As a new branch of efficient and low-cost mechanical energy conversion technology,triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)is a potential solution to provide a long-term power supply for the Internet of Things(IoT)sensors and...As a new branch of efficient and low-cost mechanical energy conversion technology,triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)is a potential solution to provide a long-term power supply for the Internet of Things(IoT)sensors and portable electronic devices.However,due to inherent working properties of TENG itself such as extremely high internal impedance,pulse,and alternating current(AC)output,TENG can not directly supply power to loads such as batteries efficiently.Based on these,we describe TENG’s performance from a new perspective of powering ability.It consists of two aspects:the ability to transport charge effectively and the ability to output high power quality current steadily.In order to push forward the developments and applications of TENG,it is necessary to improve its power supply capacity from different perspectives.Fortunately,in recent years,a variety of output signal’s management strategies aiming at effectively managing the generated electricity and significantly improving powering ability of TENG have obtained significantly progress.Herein,this paper discusses the working mechanisms and different load characteristics of TENG at first to clarify the electric performance of TENG.Then,on basis of theoretical analysis,the output signal’s management strategies are elaborated from four aspects:improving the cycle output electricity of TENG,increasing the surface charge density of TENG,improving the power quality of TENG-based energy harvesting system,promoting the application of TENG through integrated circuit(IC)technology and TENG network,and the relevant principles and applications are discussed systematically.Finally,the advantages and disadvantages of the above output signal’s management strategies are summarized and discussed,and the future development of the output signal’s management strategies for TENG is prospected.展开更多
Delays of both pedestrians,who are classified according to whether complying with traffic law,and vehicles at a signalized crosswalk are analyzed in this paper.The truncated Adams' model is applied to generate the...Delays of both pedestrians,who are classified according to whether complying with traffic law,and vehicles at a signalized crosswalk are analyzed in this paper.The truncated Adams' model is applied to generate the probability and mean of delay of pedestrians non-complying with traffic law.Using the section-based traffic queuing-theory and the stochastic decomposition property of M/G/1vacation system with exhaustive service,the mean delay of vehicles is formulated.A multi-objective optimization model simultaneously minimizing the delays of pedestrians and vehicles during a signal period is proposed.The effects,which several model parameters have on the delays and the optimal solution of the model,are illustrated by numerical examples.展开更多
基金funded by the National Key R&D Project from Minister of Science and Technology(No.2021YFA1201602)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52172203 and U21A20175).
文摘As a new branch of efficient and low-cost mechanical energy conversion technology,triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)is a potential solution to provide a long-term power supply for the Internet of Things(IoT)sensors and portable electronic devices.However,due to inherent working properties of TENG itself such as extremely high internal impedance,pulse,and alternating current(AC)output,TENG can not directly supply power to loads such as batteries efficiently.Based on these,we describe TENG’s performance from a new perspective of powering ability.It consists of two aspects:the ability to transport charge effectively and the ability to output high power quality current steadily.In order to push forward the developments and applications of TENG,it is necessary to improve its power supply capacity from different perspectives.Fortunately,in recent years,a variety of output signal’s management strategies aiming at effectively managing the generated electricity and significantly improving powering ability of TENG have obtained significantly progress.Herein,this paper discusses the working mechanisms and different load characteristics of TENG at first to clarify the electric performance of TENG.Then,on basis of theoretical analysis,the output signal’s management strategies are elaborated from four aspects:improving the cycle output electricity of TENG,increasing the surface charge density of TENG,improving the power quality of TENG-based energy harvesting system,promoting the application of TENG through integrated circuit(IC)technology and TENG network,and the relevant principles and applications are discussed systematically.Finally,the advantages and disadvantages of the above output signal’s management strategies are summarized and discussed,and the future development of the output signal’s management strategies for TENG is prospected.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.71261016and 71401050the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University under Grant No.NCET-12-1016+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia of China under Grant No.2014JQ03the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No.2013HGBZ0174
文摘Delays of both pedestrians,who are classified according to whether complying with traffic law,and vehicles at a signalized crosswalk are analyzed in this paper.The truncated Adams' model is applied to generate the probability and mean of delay of pedestrians non-complying with traffic law.Using the section-based traffic queuing-theory and the stochastic decomposition property of M/G/1vacation system with exhaustive service,the mean delay of vehicles is formulated.A multi-objective optimization model simultaneously minimizing the delays of pedestrians and vehicles during a signal period is proposed.The effects,which several model parameters have on the delays and the optimal solution of the model,are illustrated by numerical examples.
