Sugarcane bagasse was pyrolyzed using a laboratory fixed bed reactor to produce char and its by-product(pyrolysis liquid).The pyrolysis experiments were carried out using different temperatures(400℃ and 500℃),heatin...Sugarcane bagasse was pyrolyzed using a laboratory fixed bed reactor to produce char and its by-product(pyrolysis liquid).The pyrolysis experiments were carried out using different temperatures(400℃ and 500℃),heating rate(1℃/min and 10℃/min),and holding time(30 min and 60 min).Char was characterized according to its thermal properties,while the pyrolysis liquid was tested for its anti-fungal and anti-termite activities.Pyrolysis temperature and heating rate had a significant influence on the char properties and the yield of char and pyrolysis liquid,where a high-quality char and high yield of pyrolysis liquid can be obtained at a temperature of 500℃ and a heating rate of 10℃/min.The yield of char and pyrolysis liquid was 28.97%and 55.46%,respectively.The principal compounds of pyrolysis liquid were water,acetic acid,glycolaldehyde,1-hydroxy-2-propanone,methanol,formic acid,levoglucosan,furfural,followed by some phenol compounds and guaiacol derivatives.Pyrolysis liquid at a concentration of 0.20%and 0.25%(v/v)caused a 100%inhibition of Coniophora puteana and Trametes versicolor,respectively,when performing inhibition growth tests in Petri dishes.Filter paper treated with 10%of pyrolysis liquid caused 100%of termite mortality,while only 5.65%–7.03%of the treated filter papers consumed by termites at such concentration.Pyrolysis liquid is potentially effective to be used in the formulation of wood protection against fungi and termites.展开更多
Pyrolysis is a thermal conversion process in the absence of air to derive energy components from the residues.Renewable-energy technologies will play a major role in addressing future challenges related to environment...Pyrolysis is a thermal conversion process in the absence of air to derive energy components from the residues.Renewable-energy technologies will play a major role in addressing future challenges related to environmental safety and energy security.One of the many easily available renewable energy sources is biomass-an organic material that is thought to be carbon-neutral.Pyrolysis technology is a thermochemical process that can be used to produce useful products from biomass,such as biochar,bio-oil and combustible pyrolysis gases.The structure and relative product yield are impacted by the pyrolysis method employed.This article evaluates different approaches for biomass pyrolysis.Fast,slow and advanced pyrolysis methods using various pyrolyser reactors have been studied in the literature and are provided to increase the variety and use of these methods in upcoming studies and research.Slow pyrolysis can lead to increased ecological well-being,as it increases the amount of biochar produced using auger and rotary-kiln reactors.Rapid pyrolysis,mainly in fluidized-bed reactors with bubbling and rotating circulation,can be used to obtain bio-oil.Advanced pyrolysis methods offer a good probability of yielding great prosperity for specific applications.The selection of a pyrolysis process is based on the required output in terms of solid,liquid and gaseous fuels,and the parameter plays a crucial role in the pyrolysis performance.展开更多
One-pot chemical activation and pyrolysis process was developed for biochar production from red macroalgae residue of Gelidium sesquipedale.The macroalgae residue was activated by various catalysts(KOH,NaOH,H_(3)PO_(4...One-pot chemical activation and pyrolysis process was developed for biochar production from red macroalgae residue of Gelidium sesquipedale.The macroalgae residue was activated by various catalysts(KOH,NaOH,H_(3)PO_(4),and CH_(4)ON_(2))with the two concentrations(2.5 wt%and 5 wt%)using a pulverization system followed by slow pyrolysis at 500℃.The activated biochars showed a porous morphology with an increase of water holding capacity compared to the unactivated one.The properties of activated biochar observed by further characterization(i.e.,FTIR,SEM,TGA)revealed their feasibility to be used as an adsorbent.The results of adsorption experiment confirmed that adsorption was dependent not only on the surface area but also on the surface charge,and functional groups.The sorption performance of activated biochars(AcBC),in terms of the adsorption of methylene blue,was comparable to commercial activated charcoal(Norit^(■)).NaOH(2.5 wt%)-activated biochar had the removal efficiency of 87%versus 97%for commercial activated charcoal.展开更多
文摘Sugarcane bagasse was pyrolyzed using a laboratory fixed bed reactor to produce char and its by-product(pyrolysis liquid).The pyrolysis experiments were carried out using different temperatures(400℃ and 500℃),heating rate(1℃/min and 10℃/min),and holding time(30 min and 60 min).Char was characterized according to its thermal properties,while the pyrolysis liquid was tested for its anti-fungal and anti-termite activities.Pyrolysis temperature and heating rate had a significant influence on the char properties and the yield of char and pyrolysis liquid,where a high-quality char and high yield of pyrolysis liquid can be obtained at a temperature of 500℃ and a heating rate of 10℃/min.The yield of char and pyrolysis liquid was 28.97%and 55.46%,respectively.The principal compounds of pyrolysis liquid were water,acetic acid,glycolaldehyde,1-hydroxy-2-propanone,methanol,formic acid,levoglucosan,furfural,followed by some phenol compounds and guaiacol derivatives.Pyrolysis liquid at a concentration of 0.20%and 0.25%(v/v)caused a 100%inhibition of Coniophora puteana and Trametes versicolor,respectively,when performing inhibition growth tests in Petri dishes.Filter paper treated with 10%of pyrolysis liquid caused 100%of termite mortality,while only 5.65%–7.03%of the treated filter papers consumed by termites at such concentration.Pyrolysis liquid is potentially effective to be used in the formulation of wood protection against fungi and termites.
基金supported by the Department of Renewable Energy Engineering,College of Technology and Engineering,MPUAT,Udaipur,Rajasthan,India.
文摘Pyrolysis is a thermal conversion process in the absence of air to derive energy components from the residues.Renewable-energy technologies will play a major role in addressing future challenges related to environmental safety and energy security.One of the many easily available renewable energy sources is biomass-an organic material that is thought to be carbon-neutral.Pyrolysis technology is a thermochemical process that can be used to produce useful products from biomass,such as biochar,bio-oil and combustible pyrolysis gases.The structure and relative product yield are impacted by the pyrolysis method employed.This article evaluates different approaches for biomass pyrolysis.Fast,slow and advanced pyrolysis methods using various pyrolyser reactors have been studied in the literature and are provided to increase the variety and use of these methods in upcoming studies and research.Slow pyrolysis can lead to increased ecological well-being,as it increases the amount of biochar produced using auger and rotary-kiln reactors.Rapid pyrolysis,mainly in fluidized-bed reactors with bubbling and rotating circulation,can be used to obtain bio-oil.Advanced pyrolysis methods offer a good probability of yielding great prosperity for specific applications.The selection of a pyrolysis process is based on the required output in terms of solid,liquid and gaseous fuels,and the parameter plays a crucial role in the pyrolysis performance.
文摘One-pot chemical activation and pyrolysis process was developed for biochar production from red macroalgae residue of Gelidium sesquipedale.The macroalgae residue was activated by various catalysts(KOH,NaOH,H_(3)PO_(4),and CH_(4)ON_(2))with the two concentrations(2.5 wt%and 5 wt%)using a pulverization system followed by slow pyrolysis at 500℃.The activated biochars showed a porous morphology with an increase of water holding capacity compared to the unactivated one.The properties of activated biochar observed by further characterization(i.e.,FTIR,SEM,TGA)revealed their feasibility to be used as an adsorbent.The results of adsorption experiment confirmed that adsorption was dependent not only on the surface area but also on the surface charge,and functional groups.The sorption performance of activated biochars(AcBC),in terms of the adsorption of methylene blue,was comparable to commercial activated charcoal(Norit^(■)).NaOH(2.5 wt%)-activated biochar had the removal efficiency of 87%versus 97%for commercial activated charcoal.
