The Cap Pushing Response (CPR) is a free-flying technique used to study learning and memory in honey bees (Apis mellifera). The series of experiments outlined in this paper aimed to test whether honey bees exhibit the...The Cap Pushing Response (CPR) is a free-flying technique used to study learning and memory in honey bees (Apis mellifera). The series of experiments outlined in this paper aimed to test whether honey bees exhibit the cognitive concept of “expectancy” utilizing the CPR in a weight differentiation paradigm. Five previous experiments in our laboratory have explored whether the concept of expectancy can account for honey bee performance and have all failed to support the cognitive interpretation. The first experiment examined if bees could differentiate between the two caps in the amount of force they used to push the cap and the distance the cap was pushed when the caps were presented one at a time. The second experiment explored cap weight preference by presenting bees with a choice between the two caps. The third and fourth experiments tested the bee’s ability to expect reward or punishment based on cap weight. Results revealed that bees were found to have a strong preference for the light cap and therefore were not able to expect reward or punishment based on cap weight. These experiments contribute to the debate on whether bees have “cognitive” representations and continue to support the behaviorist interpretation.展开更多
Key policy document sets goals for China’s rural work for 2023 China has outlined nine key tasks for comprehensively promoting rural revitalisation this year in the “No.1 central document” of 2023 released on 13 Fe...Key policy document sets goals for China’s rural work for 2023 China has outlined nine key tasks for comprehensively promoting rural revitalisation this year in the “No.1 central document” of 2023 released on 13 February. As the first policy statement from China’s central authorities each year, the document.展开更多
A band of programs have been implemented in Zhejiang with the aim of streamlining administrative processes in the public interest.ENHANCING executive efficiency remains one of the priorities of east China’s Zhejiang ...A band of programs have been implemented in Zhejiang with the aim of streamlining administrative processes in the public interest.ENHANCING executive efficiency remains one of the priorities of east China’s Zhejiang Province,a coastal economic powerhouse.Over the past decade,it has launched a series of reforms to improve government performance and to better serve businesses and residents.展开更多
In recent years,China has implemented measures to advance the building of a unified national market,aiming to boost domestic demand and consolidate the foundations of its economic recovery.In March 2022,the Chinese go...In recent years,China has implemented measures to advance the building of a unified national market,aiming to boost domestic demand and consolidate the foundations of its economic recovery.In March 2022,the Chinese government issued a guideline on accelerating the construction of a unified national market.The issue was also a focus at the annual Central Economic Work Conference held in December 2023.展开更多
MANCHESTER,UK-Having successfully demonstrated its WebSpector automated fabric inspection system detecting faults on camouflage fabrics at speeds of up to 100metres a minute during ITMA 2023,BTMA member Shelton Vision...MANCHESTER,UK-Having successfully demonstrated its WebSpector automated fabric inspection system detecting faults on camouflage fabrics at speeds of up to 100metres a minute during ITMA 2023,BTMA member Shelton Vision has secured an unprecedented number of new orders in many fields of the textile industry.The company has subsequently been recruiting additional staff in order to beef up its operations to meet delivery times and to grow capacity for the ongoing increased demand.展开更多
Directly grasping the tightly stacked objects may cause collisions and result in failures,degenerating the functionality of robotic arms.Inspired by the observation that first pushing objects to a state of mutual sepa...Directly grasping the tightly stacked objects may cause collisions and result in failures,degenerating the functionality of robotic arms.Inspired by the observation that first pushing objects to a state of mutual separation and then grasping them individually can effectively increase the success rate,we devise a novel deep Q-learning framework to achieve collaborative pushing and grasping.Specifically,an efficient non-maximum suppression policy(PolicyNMS)is proposed to dynamically evaluate pushing and grasping actions by enforcing a suppression constraint on unreasonable actions.Moreover,a novel data-driven pushing reward network called PR-Net is designed to effectively assess the degree of separation or aggregation between objects.To benchmark the proposed method,we establish a dataset containing common household items dataset(CHID)in both simulation and real scenarios.Although trained using simulation data only,experiment results validate that our method generalizes well to real scenarios and achieves a 97%grasp success rate at a fast speed for object separation in the real-world environment.展开更多
On 9 September 2016,global Internet data traffic flew past the milestone of 1 ZB,or 1021 bytes-a trillion gigabytes-per year.If you imagine every one of those gigabytes as a brick,a trillion of them would allow you to...On 9 September 2016,global Internet data traffic flew past the milestone of 1 ZB,or 1021 bytes-a trillion gigabytes-per year.If you imagine every one of those gigabytes as a brick,a trillion of them would allow you to build 258 Great Walls of China,one analyst estimated[1].It took nearly 40 years for the Internet to hit that mark.By 2022,annual Internet traffic is expected to reach almost 5 ZB[2].展开更多
The movie Pushing Hands demonstrated the conflicts in the process of intercultural communication between China andwestern countries, revealing different perspectives of culture values. However, these conflicts of inte...The movie Pushing Hands demonstrated the conflicts in the process of intercultural communication between China andwestern countries, revealing different perspectives of culture values. However, these conflicts of intercultural communication canbe handled by accepting and communicating, and understanding others' cultures.展开更多
The applications of magnetrons are greatly limited because of the poor output spectrum of the free-running magnetron.Currently, one of the best ways to solve this problem is injection locking. However, the injection l...The applications of magnetrons are greatly limited because of the poor output spectrum of the free-running magnetron.Currently, one of the best ways to solve this problem is injection locking. However, the injection locking theory which is widely used nowadays is based on the simplified oscillator, which does not include the frequency pushing effect of the magnetron. In this paper, the theory of injection locking magnetrons with frequency pushing effect is systematically studied.Analytical analysis shows that the locking bandwidth turns larger with the consideration of the pushing parameter(α), and the increase of locking bandwidth is expanded with α increasing. Experimental results show that the locking bandwidth is expanded by 0.3 MHz, 1 MHz, and 1.6 MHz compared with the locking bandwidth from the conventional locking theory under an injection ratio(ρ) of 0.05, 0.075, and 0.1, respectively. This research provides a more accurate prediction of the properties of the injection-locked magnetron.展开更多
The stress distribution on the failure progress of fiber pushed-out test was studied. A numerical program, developed by meso-damage mechanics, was adopted to simulate the whole failure process of interface debonding a...The stress distribution on the failure progress of fiber pushed-out test was studied. A numerical program, developed by meso-damage mechanics, was adopted to simulate the whole failure process of interface debonding and fiber pushing out. From the simulation, it can be concluded that, the interfacial stress on load side and support side is larger than other portions. Simultaneously, the shear stress in both sides becomes larger when thickness of sample reduces. Furthermore, when the diameter of fiber increases, the shear stress on load side is getting larger but in support side it is diminishing. On the other hand, changes of the support hole’s diameter only affect the interfacial shear stress on the support side.展开更多
The reliability of aerospace relay directly influences the reliability of thewhole system. The analysis and research on the optimum position of aerospace relay's pushing rodare an important process of aerospace re...The reliability of aerospace relay directly influences the reliability of thewhole system. The analysis and research on the optimum position of aerospace relay's pushing rodare an important process of aerospace relay reliability design. In the past, most researches weredone for electromagnetic systems and spring systems of aerospace relays. However, there was not anyresearch on the position of the pushing rod. An analytical method for the optimum position ofaerospace relay's pushing rod is presented in this paper. From four aspects, including theelectromagnetic force and torque, work done by the electromagnetic force and displacement, theoptimum position of a pushing rod is investigated based on the analysis of a straight spring system.The conclusions can be used to direct the optimum design and assembling of aerospace relays.展开更多
Anti-slide pile is one of the important methods to administer landslide geological disaster because of its advantages.It plays important role in administering landslide.It is a premise of reasonable economy and techno...Anti-slide pile is one of the important methods to administer landslide geological disaster because of its advantages.It plays important role in administering landslide.It is a premise of reasonable economy and technological advance to know the distribution rule and feature of the force between anti-sliding pile and surrounding rock.To determine the sliding force and remnant resistant sliding force,according to need of study,this paper sets up the geological model and mechanics model in term of a typical landslide,and analyzes the effect rule of sliding body distortion,strength and gravity to the pushing force and remnant resistant sliding force by use of the numerical model.The distribution rule of pushing force and remnant resistant sliding force of the type of landslide is given.展开更多
For in situ composite materials, the interaction between the second phase particles and the solidification interface attracts more attentions of people, for concerning the final distribution of the particles on the ...For in situ composite materials, the interaction between the second phase particles and the solidification interface attracts more attentions of people, for concerning the final distribution of the particles on the matrix. With the conception of the local solidification time, a kinematics mechanism of particle pushing into the crystal boundary during the solidification process was assumed. Through the analysis of forces acted on the particle in front of the solid/liquid interface the critical velocity criterion for the particles pushing was given. The calculation results show when the growth rate of the interface V is less than or equals to the critical velocity V C , the particles on the solid/liquid interface is pushed into the boundary region of cellular crystals, where they are distributed as a chain like straight, which forms a particle strengthened in situ composite materials.展开更多
THE Fourth Industrial Revolution has set off a wave of technological innovation. New technologies, such as artificial intelligence, virtual reality, quantum information technology, unmanned technology, and biotechnolo...THE Fourth Industrial Revolution has set off a wave of technological innovation. New technologies, such as artificial intelligence, virtual reality, quantum information technology, unmanned technology, and biotechnology, have sprung up at an unprecedented rate, injecting new impetus into the development of the world economy and bringing the global economy into a new era.展开更多
On 4th July,2022,a campaign for boosting the acceptance of geothermal energy utilization among the public was co-sponsored by the China Association for Science and Technology and SINOPEC,one of the three state-owned o...On 4th July,2022,a campaign for boosting the acceptance of geothermal energy utilization among the public was co-sponsored by the China Association for Science and Technology and SINOPEC,one of the three state-owned oil majors in China.The campaign marks the very first geothermal energy exhibition in the country.展开更多
President Jiang Zeming’s U.S.visit together with Jiang-Clinton WashingtonSummit last October has worked out the direction and a basic framework forChina-U.S.relations in the 21st century.It represents a landmark in t...President Jiang Zeming’s U.S.visit together with Jiang-Clinton WashingtonSummit last October has worked out the direction and a basic framework forChina-U.S.relations in the 21st century.It represents a landmark in the annualsof bilateral ties between the two great nations.This is the first year,when bothshores of the Pacific Ocean are working hard to lay bricks for a constructive strate-展开更多
Half a century—plus 37 seconds—after it was first introduced to the world,the leap second has been scheduled for retirement.On 18 November 2022 at the General Conference on Weights and Measures(CGPM)outside of Paris...Half a century—plus 37 seconds—after it was first introduced to the world,the leap second has been scheduled for retirement.On 18 November 2022 at the General Conference on Weights and Measures(CGPM)outside of Paris,France,representatives of governments around the globe decided that astronomical time(known as UT1),which is determined by Earth’s rotation,will be allowed to diverge by more than one second from Coordinated Universal Time(UTC),which is based on the steady ticking of atomic clocks[1].While the change—not to be implemented until 2035—will go unnoticed by most people,it promises to simplify the timekeeping vital to services provided by a wide range of global industries,including transportation,defense,and finance.展开更多
文摘The Cap Pushing Response (CPR) is a free-flying technique used to study learning and memory in honey bees (Apis mellifera). The series of experiments outlined in this paper aimed to test whether honey bees exhibit the cognitive concept of “expectancy” utilizing the CPR in a weight differentiation paradigm. Five previous experiments in our laboratory have explored whether the concept of expectancy can account for honey bee performance and have all failed to support the cognitive interpretation. The first experiment examined if bees could differentiate between the two caps in the amount of force they used to push the cap and the distance the cap was pushed when the caps were presented one at a time. The second experiment explored cap weight preference by presenting bees with a choice between the two caps. The third and fourth experiments tested the bee’s ability to expect reward or punishment based on cap weight. Results revealed that bees were found to have a strong preference for the light cap and therefore were not able to expect reward or punishment based on cap weight. These experiments contribute to the debate on whether bees have “cognitive” representations and continue to support the behaviorist interpretation.
文摘Key policy document sets goals for China’s rural work for 2023 China has outlined nine key tasks for comprehensively promoting rural revitalisation this year in the “No.1 central document” of 2023 released on 13 February. As the first policy statement from China’s central authorities each year, the document.
文摘A band of programs have been implemented in Zhejiang with the aim of streamlining administrative processes in the public interest.ENHANCING executive efficiency remains one of the priorities of east China’s Zhejiang Province,a coastal economic powerhouse.Over the past decade,it has launched a series of reforms to improve government performance and to better serve businesses and residents.
文摘In recent years,China has implemented measures to advance the building of a unified national market,aiming to boost domestic demand and consolidate the foundations of its economic recovery.In March 2022,the Chinese government issued a guideline on accelerating the construction of a unified national market.The issue was also a focus at the annual Central Economic Work Conference held in December 2023.
文摘MANCHESTER,UK-Having successfully demonstrated its WebSpector automated fabric inspection system detecting faults on camouflage fabrics at speeds of up to 100metres a minute during ITMA 2023,BTMA member Shelton Vision has secured an unprecedented number of new orders in many fields of the textile industry.The company has subsequently been recruiting additional staff in order to beef up its operations to meet delivery times and to grow capacity for the ongoing increased demand.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61873077,61806062)Zhejiang Provincial Major Research and Development Project of China(2020C01110)Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Equipment Electronics.
文摘Directly grasping the tightly stacked objects may cause collisions and result in failures,degenerating the functionality of robotic arms.Inspired by the observation that first pushing objects to a state of mutual separation and then grasping them individually can effectively increase the success rate,we devise a novel deep Q-learning framework to achieve collaborative pushing and grasping.Specifically,an efficient non-maximum suppression policy(PolicyNMS)is proposed to dynamically evaluate pushing and grasping actions by enforcing a suppression constraint on unreasonable actions.Moreover,a novel data-driven pushing reward network called PR-Net is designed to effectively assess the degree of separation or aggregation between objects.To benchmark the proposed method,we establish a dataset containing common household items dataset(CHID)in both simulation and real scenarios.Although trained using simulation data only,experiment results validate that our method generalizes well to real scenarios and achieves a 97%grasp success rate at a fast speed for object separation in the real-world environment.
文摘On 9 September 2016,global Internet data traffic flew past the milestone of 1 ZB,or 1021 bytes-a trillion gigabytes-per year.If you imagine every one of those gigabytes as a brick,a trillion of them would allow you to build 258 Great Walls of China,one analyst estimated[1].It took nearly 40 years for the Internet to hit that mark.By 2022,annual Internet traffic is expected to reach almost 5 ZB[2].
文摘The movie Pushing Hands demonstrated the conflicts in the process of intercultural communication between China andwestern countries, revealing different perspectives of culture values. However, these conflicts of intercultural communication canbe handled by accepting and communicating, and understanding others' cultures.
基金Project supported by the Sichuan Science and Technology Program,China(Grant No.2019YFG0419)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61601312)
文摘The applications of magnetrons are greatly limited because of the poor output spectrum of the free-running magnetron.Currently, one of the best ways to solve this problem is injection locking. However, the injection locking theory which is widely used nowadays is based on the simplified oscillator, which does not include the frequency pushing effect of the magnetron. In this paper, the theory of injection locking magnetrons with frequency pushing effect is systematically studied.Analytical analysis shows that the locking bandwidth turns larger with the consideration of the pushing parameter(α), and the increase of locking bandwidth is expanded with α increasing. Experimental results show that the locking bandwidth is expanded by 0.3 MHz, 1 MHz, and 1.6 MHz compared with the locking bandwidth from the conventional locking theory under an injection ratio(ρ) of 0.05, 0.075, and 0.1, respectively. This research provides a more accurate prediction of the properties of the injection-locked magnetron.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50778046)S&T Project No.2006B14601004,Guangdong ProvinceS&T Project No.62047, Education Bureau, Guangzhou City
文摘The stress distribution on the failure progress of fiber pushed-out test was studied. A numerical program, developed by meso-damage mechanics, was adopted to simulate the whole failure process of interface debonding and fiber pushing out. From the simulation, it can be concluded that, the interfacial stress on load side and support side is larger than other portions. Simultaneously, the shear stress in both sides becomes larger when thickness of sample reduces. Furthermore, when the diameter of fiber increases, the shear stress on load side is getting larger but in support side it is diminishing. On the other hand, changes of the support hole’s diameter only affect the interfacial shear stress on the support side.
文摘The reliability of aerospace relay directly influences the reliability of thewhole system. The analysis and research on the optimum position of aerospace relay's pushing rodare an important process of aerospace relay reliability design. In the past, most researches weredone for electromagnetic systems and spring systems of aerospace relays. However, there was not anyresearch on the position of the pushing rod. An analytical method for the optimum position ofaerospace relay's pushing rod is presented in this paper. From four aspects, including theelectromagnetic force and torque, work done by the electromagnetic force and displacement, theoptimum position of a pushing rod is investigated based on the analysis of a straight spring system.The conclusions can be used to direct the optimum design and assembling of aerospace relays.
文摘Anti-slide pile is one of the important methods to administer landslide geological disaster because of its advantages.It plays important role in administering landslide.It is a premise of reasonable economy and technological advance to know the distribution rule and feature of the force between anti-sliding pile and surrounding rock.To determine the sliding force and remnant resistant sliding force,according to need of study,this paper sets up the geological model and mechanics model in term of a typical landslide,and analyzes the effect rule of sliding body distortion,strength and gravity to the pushing force and remnant resistant sliding force by use of the numerical model.The distribution rule of pushing force and remnant resistant sliding force of the type of landslide is given.
基金ProjectsupportedbytheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationof China (5 0 0 75 0 5 1)
文摘For in situ composite materials, the interaction between the second phase particles and the solidification interface attracts more attentions of people, for concerning the final distribution of the particles on the matrix. With the conception of the local solidification time, a kinematics mechanism of particle pushing into the crystal boundary during the solidification process was assumed. Through the analysis of forces acted on the particle in front of the solid/liquid interface the critical velocity criterion for the particles pushing was given. The calculation results show when the growth rate of the interface V is less than or equals to the critical velocity V C , the particles on the solid/liquid interface is pushed into the boundary region of cellular crystals, where they are distributed as a chain like straight, which forms a particle strengthened in situ composite materials.
文摘THE Fourth Industrial Revolution has set off a wave of technological innovation. New technologies, such as artificial intelligence, virtual reality, quantum information technology, unmanned technology, and biotechnology, have sprung up at an unprecedented rate, injecting new impetus into the development of the world economy and bringing the global economy into a new era.
文摘On 4th July,2022,a campaign for boosting the acceptance of geothermal energy utilization among the public was co-sponsored by the China Association for Science and Technology and SINOPEC,one of the three state-owned oil majors in China.The campaign marks the very first geothermal energy exhibition in the country.
文摘President Jiang Zeming’s U.S.visit together with Jiang-Clinton WashingtonSummit last October has worked out the direction and a basic framework forChina-U.S.relations in the 21st century.It represents a landmark in the annualsof bilateral ties between the two great nations.This is the first year,when bothshores of the Pacific Ocean are working hard to lay bricks for a constructive strate-
文摘Half a century—plus 37 seconds—after it was first introduced to the world,the leap second has been scheduled for retirement.On 18 November 2022 at the General Conference on Weights and Measures(CGPM)outside of Paris,France,representatives of governments around the globe decided that astronomical time(known as UT1),which is determined by Earth’s rotation,will be allowed to diverge by more than one second from Coordinated Universal Time(UTC),which is based on the steady ticking of atomic clocks[1].While the change—not to be implemented until 2035—will go unnoticed by most people,it promises to simplify the timekeeping vital to services provided by a wide range of global industries,including transportation,defense,and finance.
