There are many defects in researches on the relationship of the regional financial development (FD) and economic growth of China, such as simply assuming the causality direction, not highlighting financial institution...There are many defects in researches on the relationship of the regional financial development (FD) and economic growth of China, such as simply assuming the causality direction, not highlighting financial institution, using incomplete financial indicator, etc. This article, taking Suzhou City of Jiangsu Province, China as a case, builds a simple model to study the level of FD from three aspects of financial scale, structure and institution. Three original indicators of PRIVY (private investment/aggregate investment), DEPTH (aggregate loan/GDP) and FDIVG (FDI/GDP) are used to construct the FD economic indicator through Principal Component Analysis approach. Then we use Granger method to analyze the relationship between the FD and the economic growth of Suzhou. Empirical test results show that the FD of Suzhou is the Granger reason of economic growth, while economic growth is not the reason for FD, because the relationship between the FD and the economic growth of Suzhou is just in the ″supply-leading″ period. In terms of Suzhou experiences, the local government should strengthen the protection of private investment, improve the institutional environment, and establish the reasonable financial structure. So we can concluded that FD could play a great role in promoting economic growth at the economy takeoff stage.展开更多
As the leading urban agglomeration in China,the Yangtze River Delta(YRD)is experiencing a factor-driven to innovationdriven transition.However,the dynamics of regional innovation growth are not yet fully understood.Th...As the leading urban agglomeration in China,the Yangtze River Delta(YRD)is experiencing a factor-driven to innovationdriven transition.However,the dynamics of regional innovation growth are not yet fully understood.This paper combines the complex network methodology with spatial econometrics to disentangle the contributions of innovation endowments,innovation network flows,and innovation network positions to regional innovation growth,as well as their spatial spillover effects.The primary findings suggest that regional innovation growth results from the networked agglomeration economies,which is shaped by the interactions between agglomeration factors and network factors.Specifically,agglomeration factors play a fundamental role in regional innovation growth.In contrast,network factors,such as the network flows and network positions,may contribute to new path creation by promoting access to external innovation resources.Additionally,the institutional factors show multiplexity in fostering regional innovation patterns.Such findings indicate that the YRD region should shift the innovation growth pattern from competitive involution to mutually beneficial cooperation to reduce regional disparities.In this regard,the institutional capacity of organizing network flows and fostering reciprocal inter-city partnerships has become increasingly critical for promoting sustainable innovation and regional development.展开更多
Based on the data of gross domestic product(GDP),industrial added value and the proportion of industrial employees from 2000 to 2008,this paper studies the effect of industrial structure change on the regional economi...Based on the data of gross domestic product(GDP),industrial added value and the proportion of industrial employees from 2000 to 2008,this paper studies the effect of industrial structure change on the regional economic growth of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolitan Region in China using the shift-share method.The results show that:1) In the 21st century,the industrial output of three industries,namely,primary,secondary,and tertiary,and the GDP grew rapidly in the study period.The tertiary industry grew the fastest;it had the largest contribution to the GDP and mean-while had become the most competitive industry in the metropolitan region.2) The development of cities within the region was not balanced.Firstly,compared with Tianjin,Beijing,as one of the two core cities,was more rational in the industrial structure.Secondly,the surrounding eight cities,which are Shijiazhuang,Qinhuangdao,Tangshan,Langfang,Baoding,Cangzhou,Zhangjiakou,and Chengde,were all uncompetitive than the two core cities.3) There was a great industrial gradient in the region(especially between the two core cities and the cities of Tangshan,Baoding,Zhangjia-kou,Chengde,Cangzhou,and Langfang).As a result,it is foreseeable that the industry transfer in the Bei-jing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolitan Region will be one of the trends in regional development,and the industry transfer is inevitably to promote the regional integration.展开更多
For a nation, culture is not only the promotion and enhancement to the national spirit and the realm of life, but also an essential content and indispensable support force to achieve economic development, it is the im...For a nation, culture is not only the promotion and enhancement to the national spirit and the realm of life, but also an essential content and indispensable support force to achieve economic development, it is the important cause and prominent of the overall strength and the main carrier and specific embodiment of a nation＇s ＂soft power＂, besides, it also represents the degree of civilization, level of development and height of this nation. Culture and cultural industry endow with the modern culture with new meaning, it requires that at the time we achieve the prosperity and development of culture, we must actively explore and operate a scientific mechanism which is most able to release the energy of the culture and play cultural efficiency, and then develop the industrial pathway of the cultural. Cultural industry is a little different from the general industry. This causes the special natm-e of the cultural industry which is different from other industries. Different water and soil raised different people, inheriting national culture and developing cultural industry can be described as the unity of the three ones.展开更多
The population of the Tibet Autonomous Region which is thinly scattered, is almost entirely Tibetan. The unique high and cold climate, varied and changeable topography and social economic and human environment restri...The population of the Tibet Autonomous Region which is thinly scattered, is almost entirely Tibetan. The unique high and cold climate, varied and changeable topography and social economic and human environment restrict population mobility in the region. Historically there were little statistic documents and the early data about population scale is poorly reliable. After the peaceful liberation of Tibet in 1951, its population went up continuously, and the growth rate has been higher than the national average level since 1964. The general tendency was that the pattern of population increase had changed within a short period. At first, the death rate was lowered quickly and the natural population increase speed was quickened, then, the death rate was lowered further, and the birth rate began to rise at a quick speed. After 1970, both the death rate and birth rate was generally stable, the level was relatively lower than before, the death rate slowed down at a quicker speed than the birth rate. The natural population increase rate rose extremely slowly, which formed the population development situation of fast but steady increase. The future population development tendency is that, the quick increase tendency characterized by young population will continue for quite a long time, and the pressure of future population increase upon resources environment will become increasingly great. The age structure and sex composition of population in Tibet, rather low since long time ago, became increasingly high upon entering the 1980s, but it was still the lowest one compared to other provinces or regions in China. The main reason is due to the low sex ratio of Tibetan infants and children caused by the low sex ratio of newly born infants and the high death rate of male infants, which will slow down the population increase in a limited way. There are few barren lands appropriate for farming and there exist many restricting factors for cultivation or utilization. With further increase in Tibetan population, it is inevitable that per capita available cultivated land will drop continuously. The problem of food supply in Tibet will still be the main issue in its regional development with the increase of population. It is impossible to support a quickly increasing population with the limited agricultural resources in Tibet. Therefore, the population development direction of Tibet can only be to tighten quantity control and to popularize family planning knowledge among Tibetan people. It is a fundamental strategic policy for the social and economic development in Tibet if family planning can be followed progressively on a voluntary basis.展开更多
The economies during the post-industrial era are returning to the classical meaning of manufacturing sector in the process of balanced regional growth and are searching for stimuli for diversifying economic structure ...The economies during the post-industrial era are returning to the classical meaning of manufacturing sector in the process of balanced regional growth and are searching for stimuli for diversifying economic structure and reindustrialization. Expansion of a new growth theory highlighted the necessity for the well-developed so-called innovative manufacturing sector; however, stimuli for realizing the potential of this sector are limited due to relative attractiveness of sectors with lower risks and faster returns especially in regions followers. Moreover, regional success as a result of the previous development can hinder changes and stimulate economic agents to avoid regions and sectors with high potential but weak performance. Generation of regional economic growth can be considered in a framework of two kinds of stimuli as financial and structural. Financial capital as an important factor for supporting structural change in economy helps to stay in harmony with the modern economy; however, existing sectoral composition can be persistent to changes. Latvia is considered as a case study about issues on fmancial and structural stimuli for regional growth because of the bright dominance of capital city region （high regional differentiation） and typical post-industrial economic structure in parallel with an intention to actively participate in reindustrialization and increase the innovativeness of economy. This article searches whether foreign investment stock in a company＇s equity capital provides a stimulus for an industrial change at a micro level （five regions and 12 manufacturing sectors in accordance with statistical classification of economic activities NACE 2 Rev. （Nomenclature generale des Activities economiques dans les Communuates Europeennes） two-digit level） and whether this change contributes to the regional growth. Unbalanced regional growth as a result of reallocation of financial resources among sectors of economic activity and differences in distribution of economic success at a sectoral level provide a useful foundation for testing the impact of foreign direct investments （FDI） on changes in economic structure.展开更多
This paper makes an empirical analysis of the spatial spillover effect of regional economic growth by using Moran’s I and Spatial Durbin Model to study the input and output of technological progress, with the panel d...This paper makes an empirical analysis of the spatial spillover effect of regional economic growth by using Moran’s I and Spatial Durbin Model to study the input and output of technological progress, with the panel data of 21 prefecture-level cities in Guangdong Province from 2008 to 2017. The empirical results show that the spatial autocorrelation exists in the economic development of Guangdong Province, and both the input and output of scientific research innovation have a significant positive effect on the regional economic growth. Under the spatial contiguity weights matrix, the output of scientific research and innovation has a more obvious spillover effect on the economic growth of neighboring cities than the input of scientific research and innovation.展开更多
Empirical analysis to the relationship between water resource scarcity degree and economic growth were done by building relationship model between water resource scarcity degree and regional economic growth with provi...Empirical analysis to the relationship between water resource scarcity degree and economic growth were done by building relationship model between water resource scarcity degree and regional economic growth with provincial panel data of 30 provinces during 2000-2009. The analysis results show that, in water resource scarcity regions, the shortage of water resource is the key factor of restricting economic development. In order to alleviate the shortage of water resource and meet the needs of economic development to water resource, it is necessary to speed up the establishment of water right trading market and finally achieve the goal of water-saving and regulation of water resource by economic leverage. The specific countermeasures include： first, comprehensively considering the endowment difference of water resource when carrying out industrial planning and layout; second, speeding up the establishment of water right trading market and revising water-saving incentive mechanism; third, increasing fiscal transfer payment ability to the provinces of outputting water resource; fourth, strengthening industrial guidance, making moderate industrial transfer and population movement; fifth, paying attention to science, technology and education investment, to improve utilization efficiency of water resource.展开更多
Regional economic disparities are often regarded as signs of a country’s uneven or backward development.After analyzing China’s regional economic performances from 2003 to 2007,this paper concludes that the emergenc...Regional economic disparities are often regarded as signs of a country’s uneven or backward development.After analyzing China’s regional economic performances from 2003 to 2007,this paper concludes that the emergence of interior regions provides new momentum for China’s economic growth,and regional disparities can be taken as an important source in countering the current economic cycle and maintaining rapid growth.展开更多
The regional climate model RegCM3 incorporating the crop model CERES,called the RegCM3CERES model,was used to study the efects of crop growth and development on regional climate and hydrological processes over seven r...The regional climate model RegCM3 incorporating the crop model CERES,called the RegCM3CERES model,was used to study the efects of crop growth and development on regional climate and hydrological processes over seven river basins in China.A 20-year numerical simulation showed that incorporating the crop growth and development processes improved the simulation of precipitation over the Haihe River Basin,Songhuajiang River Basin and Pearl River Basin.When compared with the RegCM3 control run,RegCM3CERES reduced the negative biases of monthly mean temperature over most of the seven basins in summer,especially the Haihe River Basin and Huaihe River Basin.The simulated maximum monthly evapotranspiration for summer(JJA)was around 100 mm in the basins of the Yangtze,Haihe,Huaihe and Pearl Rivers.The seasonal and annual variations of water balance components(runof,evapotranspiration and total precipitation)over all seven basins indicate that changes of evapotranspiration agree well with total precipitation.Compared to the RegCM3,RegCM3CERES simulations indicate reduced local water recycling rate over most of the seven basins due to lower evapotranspiration and greater water flux into these basins and an increased precipitation in the Heihe River Basin and Yellow River Basin,but reduced precipitation in the other five basins.Furthermore,a lower summer leaf area index(1.20 m2m 2),greater root soil moisture(0.01 m3m 3),lower latent heat flux(1.34 W m 2),and greater sensible heat flux(2.04 W m 2)are simulated for the Yangtze River Basin.展开更多
Single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) of the growth hormone(GH) gene were investigated in six pig breeds,consisting of four mini-pig breeds(Wuzhishan,Bama,Xiang and Tibet pig),and two others(Dahlan and Landrace pig).T...Single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) of the growth hormone(GH) gene were investigated in six pig breeds,consisting of four mini-pig breeds(Wuzhishan,Bama,Xiang and Tibet pig),and two others(Dahlan and Landrace pig).Three pairs of primers for promoter regions of the GH gene were designed on the basis of the pig genomic sequence and SNPs were detected by the PCR-SSCP method.The results indicated three mutations in the 5’-flanking region.The analysis results showed that the frequencies of allele A and D in four mini-pig breeds were higher than that in other breeds at a locus within the 5’-flanking region(P【0.05).These results suggest that differences in body size may be associated with these SNPs of 5’-flanking region and amino acid mutation of the signal peptide of GH in these pig breeds.展开更多
Accurate measurements of the associated vegetation phenological dynamics are crucial for understanding the relationship between climate change and terrestrial ecosystems. However, at present, most vegetation phenologi...Accurate measurements of the associated vegetation phenological dynamics are crucial for understanding the relationship between climate change and terrestrial ecosystems. However, at present, most vegetation phenological calculations are based on a single algorithm or method. Because of the spatial, temporal, and ecological complexity of the vegetation growth processes, a single algorithm or method for monitoring all these processes has been indicated to be elusive. Therefore, in this study, from the perspective of plant growth characteristics, we established a method to remotely determine the start of the growth season(SOG) and the end of the growth season(EOG), in which the maximum relative change rate of the normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) corresponds to the SOG, and the next minimum absolute change rate of the NDVI corresponds to the EOG. Taking the Three-River Headwaters Region in 2000–2013 as an example, we ascertained the spatiotemporal and vertical characteristics of its vegetation phenological changes. Then, in contrast to the actual air temperature data, observed data and other related studies, we found that the SOG and EOG calculated by the proposed method is closer to the time corresponding to the air temperature, and the trends of the SOG and EOG calculated by the proposed method are in good agreement with other relevant studies. Meantime, the error of the SOG between the calculated and observed in this study is smaller than that in other studies.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 20070420271, 20018801012)
文摘There are many defects in researches on the relationship of the regional financial development (FD) and economic growth of China, such as simply assuming the causality direction, not highlighting financial institution, using incomplete financial indicator, etc. This article, taking Suzhou City of Jiangsu Province, China as a case, builds a simple model to study the level of FD from three aspects of financial scale, structure and institution. Three original indicators of PRIVY (private investment/aggregate investment), DEPTH (aggregate loan/GDP) and FDIVG (FDI/GDP) are used to construct the FD economic indicator through Principal Component Analysis approach. Then we use Granger method to analyze the relationship between the FD and the economic growth of Suzhou. Empirical test results show that the FD of Suzhou is the Granger reason of economic growth, while economic growth is not the reason for FD, because the relationship between the FD and the economic growth of Suzhou is just in the ″supply-leading″ period. In terms of Suzhou experiences, the local government should strengthen the protection of private investment, improve the institutional environment, and establish the reasonable financial structure. So we can concluded that FD could play a great role in promoting economic growth at the economy takeoff stage.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52078245)。
文摘As the leading urban agglomeration in China,the Yangtze River Delta(YRD)is experiencing a factor-driven to innovationdriven transition.However,the dynamics of regional innovation growth are not yet fully understood.This paper combines the complex network methodology with spatial econometrics to disentangle the contributions of innovation endowments,innovation network flows,and innovation network positions to regional innovation growth,as well as their spatial spillover effects.The primary findings suggest that regional innovation growth results from the networked agglomeration economies,which is shaped by the interactions between agglomeration factors and network factors.Specifically,agglomeration factors play a fundamental role in regional innovation growth.In contrast,network factors,such as the network flows and network positions,may contribute to new path creation by promoting access to external innovation resources.Additionally,the institutional factors show multiplexity in fostering regional innovation patterns.Such findings indicate that the YRD region should shift the innovation growth pattern from competitive involution to mutually beneficial cooperation to reduce regional disparities.In this regard,the institutional capacity of organizing network flows and fostering reciprocal inter-city partnerships has become increasingly critical for promoting sustainable innovation and regional development.
基金Under the auspices of Major Program of National Social Science Foundation of China (No. 10ZD&022)Youth Research Project of Ministry of Education (Humanities and Social Sciences) (No. 10YJC790020)Central University of Finance and Economics'121 Talent Project' Fundation for Youth Doctor Development (No. QBJGL201004)
文摘Based on the data of gross domestic product(GDP),industrial added value and the proportion of industrial employees from 2000 to 2008,this paper studies the effect of industrial structure change on the regional economic growth of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolitan Region in China using the shift-share method.The results show that:1) In the 21st century,the industrial output of three industries,namely,primary,secondary,and tertiary,and the GDP grew rapidly in the study period.The tertiary industry grew the fastest;it had the largest contribution to the GDP and mean-while had become the most competitive industry in the metropolitan region.2) The development of cities within the region was not balanced.Firstly,compared with Tianjin,Beijing,as one of the two core cities,was more rational in the industrial structure.Secondly,the surrounding eight cities,which are Shijiazhuang,Qinhuangdao,Tangshan,Langfang,Baoding,Cangzhou,Zhangjiakou,and Chengde,were all uncompetitive than the two core cities.3) There was a great industrial gradient in the region(especially between the two core cities and the cities of Tangshan,Baoding,Zhangjia-kou,Chengde,Cangzhou,and Langfang).As a result,it is foreseeable that the industry transfer in the Bei-jing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolitan Region will be one of the trends in regional development,and the industry transfer is inevitably to promote the regional integration.
文摘For a nation, culture is not only the promotion and enhancement to the national spirit and the realm of life, but also an essential content and indispensable support force to achieve economic development, it is the important cause and prominent of the overall strength and the main carrier and specific embodiment of a nation＇s ＂soft power＂, besides, it also represents the degree of civilization, level of development and height of this nation. Culture and cultural industry endow with the modern culture with new meaning, it requires that at the time we achieve the prosperity and development of culture, we must actively explore and operate a scientific mechanism which is most able to release the energy of the culture and play cultural efficiency, and then develop the industrial pathway of the cultural. Cultural industry is a little different from the general industry. This causes the special natm-e of the cultural industry which is different from other industries. Different water and soil raised different people, inheriting national culture and developing cultural industry can be described as the unity of the three ones.
文摘The population of the Tibet Autonomous Region which is thinly scattered, is almost entirely Tibetan. The unique high and cold climate, varied and changeable topography and social economic and human environment restrict population mobility in the region. Historically there were little statistic documents and the early data about population scale is poorly reliable. After the peaceful liberation of Tibet in 1951, its population went up continuously, and the growth rate has been higher than the national average level since 1964. The general tendency was that the pattern of population increase had changed within a short period. At first, the death rate was lowered quickly and the natural population increase speed was quickened, then, the death rate was lowered further, and the birth rate began to rise at a quick speed. After 1970, both the death rate and birth rate was generally stable, the level was relatively lower than before, the death rate slowed down at a quicker speed than the birth rate. The natural population increase rate rose extremely slowly, which formed the population development situation of fast but steady increase. The future population development tendency is that, the quick increase tendency characterized by young population will continue for quite a long time, and the pressure of future population increase upon resources environment will become increasingly great. The age structure and sex composition of population in Tibet, rather low since long time ago, became increasingly high upon entering the 1980s, but it was still the lowest one compared to other provinces or regions in China. The main reason is due to the low sex ratio of Tibetan infants and children caused by the low sex ratio of newly born infants and the high death rate of male infants, which will slow down the population increase in a limited way. There are few barren lands appropriate for farming and there exist many restricting factors for cultivation or utilization. With further increase in Tibetan population, it is inevitable that per capita available cultivated land will drop continuously. The problem of food supply in Tibet will still be the main issue in its regional development with the increase of population. It is impossible to support a quickly increasing population with the limited agricultural resources in Tibet. Therefore, the population development direction of Tibet can only be to tighten quantity control and to popularize family planning knowledge among Tibetan people. It is a fundamental strategic policy for the social and economic development in Tibet if family planning can be followed progressively on a voluntary basis.
文摘The economies during the post-industrial era are returning to the classical meaning of manufacturing sector in the process of balanced regional growth and are searching for stimuli for diversifying economic structure and reindustrialization. Expansion of a new growth theory highlighted the necessity for the well-developed so-called innovative manufacturing sector; however, stimuli for realizing the potential of this sector are limited due to relative attractiveness of sectors with lower risks and faster returns especially in regions followers. Moreover, regional success as a result of the previous development can hinder changes and stimulate economic agents to avoid regions and sectors with high potential but weak performance. Generation of regional economic growth can be considered in a framework of two kinds of stimuli as financial and structural. Financial capital as an important factor for supporting structural change in economy helps to stay in harmony with the modern economy; however, existing sectoral composition can be persistent to changes. Latvia is considered as a case study about issues on fmancial and structural stimuli for regional growth because of the bright dominance of capital city region （high regional differentiation） and typical post-industrial economic structure in parallel with an intention to actively participate in reindustrialization and increase the innovativeness of economy. This article searches whether foreign investment stock in a company＇s equity capital provides a stimulus for an industrial change at a micro level （five regions and 12 manufacturing sectors in accordance with statistical classification of economic activities NACE 2 Rev. （Nomenclature generale des Activities economiques dans les Communuates Europeennes） two-digit level） and whether this change contributes to the regional growth. Unbalanced regional growth as a result of reallocation of financial resources among sectors of economic activity and differences in distribution of economic success at a sectoral level provide a useful foundation for testing the impact of foreign direct investments （FDI） on changes in economic structure.
文摘This paper makes an empirical analysis of the spatial spillover effect of regional economic growth by using Moran’s I and Spatial Durbin Model to study the input and output of technological progress, with the panel data of 21 prefecture-level cities in Guangdong Province from 2008 to 2017. The empirical results show that the spatial autocorrelation exists in the economic development of Guangdong Province, and both the input and output of scientific research innovation have a significant positive effect on the regional economic growth. Under the spatial contiguity weights matrix, the output of scientific research and innovation has a more obvious spillover effect on the economic growth of neighboring cities than the input of scientific research and innovation.
文摘Empirical analysis to the relationship between water resource scarcity degree and economic growth were done by building relationship model between water resource scarcity degree and regional economic growth with provincial panel data of 30 provinces during 2000-2009. The analysis results show that, in water resource scarcity regions, the shortage of water resource is the key factor of restricting economic development. In order to alleviate the shortage of water resource and meet the needs of economic development to water resource, it is necessary to speed up the establishment of water right trading market and finally achieve the goal of water-saving and regulation of water resource by economic leverage. The specific countermeasures include： first, comprehensively considering the endowment difference of water resource when carrying out industrial planning and layout; second, speeding up the establishment of water right trading market and revising water-saving incentive mechanism; third, increasing fiscal transfer payment ability to the provinces of outputting water resource; fourth, strengthening industrial guidance, making moderate industrial transfer and population movement; fifth, paying attention to science, technology and education investment, to improve utilization efficiency of water resource.
基金the resultofamajorresearchprojectof philosophical and social sciences under the Ministry of Education.Project name:Research on Chinas Monetary policy System and Transmission Mechanismapproval No.: 08JZD0015
文摘Regional economic disparities are often regarded as signs of a country’s uneven or backward development.After analyzing China’s regional economic performances from 2003 to 2007,this paper concludes that the emergence of interior regions provides new momentum for China’s economic growth,and regional disparities can be taken as an important source in countering the current economic cycle and maintaining rapid growth.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Nos.2010CB428403 and 2010CB951001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.91125016)
文摘The regional climate model RegCM3 incorporating the crop model CERES,called the RegCM3CERES model,was used to study the efects of crop growth and development on regional climate and hydrological processes over seven river basins in China.A 20-year numerical simulation showed that incorporating the crop growth and development processes improved the simulation of precipitation over the Haihe River Basin,Songhuajiang River Basin and Pearl River Basin.When compared with the RegCM3 control run,RegCM3CERES reduced the negative biases of monthly mean temperature over most of the seven basins in summer,especially the Haihe River Basin and Huaihe River Basin.The simulated maximum monthly evapotranspiration for summer(JJA)was around 100 mm in the basins of the Yangtze,Haihe,Huaihe and Pearl Rivers.The seasonal and annual variations of water balance components(runof,evapotranspiration and total precipitation)over all seven basins indicate that changes of evapotranspiration agree well with total precipitation.Compared to the RegCM3,RegCM3CERES simulations indicate reduced local water recycling rate over most of the seven basins due to lower evapotranspiration and greater water flux into these basins and an increased precipitation in the Heihe River Basin and Yellow River Basin,but reduced precipitation in the other five basins.Furthermore,a lower summer leaf area index(1.20 m2m 2),greater root soil moisture(0.01 m3m 3),lower latent heat flux(1.34 W m 2),and greater sensible heat flux(2.04 W m 2)are simulated for the Yangtze River Basin.
基金supported by National Natural Special Scientific and Techndogical Resources Sharing Platform (No.2005DKA21101)the 11th Five-year Plan of National Science and Technology Support(No.2006BAD73B08)the 15th Key Project"Chinese Experimental Miniature Pig Resources Development and Research Applications"Ministry of Science and Technology(No.2004BA717B- 01)
文摘Single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) of the growth hormone(GH) gene were investigated in six pig breeds,consisting of four mini-pig breeds(Wuzhishan,Bama,Xiang and Tibet pig),and two others(Dahlan and Landrace pig).Three pairs of primers for promoter regions of the GH gene were designed on the basis of the pig genomic sequence and SNPs were detected by the PCR-SSCP method.The results indicated three mutations in the 5’-flanking region.The analysis results showed that the frequencies of allele A and D in four mini-pig breeds were higher than that in other breeds at a locus within the 5’-flanking region(P【0.05).These results suggest that differences in body size may be associated with these SNPs of 5’-flanking region and amino acid mutation of the signal peptide of GH in these pig breeds.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41801099)
文摘Accurate measurements of the associated vegetation phenological dynamics are crucial for understanding the relationship between climate change and terrestrial ecosystems. However, at present, most vegetation phenological calculations are based on a single algorithm or method. Because of the spatial, temporal, and ecological complexity of the vegetation growth processes, a single algorithm or method for monitoring all these processes has been indicated to be elusive. Therefore, in this study, from the perspective of plant growth characteristics, we established a method to remotely determine the start of the growth season(SOG) and the end of the growth season(EOG), in which the maximum relative change rate of the normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) corresponds to the SOG, and the next minimum absolute change rate of the NDVI corresponds to the EOG. Taking the Three-River Headwaters Region in 2000–2013 as an example, we ascertained the spatiotemporal and vertical characteristics of its vegetation phenological changes. Then, in contrast to the actual air temperature data, observed data and other related studies, we found that the SOG and EOG calculated by the proposed method is closer to the time corresponding to the air temperature, and the trends of the SOG and EOG calculated by the proposed method are in good agreement with other relevant studies. Meantime, the error of the SOG between the calculated and observed in this study is smaller than that in other studies.
