.00.The mean of items varied between 4.98 (standard deviation =0.13) and 4.70 (standard deviation =0.53).The Cronbach's α of the instrument was 0.77.The Cronbach's α if each item was excluded ranged from 0.78 to 0.74,indicating consistency between items.Conclusion: The instrument is concise and clear,resulting in a valid content on test pilot in conducting a self-assessment the oncology nurses.It can be used to facilitate decision-making by identifying subdimensions that require attention in nursing education to improve patient care.展开更多
Infections are identified as the most common preventable cause of death in pediatric oncology patients.Assessing and stratifying risk of infections are essential to prevent infection in these patients.To date,no tool ...Infections are identified as the most common preventable cause of death in pediatric oncology patients.Assessing and stratifying risk of infections are essential to prevent infection in these patients.To date,no tool can fulfill this demand in China.This study aimed to develop a nursing work-based and Chinese-specific tool for pediatric nurses to assess risk of infection in oncology patients.This research was a modified Delphi study.Based on a literature review,a 37-item questionnaire rating on a 0-5 scale was developed.Twenty-four experts from 8 hospitals in 6 provinces of China were consulted for three rounds.Consensus for each item in the first round was defined as:the rating mean was > 3 and the coefficient of variation(CV) was < 0.5.Consensus for each item in the second round was defined as CV<0.3.Consensus among experts was defined as:P value of Kendall's coefficient of concordance(W)<0.05.After three rounds of consultation,a two-part tool was developed:the Immune Status Scale(ISS) and the Checklist of Risk Factors of Infection(CRFI).There were 5 items in the ISS and 14 in the CRFI.Based on the ISS score,nurses could stratify children into the low-risk and high-risk groups.For high-risk children,nurses should screen risk factors of infection every day by the CRFI,and twice weekly for low-risk children.Further study is needed to verify this tool's efficacy.展开更多
Results from several large epidemiological studies have firmly established that alcohol is associated with elevated cancer incidence and mortality. Recently the International Agency for Cancer Research stated that ace...Results from several large epidemiological studies have firmly established that alcohol is associated with elevated cancer incidence and mortality. Recently the International Agency for Cancer Research stated that acetaldehyde associated with alcoholic beverages is carcinogenic to humans and confirmed the Group 1 classification of alcohol consumption and of ethanol in alcoholic beverages. Alcohol consumption causes cancers of the oral cavity,pharynx,larynx,oesophagus,colorectum,liver,pancreas and female breast. The frequency of most alcohol-induced diseases increases in a linear fashion as intake increases: oral,oesophagus and colon cancer fall into this pattern. Very little is known about safe margins of alcohol consumption. US Department of Health and Human Services suggest a maximum of 28 g of alcohol a day in man and half of this in women.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the relationship between job burnout and professional value in oncology nurses.Methods:The Maslach Burnout Inventory(MBI)and the Nurse Professional Values Scale(NPVS)were administered to nurse...Objective:To investigate the relationship between job burnout and professional value in oncology nurses.Methods:The Maslach Burnout Inventory(MBI)and the Nurse Professional Values Scale(NPVS)were administered to nurses(n=328)at the Cancer Hospital of Jiangsu Province,China,and the correlation between job burnout and professional value was calculated.Results:The scores(mean±standard deviation)of emotional exhaustion(25.32±12.37),depersonalization(6.93±5.28),and personal accomplishment(30.25±8.96)were measured,indicating a high level of burnout among oncology nurses.Also measured,were the four domains of professional value:caring(36.39±5.73),actionist(21.17±4.85),responsibility freedom and safety(17.95±2.96),and reliability(11.44±1.98).Job burnout and caring were positively correlated(p<0.01),suggesting that caring was the number one concern of oncology nurses.Clinical implication:The prevalence of job burnout in oncology nurses is high,and this could be improved by increasing perception of professional value.It is urgent for managers to strengthen professional value education and to take strategies that reduce job burnout,which is important for the overall quality and safety of nursing.展开更多
Objective: To measure the levels of nurse’s knowledge and attitude after the conduct of education session regarding chemotherapy administration and management. Methodology: This research study was conducted at two on...Objective: To measure the levels of nurse’s knowledge and attitude after the conduct of education session regarding chemotherapy administration and management. Methodology: This research study was conducted at two oncology units of tertiary Hospital Rawalpindi. A prepost test intervention study design was used on 35 nurses by using Verity’s tools. Results: The mean scores of knowledge were calculated by Cochran’s Q test showed that knowledge scores have significantly increased with ‘educational training’ (p value < 0.001). The difference in the attitude of the nurses was not found to be statistically significant in repeated measure of ANOVA. Conclusion: The results show that knowledge is the weakest component and attitude is strongest component of oncology nurses ‘competencies in chemotherapy administration.展开更多
1.Arms and scopeChinese-German Journal of Clinical Oncology is an international professional academic periodical on oncology, being co-edited by China and Germany. The Journal, with the authors from around world, espe...1.Arms and scopeChinese-German Journal of Clinical Oncology is an international professional academic periodical on oncology, being co-edited by China and Germany. The Journal, with the authors from around world, especially from China, is dominated in introducing the clinical experience of diagnosis and treatment as well as leading scientific research achievement in the tumor domain, in addition to report basic theory researches that help instruct the clinical practice of oncology and closely connect with the discipline.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Reactivation of hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is a well-known risk that can occur spontaneously or following immunosuppressive therapies,including cancer chemotherapy.HBV reactivation can cause significant morbidity and even mortality,which are preventable if at-risk individuals are identified through screening and started on antiviral prophylaxis.AIM To determine the prevalence of chronic HBV(CHB)and occult HBV infection(OBI)among oncology and hematology-oncology patients undergoing chemo-therapy.METHODS In this observational study,the prevalence of CHB and OBI was assessed among patients receiving chemotherapy.Serological markers of HBV infection[hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)/anti-hepatitis B core antigen(HBc)]were evaluated for all patients.HBV DNA levels were assessed in those who tested negative for HBsAg but positive for total anti-HBc.RESULTS The prevalence of CHB in the study cohort was determined to be 2.3%[95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.0-4.2].Additionally,the prevalence of OBI among the study participants was found to be 0.8%(95%CI:0.2-2.3).CONCLUSION The findings of this study highlight the importance of screening for hepatitis B infection in oncology and hematology-oncology patients undergoing chemotherapy.Identifying individuals with CHB and OBI is crucial for implementing appropriate antiviral prophylaxis to prevent the reactivation of HBV infection,which can lead to increased morbidity and mortality.
文摘Objective:Currently,it is difficult to determine whether a comprehensive and systematic community-based cancer care project is properly implemented.The purpose of this article is to present the current status and prospects of community-based oncology nursing by reviewing related literature.Methods:A new cancer care model was established through the analysis of existing models and a literature review of community-based cancer prevention,cancer screening,cancer survivor care,and cancer patient hospice care.Results:The Comprehensive Cancer Care Model(CCCM)was esrablished.The CCCM organizes the stages of cancer treatment and the cancer journey on the horizontal axis.On the vertical axis,public health centers,oncology hospitals,cancer convalescent hospitals,primary care physicians,and prayer centers were involved.The levels of participation of human resources among institutions and the degree of interconnection between organizations was observed.Conclusion:It is expected that CCCM will be used for holistic,sustainable,and cost-effective cancer management.In community-based oncology nursing,the team of health promotion nurses in public health centers is in charge of population-based cancer prevention and early detection programs,while the visiting health management team of nurses is in charge of individual-based cancer survivor and hospice programs.
文摘The field of exercise-oncology has evolved significantly over the past 30 years.Numerous studies have examined the role of structured exercise interventions—often incorporating aerobic or resistance training at moderate-to-vigorous intensities,sometimes in conjunction with multi-modal strategies—for individuals living with and beyond cancer.
基金This study was supported by the Key Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81830115).
文摘To present the advances of evidence-based medicine and clinical research methodology in integrative oncology,we conducted a literature review of real-world studies of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in cancer care and summarized the available evidence.Pragmatic randomized controlled trials(pRCTs)and clinical registry studies are becoming more popular as they could compensate for the limitations of RCTs.Many RCTs of TCM for cancer treatment as well as systematic reviews have been published.The most investigated therapies are based on acupuncture,Chinese herbal compounds,and Chinese patent medicines.Acupuncture has a significant advantage in relieving cancer-related symptoms.Published studies focus more on improving clinical symptoms and laboratory indicators.However,the patient's quality of life deserves more attention.
文摘Central nervous system(CNS)infections are urgent conditions with high morbidity and mortality.Bacteria,viruses,parasites or fungi can cause them.Intracranial infections after craniotomies are an important complication of treatment,especially in oncological patients that are already immunologically compromised due to the disease and treatment.The consequence of CNS infections in oncological patients includes longer treatment with antibiotics,additional surgical procedures,higher treatment costs and poorer treatment outcomes.Additionally,the management of primary pathology may be prolonged or postponed as a result of the active infection.By introducing new and improved protocols,tightening controls on their implementation,constantly educating the entire team involved in patient treatment and educating both patients and relatives,the incidence of infections can be reduced effectively.
文摘Background: The world of cancer care is an emotional place, given the severity of the disease being treated, the heavy workload, the suffering of patients, and the high number of deaths. The nursing staff who work there may be exposed to constant stress from these factors. This study aimed to explore the psychological experience of the nursing staff of the Medical Oncology Department of the Yaoundé General Hospital. Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study, in June 2017, involving the nursing staff of the Medical Oncology Department of the Yaoundé General Hospital. Results: Sixteen out of 18 nurses were interviewed. All had worked in at least one other department prior to Oncology. The number of years of experience in Oncology ranged from less than one year to 13 years. The choice of the Oncology department was involuntary for 100% of the staff;of these, 62% had intentions of changing departments. Twenty-five percent had applied for a change of department, which was unsuccessful. Stress was expressed by 94% of the staff;93% thought that there was a solution to the stress experienced on a daily basis in the Oncology department. The main solutions proposed to manage this stress were: support for the staff, provision of work materials, and staff training. Conclusion: The nursing staff of the Medical Oncology Department of the Yaoundé General Hospital experiences a high level of stress and are in need of solutions.
文摘Background: Cancer patients suffer physical, psychological, spiritual, and social pains, especially in the advanced stage. Nurses spend more time with patients than any other healthcare team member. This study aimed to assess nurses’ behavior and care experiences in patients with advanced cancer and explore patients’ perceptions of nursing care. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with eight nurses and thirty patients with advanced cancer hospitalized in the oncology unit at Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital of Lomé from July to August 2020. Results: The mean age of nurses was 34.3 years ranging from 23 to 48 years. There were five men (62.5%) and three women (37.5%). The mean duration of working in oncology nursing of all was less than two years. Only one nurse has training in palliative care. Stress (100%), sadness (100%), and fear (50%) were the most frequently expressed feeling of nurses. The frequently expressed difficulties were the lack of training in palliative care (87.5%), insufficiency of nursing staff (75%), and helplessness in front of the patient’s distress (75%). Among the thirty patients, were 22 women (72.7%) and 8 men (27.3%). The needs expressed by the patients were psychological support (n = 11;36.7%), pain relief (n = 10;33.3%), and moral support (n = 9;30%). Most of the patients (73.3%) affirmed that nurses did not inform them well about their disease. Three (10%) were very satisfied with the care provided, 23 patients (76.7%) were satisfied and 4 (13.3%) were unsatisfied. Conclusion: This study revealed that nursing care in Togolese patients with cancer faces many difficulties and there is a need for providing specialized oncology nursing.
文摘Background: The PET/CT imaging studies have two doses components the dose from the PET radiopharmaceutical and the other from the low dose CT used for PET images attenuation correction. We have one PET/CT scanner at our institution a Philips Time of Flight scanner. Our local patient’s radiation protection rules requires continuous assessment of radiation doses delivered to our patients. Purposes: The objectives of this study are to develop a weight- based facility DRLs for paediatric F-18-FDG PET-CT imaging for oncology in a large tertiary hospital and to determine whether the calculated DRLs compares with internationally published DRLs. Materials & Methods: Radiation dose data and patient demographics of two-hundreds and sixteen paediatric PET-CT oncology patients imaging procedures from one large tertiary hospital were selected and analysed in order to establish a facility paediatric DRLs. Statistical analysis was performed. Results: The PET dose reference levels ranged between [62 - 525] MBq of injected activity for a range of pediatric age groups. The CTDI<sub>vol</sub> values were between 3.5 and 16.5 mGy for all age groups. Comparison with current EANM and SNMMI recommendations of patient’s dose are discussed. Conclusion: Our pediatric PET/CT reference levels are higher than the ones reported internationally with notable variations. .
文摘Although the whole world has been suffering under the Coronavirus Disease 2019 epidemic,the World Journal of Clinical Oncology(WJCO)was able to productively direct our efforts in the field through 2020.This was only accomplished through the collective efforts and support of our Editorial Board members,peer reviewers,authors,readers and editorial office staff.In 2020,the WJCO published 12 issues encompassing 84 papers,a 115.4%increase over 2019(39 papers).In December of 2020,we strategized a plan to solicit even more high-quality contributions for WJCO in 2021.So far,we have registered and accepted 188 manuscript titles,including 132 reviews and 56 original articles.In the New Year,we will work with our internal and external colleagues who care about and support the development of WJCO with the express aim of improving the academic rank of WJCO in the field of oncology.Ultimately,our goal is to merit and gain inclusion in the Science Citation Index Expanded,with the first impact factor being awarded as soon as possible.
文摘Obesity is recognized as the second highest risk factor for cancer. The pathogenic mechanisms underlying tobaccorelated cancers are well characterized and efective programs have led to a decline in smoking and related cancers, but there is a global epidemic of obesity without a clear understanding of how obesity causes cancer. Obesity is heterogeneous, and approximately 25% of obese individuals remain healthy(metabolically healthy obese, MHO), so which fat deposition(subcutaneous versus visceral, adipose versus ectopic) is "malignant"? What is the mechanism of carcinogenesis? Is it by metabolic dysregulation or chronic inflammation? Through which chemokines/genes/signaling pathways does adipose tissue influence carcinogenesis? Can selective inhibition of these pathways uncouple obesity from cancers? Do all obesity related cancers(ORCs) share a molecular signature? Are there common(overlapping) genetic loci that make individuals susceptible to obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cancers? Can we identify precursor lesions of ORCs and will early intervention of high risk individuals alter the natural history? It appears unlikely that the obesity epidemic will be controlled anytime soon; answers to these questions will help to reduce the adverse efect of obesity on human condition.
文摘In the era of precision medicine,cancer researchers and oncologists are eagerly searching for more realistic,cost effective,and timely tumor models to aid drug development and precision oncology.Tumor models that can faithfully recapitulate the histological and molecular characteristics of various human tumors will be extremely valuable in increasing the successful rate of oncology drug development and discovering the most efficacious treatment regimen for cancer patients.Two‐dimensional(2D)cultured cancer cell lines,genetically engineered mouse tumor(GEMT)models,and patient‐derived tumor xenograft(PDTX)models have been widely used to investigate the biology of various types of cancers and test the efficacy of oncology drug candidates.However,due to either the failure to faithfully recapitulate the complexity of patient tumors in the case of 2D cultured cancer cells,or high cost and untimely for drug screening and testing in the case of GEMT and PDTX,new tumor models are urgently needed.The recently developed patient‐derived tumor organoids(PDTO)offer great potentials in uncovering novel biology of cancer development,accelerating the discovery of oncology drugs,and individualizing the treatment of cancers.In this review,we will summarize the recent progress in utilizing PDTO for oncology drug discovery.In addition,we will discuss the potentials and limitations of the current PDTO tumor models.
基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,No.2020M670101ZXDoctoral Scientific Research Foundation of Liaoning Province,No.2019-BS-276+3 种基金Science and Technology Program of Shenyang,No.19-112-4-103Youth Support Foundation of China Medical University,No.QGZ2018058Scientific Fund of Shengjing Hospital,No.201801345 Talent Project of Shengjing Hospital,No.52-30C.
文摘Gastrointestinal(GI)tumors,including liver,pancreatic,gastric,and colorectal cancers,have a high incidence rate and low survival rate due to the lack of effective therapeutic methods and frequent relapses.Surgery and postoperative chemoradiotherapy have largely reduced the fatality rates for most GI tumors,but these therapeutic approaches result in poor prognoses due to severe adverse reactions and the development of drug resistance.Recent studies have shown that ferroptosis plays an important role in the onset and progression of GI tumors.Ferroptosis is a new non-apoptotic form of cell death,which is iron-dependent,non-apoptotic cell death characterized by the accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species(ROS).The activation of ferroptosis can lead to tumor cell death.Thus,regulating ferroptosis in tumor cells may become a new therapeutic approach for tumors,making it become a research hotspot.Current studies suggest that ferroptosis is mainly triggered by the accumulation of lipid ROS.Furthermore,several studies have indicated that ferroptosis may be a new approach for the treatment of GI tumors.Here,we review current research progress on the mechanism of ferroptosis,current inducers and inhibitors of ferroptosis,and the role of ferroptosis in GI tumors to propose new methods for the treatment of such tumors.
文摘目的:本研究旨在分析Watson for Oncology在中国乳腺癌辅助诊治中的应用与医生MDT诊治的一致性,以及差异的可能原因。方法:于2017年1月至2018年1月收治早期乳腺癌患者92例和晚期乳腺癌患者40例。由乳腺癌MDT团队确定的治疗方案为医院方案;根据患者的基本情况,采用Watson for Oncology 17.10版给予的治疗方案为Watson方案,评估两者方案的一致性并解析差异的可能原因。结果:医院方案与Watson方案一致共计101例,占76.51%。其中早期和晚期乳腺癌方案一致分别为73例和28例,分别占79.35%和70.00%。医院方案在Watson方案中的绿色推荐方案49例,占37.12%;橙色考虑方案52例,占39.39%;粉色不推荐方案26例,占19.70%;医院方案另有5例方案不在Watson方案中,占3.79%。Watson方案与医院方案在组织学Ⅲ期的患者中一致率最高,达到95.00%,三阴性乳腺癌无论早期还是晚期都表现出最高的一致率,分别为86.67%和100%。早期Luminal A和晚期HER2阳性型的医院方案在Watson绿色推荐方案占比较低,仅27.27%和0%。早期乳腺癌差异原因包括中低危复发风险的11例患者应用紫杉醇联合环磷酰胺(TC方案)和2例患者应用表柔比星联合环磷酰胺(EC方案),而Watson方案推荐为阿柔比星+环磷酰胺序贯紫杉醇(AC-T方案)和CMF方案(国内很少应用的方案)。HER2阳性不一致的是Watson推荐CMF+曲妥珠单抗方案,而医院方案考虑心脏毒性小而治疗疗效与AC-TH相似的TCb H方案。晚期不一致原因是CDK4/6抑制剂未在国内上市应用等。结论:医院方案和Watson方案在中国乳腺癌患者的辅助治疗和晚期一线治疗中一致性较好,但组织学分期和分子分型影响医院方案与Watson方案的一致率,需要实现本地化优化辅助治疗方案。
文摘The liver is commonly affected by metastatic disease.Therefore,it is essential to detect and characterize liver metastases,assuming that patient management and prognosis rely on it.The imaging techniques that allow non-invasive assessment of liver metastases include ultrasonography,computed tomography(CT),magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),positron emission tomography(PET)/CT,and PET/MRI.In this paper,we review the imaging findings of liver metastases,focusing on each imaging modality’s advantages and potential limitations.We also assess the importance of different imaging modalities for the management,follow-up,and therapy response of liver metastases.To date,both CT and MRI are the most appropriate imaging methods for initial lesion detection,follow-up,and assessment of treatment response.Multiparametric MRI is frequently used as a problem-solving technique for liver lesions and has evolved substantially over the past decade,including hardware and software developments and specific intravenous contrast agents.Several studies have shown that MRI performs better in small-sized metastases and moderate to severe liver steatosis cases.Although state-of-the-art MRI shows a greater sensitivity for detecting and characterizing liver metastases,CT remains the chosen method.We also present the controversial subject of the"economic implication"to use CT over MRI.
基金This study was financed by the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior-Brazil(CAPES)-Finance Code 001
文摘Objective: This study aimed to describe construction and content validation of the Brazilian Questionnaire of Competencies of Oncology Nurses.Methods: The methodological research was constructed based on the literature and observation in Brazilian hospitals searching to identify local evidence in the nursing practice.After,the construction of the 30 items distributed in eight sub-dimensions of competencies,the instrument was tested the content validation by 7 experts and 61 oncology nurses.Item responses were analyzed through content validity index and Cronbach's α were used in this test pilot.Results: The content validity index of the scale was 0.90,and the content validity index of each item was 0.80-1.00.The mean of items varied between 4.98 (standard deviation =0.13) and 4.70 (standard deviation =0.53).The Cronbach's α of the instrument was 0.77.The Cronbach's α if each item was excluded ranged from 0.78 to 0.74,indicating consistency between items.Conclusion: The instrument is concise and clear,resulting in a valid content on test pilot in conducting a self-assessment the oncology nurses.It can be used to facilitate decision-making by identifying subdimensions that require attention in nursing education to improve patient care.
基金supported by Nanjing Medical University(Grant Numbers:2012NJMU031 and 2013NJMU0027)the Education Department of Jiangsu Province(Grant Numbers:13KJB20014 and JX10617801)
文摘Infections are identified as the most common preventable cause of death in pediatric oncology patients.Assessing and stratifying risk of infections are essential to prevent infection in these patients.To date,no tool can fulfill this demand in China.This study aimed to develop a nursing work-based and Chinese-specific tool for pediatric nurses to assess risk of infection in oncology patients.This research was a modified Delphi study.Based on a literature review,a 37-item questionnaire rating on a 0-5 scale was developed.Twenty-four experts from 8 hospitals in 6 provinces of China were consulted for three rounds.Consensus for each item in the first round was defined as:the rating mean was > 3 and the coefficient of variation(CV) was < 0.5.Consensus for each item in the second round was defined as CV<0.3.Consensus among experts was defined as:P value of Kendall's coefficient of concordance(W)<0.05.After three rounds of consultation,a two-part tool was developed:the Immune Status Scale(ISS) and the Checklist of Risk Factors of Infection(CRFI).There were 5 items in the ISS and 14 in the CRFI.Based on the ISS score,nurses could stratify children into the low-risk and high-risk groups.For high-risk children,nurses should screen risk factors of infection every day by the CRFI,and twice weekly for low-risk children.Further study is needed to verify this tool's efficacy.
文摘Results from several large epidemiological studies have firmly established that alcohol is associated with elevated cancer incidence and mortality. Recently the International Agency for Cancer Research stated that acetaldehyde associated with alcoholic beverages is carcinogenic to humans and confirmed the Group 1 classification of alcohol consumption and of ethanol in alcoholic beverages. Alcohol consumption causes cancers of the oral cavity,pharynx,larynx,oesophagus,colorectum,liver,pancreas and female breast. The frequency of most alcohol-induced diseases increases in a linear fashion as intake increases: oral,oesophagus and colon cancer fall into this pattern. Very little is known about safe margins of alcohol consumption. US Department of Health and Human Services suggest a maximum of 28 g of alcohol a day in man and half of this in women.
文摘Objective:To investigate the relationship between job burnout and professional value in oncology nurses.Methods:The Maslach Burnout Inventory(MBI)and the Nurse Professional Values Scale(NPVS)were administered to nurses(n=328)at the Cancer Hospital of Jiangsu Province,China,and the correlation between job burnout and professional value was calculated.Results:The scores(mean±standard deviation)of emotional exhaustion(25.32±12.37),depersonalization(6.93±5.28),and personal accomplishment(30.25±8.96)were measured,indicating a high level of burnout among oncology nurses.Also measured,were the four domains of professional value:caring(36.39±5.73),actionist(21.17±4.85),responsibility freedom and safety(17.95±2.96),and reliability(11.44±1.98).Job burnout and caring were positively correlated(p<0.01),suggesting that caring was the number one concern of oncology nurses.Clinical implication:The prevalence of job burnout in oncology nurses is high,and this could be improved by increasing perception of professional value.It is urgent for managers to strengthen professional value education and to take strategies that reduce job burnout,which is important for the overall quality and safety of nursing.
文摘Objective: To measure the levels of nurse’s knowledge and attitude after the conduct of education session regarding chemotherapy administration and management. Methodology: This research study was conducted at two oncology units of tertiary Hospital Rawalpindi. A prepost test intervention study design was used on 35 nurses by using Verity’s tools. Results: The mean scores of knowledge were calculated by Cochran’s Q test showed that knowledge scores have significantly increased with ‘educational training’ (p value < 0.001). The difference in the attitude of the nurses was not found to be statistically significant in repeated measure of ANOVA. Conclusion: The results show that knowledge is the weakest component and attitude is strongest component of oncology nurses ‘competencies in chemotherapy administration.
文摘1.Arms and scopeChinese-German Journal of Clinical Oncology is an international professional academic periodical on oncology, being co-edited by China and Germany. The Journal, with the authors from around world, especially from China, is dominated in introducing the clinical experience of diagnosis and treatment as well as leading scientific research achievement in the tumor domain, in addition to report basic theory researches that help instruct the clinical practice of oncology and closely connect with the discipline.
