CsPbX_(3)-based(X=I,Br,Cl)inorganic perovskite solar cells(PSCs)prepared by low-temperature process have attracted much attention because of their low cost and excellent thermal stability.However,the high trap state d...CsPbX_(3)-based(X=I,Br,Cl)inorganic perovskite solar cells(PSCs)prepared by low-temperature process have attracted much attention because of their low cost and excellent thermal stability.However,the high trap state density and serious charge recombination between low-temperature processed TiO_(2)film and inorganic perovskite layer interface seriously restrict the performance of all-inorganic PSCs.Here a thin polyethylene oxide(PEO)layer is employed to modify TiO_(2)film to passivate traps and promote carrier collection.The impacts of PEO layer on microstructure and photoelectric characteristics of TiO_(2)film and related devices are systematically studied.Characterization results suggest that PEO modification can reduce the surface roughness of TiO_(2)film,decrease its average surface potential,and passivate trap states.At optimal conditions,the champion efficiency of CsPbI_(2)Br PSCs with PEO-modified TiO_(2)(PEO-PSCs)has been improved to 11.24%from 9.03%of reference PSCs.Moreover,the hysteresis behavior and charge recombination have been suppressed in PEO-PSCs.展开更多
Hybrid materials were prepared using a silane coupling agent, tetraethoxysilane （ TEOS ） as the precursor, dilute hydrochloric acid as the catalyst, and epoxy as the matrices. The films coated with hybrid materials ...Hybrid materials were prepared using a silane coupling agent, tetraethoxysilane （ TEOS ） as the precursor, dilute hydrochloric acid as the catalyst, and epoxy as the matrices. The films coated with hybrid materials were expected to improve abrasion resistance and mechanical properties. The morphology, mechanical properties, adhesion, and abrasion resistance of the polyethylene terephthalate （PET） films were characterized using an atomic force microscope, a tensile testing machine, a bagger knife, and a reciprocating fabric abrasion tester. The result of research indicated that the modification significantly affected the abrasion resistance and roughness. The-tensile strength and abrasion resistance of the modified PET films increased by 40% and 50% respectively at 3 % TEOS mass fraction.展开更多
Lanthanum-rhodamine (6G and B) complexes were synthesized by Rheological Phase Reaction Method. Lanthanum-rhodamine (6G and B) complexes doped polyethylene films which have a function of lights-conversion were prepare...Lanthanum-rhodamine (6G and B) complexes were synthesized by Rheological Phase Reaction Method. Lanthanum-rhodamine (6G and B) complexes doped polyethylene films which have a function of lights-conversion were prepared. The emission and excitation spectra were measured. The experiments of growing seedling and culture were carried out in the shed built with doped and undoped polyethylene films. Lanthanum-rhodamine doped polyethylene films which have a function of lights-conversion can efficiently convert the green light in the sunlight to the red light for photosynthesis of crops, to promote the maturing of crops and raise the yield of crops.展开更多
Low density polyethylene film surface-grafted phenolic resole was prepared by a sequential processes. Firstly, acrylic acid was grafted to the surface of low density polyethylene by photo-grafting. Secondly, the carbo...Low density polyethylene film surface-grafted phenolic resole was prepared by a sequential processes. Firstly, acrylic acid was grafted to the surface of low density polyethylene by photo-grafting. Secondly, the carboxylic groups in poly（acrylic acid） chains were transferred to sulfonic groups by the reaction of carboxylic groups with sulfanilic acid. Finally, a thin layer of phenolic resole was cured onto the surface of low density polyethylene. The grafting process was characterized by FTIR-ATR and gravimetric analysis. A possible model was proposed to interpret the experimental results.展开更多
High-density polyethylene(HDPE)film leakage location detection is frequently accomplished using the double-electrode technique.The electric potential and potential difference are the main physical parameters in the do...High-density polyethylene(HDPE)film leakage location detection is frequently accomplished using the double-electrode technique.The electric potential and potential difference are the main physical parameters in the double-electrode approach.Due to the impact of the complex geoelectric environment,the electric potential and the electric potential difference are not sensitive enough to respond to minimal leakage.The tiny leaking area cannot be precisely located using the electric potential and electric potential difference.Using the COMSOL Multiphysics software,this study created a standard geoelectric model of the double-electrode method.We calculated a new parameter—the G parameter through secondary electric potential difference—based on the response characteristics of the electric potential and the electric potential difference while the HDPEfilm is leaking.The experiment demonstrates that the G parameter is more sensitive than the electric potential and electric potential difference for detecting the leaking area of HDPE film.The G parameter is more effective at detecting leakage than the electric potential and electric potential difference.The results of this study can be used to locate HDPEfilm leakage areas in a landfill.展开更多
Straw utilization is a key issue related to agricultural production and air pollution control.In this study,a novel extrusion process was proposed to improve the physical and mechanical properties of the straw-reinfor...Straw utilization is a key issue related to agricultural production and air pollution control.In this study,a novel extrusion process was proposed to improve the physical and mechanical properties of the straw-reinforced linear low-density polyethylene(LLDPE)composite.Instead of crushing the straw and mixing it with plastic matrix,the new method mixes straw with plastic matrix in its original form.The intact long rice straws were parallelly spread on the LLDPE film and then rolled up together into a prefabricated roll.The rolls experienced three extrusion processes as follows:(1)twin-screw melting,cooling and crushing,single-screw extruding;(2)twin-screw melting and single-screw extruding;(3)directly single-screw extruding.The testing results showed that the straw/LLDPE composite(with a ratio of 6:4)prepared by Method(2)exhibited optimized properties.Characterization by scanning electron microscopy indicated that the damage to rice straw fibers was relatively minor,the orientation of long fibers was good,and the binding of fibers with the LLDPE matrix was excellent in this case.The results of dynamic mechanical testing(DMA),differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)and thermogravimetric(TG)analysis demonstrated that composites prepared by the new process exhibited significantly improved thermal stability and energy storage modulus,compared with those prepared by conventional processes(e.g.,extruded straw particles/LLDPE composite).The new proposed method yielded significantly enhanced mechanical properties while reducing dust pollution.展开更多
Agriculture has a close relationship with nature,but it can also be the source of negative and permanent environmental effects.The use of pesticides in modern agriculture is a common practice,but their side effects on...Agriculture has a close relationship with nature,but it can also be the source of negative and permanent environmental effects.The use of pesticides in modern agriculture is a common practice,but their side effects on the environment cannot be disregarded.In this study,we evaluated a combination of solarization and ozonation techniques for the elimination of six amide pesticides(boscalid,chlorantraniliprole,cyflufenamid,fluopyram,napropamide,and propyzamide)in soil.Initial experiments were performed with four different soils to assess the efficiency of this methodology at different soil temperatures and ozone dosages under laboratory conditions,and then a greenhouse pot experiment was conducted under controlled conditions during summer.Fifty days after the onset of the experiments,higher degradation percentages of amide pesticides were observed in ozonized soils than in other treated soils,particularly when ozone was applied at 10 cm soil depth.The results show that the utilization of ozonation,along with solarization,represents a valid method for degrading residues of the studied pesticides and suggest that this combined technology may be a promising tool for remediating pesticide-polluted soils.展开更多
In this study,the infuence of solid particle erosion on the fracture strength of low density polyethylene(LDPE)film under con-trolled conditions is investigated through impact experiments.The variations in the residua...In this study,the infuence of solid particle erosion on the fracture strength of low density polyethylene(LDPE)film under con-trolled conditions is investigated through impact experiments.The variations in the residual fracture stress as well as the residual fracture strain of the LDPE flm after solid particle impact against the impact angle(α),impact velocity(νp)and impact duration(t)are analysed.The study revealed that the fracture stress and the fracture strain of the LDPE film decrease with an increase in the impact duration,and the degradation rate increases with the impact velocity and impact angle.Furthermore,the fracture stress and the fracture strain of LDPE film decrease exponentially against the impact energy under the same particle impact angle condition,and the reductions of fracture stress and fracture strain increase quasi-linearly with the sine-squared impact angle under the same impact energy.The study proposes empirical models to predict the attenuation of the fracture stress and the fracture strain of LDPE films due to the finite particle impact energy.展开更多
基金financially supported by the Guangzhou Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,China(No.303523)。
文摘CsPbX_(3)-based(X=I,Br,Cl)inorganic perovskite solar cells(PSCs)prepared by low-temperature process have attracted much attention because of their low cost and excellent thermal stability.However,the high trap state density and serious charge recombination between low-temperature processed TiO_(2)film and inorganic perovskite layer interface seriously restrict the performance of all-inorganic PSCs.Here a thin polyethylene oxide(PEO)layer is employed to modify TiO_(2)film to passivate traps and promote carrier collection.The impacts of PEO layer on microstructure and photoelectric characteristics of TiO_(2)film and related devices are systematically studied.Characterization results suggest that PEO modification can reduce the surface roughness of TiO_(2)film,decrease its average surface potential,and passivate trap states.At optimal conditions,the champion efficiency of CsPbI_(2)Br PSCs with PEO-modified TiO_(2)(PEO-PSCs)has been improved to 11.24%from 9.03%of reference PSCs.Moreover,the hysteresis behavior and charge recombination have been suppressed in PEO-PSCs.
基金Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars,Ministry of Education of China(No.2005-383)
文摘Hybrid materials were prepared using a silane coupling agent, tetraethoxysilane （ TEOS ） as the precursor, dilute hydrochloric acid as the catalyst, and epoxy as the matrices. The films coated with hybrid materials were expected to improve abrasion resistance and mechanical properties. The morphology, mechanical properties, adhesion, and abrasion resistance of the polyethylene terephthalate （PET） films were characterized using an atomic force microscope, a tensile testing machine, a bagger knife, and a reciprocating fabric abrasion tester. The result of research indicated that the modification significantly affected the abrasion resistance and roughness. The-tensile strength and abrasion resistance of the modified PET films increased by 40% and 50% respectively at 3 % TEOS mass fraction.
文摘Lanthanum-rhodamine (6G and B) complexes were synthesized by Rheological Phase Reaction Method. Lanthanum-rhodamine (6G and B) complexes doped polyethylene films which have a function of lights-conversion were prepared. The emission and excitation spectra were measured. The experiments of growing seedling and culture were carried out in the shed built with doped and undoped polyethylene films. Lanthanum-rhodamine doped polyethylene films which have a function of lights-conversion can efficiently convert the green light in the sunlight to the red light for photosynthesis of crops, to promote the maturing of crops and raise the yield of crops.
文摘Low density polyethylene film surface-grafted phenolic resole was prepared by a sequential processes. Firstly, acrylic acid was grafted to the surface of low density polyethylene by photo-grafting. Secondly, the carboxylic groups in poly（acrylic acid） chains were transferred to sulfonic groups by the reaction of carboxylic groups with sulfanilic acid. Finally, a thin layer of phenolic resole was cured onto the surface of low density polyethylene. The grafting process was characterized by FTIR-ATR and gravimetric analysis. A possible model was proposed to interpret the experimental results.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant Nos. 2019YFC1510802 and 2019YFC1804302)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41504081)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. 2019B17214)。
文摘High-density polyethylene(HDPE)film leakage location detection is frequently accomplished using the double-electrode technique.The electric potential and potential difference are the main physical parameters in the double-electrode approach.Due to the impact of the complex geoelectric environment,the electric potential and the electric potential difference are not sensitive enough to respond to minimal leakage.The tiny leaking area cannot be precisely located using the electric potential and electric potential difference.Using the COMSOL Multiphysics software,this study created a standard geoelectric model of the double-electrode method.We calculated a new parameter—the G parameter through secondary electric potential difference—based on the response characteristics of the electric potential and the electric potential difference while the HDPEfilm is leaking.The experiment demonstrates that the G parameter is more sensitive than the electric potential and electric potential difference for detecting the leaking area of HDPE film.The G parameter is more effective at detecting leakage than the electric potential and electric potential difference.The results of this study can be used to locate HDPEfilm leakage areas in a landfill.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32071704).
文摘Straw utilization is a key issue related to agricultural production and air pollution control.In this study,a novel extrusion process was proposed to improve the physical and mechanical properties of the straw-reinforced linear low-density polyethylene(LLDPE)composite.Instead of crushing the straw and mixing it with plastic matrix,the new method mixes straw with plastic matrix in its original form.The intact long rice straws were parallelly spread on the LLDPE film and then rolled up together into a prefabricated roll.The rolls experienced three extrusion processes as follows:(1)twin-screw melting,cooling and crushing,single-screw extruding;(2)twin-screw melting and single-screw extruding;(3)directly single-screw extruding.The testing results showed that the straw/LLDPE composite(with a ratio of 6:4)prepared by Method(2)exhibited optimized properties.Characterization by scanning electron microscopy indicated that the damage to rice straw fibers was relatively minor,the orientation of long fibers was good,and the binding of fibers with the LLDPE matrix was excellent in this case.The results of dynamic mechanical testing(DMA),differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)and thermogravimetric(TG)analysis demonstrated that composites prepared by the new process exhibited significantly improved thermal stability and energy storage modulus,compared with those prepared by conventional processes(e.g.,extruded straw particles/LLDPE composite).The new proposed method yielded significantly enhanced mechanical properties while reducing dust pollution.
基金supported by the European Commission through the LIFE+Program(No.LIFE-AgRemSO3il 17 ENV/ES/000203)。
文摘Agriculture has a close relationship with nature,but it can also be the source of negative and permanent environmental effects.The use of pesticides in modern agriculture is a common practice,but their side effects on the environment cannot be disregarded.In this study,we evaluated a combination of solarization and ozonation techniques for the elimination of six amide pesticides(boscalid,chlorantraniliprole,cyflufenamid,fluopyram,napropamide,and propyzamide)in soil.Initial experiments were performed with four different soils to assess the efficiency of this methodology at different soil temperatures and ozone dosages under laboratory conditions,and then a greenhouse pot experiment was conducted under controlled conditions during summer.Fifty days after the onset of the experiments,higher degradation percentages of amide pesticides were observed in ozonized soils than in other treated soils,particularly when ozone was applied at 10 cm soil depth.The results show that the utilization of ozonation,along with solarization,represents a valid method for degrading residues of the studied pesticides and suggest that this combined technology may be a promising tool for remediating pesticide-polluted soils.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.92052202,and 11702122).
文摘In this study,the infuence of solid particle erosion on the fracture strength of low density polyethylene(LDPE)film under con-trolled conditions is investigated through impact experiments.The variations in the residual fracture stress as well as the residual fracture strain of the LDPE flm after solid particle impact against the impact angle(α),impact velocity(νp)and impact duration(t)are analysed.The study revealed that the fracture stress and the fracture strain of the LDPE film decrease with an increase in the impact duration,and the degradation rate increases with the impact velocity and impact angle.Furthermore,the fracture stress and the fracture strain of LDPE film decrease exponentially against the impact energy under the same particle impact angle condition,and the reductions of fracture stress and fracture strain increase quasi-linearly with the sine-squared impact angle under the same impact energy.The study proposes empirical models to predict the attenuation of the fracture stress and the fracture strain of LDPE films due to the finite particle impact energy.
