Objective:To distinguish the difference among the Clinacanthus nutans(Burm.f.)Lindau(C.nutans)and Clinacanthus siamensis Bremek(C.siamensis)by assessing pharmacognosy characteristics,molecular aspect and also to evalu...Objective:To distinguish the difference among the Clinacanthus nutans(Burm.f.)Lindau(C.nutans)and Clinacanthus siamensis Bremek(C.siamensis)by assessing pharmacognosy characteristics,molecular aspect and also to evaluate their anti-herpes simplex virus(HSV)type 1 and type 2 activities.Methods:Macroscopic and microscopic evaluation were performed according to WHO Geneva guideline.Stomatal number,stomatal index and palisade ratio of leaves were evaluated.Genomic DNA was extracted by modified CTAB method and ITS region was amplified using PGR and then sequenced.Dry leaves were subsequently extracted with n-hexane,dichloromethane and methanol and antiviral activity was performed using plaque reduction assay and the cytotoxicity of the extracts on Vero cells was determined by MTT assay.Results:Cross section of midrib and stem showed similar major components.Leaf measurement index of stomatal number,stomatal index and palisade ratio of C.nutans were 168.32±29.49,13.83±0.86 and 6.84±0.66,respectively,while C.siamensis were 161.60±18.04,11.93±0.81and 3.37±0.31,respectively.The PCR amplification of ITS region generated the PGR product approximately 700 bp in size.There were 34 polymorphisms within the ITS region which consisted of 11 Indels and 23 nucleotide substitutions.The IC_(50)values of C.nutans extracted with n-hexane,dichloromethane and methanol against HSV-1 were(32.05±3.63)μg/mL,(44.50±2.66)μg/mL,(64.93±7.00)μg/mL,respectively where as those of C.siamensis were(60.00±11.61)μg/mL,(55.69+4.41)μg/mL,(37.39±5.85)μg/mL,respectively.Anti HSV-2 activity of n-hexane,dichloromethane and methanol C.nutans leaves extracts were(72.62±12.60)μg/mL,(65.19±21.45)μg/mL,(65.13±2.22)μg/mL,respectively where as those of C.siamensis were(46.52±4.08)μg/mL,(49.63±2.59)μg/mL,(72.64±6.52)μg/mL,respectively.Conclusions:The combination of macroscopic,microscopic and biomolecular method are able to authenticate these closely related plants and both of them have a potency to be an anti-HSV agent.展开更多
A new quinolizidine alkaloid, 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-(3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)-3, 4-dehydroquinolizidine (1), was isolated from the ethanol extract of the whole plants of Boehmeria siamensis Craib. Its structure was ...A new quinolizidine alkaloid, 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-(3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)-3, 4-dehydroquinolizidine (1), was isolated from the ethanol extract of the whole plants of Boehmeria siamensis Craib. Its structure was elucidated on the analysis of 1D NMR and 2D NMR spectrum.展开更多
The structure gene for ferredoxin, petFI, from Anabaena siamensis has been ampli-fied by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and cloned into cloning vector pGEM-3zf(+). The nucleotidesequence of petFI has been determined w...The structure gene for ferredoxin, petFI, from Anabaena siamensis has been ampli-fied by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and cloned into cloning vector pGEM-3zf(+). The nucleotidesequence of petFI has been determined with silver staining sequencing method. There is 96. 8% homologybetween coding region of petFI from A. siamensis and that of petFI from A. sp. 7120. Amino acid se-quences of seven strains of blue-green algae are compared.展开更多
Opisthorchiasis caused by Opistorchis viverrini(O.viverrini) remains as medically important problem in Thailand especially in the north-eastern part.Infection with this parasite can lead to cholangiocarcinoma improvem...Opisthorchiasis caused by Opistorchis viverrini(O.viverrini) remains as medically important problem in Thailand especially in the north-eastern part.Infection with this parasite can lead to cholangiocarcinoma improvement.The highest prevalence of O.viverrini infection has been found in the Northeast Thailand and is associated with the high incidence rate of cholangiocarcinoma.To complete the life cycle of 0.viverrini,the freshwater snails namely Bithynia funiculata,Bithynia siamensu siamensis and Bithynia siamensis goniomphalos(B.s.goniomphalos) are required to serve as the first intermediate host.Within these snails group,B.s.goniomphalos is distributed concisely in northeast Thailand and acts as the majority snail that transmitted the opisthorchiasis in this region.This study described the information of B.s.goniomphalos which research are needed for understanding the biology,distribution,transmission and factors influencing on the infection of the snail vector of this carcinogenic parasite.展开更多
The habitat of Riau pale-thighed surili (Presbytis siamensis cana) located in Riau province of Sumatra island between Siak in the north and Indragiri rivers in the south, has been seriously degraded in the last a few ...The habitat of Riau pale-thighed surili (Presbytis siamensis cana) located in Riau province of Sumatra island between Siak in the north and Indragiri rivers in the south, has been seriously degraded in the last a few decades. This swampy peat land forest has been degraded by frequent burning during the dry season. These problems originated because of poor governance on the forest management, and the construction of two access roads by the owners of logging concessions and wood pulp plantations. This forest block consists of Tesso Nilo National Park, Kerumutan protected area, Production Forest areas belong to two companies, and a small recreation Park. It also contains one of the most important mixed peat swamp forests. Here, we tracked changes in forest cover before and after road construction using GIS and remote sensing imagery. Deforestation rates have increased from 1.5% per year before road construction to 9.28% per year after road construction, which means that the area of forest has decreased by an annual average of 8156 ha in Tesso Nillo alone. The habitat of Riau pale-thighed surili decreased almost up to 60% in the last decade after companies started their converting forest for oil palm and acacia and roads were built crisscrossed. If the trend of deforestation continues, further decline of population of habitat of this species is unavoided. Researches should be carried out in more details to understand the status of population of this subspecies before this subspecies disappears in the wild.展开更多
Diversity of yeasts in association with bees and their food sources has been explored during the last decade.In Thailand,there has been no study of yeast identification in honey and bees.Hence,a total of 186 yeast str...Diversity of yeasts in association with bees and their food sources has been explored during the last decade.In Thailand,there has been no study of yeast identification in honey and bees.Hence,a total of 186 yeast strains were isolated from 37 honey samples of 12 different bee species.On the basis of morphological and physiological characteristics,55 representative strains were chosen and identified by sequence analysis of the 26S rDNA D1/D2 domain and the ITS region.The data were compared with the published sequences and the results showed the occurrence of 19 ascomycetous and 1 basidiomycetous yeast species.Six strains of the new species were isolated.Phylogenetic analysis of the 26S rDNA D1/D2 sequence revealed that they were conspecific and most closely related to Zygosaccharomyces mellis.Based on the ITS sequence,the new species was clustered with the type"and clearly distinguished from the type!.Sequence analysis of combined ITS-26S rDNA D1/D2 showed similar results.The occurrence of these two types,with a divergence of more than 1%in their sequences,and low DNA relatedness among them suggested that members of the typeβcan be regarded as separate species.An analysis of the morphological and physiological characteristics was performed.Ascospore formation was observed on acetate agar and Gorodkowa agar.The new Zygosaccharomyces species differed physiologically from Z.mellis in 4 assimilation tests.This data supports the hypothesis that the new species,Zygosaccharomyces siamensis,is a novel ascosporogenous yeast.The type strain is JCM 16825T(=CBS 12273T)and a description is given here.展开更多
Objectives:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of combined postharvest use of Bacillus siamensis strain and chlorogenic acid on quality maintenance and disease control in wax apple fruit.Materials and...Objectives:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of combined postharvest use of Bacillus siamensis strain and chlorogenic acid on quality maintenance and disease control in wax apple fruit.Materials and Methods:Wax apple fruit were treated with Bacillus siamensis strain(N1),chlorogenic acid(CHA)and N1+CHA and preserved at 25℃ for 12 d.The appearance and quality parameters were evaluated,along with the disease index,content of total soluble solids(TSS),total acid(TA),vitamin C(Vc),total phenolic,and flavonoids during cold storage.Meanwhile,the activities ofβ-1,3-glucanase(GLU),phenylalanine ammonialyase(PAL),polyphenol oxidase(PPO),and peroxidase(POD)were determined.Furthermore,the transcriptome and the expression level of key defense enzyme genes were analyzed by RNA-seq and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.Results:N1+CHA treatment significantly lowered DI and delayed fruit quality deterioration by slowing TSS and TA loss and enhancing anti-oxidant capacity,including Vc,total phenolic,and flavonoids content.Meanwhile,the activities of GLU,PAL,PPO,and POD were dramatically increased by N1+CHA treatment.Additionally,N1+CHA treatment modulated several metabolic pathways,including those involved in planthormone signal transduction and plant–pathogen interaction.The expression levels of key defense enzyme genes were significantly upregulated in stored wax apple fruit by the N1+CHA treatment,which were well coincided with the transcriptome data.Conclusions:The combined use of N1+CHA significantly prevents disease and maintains fruit quality of wax apple during storage.These findings indicate that it could serve as a promising biological technique for preserving wax apple fruit.展开更多
Ascidian-derived microorganisms are a signifcant source of pharmacologically active metabolites with interesting structural properties.When discovering bioactive molecules from ascidian-derived fungi,two new phenols,r...Ascidian-derived microorganisms are a signifcant source of pharmacologically active metabolites with interesting structural properties.When discovering bioactive molecules from ascidian-derived fungi,two new phenols,roussoelins A(1)and B(2),and ten known polyketides(3–12)were isolated from the ascidian-derived fungus Roussoella siamensis SYSU-MS4723.The planar structure of compounds 1 and 2 was established by analysis of HR-ESIMS and NMR data.The conformational analysis of the new compounds was assigned according to coupling constants and selective gradient NOESY experiments,and absolute confgurations were completed by the modifed Mosher’s method.Among the isolated compounds,1,2,and 9 showed moderate antioxidant capacity.展开更多
Objective:To reobserve and research the specimen of Paragonimus worm found in the left lung of a New Guinea native in 1926,which was previously identified as Paragonimus westermani Kerbert or Paragonimus ringeri Cobbo...Objective:To reobserve and research the specimen of Paragonimus worm found in the left lung of a New Guinea native in 1926,which was previously identified as Paragonimus westermani Kerbert or Paragonimus ringeri Cobbold.Methods:Using reconstructive software and microscopy to observe some organs of the worm,and compared with other species of paragonimus.Results:The three dimensional(3D) views of ovary and two testes of New Guinea specimen showed that the ovary was clearly divided into six lobes.These two testes were situated oppositely in the body.One teste was divided into four branches,while another was divided into five.The cuticular spines were arranged in groups over the entire skin covered in a slide, each group was consisted of two to four single spine.Conclusions:Based on 3D views and measurements,we reclassified it as Paragonimus siamensis.This was also the first report of human case infected by Paragonimus siamensis.展开更多
基金Supported by Office of the Higher Education CommissionThailand+1 种基金University of Phayao and CU Graduate School Thesis GrantChulalongkorn University (Grant No.5200601)
文摘Objective:To distinguish the difference among the Clinacanthus nutans(Burm.f.)Lindau(C.nutans)and Clinacanthus siamensis Bremek(C.siamensis)by assessing pharmacognosy characteristics,molecular aspect and also to evaluate their anti-herpes simplex virus(HSV)type 1 and type 2 activities.Methods:Macroscopic and microscopic evaluation were performed according to WHO Geneva guideline.Stomatal number,stomatal index and palisade ratio of leaves were evaluated.Genomic DNA was extracted by modified CTAB method and ITS region was amplified using PGR and then sequenced.Dry leaves were subsequently extracted with n-hexane,dichloromethane and methanol and antiviral activity was performed using plaque reduction assay and the cytotoxicity of the extracts on Vero cells was determined by MTT assay.Results:Cross section of midrib and stem showed similar major components.Leaf measurement index of stomatal number,stomatal index and palisade ratio of C.nutans were 168.32±29.49,13.83±0.86 and 6.84±0.66,respectively,while C.siamensis were 161.60±18.04,11.93±0.81and 3.37±0.31,respectively.The PCR amplification of ITS region generated the PGR product approximately 700 bp in size.There were 34 polymorphisms within the ITS region which consisted of 11 Indels and 23 nucleotide substitutions.The IC_(50)values of C.nutans extracted with n-hexane,dichloromethane and methanol against HSV-1 were(32.05±3.63)μg/mL,(44.50±2.66)μg/mL,(64.93±7.00)μg/mL,respectively where as those of C.siamensis were(60.00±11.61)μg/mL,(55.69+4.41)μg/mL,(37.39±5.85)μg/mL,respectively.Anti HSV-2 activity of n-hexane,dichloromethane and methanol C.nutans leaves extracts were(72.62±12.60)μg/mL,(65.19±21.45)μg/mL,(65.13±2.22)μg/mL,respectively where as those of C.siamensis were(46.52±4.08)μg/mL,(49.63±2.59)μg/mL,(72.64±6.52)μg/mL,respectively.Conclusions:The combination of macroscopic,microscopic and biomolecular method are able to authenticate these closely related plants and both of them have a potency to be an anti-HSV agent.
文摘A new quinolizidine alkaloid, 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-(3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)-3, 4-dehydroquinolizidine (1), was isolated from the ethanol extract of the whole plants of Boehmeria siamensis Craib. Its structure was elucidated on the analysis of 1D NMR and 2D NMR spectrum.
文摘The structure gene for ferredoxin, petFI, from Anabaena siamensis has been ampli-fied by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and cloned into cloning vector pGEM-3zf(+). The nucleotidesequence of petFI has been determined with silver staining sequencing method. There is 96. 8% homologybetween coding region of petFI from A. siamensis and that of petFI from A. sp. 7120. Amino acid se-quences of seven strains of blue-green algae are compared.
文摘Opisthorchiasis caused by Opistorchis viverrini(O.viverrini) remains as medically important problem in Thailand especially in the north-eastern part.Infection with this parasite can lead to cholangiocarcinoma improvement.The highest prevalence of O.viverrini infection has been found in the Northeast Thailand and is associated with the high incidence rate of cholangiocarcinoma.To complete the life cycle of 0.viverrini,the freshwater snails namely Bithynia funiculata,Bithynia siamensu siamensis and Bithynia siamensis goniomphalos(B.s.goniomphalos) are required to serve as the first intermediate host.Within these snails group,B.s.goniomphalos is distributed concisely in northeast Thailand and acts as the majority snail that transmitted the opisthorchiasis in this region.This study described the information of B.s.goniomphalos which research are needed for understanding the biology,distribution,transmission and factors influencing on the infection of the snail vector of this carcinogenic parasite.
文摘The habitat of Riau pale-thighed surili (Presbytis siamensis cana) located in Riau province of Sumatra island between Siak in the north and Indragiri rivers in the south, has been seriously degraded in the last a few decades. This swampy peat land forest has been degraded by frequent burning during the dry season. These problems originated because of poor governance on the forest management, and the construction of two access roads by the owners of logging concessions and wood pulp plantations. This forest block consists of Tesso Nilo National Park, Kerumutan protected area, Production Forest areas belong to two companies, and a small recreation Park. It also contains one of the most important mixed peat swamp forests. Here, we tracked changes in forest cover before and after road construction using GIS and remote sensing imagery. Deforestation rates have increased from 1.5% per year before road construction to 9.28% per year after road construction, which means that the area of forest has decreased by an annual average of 8156 ha in Tesso Nillo alone. The habitat of Riau pale-thighed surili decreased almost up to 60% in the last decade after companies started their converting forest for oil palm and acacia and roads were built crisscrossed. If the trend of deforestation continues, further decline of population of habitat of this species is unavoided. Researches should be carried out in more details to understand the status of population of this subspecies before this subspecies disappears in the wild.
基金This work was funded by the Thai Government Science and Technology Scholarship for Ph.D.Study,awarded to S.Saksinchai,grant RSA5280010 from the Thailand Research Fund,the National Research University,and Office of the Higher Education Commission.
文摘Diversity of yeasts in association with bees and their food sources has been explored during the last decade.In Thailand,there has been no study of yeast identification in honey and bees.Hence,a total of 186 yeast strains were isolated from 37 honey samples of 12 different bee species.On the basis of morphological and physiological characteristics,55 representative strains were chosen and identified by sequence analysis of the 26S rDNA D1/D2 domain and the ITS region.The data were compared with the published sequences and the results showed the occurrence of 19 ascomycetous and 1 basidiomycetous yeast species.Six strains of the new species were isolated.Phylogenetic analysis of the 26S rDNA D1/D2 sequence revealed that they were conspecific and most closely related to Zygosaccharomyces mellis.Based on the ITS sequence,the new species was clustered with the type"and clearly distinguished from the type!.Sequence analysis of combined ITS-26S rDNA D1/D2 showed similar results.The occurrence of these two types,with a divergence of more than 1%in their sequences,and low DNA relatedness among them suggested that members of the typeβcan be regarded as separate species.An analysis of the morphological and physiological characteristics was performed.Ascospore formation was observed on acetate agar and Gorodkowa agar.The new Zygosaccharomyces species differed physiologically from Z.mellis in 4 assimilation tests.This data supports the hypothesis that the new species,Zygosaccharomyces siamensis,is a novel ascosporogenous yeast.The type strain is JCM 16825T(=CBS 12273T)and a description is given here.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32060564)the Construction Project of Academician Team Innovation Center of Hainan Province(No.HD-YSZX-202112),China.
文摘Objectives:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of combined postharvest use of Bacillus siamensis strain and chlorogenic acid on quality maintenance and disease control in wax apple fruit.Materials and Methods:Wax apple fruit were treated with Bacillus siamensis strain(N1),chlorogenic acid(CHA)and N1+CHA and preserved at 25℃ for 12 d.The appearance and quality parameters were evaluated,along with the disease index,content of total soluble solids(TSS),total acid(TA),vitamin C(Vc),total phenolic,and flavonoids during cold storage.Meanwhile,the activities ofβ-1,3-glucanase(GLU),phenylalanine ammonialyase(PAL),polyphenol oxidase(PPO),and peroxidase(POD)were determined.Furthermore,the transcriptome and the expression level of key defense enzyme genes were analyzed by RNA-seq and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.Results:N1+CHA treatment significantly lowered DI and delayed fruit quality deterioration by slowing TSS and TA loss and enhancing anti-oxidant capacity,including Vc,total phenolic,and flavonoids content.Meanwhile,the activities of GLU,PAL,PPO,and POD were dramatically increased by N1+CHA treatment.Additionally,N1+CHA treatment modulated several metabolic pathways,including those involved in planthormone signal transduction and plant–pathogen interaction.The expression levels of key defense enzyme genes were significantly upregulated in stored wax apple fruit by the N1+CHA treatment,which were well coincided with the transcriptome data.Conclusions:The combined use of N1+CHA significantly prevents disease and maintains fruit quality of wax apple during storage.These findings indicate that it could serve as a promising biological technique for preserving wax apple fruit.
基金We thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant no.41806155]Guangdong MEPP Fund[no.GDOE(2019)A21]the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(2018A030310304)for generous support.
文摘Ascidian-derived microorganisms are a signifcant source of pharmacologically active metabolites with interesting structural properties.When discovering bioactive molecules from ascidian-derived fungi,two new phenols,roussoelins A(1)and B(2),and ten known polyketides(3–12)were isolated from the ascidian-derived fungus Roussoella siamensis SYSU-MS4723.The planar structure of compounds 1 and 2 was established by analysis of HR-ESIMS and NMR data.The conformational analysis of the new compounds was assigned according to coupling constants and selective gradient NOESY experiments,and absolute confgurations were completed by the modifed Mosher’s method.Among the isolated compounds,1,2,and 9 showed moderate antioxidant capacity.
基金partially supported by the funds of the China Scholarship Councilthe funds for Scientific Research from the Department of Education of Yunnan Province, China(No.0111437,No.06Y044c)
文摘Objective:To reobserve and research the specimen of Paragonimus worm found in the left lung of a New Guinea native in 1926,which was previously identified as Paragonimus westermani Kerbert or Paragonimus ringeri Cobbold.Methods:Using reconstructive software and microscopy to observe some organs of the worm,and compared with other species of paragonimus.Results:The three dimensional(3D) views of ovary and two testes of New Guinea specimen showed that the ovary was clearly divided into six lobes.These two testes were situated oppositely in the body.One teste was divided into four branches,while another was divided into five.The cuticular spines were arranged in groups over the entire skin covered in a slide, each group was consisted of two to four single spine.Conclusions:Based on 3D views and measurements,we reclassified it as Paragonimus siamensis.This was also the first report of human case infected by Paragonimus siamensis.
