Objective: To measure the percent of free prostate specific antigen(fPSA) among men without prostate diseases in Xi’an area, and to study the relationship of percent fPSA with age and pathological grade, clinical sta...Objective: To measure the percent of free prostate specific antigen(fPSA) among men without prostate diseases in Xi’an area, and to study the relationship of percent fPSA with age and pathological grade, clinical stage of prostate cancer(PCa) with percent fPSA, and to analyze the difference between the data in China and the overseas data to determine appropriate reference range for Chinese male. Methods: A total of 713 participants were enrolled into the study, with PSA, fPSA in serum measured and the percent fPSA calculated. Out of 713 cases, 679 without prostate diseases were divided into 5 groups by age, and then the relationships of PSA, fPSA and percent fPSA with age were studied, respectively. The relationship of pathological grade and clinical stage with percent fPSA of the 34 participants with PCa was also studied. With the help of the related data of men without prostate disease, the appropriate reference range for Chinese male was established. Results: The increases in PSA or fPSA were correlated with age, while there was no significant correlation between age and percent fPSA. The percent fPSA was also correlated with pathological grade and clinical stage of PCa. The percent fPSA of men without prostate disease in Xi’an area was significantly lower than that in the related overseas data. The reference range of percent fPSA for Chinese male was≥15%. Conclusion: Percent fPSA might be more useful than PSA in the detection of prostate cancer. As the percent fPSA is decreased, the pathological grade is decreased, and the clinical stage is increased, the malignant degree is increased. The reference range of ≥15% is more appropriate for Chinese male.展开更多
Ecotones have received great attention due to its critical function in energy flux, species harbor, global carbon sequestration, and land-atmosphere interaction. This study investigated land use pattern and spatial he...Ecotones have received great attention due to its critical function in energy flux, species harbor, global carbon sequestration, and land-atmosphere interaction. This study investigated land use pattern and spatial heterogeneity of the ecotones among agricultural land, forest land, and grassland of the southeastern Da Hinggan Mountains in the northeastern China. The change of these delineated ecotones under different slopes and aridity conditions was analyzed by two landscape indices, edge density(ED) and core area percentage of landscape(CPL), to explore the inter-linkage between spatial structure of ecotones and socioeconomic development and land management. Specifically, the ecotones such as agriculture-forest(AF) ecotone, forest-grassland(FG) ecotone, and agriculture-forestgrassland(AFG) ecotone moved from the arid southeast to the humid northwest. The flat area with small slope is more edge-fragmented than the steep area since the ED decreases as the slope increases. The AF ecotone mostly found in the humid region is moving to more humid areas while the agriculture-grassland(AG) ecotone mostly found in the dry region is moving towards the drier region.展开更多
Ink layer thickness on the printing plate greatly influences uniformity of ink transferred to the substrates,which is an important indicator of printing quality,so the study of ink layer and its thickness is important...Ink layer thickness on the printing plate greatly influences uniformity of ink transferred to the substrates,which is an important indicator of printing quality,so the study of ink layer and its thickness is important for improving the quality of printing products. Ansys CFX is used here to build a model of ink fluid adhering to lower vibrator roller,form inking roller,and printing plate for analyzing ink transferring in inking process. Ink layer thickness on each position of the model is acquired to analyze the forming mechanism of ink layer on printing plate,as well as the influence of oscillation speed of lower vibrator roller and dot area percentage of plate on ink layer thickness of printing plate. It can be concluded that,in the case of fixed ink supplying amount,ink layer thickness increases along with the increasing of oscillation speed,and decreases when the dot area percentage is getting larger and the minimum is got when the dot area percentage is 100%. At last,experiment of plate inking on print ability tester verifies the correctness of the simulation analysis.展开更多
The research of high-brightness organic light-emitting diodes,as an important branch of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs),makes it possible for achieving high-brightness lighting source and lasing.Heat dissipation...The research of high-brightness organic light-emitting diodes,as an important branch of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs),makes it possible for achieving high-brightness lighting source and lasing.Heat dissipation and efficiency roll off,as two main factors,affect the brightness of the OLEDs heavily.In this paper,high-brightness OLEDs are obtained by utilizing pulse voltage,small areas and micro-cavity structure to minimize the effect of the two factors.The major advances,ongoing challenges and future perspectives of this research frontier are also critically discussed.展开更多
旨在使用加权一步法全基因组关联分析方法,充分利用群体的表型、系谱和基因型信息,探索与大白猪眼肌面积、估计瘦肉率和背膘厚相关的候选基因。本研究收集21754头大白猪眼肌面积、估计瘦肉率和背膘厚的表型记录数据,其中基因型数据个体...旨在使用加权一步法全基因组关联分析方法,充分利用群体的表型、系谱和基因型信息,探索与大白猪眼肌面积、估计瘦肉率和背膘厚相关的候选基因。本研究收集21754头大白猪眼肌面积、估计瘦肉率和背膘厚的表型记录数据,其中基因型数据个体共1259头。通过方差分析和加权一步法全基因组关联分析,确定性状显著相关的数量性状基因座(quantitative trait locus,QTL)。并进行基因注释、GO(gene ontology)功能和KEGG(kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes)通路富集分析。计算结果表明,大白猪眼肌面积、估计瘦肉率和背膘厚的遗传力分别为0.4506±0.0173、0.4968±0.0174和0.4758±0.0172。利用加权一步法全基因组关联分析,定位到与眼肌面积显著相关的候选QTL区域10个,与估计瘦肉率显著相关的候选QTL区域8个,与背膘厚显著相关的候选QTL区域12个。后续基因注释、GO功能和KEGG通路富集分析显示,与眼肌面积相关的候选基因36个,共富集到7个条目;与估计瘦肉率相关的候选基因29个,共富集到2个条目;与背膘厚相关的候选基因41个,共富集到11个条目。分析这些条目中所包含的基因,结果显示其中部分候选基因与生长发育、肌肉脂肪和骨骼发育有关。如ADAL基因影响脂肪细胞分化等活动;FGF 9基因被报道参与骨骼发育等过程。本研究通过加权一步法关联分析定位到与大白猪生长性状相关的重要候选基因,结果扩展了大白猪生长性状的相关研究,并为今后该品种生长性状的基因组遗传改良提供重要分子标记。展开更多
文摘Objective: To measure the percent of free prostate specific antigen(fPSA) among men without prostate diseases in Xi’an area, and to study the relationship of percent fPSA with age and pathological grade, clinical stage of prostate cancer(PCa) with percent fPSA, and to analyze the difference between the data in China and the overseas data to determine appropriate reference range for Chinese male. Methods: A total of 713 participants were enrolled into the study, with PSA, fPSA in serum measured and the percent fPSA calculated. Out of 713 cases, 679 without prostate diseases were divided into 5 groups by age, and then the relationships of PSA, fPSA and percent fPSA with age were studied, respectively. The relationship of pathological grade and clinical stage with percent fPSA of the 34 participants with PCa was also studied. With the help of the related data of men without prostate disease, the appropriate reference range for Chinese male was established. Results: The increases in PSA or fPSA were correlated with age, while there was no significant correlation between age and percent fPSA. The percent fPSA was also correlated with pathological grade and clinical stage of PCa. The percent fPSA of men without prostate disease in Xi’an area was significantly lower than that in the related overseas data. The reference range of percent fPSA for Chinese male was≥15%. Conclusion: Percent fPSA might be more useful than PSA in the detection of prostate cancer. As the percent fPSA is decreased, the pathological grade is decreased, and the clinical stage is increased, the malignant degree is increased. The reference range of ≥15% is more appropriate for Chinese male.
基金Under the auspices of'Strategic Priority Research Program-Climate Change:Carbon Budget and Relevant Issues'of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA05090310)
文摘Ecotones have received great attention due to its critical function in energy flux, species harbor, global carbon sequestration, and land-atmosphere interaction. This study investigated land use pattern and spatial heterogeneity of the ecotones among agricultural land, forest land, and grassland of the southeastern Da Hinggan Mountains in the northeastern China. The change of these delineated ecotones under different slopes and aridity conditions was analyzed by two landscape indices, edge density(ED) and core area percentage of landscape(CPL), to explore the inter-linkage between spatial structure of ecotones and socioeconomic development and land management. Specifically, the ecotones such as agriculture-forest(AF) ecotone, forest-grassland(FG) ecotone, and agriculture-forestgrassland(AFG) ecotone moved from the arid southeast to the humid northwest. The flat area with small slope is more edge-fragmented than the steep area since the ED decreases as the slope increases. The AF ecotone mostly found in the humid region is moving to more humid areas while the agriculture-grassland(AG) ecotone mostly found in the dry region is moving towards the drier region.
基金Supported by the National Key Technology Research and Development Program of China(No.2012BAF13B05-1)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51105009)
文摘Ink layer thickness on the printing plate greatly influences uniformity of ink transferred to the substrates,which is an important indicator of printing quality,so the study of ink layer and its thickness is important for improving the quality of printing products. Ansys CFX is used here to build a model of ink fluid adhering to lower vibrator roller,form inking roller,and printing plate for analyzing ink transferring in inking process. Ink layer thickness on each position of the model is acquired to analyze the forming mechanism of ink layer on printing plate,as well as the influence of oscillation speed of lower vibrator roller and dot area percentage of plate on ink layer thickness of printing plate. It can be concluded that,in the case of fixed ink supplying amount,ink layer thickness increases along with the increasing of oscillation speed,and decreases when the dot area percentage is getting larger and the minimum is got when the dot area percentage is 100%. At last,experiment of plate inking on print ability tester verifies the correctness of the simulation analysis.
基金supported by the Development Foundation for Electronic and Information Industry(2010),the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(Grant No.10DZ1140502)the Mechatronics Engineering Innovation Group Project from the Education Commission of Shanghai Municipality
文摘The research of high-brightness organic light-emitting diodes,as an important branch of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs),makes it possible for achieving high-brightness lighting source and lasing.Heat dissipation and efficiency roll off,as two main factors,affect the brightness of the OLEDs heavily.In this paper,high-brightness OLEDs are obtained by utilizing pulse voltage,small areas and micro-cavity structure to minimize the effect of the two factors.The major advances,ongoing challenges and future perspectives of this research frontier are also critically discussed.
文摘旨在使用加权一步法全基因组关联分析方法,充分利用群体的表型、系谱和基因型信息,探索与大白猪眼肌面积、估计瘦肉率和背膘厚相关的候选基因。本研究收集21754头大白猪眼肌面积、估计瘦肉率和背膘厚的表型记录数据,其中基因型数据个体共1259头。通过方差分析和加权一步法全基因组关联分析,确定性状显著相关的数量性状基因座(quantitative trait locus,QTL)。并进行基因注释、GO(gene ontology)功能和KEGG(kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes)通路富集分析。计算结果表明,大白猪眼肌面积、估计瘦肉率和背膘厚的遗传力分别为0.4506±0.0173、0.4968±0.0174和0.4758±0.0172。利用加权一步法全基因组关联分析,定位到与眼肌面积显著相关的候选QTL区域10个,与估计瘦肉率显著相关的候选QTL区域8个,与背膘厚显著相关的候选QTL区域12个。后续基因注释、GO功能和KEGG通路富集分析显示,与眼肌面积相关的候选基因36个,共富集到7个条目;与估计瘦肉率相关的候选基因29个,共富集到2个条目;与背膘厚相关的候选基因41个,共富集到11个条目。分析这些条目中所包含的基因,结果显示其中部分候选基因与生长发育、肌肉脂肪和骨骼发育有关。如ADAL基因影响脂肪细胞分化等活动;FGF 9基因被报道参与骨骼发育等过程。本研究通过加权一步法关联分析定位到与大白猪生长性状相关的重要候选基因,结果扩展了大白猪生长性状的相关研究,并为今后该品种生长性状的基因组遗传改良提供重要分子标记。
