This paper provides a model to identify the most appropriate packaging system （i.e. the industrial process by which the product is hygienically coupled with the container） for different liquid foods. The model devel...This paper provides a model to identify the most appropriate packaging system （i.e. the industrial process by which the product is hygienically coupled with the container） for different liquid foods. The model developed is grounded on the Analytic Network Process （ANP） methodology, a powerful and flexible tool used in decision making. To select the appropriate packaging system, the model takes into account several factors, including packaging material, cost, safety, performance （e.g., speed and accuracy）, plant reliability and flexibility, which may directly or indirectly affect the suitability of the process. Moreover, the chemical and physical properties of commercial liquid foods, and the packaging technology are included in the model as further variables to be considered for the final choice. We try to answer the following research questions： is a filling system appropriate for a given liquid food？ Is it compatible with a defined packaging technology？ When several filling systems are available for a given liquid food, how can the most appropriate one be selected？ The ease of application of the model and the robustness of the results provided have been tested on a sample of 59 commercial liquid foods, for which the model allowed to identify the most suitable packaging system, providing useful practical guidelines. The model was developed in close collaboration with a panel of experts, operating in the beverage bottling industry, and validated by the same experts; thus, the resulting tool is suitable for use as a decision support system by food and bottling industries.展开更多
The enhancement of wheat yield in Tunisia becomes a must for policy makers who need to reduce the importations of this commodity. In this context, the ＂Food Security in Arab Countries＂ project has been established i...The enhancement of wheat yield in Tunisia becomes a must for policy makers who need to reduce the importations of this commodity. In this context, the ＂Food Security in Arab Countries＂ project has been established in order to transfer technological innovations that improve irrigated wheat productivity. As a pilot area, this project is being implemented in Chebika （Central Tunisia） region, where in the last two years a new technological package of durum wheat production has been tested by many farmers of the region. The objective of this study is to identify the sources of output gains between farmers participating in the project trials and farmer＇s using conventional techniques. Tornqvist-Thiel index was used for the identification of the output gains generated by the technology package. Data used for the analysis were collected from 60 participating farmers during 2011-2012 cropping season, and 110 non-participating farmers. Results show that average production value differential between participating and non-participating farmers is 48.4%. This value is composed of 9.3% gain generated from global factor productivity and 39.1% from the increase of the inputs use. It also indicates the relative importance of inputs contributing to the global factor productivity difference between enhanced technological package and conventional practices in the region. These results are valuable for policy makers since they can be used to focus on main factors affecting the improvement of irrigated wheat productivity in Central Tunisia. Encouraging the adoption of the new technological package is then highly recommended.展开更多
On December 27,2013 the last one of process units–the isomerization unit in the 600 kt/a para-xylene project was put on stream at the Hainan Refining and Chemical Company at the first attempt to deliver massive
InCanonicalWorkflowFramework forResearch(CWFR)"packages"arerelevantin twodifferentdirections.In data science,workflows are in general being executed on a set of files which have been aggregated for specific ...InCanonicalWorkflowFramework forResearch(CWFR)"packages"arerelevantin twodifferentdirections.In data science,workflows are in general being executed on a set of files which have been aggregated for specific purposes,such as for training a model in deep learning.We call this type of"package"a data collection and its aggregation and metadata description is motivated by research interests.The other type of"packages"relevant for CWFR are supposed to represent workflows in a self-describing and self-contained way for later execution.In this paper,we will review different packaging technologies and investigate their usability in the context of CWFR.For this purpose,we draw on an exemplary use case and show how packaging technologies can support its realization.We conclude that packaging technologies of different flavors help on providing inputs and outputs for workflow steps in a machine-readable way,as well as on representing a workflow and all its artifacts in a self-describing and self-contained way.展开更多
文摘This paper provides a model to identify the most appropriate packaging system （i.e. the industrial process by which the product is hygienically coupled with the container） for different liquid foods. The model developed is grounded on the Analytic Network Process （ANP） methodology, a powerful and flexible tool used in decision making. To select the appropriate packaging system, the model takes into account several factors, including packaging material, cost, safety, performance （e.g., speed and accuracy）, plant reliability and flexibility, which may directly or indirectly affect the suitability of the process. Moreover, the chemical and physical properties of commercial liquid foods, and the packaging technology are included in the model as further variables to be considered for the final choice. We try to answer the following research questions： is a filling system appropriate for a given liquid food？ Is it compatible with a defined packaging technology？ When several filling systems are available for a given liquid food, how can the most appropriate one be selected？ The ease of application of the model and the robustness of the results provided have been tested on a sample of 59 commercial liquid foods, for which the model allowed to identify the most suitable packaging system, providing useful practical guidelines. The model was developed in close collaboration with a panel of experts, operating in the beverage bottling industry, and validated by the same experts; thus, the resulting tool is suitable for use as a decision support system by food and bottling industries.
文摘The enhancement of wheat yield in Tunisia becomes a must for policy makers who need to reduce the importations of this commodity. In this context, the ＂Food Security in Arab Countries＂ project has been established in order to transfer technological innovations that improve irrigated wheat productivity. As a pilot area, this project is being implemented in Chebika （Central Tunisia） region, where in the last two years a new technological package of durum wheat production has been tested by many farmers of the region. The objective of this study is to identify the sources of output gains between farmers participating in the project trials and farmer＇s using conventional techniques. Tornqvist-Thiel index was used for the identification of the output gains generated by the technology package. Data used for the analysis were collected from 60 participating farmers during 2011-2012 cropping season, and 110 non-participating farmers. Results show that average production value differential between participating and non-participating farmers is 48.4%. This value is composed of 9.3% gain generated from global factor productivity and 39.1% from the increase of the inputs use. It also indicates the relative importance of inputs contributing to the global factor productivity difference between enhanced technological package and conventional practices in the region. These results are valuable for policy makers since they can be used to focus on main factors affecting the improvement of irrigated wheat productivity in Central Tunisia. Encouraging the adoption of the new technological package is then highly recommended.
文摘On December 27,2013 the last one of process units–the isomerization unit in the 600 kt/a para-xylene project was put on stream at the Hainan Refining and Chemical Company at the first attempt to deliver massive
文摘InCanonicalWorkflowFramework forResearch(CWFR)"packages"arerelevantin twodifferentdirections.In data science,workflows are in general being executed on a set of files which have been aggregated for specific purposes,such as for training a model in deep learning.We call this type of"package"a data collection and its aggregation and metadata description is motivated by research interests.The other type of"packages"relevant for CWFR are supposed to represent workflows in a self-describing and self-contained way for later execution.In this paper,we will review different packaging technologies and investigate their usability in the context of CWFR.For this purpose,we draw on an exemplary use case and show how packaging technologies can support its realization.We conclude that packaging technologies of different flavors help on providing inputs and outputs for workflow steps in a machine-readable way,as well as on representing a workflow and all its artifacts in a self-describing and self-contained way.
