The gaze is a means of power that can flow through family relationships.It has intense regulatory overtones.In her short story Mr.Tang’s Girls,Malaysian-Chinese Anglophone diasporic writer Shirley Geok-lin Lim shows ...The gaze is a means of power that can flow through family relationships.It has intense regulatory overtones.In her short story Mr.Tang’s Girls,Malaysian-Chinese Anglophone diasporic writer Shirley Geok-lin Lim shows the conflict between Eastern and Western cultures and the resistance of women under the oppression of patriarchy through the portrayal of the father,Ah Kong,and the eldest daughter,Kim Li.Based on Foucault’s discipline gaze and Hooks’oppositional gaze,this article analyzes the power operation in the story from the following three aspects:the male gaze,discipline and self-discipline,and the oppositional gaze.Kim Li’s subjective image of breaking free from male ownership control has been presented.It suggests the difficulties encountered by female groups in their rebellion against the male gaze and their pursuit of freedom and emancipation.It also reflects the tragedy of awakening women’s destinies under the dual oppression of patriarchy and the East-Westen cultural conflict.展开更多
Recognizing signs and fonts of prehistoric language is a fairly difficult job that requires special tools.This stipulation make the dispensation period over-riding,difficult and tiresome to calculate.This paper present ...Recognizing signs and fonts of prehistoric language is a fairly difficult job that requires special tools.This stipulation make the dispensation period over-riding,difficult and tiresome to calculate.This paper present a technique for recognizing ancient south Indian languages by applying Artificial Neural Network(ANN)associated with Opposition based Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm(OGWA).It identifies the prehistoric language,signs and fonts.It is an apparent from the ANN system that arbitrarily produced weights or neurons linking various layers play a significant role in its performance.For adaptively determining these weights,this paper applies various optimization algorithms such as Opposition based Grey Wolf Optimization,Particle Swarm Optimization and Grey Wolf Opti-mization to the ANN system.Performance results are illustrated that the proposed ANN-OGWO technique achieves superior accuracy over the other techniques.In test case 1,the accuracy value of OGWO is 94.89%and in test case 2,the accu-racy value of OGWO is 92.34%,on average,the accuracy of OGWO achieves 5.8%greater accuracy than ANN-GWO,10.1%greater accuracy than ANN-PSO and 22.1%greater accuracy over conventional ANN technique.展开更多
Everyday Use is the best of essays written by Alice Walker,a very famous African American woman novelist.In this essay,two sisters from Africa-American family give us a deep impression.Although they are sisters,Maggie...Everyday Use is the best of essays written by Alice Walker,a very famous African American woman novelist.In this essay,two sisters from Africa-American family give us a deep impression.Although they are sisters,Maggie and Dee are different.With a concept of structuralism:binary opposition,this article shows the two sisters:Maggie and Dee have different natures,appearances and the views for the quilt.However,with their attitudes to the quilt analyzed by deconstructionism:breaking the binary opposition,the two sisters are identical:both of them regard the quilt as the rare material.Finally,this thesis points out an insufficiency of the essay.展开更多
This paper introduces a new approach of firefly algorithm based on opposition-based learning(OBFA) to enhance the global search ability of the original algorithm. The new algorithm employs opposition based learning co...This paper introduces a new approach of firefly algorithm based on opposition-based learning(OBFA) to enhance the global search ability of the original algorithm. The new algorithm employs opposition based learning concept to generate initial population and also updating agents' positions. The proposed OBFA is applied for minimization of the factor of safety and search for critical failure surface in slope stability analysis. The numerical experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the new algorithm.展开更多
Characters in Bible are like the coin possessing two sides. David, the most complicated figure in Bible, is just a case in point. From this perspective, this paper tries to use the principle of binary opposition to an...Characters in Bible are like the coin possessing two sides. David, the most complicated figure in Bible, is just a case in point. From this perspective, this paper tries to use the principle of binary opposition to analyze the characterization of David in Bible, that is, David's tolerance vs. vengeance, piety vs. impiety, and iron heart vs. sentiment.展开更多
The present article analyzes the emergence of the Turkish Cypriot state of exception in the period of intercommunal riots in Cyprus on two main levels.The first level identifies its structures and ideological aspects....The present article analyzes the emergence of the Turkish Cypriot state of exception in the period of intercommunal riots in Cyprus on two main levels.The first level identifies its structures and ideological aspects.The enclaves of the 1964-1974 period in Cyprus are treated as areas of exclusion and siege of the Turkish Cypriots.Therefore,they are studied as spaces that produce certain political activity against the“other”community,the Greek Cypriot community.The creation of the enclaves resulted from the armed violence of this decade;it was a direct response to an emergency situation which contributed,to a certain degree,and to the territorial and political partition of the two communities.Therefore,this article aims to describe the aspects of the nationalist hegemony and the efforts to reproduce its power through the activation of the threat.On a second level,the article studies the dynamics that led to the emergence of opposition forces and which eventually became an important aspect of the development of the Turkish Cypriot community.On this level,the paper examines the space where the Turkish Cypriots lived for a decade as areas where state power sovereignty,or the dominance of the nationalist elite,met with alternative forms of existence and with other notions of belonging that opposed the dominant ones.展开更多
Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of war on children and comorbidity of post traumatic stress disorder, attention deficit with hyperactivity, conduct, and oppositional defiant disorder in Palest...Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of war on children and comorbidity of post traumatic stress disorder, attention deficit with hyperactivity, conduct, and oppositional defiant disorder in Palestinian children. Methods: The study was conducted in the entire Gaza Strip 6 months after the end of the war on Gaza that lasted for 23 days. The study sample included 410 children aged 6 to 17 years. Children completed measures of experience of traumatic events (Gaza Traumatic Checklist-War on Gaza), post traumatic stress disorder index, attention deficit with hyperactivity scale for parents and self, conduct disorder scale, and oppositional defiant disorder. Results: Palestinians children investigated 6 months after the war on Gaza still reported traumatic experiences: 94.6% heard the sonic sounds of the jet fighters, 91.7% heard shelling of the area by artillery, 92% watched mutilated bodies on television, 80% were deprived from water or electricity during the war, 50.7% said they left home for safer place. Using Diagnostic Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM-IV) criteria for post traumatic stress disorder, 25.1% of children reported no psychological reactions, 25.9% of children reported one criteria, 39.3% of children reported partial post traumatic stress disorder and 9.8% of children reported full criteria for post traumatic stress disorder. According to the parents’ report, the results showed 31.3% of children met the criteria for inattentive type, 36.3% of children were impulsive and 29% met criteria for combined type. According to the children’s report, the results showed 28.8% of children met the criteria for inattentive type, 37.3% of children were impulsive and 28.3% met criteria for combined type. Using DSM-IV diagnostic criteria of conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder, the study showed that 38.1% of parents reported conduct disorder in their children and 46.3% reported oppositional defiant disorder. While 39.3% of children themselves reported conduct disorder and 44% of them reported oppositional defiant disorder. The study showed that 5.1% of children had comorbidity of post traumatic stress disorder and attention deficit disorder, 4.4% had comorbidity of post traumatic stress disorder and impulsivity-hyperactivity disorder, and 4.4% had comorbidity of post traumatic stress disorder and attention deficit with hyperactivity combined type. Also, 4.6% of children had comorbidity of conduct and post traumatic stress disorder and 6.1% had comorbidity of oppositional defiant disorder and post traumatic stress disorder. Conclusions: This study revealed that children living in areas of conflict and war are the main group at risk of developing post traumatic stress disorder and other behavioral problems including attention deficit with hyperactivity, conduct, and oppositional defiant disorder, and the internationallaws must protect the civilians during the conflict, establishing safe havens for children and their families to decrease the effect of war on children.展开更多
The Garden Party is one of the major short fictions of famous female writer Katherine Mansfield. In this work,the writer makes a profound reflection on the inequality in differentsocial classes and the truth of life. ...The Garden Party is one of the major short fictions of famous female writer Katherine Mansfield. In this work,the writer makes a profound reflection on the inequality in differentsocial classes and the truth of life. This paperwill focus on the research method of binary opposition. Through the study of binary oppositions in the text, thedeep themes and meanings will be clearly revealed.展开更多
The Man that Corrupted Hadleyburg is a classic middle-length novel written by Mark Twain. The story revolves around a sack of gold that every one of the 19 principal citizens in the"most honest and upright town&q...The Man that Corrupted Hadleyburg is a classic middle-length novel written by Mark Twain. The story revolves around a sack of gold that every one of the 19 principal citizens in the"most honest and upright town"Hadleyburg desires to claim by any means, fair or foul. The vivid description reveals the bourgeois hypocrisy of the capitalist society. This article intends to study the story from the perspective of binary opposition and finds out three pairs of opposition, they are honesty vs. hypocrisy; trust vs. trap; fancy vs. fact, which makes the story more sarcastic and full of sight and wisdom.展开更多
Guests of the Nation is a short story written by Frank O’Connor,a driven and prodigious writer,who was arguably one of Ireland’s most complete man of letters in the 20th century.Despite the fact that he lived a life...Guests of the Nation is a short story written by Frank O’Connor,a driven and prodigious writer,who was arguably one of Ireland’s most complete man of letters in the 20th century.Despite the fact that he lived a life of many facets,he was best known for his short stories.In a life span of 63 years,he produced 11 volumes of short stories,among which the title story of Frank O’Con⁃nor’s landmark collection Guests of the Nation was always widely reviewed,generally in positive terms.As a story set against the background of the Irish War of Independence,Guests of the Nation depicts an extraordinary situation where Irish soldiers and Eng⁃lish hostages become friends.To perform their duty,the Irish guards executed the two English hostages although camaraderie was created among them.This short story has attracted numerous critics to analyze it from different perspectives,each of whom has their own notion on the theme of the story.However,most of the scholars focus on analyzing the characters,few of them have noticed bi⁃nary oppositions in the story.There are several pair of binary oppositions in the story,for instance,enemy and friends,friendship and duty,comedy and tragedy,life and death,etc.Therefore,the present paper will examine it from the perspective of binary oppo⁃sition,in an attempt to tap deep into the conflict between humanity and the national interest,as well as the absurdity of war.展开更多
The Yellow Wallpaper is the masterpiece of the prominent American female writer Charlotte Perkins Gilman(1860-1935). Trying to illustrate the ideology and women status in the 19 th century from the perspective of bina...The Yellow Wallpaper is the masterpiece of the prominent American female writer Charlotte Perkins Gilman(1860-1935). Trying to illustrate the ideology and women status in the 19 th century from the perspective of binary opposition, this paper is going to explore how the narrator escapes from the patriarchal confinement and finally achieves independence by employing the artistic technique of binary opposition. The three sets of binary opposition reveals the confrontation between madness and sense, anarchy and order, silence and discourse and how the narrator finds her way out from the oppressive patriarchal culture.展开更多
Beloved is generally considered as one of the most accomplished and renowned works by Toni Morrison.In Beloved,Sethe is constantly under the gaze of whites and is reduced to the Other situated at the bottom of the pow...Beloved is generally considered as one of the most accomplished and renowned works by Toni Morrison.In Beloved,Sethe is constantly under the gaze of whites and is reduced to the Other situated at the bottom of the power structure of society.Under the school teacher's disdainful gaze,she becomes the Other between animal and human and loses her subjectivity.Under Amy's sympathetic gaze,Sethes feels ashamed of her status as a black woman and falls into identity crisis.However,Sethe struggles to resist whites' oppression and reconstruct her subjectivity through the oppositional gaze.The reversal of the subject and object of the gaze exposes the cruelty and inhumanity of slavery and deconstructs the binary opposition between blacks and whites.展开更多
Structuralism is employed to analyze language, culture and society in 1900 s. It's an effective theory to anatomize literary works. The light of the world is a short story composed by Ernest Hemingway, the most im...Structuralism is employed to analyze language, culture and society in 1900 s. It's an effective theory to anatomize literary works. The light of the world is a short story composed by Ernest Hemingway, the most important and outstanding author since the death of Shakespeare. The story is dissected from binary oppositions, a key element in Structuralism. Two binary oppositions of the Light of the World have been clarified: the lies and true heart of two whores, and the light of the world and the world without light.展开更多
Cryptography is deemed to be the optimum strategy to secure the data privacy in which the data is encoded ahead of time before sharing it.Visual Secret Sharing(VSS)is an encryption method in which the secret message i...Cryptography is deemed to be the optimum strategy to secure the data privacy in which the data is encoded ahead of time before sharing it.Visual Secret Sharing(VSS)is an encryption method in which the secret message is split into at least two trivial images called’shares’to cover it.However,such message are always targeted by hackers or dishonest members who attempt to decrypt the message.This can be avoided by not uncovering the secret message without the universal share when it is presented and is typically taken care of,by the trusted party.Hence,in this paper,an optimal and secure double-layered secret image sharing scheme is proposed.The proposed share creation process contains two layers such as threshold-based secret sharing in the first layer and universal share based secret sharing in the second layer.In first layer,Genetic Algorithm(GA)is applied to find the optimal threshold value based on the randomness of the created shares.Then,in the second layer,a novel design of universal share-based secret share creation method is proposed.Finally,Opposition Whale Optimization Algorithm(OWOA)-based optimal key was generated for rectange block cipher to secure each share.This helped in producing high quality reconstruction images.The researcher achieved average experimental outcomes in terms of PSNR and MSE values equal to 55.154225 and 0.79365625 respectively.The average PSNRwas less(49.134475)and average MSE was high(1)in case of existing methods.展开更多
It is challenging for aqueous Zn-ion batteries(ZIBs)to achieve comparable low-temperature(low-T)performance due to the easy-frozen electrolyte and severe Zn dendrites.Herein,an aqueous electrolyte with a low freezing ...It is challenging for aqueous Zn-ion batteries(ZIBs)to achieve comparable low-temperature(low-T)performance due to the easy-frozen electrolyte and severe Zn dendrites.Herein,an aqueous electrolyte with a low freezing point and high ionic conductivity is proposed.Combined with molecular dynamics simulation and multi-scale interface analysis(time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry threedimensional mapping and in-situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy method),the temperature independence of the V_(2)O_(5)cathode and Zn anode is observed to be opposite.Surprisingly,dominated by the solvent structure of the designed electrolyte at low temperatures,vanadium dissolution/shuttle is significantly inhibited,and the zinc dendrites caused by this electrochemical crosstalk are greatly relieved,thus showing an abnormal temperature inversion effect.Through the disclosure and improvement of the above phenomena,the designed Zn||V_(2)O_(5)full cell delivers superior low-T performance,maintaining almost 99%capacity retention after 9500 cycles(working more than 2500 h)at-20°C.This work proposes a kind of electrolyte suitable for low-T ZIBs and reveals the inverse temperature dependence of the Zn anode,which might offer a novel perspective for the investigation of low-T aqueous battery systems.展开更多
Oppositional collocations,such as dead nice in English,or shuai dai le(handsome dumb le,‘extremely handsome’)in Chinese,are expressions that use words with emotionally contradictory senses to achieve a single positi...Oppositional collocations,such as dead nice in English,or shuai dai le(handsome dumb le,‘extremely handsome’)in Chinese,are expressions that use words with emotionally contradictory senses to achieve a single positive meaning.They are not just linguistic expressions or rhetorical devices,but signs that reflect the addresser’s identity and social position.Though between English and Chinese there are distinct differences in terms of formal features,distributive properties,and emotional impacts,the use of such collocations in both languages is often associated in the speaker’s mind with contexts characterized by a desire for informality and resistance to orthodoxy.Though the base of an oppositional collocation is the structurally controlling element for the whole expression,the collocate,represented as a degree adverb in English and degree complement in Chinese,is the emotionally controlling element,which not only reinforces the positive degree on the part of the base but,with some trace of negativity,takes the addresser away from formal or serious language.This essay investigates the phenomenon through a social-semiotic perspective derived from Halliday’s(1976)antilanguage and anti-society theories and Halliday&Hasan’s(1976)register theory.展开更多
In the space of new media, all sorts of new media events which imply oppositional moods are written, presented repeatedly, and therefore form oppositional discourse. Strangers are able to come together as netizens due...In the space of new media, all sorts of new media events which imply oppositional moods are written, presented repeatedly, and therefore form oppositional discourse. Strangers are able to come together as netizens due to their identification by antithesis, and construct an imagined community which allows them to "unite closely" and "speak in one voice". Based on their imagined community, netizens are able to co-construct discourse presentation. This article argues that the critical step in reproduction of oppositional discourse is the providing of scripts. In order to enhance the tension of oppositional discourse, the events representation needs to be processed with overstating, such as making a scary story. The scripts of new media events are usually written according to a preset imaginative chain of "good people-bad people" under the influence of identification by antithesis.展开更多
The article is focused on discussing a new methodological approach to the study on specifics of transferring human beings to the posthuman cyber society.The approach in question assists in rethinking interconnected pr...The article is focused on discussing a new methodological approach to the study on specifics of transferring human beings to the posthuman cyber society.The approach in question assists in rethinking interconnected problems both of human origins in the universe and mankind’s digital future.And,besides,such an approach allows to deal with self-organising interconversions between the poles of the cardinal dual opposition of the Global Noosphere Brain and the Artificial General Intelligence.Herewith such phenomena of digital social life as Global Digitalisation,Digital Immortality,Mindcloning,and Technological Zombification being the constituents of Technological Singularity Concept,are rethought as paving the way for oncoming Posthuman Digital Era.This concept is evidently exemplified by a bifurcation resulting in two alternatives to be chosen by human beings,to wit,either to be undergone Mindcloning and become digitally immortal or being destroyed by powerful intelligent machines.The investigation in question is based on such a progressive methodology as the Law of Self-Organizing Ideals,as well as on the Method of Dual Oppositions.Rethinking interrelationships between the problem of a sense of social history and the meaning-of-life of local societies members which any intelligent machine is devoid of permits to substantiate specific regularities of Self-Transforming Homo Faber into Homo Digitalis and Technological Zombies ready to be transferred to posthuman cyberspace.展开更多
The emergent van der Waals magnetic material is a promising component for spintronic devices with novel functionalities.Here,we report a transition of negative-to-positive magnetoresistance in Fe_(3)GeTe_(2)/Cr_(2)Ge_...The emergent van der Waals magnetic material is a promising component for spintronic devices with novel functionalities.Here,we report a transition of negative-to-positive magnetoresistance in Fe_(3)GeTe_(2)/Cr_(2)Ge_(2)Te_(6)/Fe_(3)GeTe_(2)van der Waals all-magnetic tunnel junctions with increasing the applied bias voltage.A negative magnetoresistance is observed first in Fe_(3)GeTe_(2)/Cr_(2)Ge_(2)Te_(6)/Fe_(3)GeTe_(2)tunnel junctions,where the resistance with antiparallel aligned magnetization of two Fe_(3)GeTe_(2)electrodes is lower than that with parallel alignment,which is due to the opposite spin polarizations of two Fe_(3)GeTe_(2)electrodes.With the bias voltage increasing,the spin polarization of the biased Fe_(3)GeTe_(2)electrode is changed so that the spin orientations of two Fe_(3)GeTe_(2)electrodes are the same.Our experimental observations are supported by the calculated spin-dependent density of states for Fe_(3)GeTe_(2)electrodes under a finite bias.The significantly bias voltage-dependent spin transport properties in van der Waals magnetic tunnel junctions open a promising route for designing electrical controllable spintronic devices based on van der Waals magnets.展开更多
文摘The gaze is a means of power that can flow through family relationships.It has intense regulatory overtones.In her short story Mr.Tang’s Girls,Malaysian-Chinese Anglophone diasporic writer Shirley Geok-lin Lim shows the conflict between Eastern and Western cultures and the resistance of women under the oppression of patriarchy through the portrayal of the father,Ah Kong,and the eldest daughter,Kim Li.Based on Foucault’s discipline gaze and Hooks’oppositional gaze,this article analyzes the power operation in the story from the following three aspects:the male gaze,discipline and self-discipline,and the oppositional gaze.Kim Li’s subjective image of breaking free from male ownership control has been presented.It suggests the difficulties encountered by female groups in their rebellion against the male gaze and their pursuit of freedom and emancipation.It also reflects the tragedy of awakening women’s destinies under the dual oppression of patriarchy and the East-Westen cultural conflict.
文摘Recognizing signs and fonts of prehistoric language is a fairly difficult job that requires special tools.This stipulation make the dispensation period over-riding,difficult and tiresome to calculate.This paper present a technique for recognizing ancient south Indian languages by applying Artificial Neural Network(ANN)associated with Opposition based Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm(OGWA).It identifies the prehistoric language,signs and fonts.It is an apparent from the ANN system that arbitrarily produced weights or neurons linking various layers play a significant role in its performance.For adaptively determining these weights,this paper applies various optimization algorithms such as Opposition based Grey Wolf Optimization,Particle Swarm Optimization and Grey Wolf Opti-mization to the ANN system.Performance results are illustrated that the proposed ANN-OGWO technique achieves superior accuracy over the other techniques.In test case 1,the accuracy value of OGWO is 94.89%and in test case 2,the accu-racy value of OGWO is 92.34%,on average,the accuracy of OGWO achieves 5.8%greater accuracy than ANN-GWO,10.1%greater accuracy than ANN-PSO and 22.1%greater accuracy over conventional ANN technique.
文摘Everyday Use is the best of essays written by Alice Walker,a very famous African American woman novelist.In this essay,two sisters from Africa-American family give us a deep impression.Although they are sisters,Maggie and Dee are different.With a concept of structuralism:binary opposition,this article shows the two sisters:Maggie and Dee have different natures,appearances and the views for the quilt.However,with their attitudes to the quilt analyzed by deconstructionism:breaking the binary opposition,the two sisters are identical:both of them regard the quilt as the rare material.Finally,this thesis points out an insufficiency of the essay.
文摘This paper introduces a new approach of firefly algorithm based on opposition-based learning(OBFA) to enhance the global search ability of the original algorithm. The new algorithm employs opposition based learning concept to generate initial population and also updating agents' positions. The proposed OBFA is applied for minimization of the factor of safety and search for critical failure surface in slope stability analysis. The numerical experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the new algorithm.
文摘Characters in Bible are like the coin possessing two sides. David, the most complicated figure in Bible, is just a case in point. From this perspective, this paper tries to use the principle of binary opposition to analyze the characterization of David in Bible, that is, David's tolerance vs. vengeance, piety vs. impiety, and iron heart vs. sentiment.
文摘The present article analyzes the emergence of the Turkish Cypriot state of exception in the period of intercommunal riots in Cyprus on two main levels.The first level identifies its structures and ideological aspects.The enclaves of the 1964-1974 period in Cyprus are treated as areas of exclusion and siege of the Turkish Cypriots.Therefore,they are studied as spaces that produce certain political activity against the“other”community,the Greek Cypriot community.The creation of the enclaves resulted from the armed violence of this decade;it was a direct response to an emergency situation which contributed,to a certain degree,and to the territorial and political partition of the two communities.Therefore,this article aims to describe the aspects of the nationalist hegemony and the efforts to reproduce its power through the activation of the threat.On a second level,the article studies the dynamics that led to the emergence of opposition forces and which eventually became an important aspect of the development of the Turkish Cypriot community.On this level,the paper examines the space where the Turkish Cypriots lived for a decade as areas where state power sovereignty,or the dominance of the nationalist elite,met with alternative forms of existence and with other notions of belonging that opposed the dominant ones.
文摘Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of war on children and comorbidity of post traumatic stress disorder, attention deficit with hyperactivity, conduct, and oppositional defiant disorder in Palestinian children. Methods: The study was conducted in the entire Gaza Strip 6 months after the end of the war on Gaza that lasted for 23 days. The study sample included 410 children aged 6 to 17 years. Children completed measures of experience of traumatic events (Gaza Traumatic Checklist-War on Gaza), post traumatic stress disorder index, attention deficit with hyperactivity scale for parents and self, conduct disorder scale, and oppositional defiant disorder. Results: Palestinians children investigated 6 months after the war on Gaza still reported traumatic experiences: 94.6% heard the sonic sounds of the jet fighters, 91.7% heard shelling of the area by artillery, 92% watched mutilated bodies on television, 80% were deprived from water or electricity during the war, 50.7% said they left home for safer place. Using Diagnostic Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM-IV) criteria for post traumatic stress disorder, 25.1% of children reported no psychological reactions, 25.9% of children reported one criteria, 39.3% of children reported partial post traumatic stress disorder and 9.8% of children reported full criteria for post traumatic stress disorder. According to the parents’ report, the results showed 31.3% of children met the criteria for inattentive type, 36.3% of children were impulsive and 29% met criteria for combined type. According to the children’s report, the results showed 28.8% of children met the criteria for inattentive type, 37.3% of children were impulsive and 28.3% met criteria for combined type. Using DSM-IV diagnostic criteria of conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder, the study showed that 38.1% of parents reported conduct disorder in their children and 46.3% reported oppositional defiant disorder. While 39.3% of children themselves reported conduct disorder and 44% of them reported oppositional defiant disorder. The study showed that 5.1% of children had comorbidity of post traumatic stress disorder and attention deficit disorder, 4.4% had comorbidity of post traumatic stress disorder and impulsivity-hyperactivity disorder, and 4.4% had comorbidity of post traumatic stress disorder and attention deficit with hyperactivity combined type. Also, 4.6% of children had comorbidity of conduct and post traumatic stress disorder and 6.1% had comorbidity of oppositional defiant disorder and post traumatic stress disorder. Conclusions: This study revealed that children living in areas of conflict and war are the main group at risk of developing post traumatic stress disorder and other behavioral problems including attention deficit with hyperactivity, conduct, and oppositional defiant disorder, and the internationallaws must protect the civilians during the conflict, establishing safe havens for children and their families to decrease the effect of war on children.
文摘The Garden Party is one of the major short fictions of famous female writer Katherine Mansfield. In this work,the writer makes a profound reflection on the inequality in differentsocial classes and the truth of life. This paperwill focus on the research method of binary opposition. Through the study of binary oppositions in the text, thedeep themes and meanings will be clearly revealed.
文摘The Man that Corrupted Hadleyburg is a classic middle-length novel written by Mark Twain. The story revolves around a sack of gold that every one of the 19 principal citizens in the"most honest and upright town"Hadleyburg desires to claim by any means, fair or foul. The vivid description reveals the bourgeois hypocrisy of the capitalist society. This article intends to study the story from the perspective of binary opposition and finds out three pairs of opposition, they are honesty vs. hypocrisy; trust vs. trap; fancy vs. fact, which makes the story more sarcastic and full of sight and wisdom.
文摘Guests of the Nation is a short story written by Frank O’Connor,a driven and prodigious writer,who was arguably one of Ireland’s most complete man of letters in the 20th century.Despite the fact that he lived a life of many facets,he was best known for his short stories.In a life span of 63 years,he produced 11 volumes of short stories,among which the title story of Frank O’Con⁃nor’s landmark collection Guests of the Nation was always widely reviewed,generally in positive terms.As a story set against the background of the Irish War of Independence,Guests of the Nation depicts an extraordinary situation where Irish soldiers and Eng⁃lish hostages become friends.To perform their duty,the Irish guards executed the two English hostages although camaraderie was created among them.This short story has attracted numerous critics to analyze it from different perspectives,each of whom has their own notion on the theme of the story.However,most of the scholars focus on analyzing the characters,few of them have noticed bi⁃nary oppositions in the story.There are several pair of binary oppositions in the story,for instance,enemy and friends,friendship and duty,comedy and tragedy,life and death,etc.Therefore,the present paper will examine it from the perspective of binary oppo⁃sition,in an attempt to tap deep into the conflict between humanity and the national interest,as well as the absurdity of war.
文摘The Yellow Wallpaper is the masterpiece of the prominent American female writer Charlotte Perkins Gilman(1860-1935). Trying to illustrate the ideology and women status in the 19 th century from the perspective of binary opposition, this paper is going to explore how the narrator escapes from the patriarchal confinement and finally achieves independence by employing the artistic technique of binary opposition. The three sets of binary opposition reveals the confrontation between madness and sense, anarchy and order, silence and discourse and how the narrator finds her way out from the oppressive patriarchal culture.
文摘Beloved is generally considered as one of the most accomplished and renowned works by Toni Morrison.In Beloved,Sethe is constantly under the gaze of whites and is reduced to the Other situated at the bottom of the power structure of society.Under the school teacher's disdainful gaze,she becomes the Other between animal and human and loses her subjectivity.Under Amy's sympathetic gaze,Sethes feels ashamed of her status as a black woman and falls into identity crisis.However,Sethe struggles to resist whites' oppression and reconstruct her subjectivity through the oppositional gaze.The reversal of the subject and object of the gaze exposes the cruelty and inhumanity of slavery and deconstructs the binary opposition between blacks and whites.
文摘Structuralism is employed to analyze language, culture and society in 1900 s. It's an effective theory to anatomize literary works. The light of the world is a short story composed by Ernest Hemingway, the most important and outstanding author since the death of Shakespeare. The story is dissected from binary oppositions, a key element in Structuralism. Two binary oppositions of the Light of the World have been clarified: the lies and true heart of two whores, and the light of the world and the world without light.
基金supported by RUSA PHASE 2.0,Alagappa University,Karaikudi,India。
文摘Cryptography is deemed to be the optimum strategy to secure the data privacy in which the data is encoded ahead of time before sharing it.Visual Secret Sharing(VSS)is an encryption method in which the secret message is split into at least two trivial images called’shares’to cover it.However,such message are always targeted by hackers or dishonest members who attempt to decrypt the message.This can be avoided by not uncovering the secret message without the universal share when it is presented and is typically taken care of,by the trusted party.Hence,in this paper,an optimal and secure double-layered secret image sharing scheme is proposed.The proposed share creation process contains two layers such as threshold-based secret sharing in the first layer and universal share based secret sharing in the second layer.In first layer,Genetic Algorithm(GA)is applied to find the optimal threshold value based on the randomness of the created shares.Then,in the second layer,a novel design of universal share-based secret share creation method is proposed.Finally,Opposition Whale Optimization Algorithm(OWOA)-based optimal key was generated for rectange block cipher to secure each share.This helped in producing high quality reconstruction images.The researcher achieved average experimental outcomes in terms of PSNR and MSE values equal to 55.154225 and 0.79365625 respectively.The average PSNRwas less(49.134475)and average MSE was high(1)in case of existing methods.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52372191)the Natural Science Foundation of Xiamen,China(3502Z202372036)+1 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022TQ0282)the support of the High-Performance Computing Center(HPCC)at Harbin Institute of Technology on first-principles calculations。
文摘It is challenging for aqueous Zn-ion batteries(ZIBs)to achieve comparable low-temperature(low-T)performance due to the easy-frozen electrolyte and severe Zn dendrites.Herein,an aqueous electrolyte with a low freezing point and high ionic conductivity is proposed.Combined with molecular dynamics simulation and multi-scale interface analysis(time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry threedimensional mapping and in-situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy method),the temperature independence of the V_(2)O_(5)cathode and Zn anode is observed to be opposite.Surprisingly,dominated by the solvent structure of the designed electrolyte at low temperatures,vanadium dissolution/shuttle is significantly inhibited,and the zinc dendrites caused by this electrochemical crosstalk are greatly relieved,thus showing an abnormal temperature inversion effect.Through the disclosure and improvement of the above phenomena,the designed Zn||V_(2)O_(5)full cell delivers superior low-T performance,maintaining almost 99%capacity retention after 9500 cycles(working more than 2500 h)at-20°C.This work proposes a kind of electrolyte suitable for low-T ZIBs and reveals the inverse temperature dependence of the Zn anode,which might offer a novel perspective for the investigation of low-T aqueous battery systems.
文摘Oppositional collocations,such as dead nice in English,or shuai dai le(handsome dumb le,‘extremely handsome’)in Chinese,are expressions that use words with emotionally contradictory senses to achieve a single positive meaning.They are not just linguistic expressions or rhetorical devices,but signs that reflect the addresser’s identity and social position.Though between English and Chinese there are distinct differences in terms of formal features,distributive properties,and emotional impacts,the use of such collocations in both languages is often associated in the speaker’s mind with contexts characterized by a desire for informality and resistance to orthodoxy.Though the base of an oppositional collocation is the structurally controlling element for the whole expression,the collocate,represented as a degree adverb in English and degree complement in Chinese,is the emotionally controlling element,which not only reinforces the positive degree on the part of the base but,with some trace of negativity,takes the addresser away from formal or serious language.This essay investigates the phenomenon through a social-semiotic perspective derived from Halliday’s(1976)antilanguage and anti-society theories and Halliday&Hasan’s(1976)register theory.
文摘In the space of new media, all sorts of new media events which imply oppositional moods are written, presented repeatedly, and therefore form oppositional discourse. Strangers are able to come together as netizens due to their identification by antithesis, and construct an imagined community which allows them to "unite closely" and "speak in one voice". Based on their imagined community, netizens are able to co-construct discourse presentation. This article argues that the critical step in reproduction of oppositional discourse is the providing of scripts. In order to enhance the tension of oppositional discourse, the events representation needs to be processed with overstating, such as making a scary story. The scripts of new media events are usually written according to a preset imaginative chain of "good people-bad people" under the influence of identification by antithesis.
文摘The article is focused on discussing a new methodological approach to the study on specifics of transferring human beings to the posthuman cyber society.The approach in question assists in rethinking interconnected problems both of human origins in the universe and mankind’s digital future.And,besides,such an approach allows to deal with self-organising interconversions between the poles of the cardinal dual opposition of the Global Noosphere Brain and the Artificial General Intelligence.Herewith such phenomena of digital social life as Global Digitalisation,Digital Immortality,Mindcloning,and Technological Zombification being the constituents of Technological Singularity Concept,are rethought as paving the way for oncoming Posthuman Digital Era.This concept is evidently exemplified by a bifurcation resulting in two alternatives to be chosen by human beings,to wit,either to be undergone Mindcloning and become digitally immortal or being destroyed by powerful intelligent machines.The investigation in question is based on such a progressive methodology as the Law of Self-Organizing Ideals,as well as on the Method of Dual Oppositions.Rethinking interrelationships between the problem of a sense of social history and the meaning-of-life of local societies members which any intelligent machine is devoid of permits to substantiate specific regularities of Self-Transforming Homo Faber into Homo Digitalis and Technological Zombies ready to be transferred to posthuman cyberspace.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFA1405100)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation Key Program(Grant No.Z190007)+1 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant Nos.XDB44000000 and XDB28000000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12241405,11734004,and 12174028)。
文摘The emergent van der Waals magnetic material is a promising component for spintronic devices with novel functionalities.Here,we report a transition of negative-to-positive magnetoresistance in Fe_(3)GeTe_(2)/Cr_(2)Ge_(2)Te_(6)/Fe_(3)GeTe_(2)van der Waals all-magnetic tunnel junctions with increasing the applied bias voltage.A negative magnetoresistance is observed first in Fe_(3)GeTe_(2)/Cr_(2)Ge_(2)Te_(6)/Fe_(3)GeTe_(2)tunnel junctions,where the resistance with antiparallel aligned magnetization of two Fe_(3)GeTe_(2)electrodes is lower than that with parallel alignment,which is due to the opposite spin polarizations of two Fe_(3)GeTe_(2)electrodes.With the bias voltage increasing,the spin polarization of the biased Fe_(3)GeTe_(2)electrode is changed so that the spin orientations of two Fe_(3)GeTe_(2)electrodes are the same.Our experimental observations are supported by the calculated spin-dependent density of states for Fe_(3)GeTe_(2)electrodes under a finite bias.The significantly bias voltage-dependent spin transport properties in van der Waals magnetic tunnel junctions open a promising route for designing electrical controllable spintronic devices based on van der Waals magnets.
