Selenium(Se)acquirement from daily diet can help reduce the risk of many diseases.The edible parts of crop plants are the main source of dietary Se,while the Se content in crops is determined by Se bioavailability in ...Selenium(Se)acquirement from daily diet can help reduce the risk of many diseases.The edible parts of crop plants are the main source of dietary Se,while the Se content in crops is determined by Se bioavailability in soil.We summarize recent research on the biogeochemical cycle of Se driven by specific microorganisms and emphasize the oxidizing process in the Se cycle.Moreover,we discuss how plant root exudates and rhizosphere microorganisms affect soil Se availability.Finally,we cover beneficial microorganisms,including endophytes,that promote crop quality and improve crop tolerance to environmental stresses.Se availability to plants depends on the balance between adsorption and desorption,reduction,methylation and oxidation,which are determined by interactions among soil properties,microbial communities and plants.Reduction and methylation processes governed by bacteria or fungi lead to declined Se availability,while Se oxidation regulated by Se-oxidizing microorganisms increases Se availability to plants.Despite a much lower rate of Se oxidization compared to reduction and methylation,the potential roles of microbial communities in increasing Se bioavailability are probably largely underestimated.Enhancing Se oxidation and Se desorption are crucial for the promotion of Se bioavailability and uptake,particularly in Se-deficient soils.Beneficial roles of Se are reported in terms of improved crop growth and quality,and enhanced protection against fungal diseases and abiotic stress through improved photosynthetic traits,increased sugar and amino acid contents,and promoted defense systems.Understanding Se transformation along the plant-soil continuum is crucial for agricultural production and even for human health.展开更多
Selenium（Se） is one of the essential trace elements required by humans and animals. It will cause diseases for humans and animals when Se is excessive or lack in the environment.The research status of selenium-enric...Selenium（Se） is one of the essential trace elements required by humans and animals. It will cause diseases for humans and animals when Se is excessive or lack in the environment.The research status of selenium-enriched agricultural crops and selenium-enriched horticultural crops, functional mechanism and application status of selenium, and the latest progress in the study of selenium enrichment were summarized in this paper.展开更多
The use of cover crops is a promising strategy for influencing the soil microbial consortium,which is essential for the delivery of multiple soil functions(i.e.,soil multifunctionality).Nonetheless,relatively little i...The use of cover crops is a promising strategy for influencing the soil microbial consortium,which is essential for the delivery of multiple soil functions(i.e.,soil multifunctionality).Nonetheless,relatively little is known about the role of the soil microbial consortium in mediating soil multifunctionality under different cover crop amendments in dryland Ultisols.Here,we assessed the multifunctionality of soils subjected to four cover crop amendments(control,non-amended treatment;RD,radish monoculture;HV,hairy vetch monoculture;and RDHV,radish-hairy vetch mixture),and we investigated the contributions of soil microbial richness,network complexity,and ecological clusters to soil multifunctionality.Our results demonstrated that cover crops whose chemical composition differed from that of the main plant crop promoted higher multifunctionality,and the radish-hairy vetch mixture rendered the highest enhancement.We obtained evidence that changes in soil microbial richness and network complexity triggered by the cover crops were associated with higher soil multifunctionality.Specifically,specialized microbes in a key ecological cluster(ecological cluster 2)of the soil microbial network were particularly important for maintaining soil multifunctionality.Our results highlight the importance of cover crop-induced variations in functionally important taxa for promoting the soil multifunctionality of dryland Ultisols.展开更多
To provide reference for selenium resource exploitation of soil,many selenium-tolerant strains were isolated from selenium-rich soil in Guangxi. The dilution spread plate method and selenium-added culture method were ...To provide reference for selenium resource exploitation of soil,many selenium-tolerant strains were isolated from selenium-rich soil in Guangxi. The dilution spread plate method and selenium-added culture method were used to screen the selenium-tolerant strains from the soils which were sampled from the main Selenium-rich areas such as Yongfu,Bama,Yulin Hanshan,Guiping and Tengxian. The results showed that 8 strains with high selenium tolerance were obtained,which could tolerate the selenium concentration above 10 000 μg/m L in solid medium. Among the 8 strains,YLB1-33 showed the highest selenium tolerance,and it could still grow weakly in the solid medium with selenium concentration of 29 000 μg/m L. The sequencing of 16 S rD NA and phylogenetic analysis showed that YLB1-6 was identified as Bacillus cereus,BMB2-1 and TXB1-8 were identified as Bacillus pumilus,GPB2-5 was identified as Bacillus thuringiensis,YLB1-26 and YLB1-33 were identified as Bacillus licheniformis,and YLB1-2 and YFB1-8 were identified as Serratia marcescens. The finding of selenium-tolerance strains had potential application value on promoting the utilization of selenium soil resources and the development of selenium-rich agricultural products in Guangxi.展开更多
According to the summary of many years of experiments, the application scope, basic demands, preparation before seeding, seeding demands, field management, mowing, transportation, storage, ledger management and other ...According to the summary of many years of experiments, the application scope, basic demands, preparation before seeding, seeding demands, field management, mowing, transportation, storage, ledger management and other technical requirements of technical regulations for planting of forage millet rich in selenium were studied, and specific measures and technical indicators of the technical regulations were analyzed, aiming to provide normalized, standardized, industrial and marketization technical support for the planting of forage millet rich in selenium.展开更多
为了进一步研究微生物富硒的能力,得到富硒能力较强的啤酒酵母,以啤酒酵母WX-01为出发菌,通过高浓度亚硒酸钠初筛,再经过常压室温等离子体(atmospheric and room temperature plasma,ARTP)诱变处理以及亚硒酸钠抗性平板筛选,观察菌株的...为了进一步研究微生物富硒的能力,得到富硒能力较强的啤酒酵母,以啤酒酵母WX-01为出发菌,通过高浓度亚硒酸钠初筛,再经过常压室温等离子体(atmospheric and room temperature plasma,ARTP)诱变处理以及亚硒酸钠抗性平板筛选,观察菌株的生长状况结合对其生物量与硒含量的测定,选育出一株富硒优势啤酒酵母。通过培养条件为添加质量浓度35 mg/L,加硒时间8 h,培养时间36 h,得到的酵母WX-1的生物量提高到(5192±36)mg/L,较原始菌株WX-01提高了201%,硒含量达到(1475±33)μg/g,较原始菌株提高了330%,其有机硒产量和转化率分别为7658μg/L和97.1%。扫描电镜分析酵母菌富集后表面有少量单质硒析出。另外红外光谱在特定区域出现不同强度的吸收峰表明酵母细胞参与了硒蛋白的合成。展开更多
基金supported by the Talent Program of Zhejiang University(0022112)。
文摘Selenium(Se)acquirement from daily diet can help reduce the risk of many diseases.The edible parts of crop plants are the main source of dietary Se,while the Se content in crops is determined by Se bioavailability in soil.We summarize recent research on the biogeochemical cycle of Se driven by specific microorganisms and emphasize the oxidizing process in the Se cycle.Moreover,we discuss how plant root exudates and rhizosphere microorganisms affect soil Se availability.Finally,we cover beneficial microorganisms,including endophytes,that promote crop quality and improve crop tolerance to environmental stresses.Se availability to plants depends on the balance between adsorption and desorption,reduction,methylation and oxidation,which are determined by interactions among soil properties,microbial communities and plants.Reduction and methylation processes governed by bacteria or fungi lead to declined Se availability,while Se oxidation regulated by Se-oxidizing microorganisms increases Se availability to plants.Despite a much lower rate of Se oxidization compared to reduction and methylation,the potential roles of microbial communities in increasing Se bioavailability are probably largely underestimated.Enhancing Se oxidation and Se desorption are crucial for the promotion of Se bioavailability and uptake,particularly in Se-deficient soils.Beneficial roles of Se are reported in terms of improved crop growth and quality,and enhanced protection against fungal diseases and abiotic stress through improved photosynthetic traits,increased sugar and amino acid contents,and promoted defense systems.Understanding Se transformation along the plant-soil continuum is crucial for agricultural production and even for human health.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31171943)Major Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Province(92101110600)~~
文摘Selenium（Se） is one of the essential trace elements required by humans and animals. It will cause diseases for humans and animals when Se is excessive or lack in the environment.The research status of selenium-enriched agricultural crops and selenium-enriched horticultural crops, functional mechanism and application status of selenium, and the latest progress in the study of selenium enrichment were summarized in this paper.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFD1901201-05)the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-22)+1 种基金the Special Program for Basic Research and Talent Training of Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,China(JXSNKYJCRC202301 and JXSNKYJCRC202325)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32160766).
文摘The use of cover crops is a promising strategy for influencing the soil microbial consortium,which is essential for the delivery of multiple soil functions(i.e.,soil multifunctionality).Nonetheless,relatively little is known about the role of the soil microbial consortium in mediating soil multifunctionality under different cover crop amendments in dryland Ultisols.Here,we assessed the multifunctionality of soils subjected to four cover crop amendments(control,non-amended treatment;RD,radish monoculture;HV,hairy vetch monoculture;and RDHV,radish-hairy vetch mixture),and we investigated the contributions of soil microbial richness,network complexity,and ecological clusters to soil multifunctionality.Our results demonstrated that cover crops whose chemical composition differed from that of the main plant crop promoted higher multifunctionality,and the radish-hairy vetch mixture rendered the highest enhancement.We obtained evidence that changes in soil microbial richness and network complexity triggered by the cover crops were associated with higher soil multifunctionality.Specifically,specialized microbes in a key ecological cluster(ecological cluster 2)of the soil microbial network were particularly important for maintaining soil multifunctionality.Our results highlight the importance of cover crop-induced variations in functionally important taxa for promoting the soil multifunctionality of dryland Ultisols.
基金Supported by the Program for the Scientific Research and Technology Development in Guangxi(Guikehe 415104001-22)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangxi(Guikegong 1598006-5-13)+2 种基金the Experiment Station for Selenium Featured Crops in Guangxi(Gui TS2016011)the Fund for Science and Technology Development and Scientific Research of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Guinongke 2015JM23,2017JM01,2017JM03)the Innovation-Driven Development Special Fund Project of Guangxi(Guike AA17202019-1&Guike AA17202019-4)
文摘To provide reference for selenium resource exploitation of soil,many selenium-tolerant strains were isolated from selenium-rich soil in Guangxi. The dilution spread plate method and selenium-added culture method were used to screen the selenium-tolerant strains from the soils which were sampled from the main Selenium-rich areas such as Yongfu,Bama,Yulin Hanshan,Guiping and Tengxian. The results showed that 8 strains with high selenium tolerance were obtained,which could tolerate the selenium concentration above 10 000 μg/m L in solid medium. Among the 8 strains,YLB1-33 showed the highest selenium tolerance,and it could still grow weakly in the solid medium with selenium concentration of 29 000 μg/m L. The sequencing of 16 S rD NA and phylogenetic analysis showed that YLB1-6 was identified as Bacillus cereus,BMB2-1 and TXB1-8 were identified as Bacillus pumilus,GPB2-5 was identified as Bacillus thuringiensis,YLB1-26 and YLB1-33 were identified as Bacillus licheniformis,and YLB1-2 and YFB1-8 were identified as Serratia marcescens. The finding of selenium-tolerance strains had potential application value on promoting the utilization of selenium soil resources and the development of selenium-rich agricultural products in Guangxi.
基金Supported by Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(2012-0304201)~~
文摘According to the summary of many years of experiments, the application scope, basic demands, preparation before seeding, seeding demands, field management, mowing, transportation, storage, ledger management and other technical requirements of technical regulations for planting of forage millet rich in selenium were studied, and specific measures and technical indicators of the technical regulations were analyzed, aiming to provide normalized, standardized, industrial and marketization technical support for the planting of forage millet rich in selenium.
文摘为了进一步研究微生物富硒的能力,得到富硒能力较强的啤酒酵母,以啤酒酵母WX-01为出发菌,通过高浓度亚硒酸钠初筛,再经过常压室温等离子体(atmospheric and room temperature plasma,ARTP)诱变处理以及亚硒酸钠抗性平板筛选,观察菌株的生长状况结合对其生物量与硒含量的测定,选育出一株富硒优势啤酒酵母。通过培养条件为添加质量浓度35 mg/L,加硒时间8 h,培养时间36 h,得到的酵母WX-1的生物量提高到(5192±36)mg/L,较原始菌株WX-01提高了201%,硒含量达到(1475±33)μg/g,较原始菌株提高了330%,其有机硒产量和转化率分别为7658μg/L和97.1%。扫描电镜分析酵母菌富集后表面有少量单质硒析出。另外红外光谱在特定区域出现不同强度的吸收峰表明酵母细胞参与了硒蛋白的合成。
