The basic principles of the partial and multiple coherence ananlysis and their utilization on vibration source identification are discussed in detail in this paper. The partial coherence analysis is the effective meth...The basic principles of the partial and multiple coherence ananlysis and their utilization on vibration source identification are discussed in detail in this paper. The partial coherence analysis is the effective method of vibration source identification in multiple input single output systems.Formerly, there was not any this kind of function in the signal processor, and there was not any special software too. The software which we developed and used in the 7T 17S signal processor has this function. This software can be used not only for the partial and multiple coherence analysis of signal, but also for the correlation analysis, power spectrum analysis, transfer function analysis et al.We used this software to make the identifcation of the vibration source of the car floor board of electrical measuring vehicle, and to find the main factors which effect the vibration of the car board.The excellent result was obtained. This method can also be used for making the identifications of noise source and other sources.展开更多
Relationship between sea level change and a single climate indicator has been widely discussed.However,few studies focused on the relationship between monthly mean sea level(MMSL)and several key impact factors,includi...Relationship between sea level change and a single climate indicator has been widely discussed.However,few studies focused on the relationship between monthly mean sea level(MMSL)and several key impact factors,including CO_(2) concentration,sea ice area,and sunspots,on various time scales.In addition,research on the independent relationship between climate factors and sea level on various time scales is lacking,especially when the dependence of climate factors on Nino 3.4 is excluded.Based on this,we use wavelet coherence(WC)and partial wavelet coherence(PWC)to establish a relationship between MMSL and its influencing factors.The WC results show that the influence of climate indices on MMSL has strong regional characteristics.The significant correlation between Southern Hemisphere sea ice area and MMSL is opposite to that between Northern Hemisphere sea ice area and MMSL.The PWC results show that after removing the influence of Nino 3.4,the significant coherent regions of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation(PDO),Dipole Mode Index(DMI),Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation(AMO),and Southern Oscillation Index(SOI)decrease to varying degrees on different time scales in different regions,demonstrating the influence of Nino 3.4.Our work emphasizes the interrelationship and independent relationship between MMSL and its influencing factors on various time scales and the use of PWC and WC to describe this relationship.The study has an important reference significance for selecting the best predictors of sea level change or climate systems.展开更多
In this paper, a new method is applied to get the computation formula of partial coherence function. The main attention is paid to the computation formula of the partial coherence function with three and four signals....In this paper, a new method is applied to get the computation formula of partial coherence function. The main attention is paid to the computation formula of the partial coherence function with three and four signals. The advantages of the method discussed in the paper are clear in physical meaning and easy to compute at the end of the paper,the application of the method to the identification of an air compressor noise source is presented and the results are satisfactory.展开更多
Based on the propagation law of cross-spectral density function, studied in this paper are the coherence vortices of partially coherent, quasi-monochromatic singular beams with Gaussian envelope and Schell-model corre...Based on the propagation law of cross-spectral density function, studied in this paper are the coherence vortices of partially coherent, quasi-monochromatic singular beams with Gaussian envelope and Schell-model correlator in the far field, where our main attention is paid to the evolution of far-field coherence vortices into intensity vortices of fully coherent beams. The results show that, although there are usually no zeros of intensity in partially coherent beams with Gaussian envelope and Schell-model correlator~ zeros of spectral degree of coherence exist. The coherence vortices of spectral degree of coherence depend on the relative coherence length, mode index and positions of pairs of points. If a point and mode index are kept fixed, the position of coherence vortices changes with the increase of the relative coherence length. For the low coherent case there is a circular phase dislocation. In the coherent limit coherence vortices become intensity vortices of fully coherent Laguerre-Gaussian beams.展开更多
Based on a recently formulated unified theory of coherence and polarization, a method is described to study turbulence-induced changes in the polarization, the coherence and the spectrum of partially coherent electrom...Based on a recently formulated unified theory of coherence and polarization, a method is described to study turbulence-induced changes in the polarization, the coherence and the spectrum of partially coherent electromagnetic beams on propagation. The electromagnetic Gaussian Schell-model beam is taken as a typical example of partially coherent electromagnetic beams, and the closed-form expressions for the degree of polarization, the degree of coherence and the spectrum of electromagnetic Gaussian Schell-model beams propagating through atmospheric turbulence are derived in the quadratic approximation of Rytov＇s phase structure function. Some interesting results are obtained, which are illustrated by numerical examples and are explained in physics.展开更多
Taking partially coherent cosh-Gaussian （ChG） beams as an example of more general partially coherent beams, we have studied the spectral degree of coherence of partially coherent ChG beams in the far field. It is sh...Taking partially coherent cosh-Gaussian （ChG） beams as an example of more general partially coherent beams, we have studied the spectral degree of coherence of partially coherent ChG beams in the far field. It is shown that, unlike Gaussian Schell-model （GSM） beams, in the strict sense there do not exist two partially coherent ChG beams which can generate far fields with the same spectral degree of coherence. However, under certain conditions it is possible to find two partially coherent ChG beams with the same spectral degree of coherence in the far field.展开更多
A partially coherent beam called a radially polarized multi-Gaussian Schell-model power-exponent-phase vortex beam is introduced. Both the analytical formula of the beam propagating through the high-numerical-aperture...A partially coherent beam called a radially polarized multi-Gaussian Schell-model power-exponent-phase vortex beam is introduced. Both the analytical formula of the beam propagating through the high-numerical-aperture objective lens based on the vectorial diffraction theory, and the cross-spectral density matrix of the beam in the focal region are derived. Then,the tight focusing characteristics of the partially coherent radially polarized power-exponent-phase vortex beam are studied numerically, and the intensity distribution, degree of polarization and coherence of the beams in the focusing region with different topological charge, power order, beam index and coherence width are analyzed in detail. The results show that the contour of the spot becomes clearer and smoother with the increase in the beam index, and the focal fields of different structures that include the flattened beam can be obtained by changing the coherence width. In addition, by changing the topological charge and power order, the intensity can gather to a point along the ring. These unique properties will have potential applications in particle capture and manipulation, especially in the manipulation of irregular particles.展开更多
Based on the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle, a two-frequency, two-point cross-spectral density function of partially coherent Gaussian-Schell model pulse （GSMP） beam propagation in slant atmospheric turbulence i...Based on the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle, a two-frequency, two-point cross-spectral density function of partially coherent Gaussian-Schell model pulse （GSMP） beam propagation in slant atmospheric turbulence is derived. Using the Markov approximation method and on the assumption that （w1 - w2）/（w1 ＋ w2） ≤ 1, the theory obtained is valid for turbulence of any strength and can be applied to narrow-band signals. The expressions for average beam intensity, the beam size, and the two-frequency complex degree of coherence of a GSMP beam are obtained. The numerical results are presented, and the effects of the frequency, initial pulse width, initial beam radius, zenith angle, and outer scales on the complex degree of coherence are discussed. This study provides a better understanding of the second-order statistics of a GSMP beam propagating through atmospheric turbulence in the space-frequency domain.展开更多
The propagation properties of partially coherent Hermite-Gaussian beams through non-Kolmogorov atmospheric turbulence are studied. The effects of non-Kolmogorov turbulence and beam nonparaxiality on the average intens...The propagation properties of partially coherent Hermite-Gaussian beams through non-Kolmogorov atmospheric turbulence are studied. The effects of non-Kolmogorov turbulence and beam nonparaxiality on the average intensity evolution and the beam-width spreading are stressed. It is found that the evolution of the average intensity distribution and the beam-width spreading depends on the generalized exponent factor, namely, on the non-Kolmogorov turbulence strength for the paraxial case. For the non-paraxial case the effect of the turbulence is negiigibl% while the beam-width spreading becomes very large. The analytical results are illustrated numerically and interpreted physically.展开更多
Under the quadratic approximation of the Rytov＇s phase structure function, this paper derives the general closed-form expressions for the mean-squared width and the angular spread of partially coherent beams in turbu...Under the quadratic approximation of the Rytov＇s phase structure function, this paper derives the general closed-form expressions for the mean-squared width and the angular spread of partially coherent beams in turbulence. It finds that under a certain condition different types of partially coherent beams may have the same directionality as a fully coherent Gaussian beam in free space and also in atmospheric turbulence if the angular spread is chosen as the characteristic parameter of beam directionality. On the other hand, it shows that generally, the directionality of partially coherent beams expressed in terms of the angular spread is not consistent with that in terms of the normalized far-field average intensity distribution in free space, but the consistency can be achieved due to turbulence.展开更多
The propagation properties of the off-axis superposition of partially coherent beams through atmospheric turbulence and their beam quality in terms of the mean-squared beam width w（z） and the power in the bucket （...The propagation properties of the off-axis superposition of partially coherent beams through atmospheric turbulence and their beam quality in terms of the mean-squared beam width w（z） and the power in the bucket （PIB） are studied in detail, where the effects of partial coherence, off-axis beam superposition and atmospheric turbulence are considered. The analytical expressions for the intensity, the beam width and the PIB are derived, and illustrative examples are given numerically. It is shown that the maximum intensity/max and the PIB decrease and w（z） increases as the refraction index structure constant Cn^2 increases. Therefore, the turbulence results in a degradation of the beam quality. However, the resulting partially coherent beam with a smaller value of spatial correlation parameter γ and larger values of separate distance Xd and beam number M is less affected by the turbulence than that with a larger value of y and smaller values of Xd and M. The main results obtained in this paper are explained physically.展开更多
Based on the modified Rytov theory and the international telecommunication union-radio （ITU-R） slant atmospheric structure constant model, the uniform scintillation index of partially coherent Gaussian-Schell model ...Based on the modified Rytov theory and the international telecommunication union-radio （ITU-R） slant atmospheric structure constant model, the uniform scintillation index of partially coherent Gaussian-Schell model （GSM） beam propa- gation in the slant path is derived from weak- to strong-turbulence regions considering inner- and outer-scale effects. The effects of wavelength of beams and inner- and outer-scale of turbulence on scintillation are analyzed numerically. Compar- ison between the scintillation of GSM beams under the von Karman spectrum and that of beams under the modified Hill spectrum is made. The results obtained show that the scintillation index obtained under the von Karman spectrum is smaller than that under the modified Hill spectrum. This study can find theory bases for the experiments of the partially coherent GSM beam propagation through atmospheric turbulence.展开更多
On the basis of the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle and the model of the refractive-index structure constant in the atmospheric turbulence proposed by the International Telecommunication Union-Radio Communication S...On the basis of the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle and the model of the refractive-index structure constant in the atmospheric turbulence proposed by the International Telecommunication Union-Radio Communication Sector,the characteristics of the partially coherent Gaussian Schell-model（GSM） beams propagating in slanted atmospheric turbulence are studied.Using the cross-spectral density function（CSDF）,we derive the expressions for the effective beam radius,the spreading angle,and the average intensity.The variance of the angle-of-arrival fluctuation and the wander effect of the GSM beam in the turbulence are calculated numerically.The influences of the coherence degree,the propagation distance,the propagation height,and the waist radius on the propagation characteristics of the partially coherent beams are discussed and compared with those of the fully coherent Gaussian beams.展开更多
We experimentally study the generation of a partially coherent non-diffractive beam by focusing a partially coherent vortex beam with an axieon. The investigation results show that when the partially coherent vortex b...We experimentally study the generation of a partially coherent non-diffractive beam by focusing a partially coherent vortex beam with an axieon. The investigation results show that when the partially coherent vortex beam is focused by the axicon, the beam is transferred into a partially coherent higher-order non-diffractive beam. In the non-diffractive zone, the transverse intensity distribution of the partially coherent higher-order non-diffractive beam is invariant during propagation. In addition, the range of the non-diffractive zone is related to the coherence of the partially coherent vortex beam. The poorer the coherence of the partially coherent vortex beam, the shorter the range of the non-diffractive zone.展开更多
Non-classical polarization properties of dark hollow beams propagating through non-Kolmogorov turbulence are studied. The analytic equation for the polarization degree of the quantization partially coherent dark hollo...Non-classical polarization properties of dark hollow beams propagating through non-Kolmogorov turbulence are studied. The analytic equation for the polarization degree of the quantization partially coherent dark hollow beams is obtained.It is found that the polarization fluctuations of the quantization partially coherent dark hollow beams are dependent on the turbulence factors and beam parameters with the detection photon numbers. Furthermore, an investigation of the changes in the on-axis propagation point and off-axis propagation point shows that the polarization degree of the quantization partially coherent dark hollow beams presents oscillation for a short propagation distance and gradually returns to zero for a sufficiently long distance.展开更多
The second-order and fourth-order statistical moments of the speckle field from a diffuse target in atmospheric turbulence are studied which have great influence on the performance of lidar systems. By expanding a gen...The second-order and fourth-order statistical moments of the speckle field from a diffuse target in atmospheric turbulence are studied which have great influence on the performance of lidar systems. By expanding a general rotationally symmetric beam as a sum of Gaussian-Schell model （GSM） beams, the mean intensity of the general beam propagating over a distance in an atmospheric turbulence is formulated. Expressions for the degree of coherence （DOC） and the normalized intensity variance of the scattered field of a general beam from a rough surface in turbulence are derived based on the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle. The general expressions reduce to the well-known forms for a GSM beam. Another example for the general beam used in this paper is the collimated flat-topped beam. The results of both kinds of beams show that the intensity profile on the target plane is a key factor affecting the statistical characteristics of the speckle field. A larger beam spot on the target plane induces a smaller coherence length and a smaller normalized intensity variance of the received field. As turbulence gets stronger, the coherence length becomes smaller, and the normalized intensity variance firstly increases and declines to unity finally.展开更多
Starting from the Rayleigh-Sommerfeld diffraction integral, this paper studies the spectral behavior in Young＇s experiment illuminated by nonparaxial partially coherent light and compares with the paraxial case, wher...Starting from the Rayleigh-Sommerfeld diffraction integral, this paper studies the spectral behavior in Young＇s experiment illuminated by nonparaxial partially coherent light and compares with the paraxial case, where the influence of nonparaxiality of partially coherent light on the spectral shifts and spectral switches is stressed. It is shown that there is a spectral shift in the nonparaxial case relative to the paraxial one and the critical position changes, at which the spectral switch occurs. The ratio of the waist width to the central wavelength ω0/λ0 and relative spatial correlation length △ affect the spectral difference. The smaller ω0/λ0 is, the larger the difference between the nonparaxial and paraxial results appears. The effect of relative spatial correlation length △ is relatively small.展开更多
We derive theoretically and verify experimentally a concise general expression for the normalized intensity correlations(IC)of partially coherent light in a weak atmospheric turbulence in the fast detector measurement...We derive theoretically and verify experimentally a concise general expression for the normalized intensity correlations(IC)of partially coherent light in a weak atmospheric turbulence in the fast detector measurement regime.The derived relation reveals that the medium turbulence acts,in general,as an additional noise source enhancing the IC of partially coherent beams.The maximum of the beam IC is,in general,enhanced,causing the fields to exhibit super-Gaussian statistics.On the other hand,the relation indicates that turbulence-induced noise is negligible for sufficiently low coherence light,which reveals the condition for the turbulence-free correlation imaging.展开更多
This paper derives the explicit expressions for the average intensity, beam width and angular spread of Gaussian Schell-model （GSM） beams with edge dislocation propagating through atmospheric turbulence along a slan...This paper derives the explicit expressions for the average intensity, beam width and angular spread of Gaussian Schell-model （GSM） beams with edge dislocation propagating through atmospheric turbulence along a slant path. The propagation of GSM beams with edge dislocation through horizontal atmospheric turbulence can be treated as a special case through a slant one. The propagation properties of GSM beams with edge dislocation through slant atmospheric turbulence are studied, where the influence of edge dislocation parameters including the slope p and off-axis distance d on the spreading of GSM beams with edge dislocation in atmospheric turbulence is stressed. It shows that the spreading of the intensity profile of GSM beams with edge dislocation along a slant path is smaller than that along a horizontal path in the long-distance atmospheric propagation. The larger the slope ｜p｜ and the smaller the off-axis distance ｜d｜ are, the less the beam-width spreading and angular spread of GSM beams with edge dislocation are affected by turbulence. The CSM beams with edge dislocation is less affected by turbulence than that of GSM beams without edge dislocation. The results are illustrated numerically and their validity is interpreted physically.展开更多
The concept of partially coherent nonparaxial modified Bessel Gauss （MBG） beams is proposed. Based on the generalized Rayleigh-Sommerfeld diffraction integral, the analytical propagation equations of nonparaxial MBG...The concept of partially coherent nonparaxial modified Bessel Gauss （MBG） beams is proposed. Based on the generalized Rayleigh-Sommerfeld diffraction integral, the analytical propagation equations of nonparaxial MBG beams in free space are derived and analysed, and some special cases are discussed. In particular, under the paraxial approximation our results reduce to the corresponding paraxial ones. Numerical calculation examples are given to illustrate the dependence of intensity and spectral degree of coherence on the beam order m, ζ and f parameters, and to compare the difference between the paraxial and nonparaxial results.展开更多
文摘The basic principles of the partial and multiple coherence ananlysis and their utilization on vibration source identification are discussed in detail in this paper. The partial coherence analysis is the effective method of vibration source identification in multiple input single output systems.Formerly, there was not any this kind of function in the signal processor, and there was not any special software too. The software which we developed and used in the 7T 17S signal processor has this function. This software can be used not only for the partial and multiple coherence analysis of signal, but also for the correlation analysis, power spectrum analysis, transfer function analysis et al.We used this software to make the identifcation of the vibration source of the car floor board of electrical measuring vehicle, and to find the main factors which effect the vibration of the car board.The excellent result was obtained. This method can also be used for making the identifications of noise source and other sources.
基金Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No.2021YFC3001000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.U1911204,51861125203)。
文摘Relationship between sea level change and a single climate indicator has been widely discussed.However,few studies focused on the relationship between monthly mean sea level(MMSL)and several key impact factors,including CO_(2) concentration,sea ice area,and sunspots,on various time scales.In addition,research on the independent relationship between climate factors and sea level on various time scales is lacking,especially when the dependence of climate factors on Nino 3.4 is excluded.Based on this,we use wavelet coherence(WC)and partial wavelet coherence(PWC)to establish a relationship between MMSL and its influencing factors.The WC results show that the influence of climate indices on MMSL has strong regional characteristics.The significant correlation between Southern Hemisphere sea ice area and MMSL is opposite to that between Northern Hemisphere sea ice area and MMSL.The PWC results show that after removing the influence of Nino 3.4,the significant coherent regions of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation(PDO),Dipole Mode Index(DMI),Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation(AMO),and Southern Oscillation Index(SOI)decrease to varying degrees on different time scales in different regions,demonstrating the influence of Nino 3.4.Our work emphasizes the interrelationship and independent relationship between MMSL and its influencing factors on various time scales and the use of PWC and WC to describe this relationship.The study has an important reference significance for selecting the best predictors of sea level change or climate systems.
文摘In this paper, a new method is applied to get the computation formula of partial coherence function. The main attention is paid to the computation formula of the partial coherence function with three and four signals. The advantages of the method discussed in the paper are clear in physical meaning and easy to compute at the end of the paper,the application of the method to the identification of an air compressor noise source is presented and the results are satisfactory.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No 10574097）.
文摘Based on the propagation law of cross-spectral density function, studied in this paper are the coherence vortices of partially coherent, quasi-monochromatic singular beams with Gaussian envelope and Schell-model correlator in the far field, where our main attention is paid to the evolution of far-field coherence vortices into intensity vortices of fully coherent beams. The results show that, although there are usually no zeros of intensity in partially coherent beams with Gaussian envelope and Schell-model correlator~ zeros of spectral degree of coherence exist. The coherence vortices of spectral degree of coherence depend on the relative coherence length, mode index and positions of pairs of points. If a point and mode index are kept fixed, the position of coherence vortices changes with the increase of the relative coherence length. For the low coherent case there is a circular phase dislocation. In the coherent limit coherence vortices become intensity vortices of fully coherent Laguerre-Gaussian beams.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 60778048)
文摘Based on a recently formulated unified theory of coherence and polarization, a method is described to study turbulence-induced changes in the polarization, the coherence and the spectrum of partially coherent electromagnetic beams on propagation. The electromagnetic Gaussian Schell-model beam is taken as a typical example of partially coherent electromagnetic beams, and the closed-form expressions for the degree of polarization, the degree of coherence and the spectrum of electromagnetic Gaussian Schell-model beams propagating through atmospheric turbulence are derived in the quadratic approximation of Rytov＇s phase structure function. Some interesting results are obtained, which are illustrated by numerical examples and are explained in physics.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos 10574097 and 10874125)
文摘Taking partially coherent cosh-Gaussian （ChG） beams as an example of more general partially coherent beams, we have studied the spectral degree of coherence of partially coherent ChG beams in the far field. It is shown that, unlike Gaussian Schell-model （GSM） beams, in the strict sense there do not exist two partially coherent ChG beams which can generate far fields with the same spectral degree of coherence. However, under certain conditions it is possible to find two partially coherent ChG beams with the same spectral degree of coherence in the far field.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China (Grant No. BK20190953)。
文摘A partially coherent beam called a radially polarized multi-Gaussian Schell-model power-exponent-phase vortex beam is introduced. Both the analytical formula of the beam propagating through the high-numerical-aperture objective lens based on the vectorial diffraction theory, and the cross-spectral density matrix of the beam in the focal region are derived. Then,the tight focusing characteristics of the partially coherent radially polarized power-exponent-phase vortex beam are studied numerically, and the intensity distribution, degree of polarization and coherence of the beams in the focusing region with different topological charge, power order, beam index and coherence width are analyzed in detail. The results show that the contour of the spot becomes clearer and smoother with the increase in the beam index, and the focal fields of different structures that include the flattened beam can be obtained by changing the coherence width. In addition, by changing the topological charge and power order, the intensity can gather to a point along the ring. These unique properties will have potential applications in particle capture and manipulation, especially in the manipulation of irregular particles.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61172031 and 61271110)
文摘Based on the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle, a two-frequency, two-point cross-spectral density function of partially coherent Gaussian-Schell model pulse （GSMP） beam propagation in slant atmospheric turbulence is derived. Using the Markov approximation method and on the assumption that （w1 - w2）/（w1 ＋ w2） ≤ 1, the theory obtained is valid for turbulence of any strength and can be applied to narrow-band signals. The expressions for average beam intensity, the beam size, and the two-frequency complex degree of coherence of a GSMP beam are obtained. The numerical results are presented, and the effects of the frequency, initial pulse width, initial beam radius, zenith angle, and outer scales on the complex degree of coherence are discussed. This study provides a better understanding of the second-order statistics of a GSMP beam propagating through atmospheric turbulence in the space-frequency domain.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.10874125)
文摘The propagation properties of partially coherent Hermite-Gaussian beams through non-Kolmogorov atmospheric turbulence are studied. The effects of non-Kolmogorov turbulence and beam nonparaxiality on the average intensity evolution and the beam-width spreading are stressed. It is found that the evolution of the average intensity distribution and the beam-width spreading depends on the generalized exponent factor, namely, on the non-Kolmogorov turbulence strength for the paraxial case. For the non-paraxial case the effect of the turbulence is negiigibl% while the beam-width spreading becomes very large. The analytical results are illustrated numerically and interpreted physically.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 60778048)
文摘Under the quadratic approximation of the Rytov＇s phase structure function, this paper derives the general closed-form expressions for the mean-squared width and the angular spread of partially coherent beams in turbulence. It finds that under a certain condition different types of partially coherent beams may have the same directionality as a fully coherent Gaussian beam in free space and also in atmospheric turbulence if the angular spread is chosen as the characteristic parameter of beam directionality. On the other hand, it shows that generally, the directionality of partially coherent beams expressed in terms of the angular spread is not consistent with that in terms of the normalized far-field average intensity distribution in free space, but the consistency can be achieved due to turbulence.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No 60778048)
文摘The propagation properties of the off-axis superposition of partially coherent beams through atmospheric turbulence and their beam quality in terms of the mean-squared beam width w（z） and the power in the bucket （PIB） are studied in detail, where the effects of partial coherence, off-axis beam superposition and atmospheric turbulence are considered. The analytical expressions for the intensity, the beam width and the PIB are derived, and illustrative examples are given numerically. It is shown that the maximum intensity/max and the PIB decrease and w（z） increases as the refraction index structure constant Cn^2 increases. Therefore, the turbulence results in a degradation of the beam quality. However, the resulting partially coherent beam with a smaller value of spatial correlation parameter γ and larger values of separate distance Xd and beam number M is less affected by the turbulence than that with a larger value of y and smaller values of Xd and M. The main results obtained in this paper are explained physically.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61172031 and 61271110)
文摘Based on the modified Rytov theory and the international telecommunication union-radio （ITU-R） slant atmospheric structure constant model, the uniform scintillation index of partially coherent Gaussian-Schell model （GSM） beam propa- gation in the slant path is derived from weak- to strong-turbulence regions considering inner- and outer-scale effects. The effects of wavelength of beams and inner- and outer-scale of turbulence on scintillation are analyzed numerically. Compar- ison between the scintillation of GSM beams under the von Karman spectrum and that of beams under the modified Hill spectrum is made. The results obtained show that the scintillation index obtained under the von Karman spectrum is smaller than that under the modified Hill spectrum. This study can find theory bases for the experiments of the partially coherent GSM beam propagation through atmospheric turbulence.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61172031)
文摘On the basis of the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle and the model of the refractive-index structure constant in the atmospheric turbulence proposed by the International Telecommunication Union-Radio Communication Sector,the characteristics of the partially coherent Gaussian Schell-model（GSM） beams propagating in slanted atmospheric turbulence are studied.Using the cross-spectral density function（CSDF）,we derive the expressions for the effective beam radius,the spreading angle,and the average intensity.The variance of the angle-of-arrival fluctuation and the wander effect of the GSM beam in the turbulence are calculated numerically.The influences of the coherence degree,the propagation distance,the propagation height,and the waist radius on the propagation characteristics of the partially coherent beams are discussed and compared with those of the fully coherent Gaussian beams.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.60977068)the Foundations of the State Key Laboratory for Transient Optical and Photonic Technology of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No.SKL ST200912)
文摘We experimentally study the generation of a partially coherent non-diffractive beam by focusing a partially coherent vortex beam with an axieon. The investigation results show that when the partially coherent vortex beam is focused by the axicon, the beam is transferred into a partially coherent higher-order non-diffractive beam. In the non-diffractive zone, the transverse intensity distribution of the partially coherent higher-order non-diffractive beam is invariant during propagation. In addition, the range of the non-diffractive zone is related to the coherence of the partially coherent vortex beam. The poorer the coherence of the partially coherent vortex beam, the shorter the range of the non-diffractive zone.
基金supported by the Major Research Plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61405205)
文摘Non-classical polarization properties of dark hollow beams propagating through non-Kolmogorov turbulence are studied. The analytic equation for the polarization degree of the quantization partially coherent dark hollow beams is obtained.It is found that the polarization fluctuations of the quantization partially coherent dark hollow beams are dependent on the turbulence factors and beam parameters with the detection photon numbers. Furthermore, an investigation of the changes in the on-axis propagation point and off-axis propagation point shows that the polarization degree of the quantization partially coherent dark hollow beams presents oscillation for a short propagation distance and gradually returns to zero for a sufficiently long distance.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(Grant No.K5051207001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61172031 and 61271110)
文摘The second-order and fourth-order statistical moments of the speckle field from a diffuse target in atmospheric turbulence are studied which have great influence on the performance of lidar systems. By expanding a general rotationally symmetric beam as a sum of Gaussian-Schell model （GSM） beams, the mean intensity of the general beam propagating over a distance in an atmospheric turbulence is formulated. Expressions for the degree of coherence （DOC） and the normalized intensity variance of the scattered field of a general beam from a rough surface in turbulence are derived based on the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle. The general expressions reduce to the well-known forms for a GSM beam. Another example for the general beam used in this paper is the collimated flat-topped beam. The results of both kinds of beams show that the intensity profile on the target plane is a key factor affecting the statistical characteristics of the speckle field. A larger beam spot on the target plane induces a smaller coherence length and a smaller normalized intensity variance of the received field. As turbulence gets stronger, the coherence length becomes smaller, and the normalized intensity variance firstly increases and declines to unity finally.
基金suported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No 10574097)the Outstanding Young Researcher Foundation of Sichuan Province,China (Grant No 03ZQ026-061)+1 种基金the Applied and Basic Research Foundation of Sichuan Province,China (Grant No 05J Y029-102)the Natural Science Foundation of Yibin University,China (Grant No 2008B04)
文摘Starting from the Rayleigh-Sommerfeld diffraction integral, this paper studies the spectral behavior in Young＇s experiment illuminated by nonparaxial partially coherent light and compares with the paraxial case, where the influence of nonparaxiality of partially coherent light on the spectral shifts and spectral switches is stressed. It is shown that there is a spectral shift in the nonparaxial case relative to the paraxial one and the critical position changes, at which the spectral switch occurs. The ratio of the waist width to the central wavelength ω0/λ0 and relative spatial correlation length △ affect the spectral difference. The smaller ω0/λ0 is, the larger the difference between the nonparaxial and paraxial results appears. The effect of relative spatial correlation length △ is relatively small.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11525418,91750201,11874046,11974218,11904247,and 11947239)the National Key Research and Development Project of China(Grant No.2019YFA0705000),Innovation Group of Jinan,China(Grant No.2018GXRC010)+3 种基金Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(Grant No.19KJB140017)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2019M661915)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(Grant No.ZR2019QA004)Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions,China,Qing Lan Project of Jiangsu Province,China,and Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(Grant No.RGPIN-2018-05497).
文摘We derive theoretically and verify experimentally a concise general expression for the normalized intensity correlations(IC)of partially coherent light in a weak atmospheric turbulence in the fast detector measurement regime.The derived relation reveals that the medium turbulence acts,in general,as an additional noise source enhancing the IC of partially coherent beams.The maximum of the beam IC is,in general,enhanced,causing the fields to exhibit super-Gaussian statistics.On the other hand,the relation indicates that turbulence-induced noise is negligible for sufficiently low coherence light,which reveals the condition for the turbulence-free correlation imaging.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.10874125)
文摘This paper derives the explicit expressions for the average intensity, beam width and angular spread of Gaussian Schell-model （GSM） beams with edge dislocation propagating through atmospheric turbulence along a slant path. The propagation of GSM beams with edge dislocation through horizontal atmospheric turbulence can be treated as a special case through a slant one. The propagation properties of GSM beams with edge dislocation through slant atmospheric turbulence are studied, where the influence of edge dislocation parameters including the slope p and off-axis distance d on the spreading of GSM beams with edge dislocation in atmospheric turbulence is stressed. It shows that the spreading of the intensity profile of GSM beams with edge dislocation along a slant path is smaller than that along a horizontal path in the long-distance atmospheric propagation. The larger the slope ｜p｜ and the smaller the off-axis distance ｜d｜ are, the less the beam-width spreading and angular spread of GSM beams with edge dislocation are affected by turbulence. The CSM beams with edge dislocation is less affected by turbulence than that of GSM beams without edge dislocation. The results are illustrated numerically and their validity is interpreted physically.
基金Project supported by the National High Technology Development Program of China （Grant No 823070） and the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No 10574097）.
文摘The concept of partially coherent nonparaxial modified Bessel Gauss （MBG） beams is proposed. Based on the generalized Rayleigh-Sommerfeld diffraction integral, the analytical propagation equations of nonparaxial MBG beams in free space are derived and analysed, and some special cases are discussed. In particular, under the paraxial approximation our results reduce to the corresponding paraxial ones. Numerical calculation examples are given to illustrate the dependence of intensity and spectral degree of coherence on the beam order m, ζ and f parameters, and to compare the difference between the paraxial and nonparaxial results.
