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Energy consumption hierarchical analysis based on interpretative structural model for ethylene production
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作者 韩永明 耿志强 +1 位作者 朱群雄 林晓勇 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2015年第12期2029-2036,共8页
Interpretative structural model(ISM) can transform a multivariate problem into several sub-variable problems to analyze a complex industrial structure in a more efficient way by building a multi-level hierarchical str... Interpretative structural model(ISM) can transform a multivariate problem into several sub-variable problems to analyze a complex industrial structure in a more efficient way by building a multi-level hierarchical structure model. To build an ISM of a production system, the partial correlation coefficient method is proposed to obtain the adjacency matrix, which can be transformed to ISM. According to estimation of correlation coefficient, the result can give actual variable correlations and eliminate effects of intermediate variables. Furthermore, this paper proposes an effective approach using ISM to analyze the main factors and basic mechanisms that affect the energy consumption in an ethylene production system. The case study shows that the proposed energy consumption analysis method is valid and efficient in improvement of energy efficiency in ethylene production. 展开更多
关键词 Partial correlation coefficient Interpretative structural model Energy consumption Hierarchical analysis Ethylene production Chemical processes
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ON AN EXTENSION OF ABEL-GONTSCHAROFF'S EXPANSION FORMULA 被引量:1
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作者 Tianxiao He Leetsch C. Hsu Peter J. S. Shiue 《Analysis in Theory and Applications》 2005年第4期359-369,共11页
We present a constructive generalization of Abel-Gontscharoff's series expansion to higher dimensions. A constructive application to a problem of multivariate interpolation is also investigated. In addition, two algo... We present a constructive generalization of Abel-Gontscharoff's series expansion to higher dimensions. A constructive application to a problem of multivariate interpolation is also investigated. In addition, two algorithms for constructing the basis functions of the interpolants are given. 展开更多
关键词 Abel-Gontscharoff's Expansion Formula Abel-Gontscharoff-Gould polynomial multivariate Abel-Gontscharoff interpolation higher dimensional dot product annihilation coefficients
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Estimating the costs of one hectare of poplar planting and supplying wood required for producing various types of paper in Iran
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作者 Majid AZIZI 《Forestry Studies in China》 CAS 2013年第4期349-356,共8页
In Iran, due to abundant restrictions on harvesting wood from northern forests by implementing the preservation project and also lack of possibility for sufficient wood production, development of the area of planting ... In Iran, due to abundant restrictions on harvesting wood from northern forests by implementing the preservation project and also lack of possibility for sufficient wood production, development of the area of planting poplar is quite inevitable. Poplar wood properties have special importance to produce many wood production, particularly pulp and paper. Paper factories are the major consumers of poplar wood at the global level and this is because of unique morphological, physical, mechanical and technological properties of poplar wood. Therefore, regarding the importance of using this species in making various printing and writing paper, packaging or carton, cardboard and newsprint, in this study, costs of poplar production in one hectare including planting and harvesting were examined and determined. Then, based on conversion coefficients of FAO, required round wood, productivity and the cost of poplar wood were calculated for the producing various kinds of paper. The results indicate that carton and cardboard paper or packaging allocate the lowest cost and highest return, while printing and writing paper had highest cost and lowest return in terms of poplar wood supply needed for paper production. 展开更多
关键词 POPLAR packaging paper newsprint paper printing and writing paper PLANTING conversion coefficient productivity
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Impact of Climate Change on Maize Potential Productivity and the Potential Productivity Gap in Southwest China 被引量:8
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作者 赫迪 王靖 +4 位作者 戴彤 冯利平 张建平 潘学标 潘志华 《Journal of Meteorological Research》 SCIE 2014年第6期1155-1167,共13页
The impact of climate change on maize potential productivity and the potential productivity gap in Southwest China(SWC) are investigated in this paper.We analyze the impact of climate change on the photosynthetic,li... The impact of climate change on maize potential productivity and the potential productivity gap in Southwest China(SWC) are investigated in this paper.We analyze the impact of climate change on the photosynthetic,light-temperature,and climatic potential productivity of maize and their gaps in SWC,by using a crop growth dynamics statistical method.During the maize growing season from 1961 to 2010,minimum temperature increased by 0.20℃ per decade(p 〈 0.01) across SWC.The largest increases in average and minimum temperatures were observed mostly in areas of Yunnan Province.Growing season average sunshine hours decreased by 0.2 h day^(-1) per decade(p 〈 0.01) and total precipitation showed an insignificant decreasing trend across SWC.Photosynthetic potential productivity decreased by 298 kg ha^(-1)per decade(p 〈 0.05).Both light-temperature and climatic potential productivity decreased(p 〈 0.05) in the northeast of SWC,whereas they increased(p 〈 0.05) in the southwest of SWC.The gap between lighttemperature and climatic potential productivity varied from 12 to 2729 kg ha^(-1),with the high value areas centered in northern and southwestern SWC.Climatic productivity of these areas reached only 10%-24%of the light-temperature potential productivity,suggesting that there is great potential to increase the maize potential yield by improving water management in these areas.In particular,the gap has become larger in the most recent 10 years.Sensitivity analysis shows that the climatic potential productivity of maize is most sensitive to changes in temperature in SWC.The findings of this study are helpful for quantification of irrigation water requirements so as to achieve maximum yield potentials in SWC. 展开更多
关键词 climate change crop growth dynamics statistical method potential productivity sensitivity coefficient
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Analysis of the influencing factors of PAEs volatilization from typical plastic products 被引量:5
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作者 Weidong Chen Chenchen Chi +3 位作者 Chen Zhou Meng Xia Cees Ronda Xueyou Shen 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2018年第4期61-70,共10页
The primary emphasis of this research was to investigate the foundations of phthalate(PAEs) pollutant source researches and then firstly confirmed the concept of the coefficient of volatile strength, namely phthalat... The primary emphasis of this research was to investigate the foundations of phthalate(PAEs) pollutant source researches and then firstly confirmed the concept of the coefficient of volatile strength, namely phthalate total content in per unit mass and unit surface area of pollutant sources. Through surveying and evaluating the coefficient of volatile strength of PAEs from typical plastic products, this research carried out reasonable classification of PAEs pollutant sources into three categories and then investigated the relationship amongst the coefficient of volatile strength as well as other environmental factors and the concentration level of total PAEs in indoor air measured in environment chambers.Research obtained phthalate concentration results under different temperature, humidity,the coefficient of volatile strength and the closed time through the chamber experiment. In addition, this study further explored the correlation and ratio of influencing factors that affect the concentration level of total PAEs in environment chambers, including environmental factors, the coefficient of volatile strengths of PAEs and contents of total PAEs in plastic products. The research created an improved database system of phthalate the coefficient of volatile strengths of each type of plastic goods, and tentatively revealed that the volatile patterns of PAEs from different typical plastic goods, finally confirmed that the coefficient of volatile strengths of PAEs is a major factor that affects the indoor air total PAEs concentration, which laid a solid foundation for further establishing the volatile equation of PAEs from plastic products. 展开更多
关键词 Phthalate esters Air The coefficient of volatile strength Typical plastic products The influencing factors
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Degradation of indomethacin in river water under stress and non-stress laboratory conditions:degradation products,long-term evolution and adsorption to sediment 被引量:1
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作者 Juan J.Jimenez Maria I.Sanchez +1 位作者 Rafael Pardo Beatriz E.Munoz 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2017年第1期13-20,共8页
The pharmaceutical compound indomethacin is not totally removed in wastewater treatment plants,whose effluents flow into aquatic environments;concentrations in the 0.1-100 ng/L range are commonly found in surface wate... The pharmaceutical compound indomethacin is not totally removed in wastewater treatment plants,whose effluents flow into aquatic environments;concentrations in the 0.1-100 ng/L range are commonly found in surface waters,and its fate is unknown.Here,biological,photochemical and thermal degradation assays were conducted under stress and non-stress conditions to estimate its degradation rate in river water and establish its degradation products over time.The results revealed that direct sunlight irradiation promoted the complete degradation of indomethacin(2 μg/L) in less than 6 hr,but indomethacin was detected over a period of 4 months when water was kept under the natural day-night cycle and the exposure to sunlight was partially limited,as occurs inside a body of water.The biological degradation in water was negligible,while the hydrolysis at pH 7.8 was slow.Residues were monitored by ultra-pressure liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight/mass spectrometry after solid-phase extraction,and six degradation products were found;their structures were proposed based on the molecular formulae and fragmentation observed in high-resolution tandem mass spectra.4-Chlorobenzoic and 2-acetamido-5-methoxybenzoic acids were the long-term transformation products,persisting for at least 30 weeks in water kept under non-stress conditions.Furthermore,the degradation in the presence of sediment was also monitored over time,with some differences being noted.The adsorption coefficients of indomethacin and degradation products on river sediment were calculated;long-term degradation products did not have significant adsorption to sediment. 展开更多
关键词 Indomethacin Degradation products River water Adsorption coefficients High-resolution mass spectrometry
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