Yolk-shell SiO2 particles(YP)with center-radial meso-channels were fabricated through a simple and effective method.Al-containing YP-supported NiMo catalysts with different Al amounts(NiMo/AYP-x,x=Si/Al molar proporti...Yolk-shell SiO2 particles(YP)with center-radial meso-channels were fabricated through a simple and effective method.Al-containing YP-supported NiMo catalysts with different Al amounts(NiMo/AYP-x,x=Si/Al molar proportion)were prepared and dibenzothiophene(DBT)and 4,6-dimethyl-dibenzothiophene(4,6-DMDBT)were employed as the probes to evaluate the hydrodesulfurization(HDS)catalytic performance.The as-prepared AYP-x carriers and corresponding catalysts were characterized by some advanced characterizations to obtain deeper correlations between physicochemical properties and the HDS performance.The average pore sizes of series AYP-x supports are above 6.0 nm,which favors the mass transfer of organic sulfides.The cavity between the yolk and the shell is beneficial for the enrichment of S-containing compounds and the accessibility between reactants and active metals.Aluminum embedded into the silica framework could facilitate the formation of Lewis(L)and Brønsted(B)acid sites and adjust the metal-support interaction(MSI).Among all the as-synthesized catalysts,NiMo/AYP-20 catalyst shows the highest HDS activities.The improved HDS activity of NiMo/AYP-20 catalyst is attributed to the perfect combination of excellent structural properties of the yolk-shell mesoporous silica,enhanced acidity,moderate MSI,and good accessibility/dispersion of active components.展开更多
ZSM-5 with hierarchical pore structure was synthesized by a simple two-step hydrothermal crystallization from silica fume without using any organic ammonium templates.The synthesized ZSM-5 were oval shaped particles w...ZSM-5 with hierarchical pore structure was synthesized by a simple two-step hydrothermal crystallization from silica fume without using any organic ammonium templates.The synthesized ZSM-5 were oval shaped particles with a particle size about 2.0 μm and weak acid-dominated with proper Brønsted(B)and Lewis(L)acid sites.The ZSM-5 was used for catalytic co-cracking of n-octane and guaiacol,lowdensity polyethylene(LDPE)and alkali lignin(AL)to enhance the production of benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene and xylene(BTEX).The most significant synergistic effect occurred at n-octane/guaiacol at 1:1 and LDPE/AL at 1:3,under the condition,the achieved BTEX selectivity were 24%and 33%(mass)higher than the calculated values(weighted average).The highest BTEX selectivity reached 88.5%,which was 3.7%and 54.2%higher than those from individual cracking LDPE and AL.The synthesized ZSM-5 exhibited superior catalytic performance compared to the commercial ZSM-5,indicating potential application prospect.展开更多
Gypsum was used as substrate,and silica gel was mixed into substrate at a certain mass ratio to prepare humidity-controlling composites;moreover,the moisture absorption and desorption properties of gypsum-based compos...Gypsum was used as substrate,and silica gel was mixed into substrate at a certain mass ratio to prepare humidity-controlling composites;moreover,the moisture absorption and desorption properties of gypsum-based composites were compared with adding different silica gel particle size and proportion.The morphological characteristics,the isothermal equilibrium moisture content curve,moisture absorption and desorption rate,moisture absorption and desorption stability,and humidity-conditioning performance were tested and analyzed.The experimental results show that,compared with pure-gypsum,the surface structure of the gypsum-based composites is relatively loose,the quantity,density and aperture of the pores in the structure increase.The absorption and desorption capacity increase along with the increase of silica gel particle size and silica gel proportion.When 3 mm silica gel particle size is added with a mass ratio of 40%,the maximum equilibrium moisture content of humidity-controlling composites is 0.161 g/g at 98% relative humidity(RH),3.22 times that of pure-gypsum.The moisture absorption and desorption rates are increased,the equilibrium moisture absorption and desorption rates are 2.68 times and 1.61 times that of pure-gypsum at 58.5% RH,respectively.The gypsum-based composites have a good stability,which has better timely response to dynamic humidity changes and can effectively regulate indoor humidity under natural conditions.展开更多
A numerical model based on measured fictive temperature distributions is explored to evaluate the residual stress fields of CO_(2)laser-annealed mitigated fused silica damage sites.The proposed model extracts the resi...A numerical model based on measured fictive temperature distributions is explored to evaluate the residual stress fields of CO_(2)laser-annealed mitigated fused silica damage sites.The proposed model extracts the residual strain from the differences in thermoelastic contraction of fused silica with different fictive temperatures from the initial frozen-in temperatures to ambient temperature.The residual stress fields of mitigated damage sites for the CO_(2)laser-annealed case are obtained by a finite element analysis of equilibrium equations and constitutive equations.The simulated results indicate that the proposed model can accurately evaluate the residual stress fields of laser-annealed mitigated damage sites with a complex thermal history.The calculated maximum hoop stress is in good agreement with the reported experimental result.The estimated optical retardance profiles from the calculated radial and hoop stress fields are consistent with the photoelastic measurements.These results provide sufficient evidence to demonstrate the suitability of the proposed model for describing the residual stresses of mitigated fused silica damage sites after CO_(2)laser annealing.展开更多
Discoveries of many coal seams at depths by drilling carried by Geological Survey of Pakistan in Sor Range and Harnai Gochina, extended the coal seams at depth which is challenge for mine owners to exploit feasibly. B...Discoveries of many coal seams at depths by drilling carried by Geological Survey of Pakistan in Sor Range and Harnai Gochina, extended the coal seams at depth which is challenge for mine owners to exploit feasibly. Bed to bed gypsum samplings (and their chemical analyses) of huge gypsum deposits from Sulaiman foldbelt is a base for industrialist and also planers to develop cement and gypsum industries to increase export and foreign exchange for the development of area and Pakistan. Low and high grade sedimentary iron deposits, silica sand and uranium host rocks and their extensions in Sulaiman and Kirthar foldbelts are presented. Anomalies of a few base metals arise as a result of geochemical exploration carried at part of Loralai District of Balochistan. Theropod dinosaurs were frequent in India, while Poripuchian titanosaurs (Sauropoda, Dinosauria) were frequent in Pakistan. Besides some ichnotaxa, many bone taxa such as 1 titanosauriform, 14 titanosaurian sauropod (including one new titanosaur), and 3 theropod dinosaurs are established from Pakistan. Among these 12 titanosaur species and 3 theropod species are named in about 10 km<sup>2</sup> area of Vitakri dome and 2 titanosaur species are named in about a few hundred square meter area of Mari Bohri (Kachi Bohri) which is about 10 km westward from Vitakri dome. Pakistan is a unique country which discoverd 14 diversified titanosaurs in a short area and also in a short period (67 - 66 million years ago/Ma). About 400 bones found from a few meter thick upper part of upper shale horizon of latest Maastrichtian Vitakri Formation which is base for titanosaur taxa. Cranial material is in low fraction (but include significant diverse snouts), caudal vertebrae are prominent, the cervicals, dorsals and sacrals have significant numbers, forelimb and hind limb bones have balanced fraction. Humeri, femora and tibiae are most common. To know the position of Pakistani titanosaurs among titanosaurs and sauropods, there is a need to extend list of characters for phylogenetic analyses. This broad feature list should include main characters of titanosaurs from Pakistan and also from global world.展开更多
In the current work concrete mixes containing(7.0-33.11)weight%silica fume as fractional substitution of cement with water/cement ratio(0.42-0.48)were formulated conferring to an implemented two factorial central comp...In the current work concrete mixes containing(7.0-33.11)weight%silica fume as fractional substitution of cement with water/cement ratio(0.42-0.48)were formulated conferring to an implemented two factorial central composite design.The samples were water cured for 7,28,56,and 90 days.The samples were tested for compressive strength and density.The experimental results approved that compressive strength and density increase with age and with rising silica fume content up to 11.9 wt.%.Response surface analysis results for samples cured for 28 days confirmed that silica fume concrete with developed compressive strength(53.42 MPa)could be prepared by incorporation of 11.9 wt.%silica fume as a substituent for cement using a 0.42 water/cement ratio.An intensification in compressive strength and density(up to 39.3%and 2.6%)respectively was recorded for silica fume concrete mixes in contrast to Portland cement concrete.Overall,the research findings revealed that silica fume concretes prepared with appropriate silica fume content and water/cement ratio exhibited superior strength and density features candidate them to be used effectively in civil engineering structural applications.展开更多
Heavy metal ions in shellfish products are harmful to human health,and their removal with low nutrient loss remains challenging.Herein,a new type of mesoporous silica(SBA15),modified internally with ammonium pyrrolidi...Heavy metal ions in shellfish products are harmful to human health,and their removal with low nutrient loss remains challenging.Herein,a new type of mesoporous silica(SBA15),modified internally with ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate(APDC)and externally with alkyl-diol groups,which was named as Diol-APDC-SBA15,was successfully developed and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction patterns,nitrogen adsorption,and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The solutions with lead,chromium,cadmium,and copper were used to investigate the adsorption capacity of Diol-APDC-SBA15.Diol-APDC-SBA15 was adopted to remove heavy metals from cooking liquids of clams(Ruditapes philippinarum),hydrolysate liquids of oysters(Ostrea gigas Thunberg),and polysaccharide solution from the cooking liquid of R.philippinarum.The efficiencies of removing heavy metal ions and the loss rates of proteins and polysaccharides were examined.The results showed that the adsorption capacities of Diol-APDCSBA15 for Pb,Cr,Cd,and Cu in standard heavy-metal solutions were 161.4,166.1,29.6,and 60.2mgg^(−1),respectively.The removal efficiency of Diol-APDC-SBA15 for Pb in the three shellfish processing liquids ranged from 60.5%to 99.6%.The Cr removal efficiency was above 99.9%in the oyster hydrolysate liquid.Meanwhile,the percentages of polysaccharide loss were 5.5%and 3.7%in the cooking liquid of clam and polysaccharide solution,respectively,and the protein loss was 1.2%in the oyster hydrolysate liquid.Therefore,the Diol-APDC-SBA15 material exhibits a great potential application in the removal of heavy metals from shellfish processing liquids with low losses of proteins and polysaccharides.展开更多
Lithium metal batteries represent promising candidates for high-energy-density batteries, however, many challenges must still be overcome,e.g., interface instability and dendrite growth. In this work, nano silica aero...Lithium metal batteries represent promising candidates for high-energy-density batteries, however, many challenges must still be overcome,e.g., interface instability and dendrite growth. In this work, nano silica aerogel was employed to generate a hybrid film with high lithium ion conductivity(0.6 mS cm^(-1)at room temperature) via an in situ crosslinking reaction. TOF-SIMS profile analysis has revealed conversion mechanism of hybrid film to Li–Si alloy/Li F biphasic interface layer, suggesting that the Li–Si alloy and Li F-rich interface layer promoted rapid Li+transport and shielded the Li anodes from corrosive reactions with electrolyte-derived products. When coupled with nickel-cobalt-manganese-based cathodes, the batteries achieve outstanding capacity retention over 1000 cycles at 1 C. Additionally the developed film coated on Li enabled high coulombic efficiency(99.5%) after long-term cycling when coupled with S cathodes. Overall, the results presented herein confirm an effective strategy for the development of high-energy batteries.展开更多
A novel light responsive nanosphere was constructed,and it was used as a drug carrier to investigate the loading and release properties of the Quercetin(QU).In this paper,mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MSN)were used ...A novel light responsive nanosphere was constructed,and it was used as a drug carrier to investigate the loading and release properties of the Quercetin(QU).In this paper,mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MSN)were used as a substrate,and 3-aminopropyl triethyoxysilane was used as a surface modification agent to introduce—NH_(2),and the azobenzene-4,4’-dicarboxylic acid(AZO)was used as light responsive agent to introduce the group of—N=N—,and thenβ-cyclodextrin(β-CD)was combined with AZO through host-guest interaction to construct light responsive nanoparticles(MSN@β-CD).The structure and properties of the carrier were analyzed by FTIR,BET,XPS,TGA,XRD,SEM and TEM.In vitro drug release studies showed the release rate of QU@MSN@β-CD(dark)was 12.19%within 72 h,but the release rate of QU@MSN@β-CD(light 10 min)was 26.09%,exhibiting a light-responsive property.The CCK8 tests demonstrated that MSN@β-CD could significantly decrease the toxicity of QU.Therefore,the controllable light-responsive drug delivery system has great application prospects.展开更多
The introduction of bifunctional groups into low-cost adsorbents for selective adsorption of Ag(I) through synergistic effect will have a profound impact on the recovery of precious metals. Organo silica nanosheets(or...The introduction of bifunctional groups into low-cost adsorbents for selective adsorption of Ag(I) through synergistic effect will have a profound impact on the recovery of precious metals. Organo silica nanosheets(organo-Si NSs) functionalized by series of azole derivatives(2-mercaptoimidazole(MI), 2-mercaptobenzimidazole(MBT) and 1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol(MTT)), are fabricated and employed for selective removal of Ag(I). The structures of the organo-Si NSs are investigated using several characterization methods. The results of batch adsorption experiments display that the maximum adsorption amounts are 70.3, 103.2 and 139.5 mg·g^(-1) on MI-Si NSs, MBI-Si NSs and MTT-Si NSs for Ag(I) ions, and reach rapid equilibrium within 10–30 min. The adsorption processes are chemisorption and fit pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. Notably, MTT-Si NSs is greatly selective for Ag(I) in multicomponent system, and the distribution coefficient value of Ag(I) ions reaches 2331.26 ml·g^(-1). The reusability of organo-Si NSs is verified by four cycles of regeneration tests with 0.1 mol·L^(-1) HNO_(3) as the eluent. A combination of experimental, structural along with theoretical analysis is conducted to proclaim the structure-adsorptivity relationship:(i) The adsorption mechanisms are attributed to complexation.(ii) The amino group and sulfhydryl group of MTT-Si NSs as well as MBISi NSs may have synergistic impacts on Ag(I) capture.(iii) The differences in adsorption behavior and selectivity of the three organo-Si NSs are mainly related to the form of function groups, charge density and steric hindrance of adsorbent. This work not only sheds light on the promise of functionalized organo-Si NSs for the rapid and selective removal/enrichment of Ag(I) ions in complex water systems,but also provides new insights for designing cost-effective Si NSs-based adsorbents.展开更多
Uniform monodispersed mesoporous silica nanospheres with vertical pores were successfully synthesized using chiral amphiphilic small molecule L-16Ala5PyClO4and solvents as dual templates via solgel transcription.The m...Uniform monodispersed mesoporous silica nanospheres with vertical pores were successfully synthesized using chiral amphiphilic small molecule L-16Ala5PyClO4and solvents as dual templates via solgel transcription.The morphologies and pore sizes of silicas are adjustable by changing the type and amount of solvents in the reaction systems.With the increase of the organic solvent content,the morphologies of the obtained silica changed from nanospheres with vertical pore structures to nanosheets structures.When 1 mL of benzene,cyclohexane or toluene were used as solvents,only silica nanospheres were obtained,the BET surface areas of silica nanospheres reached 600.7,669.5,and 560.8 m^(2)/g,respectively.The pore sizes were 3.51,3.54,and 3.46 nm,respectively.Significantly,these ordered silica nanospheres/poly(vinyl alcohol-co-ethylene)(PVAco-PE)nanofiber membranes have high separation efficiencies(>99%)for n-hexane/water mixtures.展开更多
Silica aerogel with different hydrophilicities were prepared from tetramethoxysilane,Methymethoxysilane,tetramethoxysilane-propyltrimethoxysilane,or tetramethoxysilane-phenyltrimethoxysilane mixtures via supercritical...Silica aerogel with different hydrophilicities were prepared from tetramethoxysilane,Methymethoxysilane,tetramethoxysilane-propyltrimethoxysilane,or tetramethoxysilane-phenyltrimethoxysilane mixtures via supercritical drying process(labelled as TMOS-AG Me-TMOS-AG,Pr-TMOS-AG,or Ph-TMOS-AG,respectively).Three fragrances,including geraniol,ethyl vanillin,and menthol,were loaded to TMOS-AG.The thermal analysis confirmed all loading fragrances are stable until over 200℃.And among all fragrances,geraniol presented the maximum loading contents(L_(m)).Concentration dependences indicated the geraniol was mono layer absorbed.Py-GC/MS of geraniol in TMOS-AG under both N_(2)and mimic air atmosphere(90%N_(2)and 10%O_(2))confirmed that loaded geraniol could be thermally controlled-released beginning at 200℃.As N_(2)absorption confirmed,even absorption/desorption equilibrium constant(k)was determined mainly by hydrophilicity of silica aerogels,and the maximum loading contents(L_(m))were influenced more by the pore size.Due to mono layered absorption,bigger pores usually give less specific areas and less absorbing sites for geraniol,and then present lower L_(m).展开更多
A one-step ultrasonic mechanical method was used to synthesize a kind of atmospheric water harvesting material with high water harvesting performance in a wide relative humidity(RH)range,especially at low RH(RH<40%...A one-step ultrasonic mechanical method was used to synthesize a kind of atmospheric water harvesting material with high water harvesting performance in a wide relative humidity(RH)range,especially at low RH(RH<40%),namely,mesoporous silica capsule(MSC)with core-shell structure.Transmission electron microscopy(TEM),nitrogen adsorption and other characterization techniques were used to study the formation process of nano-microspheres.A new mechanism of self-adaptive concentration gradient regulation of silicon migration and recombination core-shell structure was proposed to explain the formation of a cavity in the MSC system.The core-shell design can enhance the specific surface area and pore volume while maintaining the monodispersity and mesoporous size.To study the water harvesting performance of MSC,solid silica nanoparticles(SSN)and mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MSN)were prepared.In a small atmospheric water collection test(25℃,40%RH),the water vapour adsorption and desorption kinetics of MSC,SSN,MSN and a commercial silica gel(CSG)were compared and analyzed.The results show that the MSC with mesoporous channels and core-shell structure can provide about 0.324 gwater/gadsorbent,79%higher than the CSG(0.181 gwater/gadsorbent).It is 25.1%higher than that of 0.259 gwater/gadsorbentof un-hollowed MSN and 980%higher than that of0.03 gwater/gadsorbentof un-hollowed SSN.The material has a large specific surface area and pore volume,simple preparation method and low cost,which provides a feasible idea for realising atmospheric water collection in arid and semi-arid regions.展开更多
Biocompatible conversion of chitosan and chitosan/silica hybrid coating were prepared to enhance the biocompatibility and corrosion resistance of biodegradable AZ31 Mg alloy. The coatings were optimized and analysed w...Biocompatible conversion of chitosan and chitosan/silica hybrid coating were prepared to enhance the biocompatibility and corrosion resistance of biodegradable AZ31 Mg alloy. The coatings were optimized and analysed with potentiodynamic polarization, SEM, ATR-IR and XPS studies. Potentiodynamic polarization studies, revealed that the coatings exhibited high corrosion resistance. The surface morphology of the Ch-3/Si coating showed small globular rough structure. The presence of functional groups was confirmed by ATR-IR. For a better understanding of chitosan/silica hybrid coating, the chemical states were examined by XPS studies. The in-vitro bioactivity of the coated samples was evaluated in Earle’s solution, which formed a dense layer of coral-like structure and calcium-deficient apatite with less stoichiometric ratio than the hydroxyapatite. In-vitro cell culture studies exhibited a good cell proliferation rate and the fabricated Ch-3/Si coating was found to be non-hemolytic. The bacterial studies proved that Ch-3/Si coating possessed inherent antibacterial activity.展开更多
The weak adhesion between nanocarriers and the intestinal mucosa was one of the main reasons caused the failure in oral delivery.Inspired by the“antiskid tires”with complex chiral patterns,mesoporous silica nanopart...The weak adhesion between nanocarriers and the intestinal mucosa was one of the main reasons caused the failure in oral delivery.Inspired by the“antiskid tires”with complex chiral patterns,mesoporous silica nanoparticles AT-R@CMSN exhibiting geometrical chiral structure were designed to improve the surface/interface roughness in nanoscale,and employed as the hosting system for insoluble drugs nimesulide(NMS)and ibuprofen(IBU).Once performing the delivery tasks,AT-R@CMSN with rigid skeleton protected the loaded drug and reduced the irritation of drug on gastrointestinal tract(GIT),while their porous structure deprived drug crystal and improved drug release.More importantly,AT-R@CMSN functioned as“antiskid tire”to produce higher friction on intestinal mucosa and substantively influencedmultiple biological processes,including“contact”,“adhesion”,“retention”,“permeation”and“uptake”,compared to the achiral S@MSN,thereby improving the oral adsorption effectiveness of such drug delivery systems.By engineering AT-R@CMSN to overcome the stability,solubility and permeability bottlenecks of drugs,orally administered NMS or IBU loaded AT-R@CMSN could achieve higher relative bioavailability(705.95%and 444.42%,respectively)and stronger anti-inflammation effect.In addition,AT-R@CMSN displayed favorable biocompatibility and biodegradability.Undoubtedly,the present finding helped to understand the oral adsorption process of nanocarriers,and provided novel insights into the rational design of nanocarriers.展开更多
The combined use of silica fume(SF)and ceramic waste(CW)for the production of mortar is studied.Sand is replaced by 5%,10%,15%and 20%of CW while a fixed 5%percentage(%wt of cement)of SF is used.The results show that t...The combined use of silica fume(SF)and ceramic waste(CW)for the production of mortar is studied.Sand is replaced by 5%,10%,15%and 20%of CW while a fixed 5%percentage(%wt of cement)of SF is used.The results show that the best results are obtained by using silica fume and ceramic waste sand with 15%weight of sand and 5%wt of cement.With the addition of sand ceramic waste(SCW),the mortar compressive strength and density increase,while the porosity displays an opposite trend.The experimental analysis is complemented with theoretical considerations on the matrix strength and related improvements in mechanical behavior.It is shown that the agreement between the experimental values and the estimated values is good.展开更多
NizP supported catalysts exhibit high catalytic activities in hydrogenation reaction,of which the particle sizes of Ni_(2)P active phases are the key influential factor.This research focus on the effect of chelators o...NizP supported catalysts exhibit high catalytic activities in hydrogenation reaction,of which the particle sizes of Ni_(2)P active phases are the key influential factor.This research focus on the effect of chelators on the size of Ni_(2)P particles over wrinkle silica nanoparticles(WSNs)by introducing chelating agents EDTA and NTA during impregnation process.The characterization results show that chelators modified cata-lysts possess smaller size of Ni_(2)P particles than the unmodified Ni_(2)P catalysts.Among all the synthesized catalysts,the EDTA modified Ni_(2)PE(1.5)/WSNs catalyst possesses smallest average particle size of Ni_(2)P,only 2.6 nm.Moreover,the Ni_(2)P catalysts with the assistance of EDTA exhibits better catalytic activity than that of NTA under high reaction temperature,which can be ascribed to the strong bonding between EDTA and Ni.And the EDTA modified Ni_(2)PE(1.5)/WSNs catalyst shows highest hydrogenation ability,almost reaching 100%decalin selectivity.展开更多
The adsorption of Pb(II)on silica gel synthesized from chemical glass bottle waste has been studied.The effect of independent variables(adsorbent dose,initial concentration of Pb(II),contact time,and pH)on the Pb(II)r...The adsorption of Pb(II)on silica gel synthesized from chemical glass bottle waste has been studied.The effect of independent variables(adsorbent dose,initial concentration of Pb(II),contact time,and pH)on the Pb(II)removal from water was evaluated and optimized using the Response Surface Methodology(RSM).Under optimized conditions(adsorbent dose:20 mg;contact time:30 min;initial Pb(II)concentration:120 mg.L^(−1);and pH:8),the removal of Pb(II)was 99.77%.The adsorption equilibrium data obtained from the batch experiment were investigated using different isotherm models.The Langmuir isotherm model fits the experimental data.This shows that the surface of the silica gel synthesized from chemical bottles waste was covered by a Pb(II)monolayer.XRF analysis showed that the synthesized silica gel had a SiO_(2) content of 75.63%.Amorphous silica was observed from XRD analysis.SEM-EDX characterization showed that Pb was adsorbed on the silica gel surface.SEM analysis showed that silica gel has irregular particles with a surface area of 297.08 m2.g^(−1) with a pore radius of 15.74 nm calculated from BET analysis.展开更多
This research focuses on the effective removal of methylene blue dye using silica gel synthesized from chemical glass bottle waste as an environmentally friendly and cost-effective adsorbent.The adsorption process was...This research focuses on the effective removal of methylene blue dye using silica gel synthesized from chemical glass bottle waste as an environmentally friendly and cost-effective adsorbent.The adsorption process was optimized using Box-Behnken Design(BBD)and Response Surface Methodology(RSM)to investigate the influence of pH(6;8 and 10),contact time(15;30 and 45 min),adsorbent mass(30;50 and 70 mg),and initial concentration(20;50 and 80 mg/L)of the adsorbate on the adsorption efficiency.The BBD was conducted using Google Colaboratory software,which encompassed 27 experiments with randomly assigned combinations.The silica gel synthesized from chemical glass bottle was characterized by XRD,FTIR,SEM-EDX and TEM.The adsorption result was measured by spectrophotometer UV-Vis.The optimized conditions resulted in a remarkable methylene blue removal efficiency of 99.41%.Characterization of the silica gel demonstrated amorphous morphology and prominent absorption bands characteristic of silica.The Langmuir isotherm model best described the adsorption behavior,revealing chemisorption with a monolayer coverage of methylene blue on the adsorbent surface,and a maximum adsorption capacity of 82.02 mg/g.Additionally,the pseudo-second-order kinetics model indicated a chemisorption mechanism during the adsorption process.The findings highlight the potential of silica gel from chemical glass bottle waste as a promising adsorbent for wastewater treatment,offering economic and environmental benefits.Further investigations can explore its scalability,regenerability,and reusability for industrial-scale applications.展开更多
Background:Currently,no drugs can specifically improve clinical cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury or the prognosis of hemodialysis.Salvianolic acid B(SalB)is a widely used cardiac protectant;however,its clinical app...Background:Currently,no drugs can specifically improve clinical cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury or the prognosis of hemodialysis.Salvianolic acid B(SalB)is a widely used cardiac protectant;however,its clinical application is limited by its low oral bioavailability and poor intestinal absorption.The exploration of its preparation and clinical applications has become a research hotspot in recent years.Methods:To determine whether mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MSNs)efficiently delivered SalB to the heart and SalB@MSNs-RhB reduced myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury,we constructed a myocardial ischemia-reperfusion male rat model,hypoxia/reoxygenation cardiomyocytes,and treated them with SalB@MSNs-RhB.Results:SalB@MSNs-RhB showed improved bioavailability,therapeutic effect,heightened JAK2/STAT3-dependent pro-survival signaling,and antioxidant responses,thereby protecting cardiomyocytes from ischemia-reperfusion injury-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis.Conclusion:This use of SalB-loaded nanoparticles and investigation of their mechanism of action may provide a new strategy for treating cardiomyocytes.Thus,hypoxia/reoxygenation promotes the clinical application of SalB.展开更多
基金The authors acknowledge the financial supports from the National Science Foundation of China(U1908204,91845201,and 22002093)the funds that Central Government Guides Local Science and Technology Development(2022JH6/100100052)Scientific Research Project of Education Department of Liaoning Province(LQN202006).
文摘Yolk-shell SiO2 particles(YP)with center-radial meso-channels were fabricated through a simple and effective method.Al-containing YP-supported NiMo catalysts with different Al amounts(NiMo/AYP-x,x=Si/Al molar proportion)were prepared and dibenzothiophene(DBT)and 4,6-dimethyl-dibenzothiophene(4,6-DMDBT)were employed as the probes to evaluate the hydrodesulfurization(HDS)catalytic performance.The as-prepared AYP-x carriers and corresponding catalysts were characterized by some advanced characterizations to obtain deeper correlations between physicochemical properties and the HDS performance.The average pore sizes of series AYP-x supports are above 6.0 nm,which favors the mass transfer of organic sulfides.The cavity between the yolk and the shell is beneficial for the enrichment of S-containing compounds and the accessibility between reactants and active metals.Aluminum embedded into the silica framework could facilitate the formation of Lewis(L)and Brønsted(B)acid sites and adjust the metal-support interaction(MSI).Among all the as-synthesized catalysts,NiMo/AYP-20 catalyst shows the highest HDS activities.The improved HDS activity of NiMo/AYP-20 catalyst is attributed to the perfect combination of excellent structural properties of the yolk-shell mesoporous silica,enhanced acidity,moderate MSI,and good accessibility/dispersion of active components.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22078076)Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(2020GXNSFAA159174)the Opening Project of National Enterprise Technology Center of Guangxi Bossco Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd(GXU-BFY-2020-005).
文摘ZSM-5 with hierarchical pore structure was synthesized by a simple two-step hydrothermal crystallization from silica fume without using any organic ammonium templates.The synthesized ZSM-5 were oval shaped particles with a particle size about 2.0 μm and weak acid-dominated with proper Brønsted(B)and Lewis(L)acid sites.The ZSM-5 was used for catalytic co-cracking of n-octane and guaiacol,lowdensity polyethylene(LDPE)and alkali lignin(AL)to enhance the production of benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene and xylene(BTEX).The most significant synergistic effect occurred at n-octane/guaiacol at 1:1 and LDPE/AL at 1:3,under the condition,the achieved BTEX selectivity were 24%and 33%(mass)higher than the calculated values(weighted average).The highest BTEX selectivity reached 88.5%,which was 3.7%and 54.2%higher than those from individual cracking LDPE and AL.The synthesized ZSM-5 exhibited superior catalytic performance compared to the commercial ZSM-5,indicating potential application prospect.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51678254)。
文摘Gypsum was used as substrate,and silica gel was mixed into substrate at a certain mass ratio to prepare humidity-controlling composites;moreover,the moisture absorption and desorption properties of gypsum-based composites were compared with adding different silica gel particle size and proportion.The morphological characteristics,the isothermal equilibrium moisture content curve,moisture absorption and desorption rate,moisture absorption and desorption stability,and humidity-conditioning performance were tested and analyzed.The experimental results show that,compared with pure-gypsum,the surface structure of the gypsum-based composites is relatively loose,the quantity,density and aperture of the pores in the structure increase.The absorption and desorption capacity increase along with the increase of silica gel particle size and silica gel proportion.When 3 mm silica gel particle size is added with a mass ratio of 40%,the maximum equilibrium moisture content of humidity-controlling composites is 0.161 g/g at 98% relative humidity(RH),3.22 times that of pure-gypsum.The moisture absorption and desorption rates are increased,the equilibrium moisture absorption and desorption rates are 2.68 times and 1.61 times that of pure-gypsum at 58.5% RH,respectively.The gypsum-based composites have a good stability,which has better timely response to dynamic humidity changes and can effectively regulate indoor humidity under natural conditions.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62275235).
文摘A numerical model based on measured fictive temperature distributions is explored to evaluate the residual stress fields of CO_(2)laser-annealed mitigated fused silica damage sites.The proposed model extracts the residual strain from the differences in thermoelastic contraction of fused silica with different fictive temperatures from the initial frozen-in temperatures to ambient temperature.The residual stress fields of mitigated damage sites for the CO_(2)laser-annealed case are obtained by a finite element analysis of equilibrium equations and constitutive equations.The simulated results indicate that the proposed model can accurately evaluate the residual stress fields of laser-annealed mitigated damage sites with a complex thermal history.The calculated maximum hoop stress is in good agreement with the reported experimental result.The estimated optical retardance profiles from the calculated radial and hoop stress fields are consistent with the photoelastic measurements.These results provide sufficient evidence to demonstrate the suitability of the proposed model for describing the residual stresses of mitigated fused silica damage sites after CO_(2)laser annealing.
文摘Discoveries of many coal seams at depths by drilling carried by Geological Survey of Pakistan in Sor Range and Harnai Gochina, extended the coal seams at depth which is challenge for mine owners to exploit feasibly. Bed to bed gypsum samplings (and their chemical analyses) of huge gypsum deposits from Sulaiman foldbelt is a base for industrialist and also planers to develop cement and gypsum industries to increase export and foreign exchange for the development of area and Pakistan. Low and high grade sedimentary iron deposits, silica sand and uranium host rocks and their extensions in Sulaiman and Kirthar foldbelts are presented. Anomalies of a few base metals arise as a result of geochemical exploration carried at part of Loralai District of Balochistan. Theropod dinosaurs were frequent in India, while Poripuchian titanosaurs (Sauropoda, Dinosauria) were frequent in Pakistan. Besides some ichnotaxa, many bone taxa such as 1 titanosauriform, 14 titanosaurian sauropod (including one new titanosaur), and 3 theropod dinosaurs are established from Pakistan. Among these 12 titanosaur species and 3 theropod species are named in about 10 km<sup>2</sup> area of Vitakri dome and 2 titanosaur species are named in about a few hundred square meter area of Mari Bohri (Kachi Bohri) which is about 10 km westward from Vitakri dome. Pakistan is a unique country which discoverd 14 diversified titanosaurs in a short area and also in a short period (67 - 66 million years ago/Ma). About 400 bones found from a few meter thick upper part of upper shale horizon of latest Maastrichtian Vitakri Formation which is base for titanosaur taxa. Cranial material is in low fraction (but include significant diverse snouts), caudal vertebrae are prominent, the cervicals, dorsals and sacrals have significant numbers, forelimb and hind limb bones have balanced fraction. Humeri, femora and tibiae are most common. To know the position of Pakistani titanosaurs among titanosaurs and sauropods, there is a need to extend list of characters for phylogenetic analyses. This broad feature list should include main characters of titanosaurs from Pakistan and also from global world.
文摘In the current work concrete mixes containing(7.0-33.11)weight%silica fume as fractional substitution of cement with water/cement ratio(0.42-0.48)were formulated conferring to an implemented two factorial central composite design.The samples were water cured for 7,28,56,and 90 days.The samples were tested for compressive strength and density.The experimental results approved that compressive strength and density increase with age and with rising silica fume content up to 11.9 wt.%.Response surface analysis results for samples cured for 28 days confirmed that silica fume concrete with developed compressive strength(53.42 MPa)could be prepared by incorporation of 11.9 wt.%silica fume as a substituent for cement using a 0.42 water/cement ratio.An intensification in compressive strength and density(up to 39.3%and 2.6%)respectively was recorded for silica fume concrete mixes in contrast to Portland cement concrete.Overall,the research findings revealed that silica fume concretes prepared with appropriate silica fume content and water/cement ratio exhibited superior strength and density features candidate them to be used effectively in civil engineering structural applications.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFD0901004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31601538)+2 种基金the Key Science and Technology Program of Liaoning Province(No.2020JH1/10200001)the Fundamental Research Foundation of Education Department of Liaoning Province(No.JL202008)the Science&Technology Innovation Foundation of Dalian(No.2019J12SN61).
文摘Heavy metal ions in shellfish products are harmful to human health,and their removal with low nutrient loss remains challenging.Herein,a new type of mesoporous silica(SBA15),modified internally with ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate(APDC)and externally with alkyl-diol groups,which was named as Diol-APDC-SBA15,was successfully developed and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction patterns,nitrogen adsorption,and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The solutions with lead,chromium,cadmium,and copper were used to investigate the adsorption capacity of Diol-APDC-SBA15.Diol-APDC-SBA15 was adopted to remove heavy metals from cooking liquids of clams(Ruditapes philippinarum),hydrolysate liquids of oysters(Ostrea gigas Thunberg),and polysaccharide solution from the cooking liquid of R.philippinarum.The efficiencies of removing heavy metal ions and the loss rates of proteins and polysaccharides were examined.The results showed that the adsorption capacities of Diol-APDCSBA15 for Pb,Cr,Cd,and Cu in standard heavy-metal solutions were 161.4,166.1,29.6,and 60.2mgg^(−1),respectively.The removal efficiency of Diol-APDC-SBA15 for Pb in the three shellfish processing liquids ranged from 60.5%to 99.6%.The Cr removal efficiency was above 99.9%in the oyster hydrolysate liquid.Meanwhile,the percentages of polysaccharide loss were 5.5%and 3.7%in the cooking liquid of clam and polysaccharide solution,respectively,and the protein loss was 1.2%in the oyster hydrolysate liquid.Therefore,the Diol-APDC-SBA15 material exhibits a great potential application in the removal of heavy metals from shellfish processing liquids with low losses of proteins and polysaccharides.
基金the support from National Natural Science Foundation of China (22179006)International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China under Contract No.2019YFE0100200+3 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (52072036)NSAF (No.U1930113)Guangdong Key Laboratory of Battery Safety,China (No.2019B121203008)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No.2021TQ0034)。
文摘Lithium metal batteries represent promising candidates for high-energy-density batteries, however, many challenges must still be overcome,e.g., interface instability and dendrite growth. In this work, nano silica aerogel was employed to generate a hybrid film with high lithium ion conductivity(0.6 mS cm^(-1)at room temperature) via an in situ crosslinking reaction. TOF-SIMS profile analysis has revealed conversion mechanism of hybrid film to Li–Si alloy/Li F biphasic interface layer, suggesting that the Li–Si alloy and Li F-rich interface layer promoted rapid Li+transport and shielded the Li anodes from corrosive reactions with electrolyte-derived products. When coupled with nickel-cobalt-manganese-based cathodes, the batteries achieve outstanding capacity retention over 1000 cycles at 1 C. Additionally the developed film coated on Li enabled high coulombic efficiency(99.5%) after long-term cycling when coupled with S cathodes. Overall, the results presented herein confirm an effective strategy for the development of high-energy batteries.
文摘A novel light responsive nanosphere was constructed,and it was used as a drug carrier to investigate the loading and release properties of the Quercetin(QU).In this paper,mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MSN)were used as a substrate,and 3-aminopropyl triethyoxysilane was used as a surface modification agent to introduce—NH_(2),and the azobenzene-4,4’-dicarboxylic acid(AZO)was used as light responsive agent to introduce the group of—N=N—,and thenβ-cyclodextrin(β-CD)was combined with AZO through host-guest interaction to construct light responsive nanoparticles(MSN@β-CD).The structure and properties of the carrier were analyzed by FTIR,BET,XPS,TGA,XRD,SEM and TEM.In vitro drug release studies showed the release rate of QU@MSN@β-CD(dark)was 12.19%within 72 h,but the release rate of QU@MSN@β-CD(light 10 min)was 26.09%,exhibiting a light-responsive property.The CCK8 tests demonstrated that MSN@β-CD could significantly decrease the toxicity of QU.Therefore,the controllable light-responsive drug delivery system has great application prospects.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21776306)。
文摘The introduction of bifunctional groups into low-cost adsorbents for selective adsorption of Ag(I) through synergistic effect will have a profound impact on the recovery of precious metals. Organo silica nanosheets(organo-Si NSs) functionalized by series of azole derivatives(2-mercaptoimidazole(MI), 2-mercaptobenzimidazole(MBT) and 1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol(MTT)), are fabricated and employed for selective removal of Ag(I). The structures of the organo-Si NSs are investigated using several characterization methods. The results of batch adsorption experiments display that the maximum adsorption amounts are 70.3, 103.2 and 139.5 mg·g^(-1) on MI-Si NSs, MBI-Si NSs and MTT-Si NSs for Ag(I) ions, and reach rapid equilibrium within 10–30 min. The adsorption processes are chemisorption and fit pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. Notably, MTT-Si NSs is greatly selective for Ag(I) in multicomponent system, and the distribution coefficient value of Ag(I) ions reaches 2331.26 ml·g^(-1). The reusability of organo-Si NSs is verified by four cycles of regeneration tests with 0.1 mol·L^(-1) HNO_(3) as the eluent. A combination of experimental, structural along with theoretical analysis is conducted to proclaim the structure-adsorptivity relationship:(i) The adsorption mechanisms are attributed to complexation.(ii) The amino group and sulfhydryl group of MTT-Si NSs as well as MBISi NSs may have synergistic impacts on Ag(I) capture.(iii) The differences in adsorption behavior and selectivity of the three organo-Si NSs are mainly related to the form of function groups, charge density and steric hindrance of adsorbent. This work not only sheds light on the promise of functionalized organo-Si NSs for the rapid and selective removal/enrichment of Ag(I) ions in complex water systems,but also provides new insights for designing cost-effective Si NSs-based adsorbents.
基金Funded by the Opening Funding of the Provincial and Ministerial Joint Construction of the State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technology (No.FZ2020003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51603155)。
文摘Uniform monodispersed mesoporous silica nanospheres with vertical pores were successfully synthesized using chiral amphiphilic small molecule L-16Ala5PyClO4and solvents as dual templates via solgel transcription.The morphologies and pore sizes of silicas are adjustable by changing the type and amount of solvents in the reaction systems.With the increase of the organic solvent content,the morphologies of the obtained silica changed from nanospheres with vertical pore structures to nanosheets structures.When 1 mL of benzene,cyclohexane or toluene were used as solvents,only silica nanospheres were obtained,the BET surface areas of silica nanospheres reached 600.7,669.5,and 560.8 m^(2)/g,respectively.The pore sizes were 3.51,3.54,and 3.46 nm,respectively.Significantly,these ordered silica nanospheres/poly(vinyl alcohol-co-ethylene)(PVAco-PE)nanofiber membranes have high separation efficiencies(>99%)for n-hexane/water mixtures.
文摘Silica aerogel with different hydrophilicities were prepared from tetramethoxysilane,Methymethoxysilane,tetramethoxysilane-propyltrimethoxysilane,or tetramethoxysilane-phenyltrimethoxysilane mixtures via supercritical drying process(labelled as TMOS-AG Me-TMOS-AG,Pr-TMOS-AG,or Ph-TMOS-AG,respectively).Three fragrances,including geraniol,ethyl vanillin,and menthol,were loaded to TMOS-AG.The thermal analysis confirmed all loading fragrances are stable until over 200℃.And among all fragrances,geraniol presented the maximum loading contents(L_(m)).Concentration dependences indicated the geraniol was mono layer absorbed.Py-GC/MS of geraniol in TMOS-AG under both N_(2)and mimic air atmosphere(90%N_(2)and 10%O_(2))confirmed that loaded geraniol could be thermally controlled-released beginning at 200℃.As N_(2)absorption confirmed,even absorption/desorption equilibrium constant(k)was determined mainly by hydrophilicity of silica aerogels,and the maximum loading contents(L_(m))were influenced more by the pore size.Due to mono layered absorption,bigger pores usually give less specific areas and less absorbing sites for geraniol,and then present lower L_(m).
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50772131)the National High-tech R&D Program of China(863 Program)(No.2011AA322100)+1 种基金the Key Project of Chinese Ministry of Education(No.106086)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2010YJ05)。
文摘A one-step ultrasonic mechanical method was used to synthesize a kind of atmospheric water harvesting material with high water harvesting performance in a wide relative humidity(RH)range,especially at low RH(RH<40%),namely,mesoporous silica capsule(MSC)with core-shell structure.Transmission electron microscopy(TEM),nitrogen adsorption and other characterization techniques were used to study the formation process of nano-microspheres.A new mechanism of self-adaptive concentration gradient regulation of silicon migration and recombination core-shell structure was proposed to explain the formation of a cavity in the MSC system.The core-shell design can enhance the specific surface area and pore volume while maintaining the monodispersity and mesoporous size.To study the water harvesting performance of MSC,solid silica nanoparticles(SSN)and mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MSN)were prepared.In a small atmospheric water collection test(25℃,40%RH),the water vapour adsorption and desorption kinetics of MSC,SSN,MSN and a commercial silica gel(CSG)were compared and analyzed.The results show that the MSC with mesoporous channels and core-shell structure can provide about 0.324 gwater/gadsorbent,79%higher than the CSG(0.181 gwater/gadsorbent).It is 25.1%higher than that of 0.259 gwater/gadsorbentof un-hollowed MSN and 980%higher than that of0.03 gwater/gadsorbentof un-hollowed SSN.The material has a large specific surface area and pore volume,simple preparation method and low cost,which provides a feasible idea for realising atmospheric water collection in arid and semi-arid regions.
文摘Biocompatible conversion of chitosan and chitosan/silica hybrid coating were prepared to enhance the biocompatibility and corrosion resistance of biodegradable AZ31 Mg alloy. The coatings were optimized and analysed with potentiodynamic polarization, SEM, ATR-IR and XPS studies. Potentiodynamic polarization studies, revealed that the coatings exhibited high corrosion resistance. The surface morphology of the Ch-3/Si coating showed small globular rough structure. The presence of functional groups was confirmed by ATR-IR. For a better understanding of chitosan/silica hybrid coating, the chemical states were examined by XPS studies. The in-vitro bioactivity of the coated samples was evaluated in Earle’s solution, which formed a dense layer of coral-like structure and calcium-deficient apatite with less stoichiometric ratio than the hydroxyapatite. In-vitro cell culture studies exhibited a good cell proliferation rate and the fabricated Ch-3/Si coating was found to be non-hemolytic. The bacterial studies proved that Ch-3/Si coating possessed inherent antibacterial activity.
文摘The weak adhesion between nanocarriers and the intestinal mucosa was one of the main reasons caused the failure in oral delivery.Inspired by the“antiskid tires”with complex chiral patterns,mesoporous silica nanoparticles AT-R@CMSN exhibiting geometrical chiral structure were designed to improve the surface/interface roughness in nanoscale,and employed as the hosting system for insoluble drugs nimesulide(NMS)and ibuprofen(IBU).Once performing the delivery tasks,AT-R@CMSN with rigid skeleton protected the loaded drug and reduced the irritation of drug on gastrointestinal tract(GIT),while their porous structure deprived drug crystal and improved drug release.More importantly,AT-R@CMSN functioned as“antiskid tire”to produce higher friction on intestinal mucosa and substantively influencedmultiple biological processes,including“contact”,“adhesion”,“retention”,“permeation”and“uptake”,compared to the achiral S@MSN,thereby improving the oral adsorption effectiveness of such drug delivery systems.By engineering AT-R@CMSN to overcome the stability,solubility and permeability bottlenecks of drugs,orally administered NMS or IBU loaded AT-R@CMSN could achieve higher relative bioavailability(705.95%and 444.42%,respectively)and stronger anti-inflammation effect.In addition,AT-R@CMSN displayed favorable biocompatibility and biodegradability.Undoubtedly,the present finding helped to understand the oral adsorption process of nanocarriers,and provided novel insights into the rational design of nanocarriers.
文摘The combined use of silica fume(SF)and ceramic waste(CW)for the production of mortar is studied.Sand is replaced by 5%,10%,15%and 20%of CW while a fixed 5%percentage(%wt of cement)of SF is used.The results show that the best results are obtained by using silica fume and ceramic waste sand with 15%weight of sand and 5%wt of cement.With the addition of sand ceramic waste(SCW),the mortar compressive strength and density increase,while the porosity displays an opposite trend.The experimental analysis is complemented with theoretical considerations on the matrix strength and related improvements in mechanical behavior.It is shown that the agreement between the experimental values and the estimated values is good.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21878330)Key Research and Development Program of Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.2019YFC1907602)Scientific Research and Technology Development Program of China National Petroleum Corporation(2020B-2116).
文摘NizP supported catalysts exhibit high catalytic activities in hydrogenation reaction,of which the particle sizes of Ni_(2)P active phases are the key influential factor.This research focus on the effect of chelators on the size of Ni_(2)P particles over wrinkle silica nanoparticles(WSNs)by introducing chelating agents EDTA and NTA during impregnation process.The characterization results show that chelators modified cata-lysts possess smaller size of Ni_(2)P particles than the unmodified Ni_(2)P catalysts.Among all the synthesized catalysts,the EDTA modified Ni_(2)PE(1.5)/WSNs catalyst possesses smallest average particle size of Ni_(2)P,only 2.6 nm.Moreover,the Ni_(2)P catalysts with the assistance of EDTA exhibits better catalytic activity than that of NTA under high reaction temperature,which can be ascribed to the strong bonding between EDTA and Ni.And the EDTA modified Ni_(2)PE(1.5)/WSNs catalyst shows highest hydrogenation ability,almost reaching 100%decalin selectivity.
文摘The adsorption of Pb(II)on silica gel synthesized from chemical glass bottle waste has been studied.The effect of independent variables(adsorbent dose,initial concentration of Pb(II),contact time,and pH)on the Pb(II)removal from water was evaluated and optimized using the Response Surface Methodology(RSM).Under optimized conditions(adsorbent dose:20 mg;contact time:30 min;initial Pb(II)concentration:120 mg.L^(−1);and pH:8),the removal of Pb(II)was 99.77%.The adsorption equilibrium data obtained from the batch experiment were investigated using different isotherm models.The Langmuir isotherm model fits the experimental data.This shows that the surface of the silica gel synthesized from chemical bottles waste was covered by a Pb(II)monolayer.XRF analysis showed that the synthesized silica gel had a SiO_(2) content of 75.63%.Amorphous silica was observed from XRD analysis.SEM-EDX characterization showed that Pb was adsorbed on the silica gel surface.SEM analysis showed that silica gel has irregular particles with a surface area of 297.08 m2.g^(−1) with a pore radius of 15.74 nm calculated from BET analysis.
基金funded by Directorate of Research and Community Service(DRPM,Direktorat Riset dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat)ITS through the ITS Research Local Grant(No.1727/PKS/ITS/2023).
文摘This research focuses on the effective removal of methylene blue dye using silica gel synthesized from chemical glass bottle waste as an environmentally friendly and cost-effective adsorbent.The adsorption process was optimized using Box-Behnken Design(BBD)and Response Surface Methodology(RSM)to investigate the influence of pH(6;8 and 10),contact time(15;30 and 45 min),adsorbent mass(30;50 and 70 mg),and initial concentration(20;50 and 80 mg/L)of the adsorbate on the adsorption efficiency.The BBD was conducted using Google Colaboratory software,which encompassed 27 experiments with randomly assigned combinations.The silica gel synthesized from chemical glass bottle was characterized by XRD,FTIR,SEM-EDX and TEM.The adsorption result was measured by spectrophotometer UV-Vis.The optimized conditions resulted in a remarkable methylene blue removal efficiency of 99.41%.Characterization of the silica gel demonstrated amorphous morphology and prominent absorption bands characteristic of silica.The Langmuir isotherm model best described the adsorption behavior,revealing chemisorption with a monolayer coverage of methylene blue on the adsorbent surface,and a maximum adsorption capacity of 82.02 mg/g.Additionally,the pseudo-second-order kinetics model indicated a chemisorption mechanism during the adsorption process.The findings highlight the potential of silica gel from chemical glass bottle waste as a promising adsorbent for wastewater treatment,offering economic and environmental benefits.Further investigations can explore its scalability,regenerability,and reusability for industrial-scale applications.
基金We acknowledge the teachers from the Institute of Radiation Medicine,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences for the I/R help in animal experiments。
文摘Background:Currently,no drugs can specifically improve clinical cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury or the prognosis of hemodialysis.Salvianolic acid B(SalB)is a widely used cardiac protectant;however,its clinical application is limited by its low oral bioavailability and poor intestinal absorption.The exploration of its preparation and clinical applications has become a research hotspot in recent years.Methods:To determine whether mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MSNs)efficiently delivered SalB to the heart and SalB@MSNs-RhB reduced myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury,we constructed a myocardial ischemia-reperfusion male rat model,hypoxia/reoxygenation cardiomyocytes,and treated them with SalB@MSNs-RhB.Results:SalB@MSNs-RhB showed improved bioavailability,therapeutic effect,heightened JAK2/STAT3-dependent pro-survival signaling,and antioxidant responses,thereby protecting cardiomyocytes from ischemia-reperfusion injury-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis.Conclusion:This use of SalB-loaded nanoparticles and investigation of their mechanism of action may provide a new strategy for treating cardiomyocytes.Thus,hypoxia/reoxygenation promotes the clinical application of SalB.
