In order to diagnose the diseased pigs in a certain large pig farm in Binzhou City,Shandong Province,the dead piglets with joint swelling were subjected to necroscopy,and the pathogenic bacterium was isolated and iden...In order to diagnose the diseased pigs in a certain large pig farm in Binzhou City,Shandong Province,the dead piglets with joint swelling were subjected to necroscopy,and the pathogenic bacterium was isolated and identified. One Gram-positive Streptococcus was isolated. The strain was subjected to characteristic culture,microscopic examination and molecular biological identification,and resistance detection,animal regression experiment and mouse pathogenicity test were carried out. The results showed that the isolate was identified to be Streptococcus suis serotype 7,which was resistant to multiple drugs; and the pathogenicity test showed that the strain had high pathogenicity to pigs,resulting in neurosis on partial pigs,and the strain had no pathogenicity to Kunming and BALB/c mice but certain pathogenicity to CD1 mice.展开更多
Ophiostomatalean fungi may facilitate bark beetle colonization and reproduction.In the present study of the fungal community associated with bark beetle species belonging to Tomicus in Yunnan,China,six ophiostomatalea...Ophiostomatalean fungi may facilitate bark beetle colonization and reproduction.In the present study of the fungal community associated with bark beetle species belonging to Tomicus in Yunnan,China,six ophiostomatalean fungi(Ophiostoma canum,O.ips,O.tingens,Leptographium yunnanense,Leptographium sp.1 and Leptographium sp.2)were isolated from the beetles or their galleries;O.canum was the most common fungal species.The distribution of O.canum was associated with stands heavily damaged by Tomicus species and a higher percentage of valid galleries of Tomicus yunnanensis and T.minor in Yunnan pine(Pinus yunnanensis).After inoculation of Yunnan pine with the fungus,a phloem reaction zone formed and monoterpenes accumulated in the phloem.These results suggested that O.canum was pathogenic to Yunnan pine and that the wide distribution of the fungus might be benefi cial to reproduction of pine shoot beetles in Yunnan pine.However,because the reaction zone and monoterpene accumulation were mild,fungal damage of Yunnan pine might be limited.A more integrated study considering all the fungal species should be done to better understand the interactions among bark beetles,blue-stain fungi,and the tree hosts in the region.展开更多
Flower blight on anthurium(Anthurium andraeanum)was observed during August 2018 on an anthurium cultivation farm in the Songkhla Province of southern Thailand.The fungal isolate was identified as Neopestalotiopsis cla...Flower blight on anthurium(Anthurium andraeanum)was observed during August 2018 on an anthurium cultivation farm in the Songkhla Province of southern Thailand.The fungal isolate was identified as Neopestalotiopsis clavispora based on the morphology and DNA sequence of the internal transcribed spacer(ITS),translation elongation factor 1-α(tef1-α),andβ-tubulin(tub)genes.The phylogenetic tree,based on the combined sequences of ITS,tef1-α,and tub,confirmed this pathogen as N.clavispora.Pathogenicity of the species was confirmed according to Koch’s postulate:N.clavispora could infect anthurium.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first report of N.clavispora as a pathogen of anthurium.展开更多
Boxelder maple(Acer negundo L.)is widely grown as ornamental trees in China.In 2017 in Pizhou,Jiangsu Province,China,the boxelder maple trees suffered from a disease which caused wilting and yellowing leaves,rotted ro...Boxelder maple(Acer negundo L.)is widely grown as ornamental trees in China.In 2017 in Pizhou,Jiangsu Province,China,the boxelder maple trees suffered from a disease which caused wilting and yellowing leaves,rotted roots,and discolored xylem.The disease broke out from July to August.Seven fungal isolates were obtained from symptomatic tissue and tested for pathogenicity.Isolate An7 was isolated at high frequency from the discolored vascular tissues,which caused the wilt disease on healthy 2-year-old seedlings after inoculation and eventually killed all the seedlings.We conducted molecular analysis for An7,including the partial sequences of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer,calmodulin,RNA polymerase II second largest subunit and the translation elongation factor 1-αand evaluation of the variously sized conidia,chlamydospores and conidiophores and cultural traits.The pathogen was identified as Fusarium nirenbergiae,a member of the Fusarium oxysporum species complex.To our knowledge,this is the first report of F.nirenbergiae causing wilt on A.negundo in China.展开更多
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides sensu lato has been associated with anthracnose in diverse commercial crops.It is now established that C.gloeosporioides sensu lato comprises 33 phylogenetic species and C.gloeosporioide...Colletotrichum gloeosporioides sensu lato has been associated with anthracnose in diverse commercial crops.It is now established that C.gloeosporioides sensu lato comprises 33 phylogenetic species and C.gloeosporioides sensu stricto is not a common pathogen of tropical fruits.In this study,we investigated the phylogenetic relationships of 85 Colletotrichum isolates associated with select tropical fruits and flowering plants from India.In the ApMat marker analysis,the 85 isolates clustered with 7 known Colletotrichum species(C.aotearoa,C.dianesei,C.endomangiferae,C.musae,C.siamense,C.theobromicola,Glomerella cingulata f.sp.camelliae)and six novel lineages.One of the novel lineages is described and illustrated in this paper as Colletotrichum communis sp.nov.,while new-host pathogen associations for C.aotearoa,C.endomangiferae,C.dianesei and C.theobromicola are reported from India.Out of the 85 isolates analysed in this paper,73 isolates clustered within the C.siamense species complex,indicating that C.siamense species complex,not C.gloeosporioides sensu stricto,is common on tropical fruits.In comparison with act,cal,gapdh,ITS and tub2 gene markers,we recommend the use of the ApMat marker for accurate identification of cryptic species within the C.siamense species complex.We believe that the ApMat marker,in combination with one or two similar‘phylogenetically superior’gene markers,is a better candidate for specieslevel classification of fungi that were traditionally identified as‘Colletotrichum gloeosporioides’.展开更多
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2014CQ009)Binzhou Municipal Science and Technology Project(2013GG0304)
文摘In order to diagnose the diseased pigs in a certain large pig farm in Binzhou City,Shandong Province,the dead piglets with joint swelling were subjected to necroscopy,and the pathogenic bacterium was isolated and identified. One Gram-positive Streptococcus was isolated. The strain was subjected to characteristic culture,microscopic examination and molecular biological identification,and resistance detection,animal regression experiment and mouse pathogenicity test were carried out. The results showed that the isolate was identified to be Streptococcus suis serotype 7,which was resistant to multiple drugs; and the pathogenicity test showed that the strain had high pathogenicity to pigs,resulting in neurosis on partial pigs,and the strain had no pathogenicity to Kunming and BALB/c mice but certain pathogenicity to CD1 mice.
文摘Ophiostomatalean fungi may facilitate bark beetle colonization and reproduction.In the present study of the fungal community associated with bark beetle species belonging to Tomicus in Yunnan,China,six ophiostomatalean fungi(Ophiostoma canum,O.ips,O.tingens,Leptographium yunnanense,Leptographium sp.1 and Leptographium sp.2)were isolated from the beetles or their galleries;O.canum was the most common fungal species.The distribution of O.canum was associated with stands heavily damaged by Tomicus species and a higher percentage of valid galleries of Tomicus yunnanensis and T.minor in Yunnan pine(Pinus yunnanensis).After inoculation of Yunnan pine with the fungus,a phloem reaction zone formed and monoterpenes accumulated in the phloem.These results suggested that O.canum was pathogenic to Yunnan pine and that the wide distribution of the fungus might be benefi cial to reproduction of pine shoot beetles in Yunnan pine.However,because the reaction zone and monoterpene accumulation were mild,fungal damage of Yunnan pine might be limited.A more integrated study considering all the fungal species should be done to better understand the interactions among bark beetles,blue-stain fungi,and the tree hosts in the region.
基金supported by Prince of Songkla Universitythe Center of Excellence in Agricultural and Natural Resources Biotechnology(Grant No.CoE-ANRB)phase 3。
文摘Flower blight on anthurium(Anthurium andraeanum)was observed during August 2018 on an anthurium cultivation farm in the Songkhla Province of southern Thailand.The fungal isolate was identified as Neopestalotiopsis clavispora based on the morphology and DNA sequence of the internal transcribed spacer(ITS),translation elongation factor 1-α(tef1-α),andβ-tubulin(tub)genes.The phylogenetic tree,based on the combined sequences of ITS,tef1-α,and tub,confirmed this pathogen as N.clavispora.Pathogenicity of the species was confirmed according to Koch’s postulate:N.clavispora could infect anthurium.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first report of N.clavispora as a pathogen of anthurium.
基金The work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Number:2017YFD0600104).
文摘Boxelder maple(Acer negundo L.)is widely grown as ornamental trees in China.In 2017 in Pizhou,Jiangsu Province,China,the boxelder maple trees suffered from a disease which caused wilting and yellowing leaves,rotted roots,and discolored xylem.The disease broke out from July to August.Seven fungal isolates were obtained from symptomatic tissue and tested for pathogenicity.Isolate An7 was isolated at high frequency from the discolored vascular tissues,which caused the wilt disease on healthy 2-year-old seedlings after inoculation and eventually killed all the seedlings.We conducted molecular analysis for An7,including the partial sequences of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer,calmodulin,RNA polymerase II second largest subunit and the translation elongation factor 1-αand evaluation of the variously sized conidia,chlamydospores and conidiophores and cultural traits.The pathogen was identified as Fusarium nirenbergiae,a member of the Fusarium oxysporum species complex.To our knowledge,this is the first report of F.nirenbergiae causing wilt on A.negundo in China.
基金The authors would like to thank CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology,Chandigarh for the financial support,Dr.D.Ananthapadmanaban for his help in the microscopy and Mr.Deepak Bhatt for DNA sequencing assistance.Drs.Kevin D.Hyde,Lei Cai and Bevan Weir are thanked for the inspiration and useful discussions on Colletotrichum taxonomy.This work was supported by IMTECHOLP0071 project and CSIR-SRF fellowship awarded to GS.This is NIO contribution no.7636 and IMTECH communication no.IMT2014/21.
文摘Colletotrichum gloeosporioides sensu lato has been associated with anthracnose in diverse commercial crops.It is now established that C.gloeosporioides sensu lato comprises 33 phylogenetic species and C.gloeosporioides sensu stricto is not a common pathogen of tropical fruits.In this study,we investigated the phylogenetic relationships of 85 Colletotrichum isolates associated with select tropical fruits and flowering plants from India.In the ApMat marker analysis,the 85 isolates clustered with 7 known Colletotrichum species(C.aotearoa,C.dianesei,C.endomangiferae,C.musae,C.siamense,C.theobromicola,Glomerella cingulata f.sp.camelliae)and six novel lineages.One of the novel lineages is described and illustrated in this paper as Colletotrichum communis sp.nov.,while new-host pathogen associations for C.aotearoa,C.endomangiferae,C.dianesei and C.theobromicola are reported from India.Out of the 85 isolates analysed in this paper,73 isolates clustered within the C.siamense species complex,indicating that C.siamense species complex,not C.gloeosporioides sensu stricto,is common on tropical fruits.In comparison with act,cal,gapdh,ITS and tub2 gene markers,we recommend the use of the ApMat marker for accurate identification of cryptic species within the C.siamense species complex.We believe that the ApMat marker,in combination with one or two similar‘phylogenetically superior’gene markers,is a better candidate for specieslevel classification of fungi that were traditionally identified as‘Colletotrichum gloeosporioides’.
