The aim of this study is to assess the adverse effects of lead, a well-documented non-essential element that occurs naturally in the environment, on Channa punctatus, in relation with ROS production and oxidative stre...The aim of this study is to assess the adverse effects of lead, a well-documented non-essential element that occurs naturally in the environment, on Channa punctatus, in relation with ROS production and oxidative stress. Fishes were sampled, acclimatized and kept treated or untreated with lead (9.43 mg/L) under observation for 4 days. At day 4, respiratory burst activity, lipid peroxidation activity and superoxide dismutase level increased significantly in treated group as compared to the control. On the contrary, catalase, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and reduced glutathione activity decreased on treatment with lead. These results suggest that heavy metal like lead induces oxidative stress, influences the antioxidant defense system and may lead to physiological disorders rendering the health and survival of exposed fish to a compromised state.展开更多
Insects with their ecological superpower have enormous capacity to transform small pollution damage in forests to full scale calamities. Acid rain resulting from extensive coal burning is the chief pollutant in China....Insects with their ecological superpower have enormous capacity to transform small pollution damage in forests to full scale calamities. Acid rain resulting from extensive coal burning is the chief pollutant in China. Acid rain activates from soil deposits toxic metals, which are transferred to trees and further to insects eating them. We studied the levels of the toxic Cd, its antagonists Zn and Cu, and acid rain indicators Fe and Mn in the forest pest moth Dendrolimus punctatus Walker (Lepidoptera:Lasiocampidae) in variously polluted Pinus massoniana Lamb forests in China.\; The highest density of D. punctatus , as well as the highest Cd levels developed in the moderately polluted forests. Possibly Cd had there broken down the pest resistance of the pines. The paradoxical coexistence of high Cd level and elevated population density of the pest seems to result from the high accumulation of Cd in its ichneumonid parasitoid. In the most heavily polluted forests the Cd level in needles was low, possibly because the strong acid rain had washed away most of the Cd deposit in the soil. It existed there no D.punctatus population. Absence of pest insects from the most heavily polluted areas is a common phenomenon.展开更多
Objective:To study the incidence of encysted progenetic metacercariae of Clinostomum complanatum(C. complanatum) in Channa punctatus(C. punctatus), associated histopathology and the experimental infection to laborator...Objective:To study the incidence of encysted progenetic metacercariae of Clinostomum complanatum(C. complanatum) in Channa punctatus(C. punctatus), associated histopathology and the experimental infection to laboratory chicken to obtain ovigerous adult worms.Methods:Live C. punctatus were brought from local fish market of Aligarh, India, dissected and examined on a monthly basis for the presence of C. complanatumcysts. For histochemistry, infected tissue sections with attached cysts were processed for haematoxylene and eosin staining. Cysts were aseptically fed to 4 day old leghorn chicken to obtain adult worms. Mechanically excysted metacercaria and the ovigerous adult worms were stained in carmine to prepare permanent slides.Results:One year survey for the infection of encysted progenetic metacercaria of C.complanatuminC. punctatusrevealed the prevalence, intensity and abundance of 24.7%, 2.27and 0.608, respectively. Histopathology showed heavy infiltration of immune cells at the site of cyst attachment and some tissue damage was also evident. Following feeding to experimental chicken, about 41.07% of the encysted metacercariae were able to excyst and migrate back to bucco-pharyngeal region where they tenaciously attached and fed on blood, and transformed into ovigerous adult worms from 62 hours onwards of post infection.Conclusions:The parasite is potentially pathogenic to the host, and the availability of a suitable intermediate host can be a contributing factor for the occurrence of C. complanatummetacercaria either in the excysted or encysted form, indicating loose host specificity and zoonotic potential.展开更多
In recent years,Konosirus punctatus has accounted for a large portion in catch composition and become important economic species in the South Yellow Sea.However,the distribution of K.punctatus early life stages is sti...In recent years,Konosirus punctatus has accounted for a large portion in catch composition and become important economic species in the South Yellow Sea.However,the distribution of K.punctatus early life stages is still poorly understood.In this study,generalized additive models with Tweedie distribution were used to analyze the relationships between K.punctatus ichthyoplankton and environmental factors(longitude and latitude,sea surface temperature(SST),sea surface salinity(SSS)and depth),and predict distribution K.punctatus spawning ground and nursing ground,based on samplings collected in 6 months during 2014–2017.The results showed that K.punctatus’spawning ground were mainly distributed in central and north study area(from 33.0°N to 37.0°N).By comparison,the nursing ground shifted southward,which were approximately located along central and south coast of study area(from 31.7°N to 35.5°N).The optimal models identified that suitable SST,SSS and depth for eggs were 19–26℃,25–30 and 9–23 m,respectively.The suitable SSS for larvae were 29–31.The K.punctatus spawning habit might have changed in the past decades,which was a response to increasing SST and fishing pressure.That needs to be proved in further study.The study provides references of conservation and exploitation for K.punctatus.展开更多
Objective The putative coronatean Punctatus flourished at the beginning of the Cambrian explosion,and is significant in the exploration of the origin and evolution of early life.Liu Yunhuan established a new species:P...Objective The putative coronatean Punctatus flourished at the beginning of the Cambrian explosion,and is significant in the exploration of the origin and evolution of early life.Liu Yunhuan established a new species:Punctatus triangulicostalis Liu,2006.Two questions remain:how was the special body plan of P.triangulicostalis formed?How does P.triangulicostalis transform from embryo展开更多
To maintain,develop and rationally utilize marine organisms,understanding their genetic structure and habitat adaptation pattern is necessary.Konosirus punctatus,which is a commercial fish species inhabiting the Indo-...To maintain,develop and rationally utilize marine organisms,understanding their genetic structure and habitat adaptation pattern is necessary.Konosirus punctatus,which is a commercial fish species inhabiting the Indo-west Pacific Ocean,has shown an obvious annual global capture and aquaculture production decline due to climate changes and human activities.In the present study,restriction-site associated DNA sequencing(RAD-seq)was used to describe its genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms panel(SNPs).Among 146 individuals collected at nine locations scattered in China,Korea and Japan,a set of 632,090 SNPs were identified.Population genetic analysis showed that K.punctatus individuals were divided into two significant genetic clusters.Meanwhile,potential genetic differentiation between northern and southern population of K.punctatus was found.Treemix results indicated that gene flow existed among sampling locations of K.punctatus,especially from southern Japan to others.Moreover,candidate genes associated with habitat adaptations of K.punctatus were identified,which are involved in diverse physiological processes of K.punctatus including growth and development(e.g.,KIDINS220,PAN3),substance metabolism(e.g.,PGM5)and immune response(e.g.,VAV3,CCT7,HSPA12B).Our findings may aid in understanding the possible mechanisms for the population genetic structure and local adaptation of K.punctatus,which is beneficial to establish the management and conservation units of K.punctatus,guiding the rational use of resources,with reference significance for a profound understanding of the adaptative mechanisms of other marine organisms to the environment.展开更多
文摘The aim of this study is to assess the adverse effects of lead, a well-documented non-essential element that occurs naturally in the environment, on Channa punctatus, in relation with ROS production and oxidative stress. Fishes were sampled, acclimatized and kept treated or untreated with lead (9.43 mg/L) under observation for 4 days. At day 4, respiratory burst activity, lipid peroxidation activity and superoxide dismutase level increased significantly in treated group as compared to the control. On the contrary, catalase, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and reduced glutathione activity decreased on treatment with lead. These results suggest that heavy metal like lead induces oxidative stress, influences the antioxidant defense system and may lead to physiological disorders rendering the health and survival of exposed fish to a compromised state.
文摘Insects with their ecological superpower have enormous capacity to transform small pollution damage in forests to full scale calamities. Acid rain resulting from extensive coal burning is the chief pollutant in China. Acid rain activates from soil deposits toxic metals, which are transferred to trees and further to insects eating them. We studied the levels of the toxic Cd, its antagonists Zn and Cu, and acid rain indicators Fe and Mn in the forest pest moth Dendrolimus punctatus Walker (Lepidoptera:Lasiocampidae) in variously polluted Pinus massoniana Lamb forests in China.\; The highest density of D. punctatus , as well as the highest Cd levels developed in the moderately polluted forests. Possibly Cd had there broken down the pest resistance of the pines. The paradoxical coexistence of high Cd level and elevated population density of the pest seems to result from the high accumulation of Cd in its ichneumonid parasitoid. In the most heavily polluted forests the Cd level in needles was low, possibly because the strong acid rain had washed away most of the Cd deposit in the soil. It existed there no D.punctatus population. Absence of pest insects from the most heavily polluted areas is a common phenomenon.
基金financially supported by Aligarh Muslim University(grant No.09PHDL128)
文摘Objective:To study the incidence of encysted progenetic metacercariae of Clinostomum complanatum(C. complanatum) in Channa punctatus(C. punctatus), associated histopathology and the experimental infection to laboratory chicken to obtain ovigerous adult worms.Methods:Live C. punctatus were brought from local fish market of Aligarh, India, dissected and examined on a monthly basis for the presence of C. complanatumcysts. For histochemistry, infected tissue sections with attached cysts were processed for haematoxylene and eosin staining. Cysts were aseptically fed to 4 day old leghorn chicken to obtain adult worms. Mechanically excysted metacercaria and the ovigerous adult worms were stained in carmine to prepare permanent slides.Results:One year survey for the infection of encysted progenetic metacercaria of C.complanatuminC. punctatusrevealed the prevalence, intensity and abundance of 24.7%, 2.27and 0.608, respectively. Histopathology showed heavy infiltration of immune cells at the site of cyst attachment and some tissue damage was also evident. Following feeding to experimental chicken, about 41.07% of the encysted metacercariae were able to excyst and migrate back to bucco-pharyngeal region where they tenaciously attached and fed on blood, and transformed into ovigerous adult worms from 62 hours onwards of post infection.Conclusions:The parasite is potentially pathogenic to the host, and the availability of a suitable intermediate host can be a contributing factor for the occurrence of C. complanatummetacercaria either in the excysted or encysted form, indicating loose host specificity and zoonotic potential.
基金The Public Science and Technology Research Funds Projects of Ocean under contract No.201305030the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.41930535。
文摘In recent years,Konosirus punctatus has accounted for a large portion in catch composition and become important economic species in the South Yellow Sea.However,the distribution of K.punctatus early life stages is still poorly understood.In this study,generalized additive models with Tweedie distribution were used to analyze the relationships between K.punctatus ichthyoplankton and environmental factors(longitude and latitude,sea surface temperature(SST),sea surface salinity(SSS)and depth),and predict distribution K.punctatus spawning ground and nursing ground,based on samplings collected in 6 months during 2014–2017.The results showed that K.punctatus’spawning ground were mainly distributed in central and north study area(from 33.0°N to 37.0°N).By comparison,the nursing ground shifted southward,which were approximately located along central and south coast of study area(from 31.7°N to 35.5°N).The optimal models identified that suitable SST,SSS and depth for eggs were 19–26℃,25–30 and 9–23 m,respectively.The suitable SSS for larvae were 29–31.The K.punctatus spawning habit might have changed in the past decades,which was a response to increasing SST and fishing pressure.That needs to be proved in further study.The study provides references of conservation and exploitation for K.punctatus.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant No.41572009)the State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy (grant No.173121)the College Students’ Training Program of Chang’an University (201610710047, 201710710062, 201710710063, 201710710240)
文摘Objective The putative coronatean Punctatus flourished at the beginning of the Cambrian explosion,and is significant in the exploration of the origin and evolution of early life.Liu Yunhuan established a new species:Punctatus triangulicostalis Liu,2006.Two questions remain:how was the special body plan of P.triangulicostalis formed?How does P.triangulicostalis transform from embryo
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.41806156)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LY22D060001&LY20C190008)+2 种基金Science and Technology Project of Zhoushan(2020C21016)Funds for Zhejiang Provincial Universities and Research Institutes(No.2021J008)Fund of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment(FEEL-2021-8).
文摘To maintain,develop and rationally utilize marine organisms,understanding their genetic structure and habitat adaptation pattern is necessary.Konosirus punctatus,which is a commercial fish species inhabiting the Indo-west Pacific Ocean,has shown an obvious annual global capture and aquaculture production decline due to climate changes and human activities.In the present study,restriction-site associated DNA sequencing(RAD-seq)was used to describe its genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms panel(SNPs).Among 146 individuals collected at nine locations scattered in China,Korea and Japan,a set of 632,090 SNPs were identified.Population genetic analysis showed that K.punctatus individuals were divided into two significant genetic clusters.Meanwhile,potential genetic differentiation between northern and southern population of K.punctatus was found.Treemix results indicated that gene flow existed among sampling locations of K.punctatus,especially from southern Japan to others.Moreover,candidate genes associated with habitat adaptations of K.punctatus were identified,which are involved in diverse physiological processes of K.punctatus including growth and development(e.g.,KIDINS220,PAN3),substance metabolism(e.g.,PGM5)and immune response(e.g.,VAV3,CCT7,HSPA12B).Our findings may aid in understanding the possible mechanisms for the population genetic structure and local adaptation of K.punctatus,which is beneficial to establish the management and conservation units of K.punctatus,guiding the rational use of resources,with reference significance for a profound understanding of the adaptative mechanisms of other marine organisms to the environment.
