High-throughput(HTP)experiments play key roles in accelerating the discovery of advanced materials,but the HTP preparation and characterization,especially for bulk samples,are extremely difficult.In this work,we devel...High-throughput(HTP)experiments play key roles in accelerating the discovery of advanced materials,but the HTP preparation and characterization,especially for bulk samples,are extremely difficult.In this work,we developed a novel and general strategy for HTP screening of high-performance bulk thermoelectric materials.The performed fullchain HTP experiments cover rapid synthesis of the bulk sample with quasi-continuous composition,microarea phase identification and structure analysis,and measurement of the spatial distribution of the sample composition,electrical and thermal transport properties.According to our experiments,bulk Bi_(2-x)Sb_(x)Te_(3)(x=1-2)and Bi_(2)Te_(3-x)Se_(x)(x=0-1.5)samples with quasi-continuous compositions have been rapidly fabricated by this HTP method.The target thermoelectric materials with the best Sb/Bi and Te/Se ratios are successfully screened out based on subsequent HTP characterization results,demonstrating that this HTP technique is effective in speeding up the exploration of novel high-performance thermoelectric materials.展开更多
Supersaturated designs are useful in screening experiments. This paper discusses the topic of multi-level supersaturated design. Two quantities, E(d2) and Df, are proposed to evaluate the optimality of supersaturated ...Supersaturated designs are useful in screening experiments. This paper discusses the topic of multi-level supersaturated design. Two quantities, E(d2) and Df, are proposed to evaluate the optimality of supersaturated designs. A lower bound of E(d2) is obtained with a necessary condition for achieving it. Some E(d2)-optimal supersaturated designs of 3, 4, and 5 levels are given.展开更多
Aims Recent theories indicate that N is more in demand for plant growth than P;therefore,N concentration and N:C and N:P ratios are predicted to be positively correlated with relative growth rate(RGR)in plants under n...Aims Recent theories indicate that N is more in demand for plant growth than P;therefore,N concentration and N:C and N:P ratios are predicted to be positively correlated with relative growth rate(RGR)in plants under nutrient-enriched conditions.This prediction was tested in this study.Methods We examined the whole-plant concentrations of C,N and P and RGR,as well as the relationship between RGR and the concentrations and the ratios of N:C,P:C and N:P,for different harvest stages(the days after seed germination)of the seedlings of seven shrub species and four herbaceous species grown in N and P non-limiting conditions.The relationships among plant size,nutrient concentrations and ratios were subsequently determined.Important Findings RGR was positively correlated with N concentration and the ratios of N:PandN:C when the data were pooled for all species and for each shrub species,but not for individual herbaceous species.However,the relationship between RGR and P concentration and P:C was not significantly correlated for either shrubs or herbs.The variation of N among harvest stages and species was much greater than that of P,and the variation in N:P ratio was determined primarily by changes in N concentration.The shrub species differed from the herbaceous species in their N and P concentrations,nutrient ratios and in intraspecific relationships between RGR and nutrient ratios.These differences possibly reflect differences in the capacity for P storage and biomass allocation patterns.In general,our data support recent theoretical predictions regarding the relationship between RGR and C:N:P stoichiometry,but they also show that species with different life forms differ in the relationships among RGR and C:N:P stoichimetries.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFB0703600 and 2018YFA0702100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51772186,51632005 and 51371194)。
文摘High-throughput(HTP)experiments play key roles in accelerating the discovery of advanced materials,but the HTP preparation and characterization,especially for bulk samples,are extremely difficult.In this work,we developed a novel and general strategy for HTP screening of high-performance bulk thermoelectric materials.The performed fullchain HTP experiments cover rapid synthesis of the bulk sample with quasi-continuous composition,microarea phase identification and structure analysis,and measurement of the spatial distribution of the sample composition,electrical and thermal transport properties.According to our experiments,bulk Bi_(2-x)Sb_(x)Te_(3)(x=1-2)and Bi_(2)Te_(3-x)Se_(x)(x=0-1.5)samples with quasi-continuous compositions have been rapidly fabricated by this HTP method.The target thermoelectric materials with the best Sb/Bi and Te/Se ratios are successfully screened out based on subsequent HTP characterization results,demonstrating that this HTP technique is effective in speeding up the exploration of novel high-performance thermoelectric materials.
文摘Supersaturated designs are useful in screening experiments. This paper discusses the topic of multi-level supersaturated design. Two quantities, E(d2) and Df, are proposed to evaluate the optimality of supersaturated designs. A lower bound of E(d2) is obtained with a necessary condition for achieving it. Some E(d2)-optimal supersaturated designs of 3, 4, and 5 levels are given.
文摘Aims Recent theories indicate that N is more in demand for plant growth than P;therefore,N concentration and N:C and N:P ratios are predicted to be positively correlated with relative growth rate(RGR)in plants under nutrient-enriched conditions.This prediction was tested in this study.Methods We examined the whole-plant concentrations of C,N and P and RGR,as well as the relationship between RGR and the concentrations and the ratios of N:C,P:C and N:P,for different harvest stages(the days after seed germination)of the seedlings of seven shrub species and four herbaceous species grown in N and P non-limiting conditions.The relationships among plant size,nutrient concentrations and ratios were subsequently determined.Important Findings RGR was positively correlated with N concentration and the ratios of N:PandN:C when the data were pooled for all species and for each shrub species,but not for individual herbaceous species.However,the relationship between RGR and P concentration and P:C was not significantly correlated for either shrubs or herbs.The variation of N among harvest stages and species was much greater than that of P,and the variation in N:P ratio was determined primarily by changes in N concentration.The shrub species differed from the herbaceous species in their N and P concentrations,nutrient ratios and in intraspecific relationships between RGR and nutrient ratios.These differences possibly reflect differences in the capacity for P storage and biomass allocation patterns.In general,our data support recent theoretical predictions regarding the relationship between RGR and C:N:P stoichiometry,but they also show that species with different life forms differ in the relationships among RGR and C:N:P stoichimetries.
