Polymer science encompasses a different range of materials critical to industries spanning from packaging to biomedicine. Understanding the synthesis, characterization, and applications of common homopolymers and copo...Polymer science encompasses a different range of materials critical to industries spanning from packaging to biomedicine. Understanding the synthesis, characterization, and applications of common homopolymers and copolymers is fundamental to advancing polymer research and development. In this comprehensive review, we explore various preparation methods, including free radical, anionic, and cationic polymerization, utilized for synthesizing homopolymers and copolymers. Furthermore, we investigate solvent choices commonly employed for polymer characterization, ranging from neat conditions, polar protic and polar aprotic solvents. We also explored characterization techniques, including Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). In addition to industrial applications, we highlight the diverse biological applications of homopolymers, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA) and polystyrene, which find its extensive use in biomedicine. By synthesizing and analyzing this wealth of information, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the synthesis, characterization, and applications of homopolymers and copolymers, with a particular focus on their biological applications. This holistic approach not only contributes to advancements in polymer science and technology but also fosters innovation in biomedicine, ultimately benefiting human health and well-being.展开更多
Macroscopic chiral spherulites prepared by hierarchical self-assembly have attracted considerable attention due to their excellent property as chiroptical materials.However,preparing controllable chiral spherulites in...Macroscopic chiral spherulites prepared by hierarchical self-assembly have attracted considerable attention due to their excellent property as chiroptical materials.However,preparing controllable chiral spherulites in bulk film remains a challenge due to the absent knowledge of the evolution mechanism from the molecule to macroscopic crystal during chiral assembly.In this contribution,chiral macroscopic spherulites were constructed with controllable circularly polarized luminescence(CPL)using enantiomeric tartaric acid and rhodamine B co-assembled with liquid crystal block copolymers,poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(methyl methacrylate)bearing azobenzene group side chains.It was found that the chiral liquid crystal field induced by exogenous chiral molecules was closely related to the formation of macroscopic chiral spherulites.Moreover,the transformation of azobenzene cis-trans isomerization under photo-thermal endows films with adjustable CPL.This facile strategy provides a platform to design large-scale chiral structures for chiroptical switching,encryption,and memory storage materials.展开更多
Polyisocyanides and their block copolymers have widespread applications in many fields due to their unique helix and self-assembly properties.At first,the latest progress in the preparation of helical polyisocyanide-b...Polyisocyanides and their block copolymers have widespread applications in many fields due to their unique helix and self-assembly properties.At first,the latest progress in the preparation of helical polyisocyanide-based block copolymers via the method of one-pot sequential controlled synthesis and stepwise polymerization was highlighted in this minireview.Various categories of helical polyisocyanide-based copolymers including amphiphilic block copolymers,UV-response block copolymers,π-conjugated block copolymers,etc.,have been prepared successfully.Moreover,recent advances in the self-assembly and circularly polarized luminescence performance of amphiphilic andπ-conjugated helical polyisocyanide-based copolymers have been introduced,respectively.We hope this minireview will not only inspire more interest in developing helical polyisocyanide-based copolymers,but also encourage further progress in the field of building artificial functional materials.展开更多
文摘Polymer science encompasses a different range of materials critical to industries spanning from packaging to biomedicine. Understanding the synthesis, characterization, and applications of common homopolymers and copolymers is fundamental to advancing polymer research and development. In this comprehensive review, we explore various preparation methods, including free radical, anionic, and cationic polymerization, utilized for synthesizing homopolymers and copolymers. Furthermore, we investigate solvent choices commonly employed for polymer characterization, ranging from neat conditions, polar protic and polar aprotic solvents. We also explored characterization techniques, including Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). In addition to industrial applications, we highlight the diverse biological applications of homopolymers, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA) and polystyrene, which find its extensive use in biomedicine. By synthesizing and analyzing this wealth of information, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the synthesis, characterization, and applications of homopolymers and copolymers, with a particular focus on their biological applications. This holistic approach not only contributes to advancements in polymer science and technology but also fosters innovation in biomedicine, ultimately benefiting human health and well-being.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:21574081,21975156,52233016。
文摘Macroscopic chiral spherulites prepared by hierarchical self-assembly have attracted considerable attention due to their excellent property as chiroptical materials.However,preparing controllable chiral spherulites in bulk film remains a challenge due to the absent knowledge of the evolution mechanism from the molecule to macroscopic crystal during chiral assembly.In this contribution,chiral macroscopic spherulites were constructed with controllable circularly polarized luminescence(CPL)using enantiomeric tartaric acid and rhodamine B co-assembled with liquid crystal block copolymers,poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(methyl methacrylate)bearing azobenzene group side chains.It was found that the chiral liquid crystal field induced by exogenous chiral molecules was closely related to the formation of macroscopic chiral spherulites.Moreover,the transformation of azobenzene cis-trans isomerization under photo-thermal endows films with adjustable CPL.This facile strategy provides a platform to design large-scale chiral structures for chiroptical switching,encryption,and memory storage materials.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52273204,52273006,22071041,21971052,51903072,21871073)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(No.PA2021GDSK0064)the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province,China(No.2008085MB51).
文摘Polyisocyanides and their block copolymers have widespread applications in many fields due to their unique helix and self-assembly properties.At first,the latest progress in the preparation of helical polyisocyanide-based block copolymers via the method of one-pot sequential controlled synthesis and stepwise polymerization was highlighted in this minireview.Various categories of helical polyisocyanide-based copolymers including amphiphilic block copolymers,UV-response block copolymers,π-conjugated block copolymers,etc.,have been prepared successfully.Moreover,recent advances in the self-assembly and circularly polarized luminescence performance of amphiphilic andπ-conjugated helical polyisocyanide-based copolymers have been introduced,respectively.We hope this minireview will not only inspire more interest in developing helical polyisocyanide-based copolymers,but also encourage further progress in the field of building artificial functional materials.
