XI Jinping＇s thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era contains Chinesewisdom for the development of socialism in the world,Chinese experience of realizing modernization in adeveloping country...XI Jinping＇s thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era contains Chinesewisdom for the development of socialism in the world,Chinese experience of realizing modernization in adeveloping country,and Chinese solution to the global governing. It clarifies the theoretical puzzlement of ＂theend of history＂,＂the clash of civilizations＂and ＂Western centrism＂,so that it plays an important role inhuman intellectual history. Therefore,one should adopt an international vision and a global perspective tounderstand and evaluate the theoretical significance and practical value of XI Jinpings thought on socialismwith Chinese characteristics for a new era.展开更多
Socialism with Chinese characteristics has gone through dificulties and reached a new level.The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly pointed out that socialism with Chinese char...Socialism with Chinese characteristics has gone through dificulties and reached a new level.The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly pointed out that socialism with Chinese char-acteristics has entered a new era and it is our new historical position.This judgement is an important content of Xi Jjin-ping’s thought on the socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era.From the perspective of theory,history and reality,the Marxism Times Thought is its theoretical basis;The Party's practice and recognition of keeping pace with the times is its historical basis;Canstantly promoting the pew development qf socialism with Chinese characteristics is its realistic requirement.展开更多
with the rise of China,how to correctly understand the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics has become a hot issue in the international community.The path of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the pro...with the rise of China,how to correctly understand the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics has become a hot issue in the international community.The path of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the product of the Sinicization of Marxism,and its core point is the leadership of the Communist Party of China.This is the basic perspective to explain this path.From the perspective of the historical process of world modernization,the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics has broken the exclusive situation of Western modernization and provides a new choice for those countries and nations that want to accelerate development while maintain their own independence.展开更多
The green development of socialism with Chinese characteristics is a scientific and rational choice based on the development theory of Marxism,reflecting on historical practice and practicing the value pursuit of Comm...The green development of socialism with Chinese characteristics is a scientific and rational choice based on the development theory of Marxism,reflecting on historical practice and practicing the value pursuit of Communists.Comprehensive understanding and mastering the internal logic and value pursuit of the green development of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era is in favor of upholding and improving the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new situation,implementing the strictest ecological and environmental protection system,and unswervingly taking the path of innovation,coordination,green development,openness and sharing,and providing ideological powers and operational guidance for the construction of a Beautiful China and the modernization of harmonious coexistence between mankind and nature.展开更多
In the years of the Bulgarian transition from Soviet-style state socialism to parliamentary democracy and market economy,the notions of the recent past experience profound changes.This process is predetermined by the ...In the years of the Bulgarian transition from Soviet-style state socialism to parliamentary democracy and market economy,the notions of the recent past experience profound changes.This process is predetermined by the new political imperative—the need to reorient the country from the Eastern bloc to the Western world.Changing the attitude of the Bulgarian society towards the socialist past is accomplished first through the change of curricula and textbooks,but also with the help of the media,which give floor to critics of socialism.Over time,however,especially since the neo-liberal economic transformations that took place under the so-called Washington Consensus led to deindustrialisation and high unemployment,a change in social attitude towards socialism began.In the 21st century,the attitude towards socialism changed.The total denial that prevailed in the 1990s gave way to a more nuanced picture—alongside the shortcomings and crimes,there are also talks about positive features of socialism such as social security and stability.This is evident both in the positions of the Bulgarian intellectuals and in the views of Bulgarian students about the socialist past.展开更多
Ethiopia,whose history goes far beyond three thousand years and is renowned for its ancient civilizations of the Axumite Kingdom,could not consistently promote socio-economic and political development in the course of...Ethiopia,whose history goes far beyond three thousand years and is renowned for its ancient civilizations of the Axumite Kingdom,could not consistently promote socio-economic and political development in the course of nation state building,particularly as a result of the backward feudal mode that prevailed for many centuries in the country.At the end of the 19th century however,the embryo of capitalism that sprouted in the womb of the decadent feudalism paved the way for the introduction of western modernization leading to the immergence of cinematic expression just a few years after the invention of motion picture 1895 by the Lumiere Brothers.Film screening that started in April 1897/1898 in Emperor Menelik II’s palace faced challenges from the aristocracy,the nobility,and the clergy for being considered as a satanic sorcery.This tendency gradually changed through time,leading to the opening of private movie theatres mostly by expatriates,and to the production of two feature length films by Ethiopians in the imperial era.The eruption of the Ethiopia Revolution and the power grab by the Derg military dictatorship that promoted barrack socialist ideology nonetheless altered the path of cinema exhibition and production from private business entity towards state monopoly.This article hence attempts to portray the feature of Ethiopian cinema under the Derg Barrack Socialism(1974-1991)with a concern to bridge the scholarship gap for the academia pertinent to Ethiopian cinema in particular and African cinema in general.展开更多
On the subject of integrating and implementing the spirit of the 19th national congress,Liu Guiqin,director of the department of social science and technology of the ministry of education,made a thematic report entit...On the subject of integrating and implementing the spirit of the 19th national congress,Liu Guiqin,director of the department of social science and technology of the ministry of education,made a thematic report entitled“earnestly studying,propagating and implementing the spirit of the 19th national congress of the party and accelerating the introduction of the thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era into textbooks,classrooms and minds”.According to the report,as well as the ideological and political theory courses,the curriculum integration indepth course education“the thought of socialism with Chinese characteristics to blend in new era.This paper analyzes from the foreign language teaching with Chinese characteristics under the background of new era.The current college English teaching under the new situation of permeation of moral education present situation analysis,this is a natural fit with the research of this project.展开更多
The core values of socialism is a unique value concept in our country. It has a strong scientifi c and rational needs. The socialist core values education is a branch of the ideological and political education. From t...The core values of socialism is a unique value concept in our country. It has a strong scientifi c and rational needs. The socialist core values education is a branch of the ideological and political education. From the perspective of the core values education in ancient China, this paper discusses the education of the socialist core value in related issues. Based on the great practice of Chinese characteristic socialism, this paper deeply studies from the aspect of Marxism and socialism value theory of the basic issues of the construction of socialist core values, systematically analyzes the scientifi c connotation, signifi cance, content, structure and basic approaches of the socialist core value education, striving to present some new idea and viewpoints on the above topics. Under the influence of the network environment, the socialist core values should refl ect its value to guide the network ideological and political, make the network environment more healthy, more adapt to the development of the contemporary society. This paper discusses the network ideological and political guidance under socialism core values.展开更多
The aim of the article is to analyze the evolution of a radical left group in France that created a scission inside the Fourth International after World War II. The group founded a review Socialisme ou Barbarie that c...The aim of the article is to analyze the evolution of a radical left group in France that created a scission inside the Fourth International after World War II. The group founded a review Socialisme ou Barbarie that criticized Marxism and the Trotskyist interpretation of the status of the USSR. The rigorous description of this review reveals the mixture of strong theoretical views on bureaucratic societies and empirical investigations of reactions against those societies. The hypothesis is that this group failed to be a new political force. As a matter of fact, is it possible to depict the evolution of Socialisme ou Barbarie as an investigative journalism based on a strong political and philosophical theory？展开更多
In the report he delivered at the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and other important speeches, General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed that socialism with Chinese characteristics entering a new e...In the report he delivered at the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and other important speeches, General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed that socialism with Chinese characteristics entering a new era means scientific socialism is full of vitality in 21st century China, and the success of scientific socialism in China is of vital significance to the world socialism, as it enriches mankind＇s imagination for a better world and stands at the forefront of the development of political civilization for the bumanity. These statements provide important theoretical guidance for us to better understand the historical position of socialism with Chinese characteristics and gain deep insights into the historical and logical correlation between socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era and the world socialism.展开更多
Socialism with Chinese characteristics is a great cause without experience for reference. Under the general theme of adhering to and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics,the basic issues of socialism with...Socialism with Chinese characteristics is a great cause without experience for reference. Under the general theme of adhering to and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics,the basic issues of socialism with Chinese characteristics are specifically composed of three aspects: the ruling construction of the Communist Party of China,the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the development of human society. In the process of realizing the great leap of the Chinese nation to stand up,become rich,and become strong,the Chinese Communists,mainly represented by Mao Zedong,Deng Xiaoping,Jiang Zemin,Hu Jintao and Xi Jinping,have relayed to explore the basic issues of socialism with Chinese characteristics over the past 70 years,and constantly deepen their understanding of the laws governing the construction of the ruling party,the laws of socialist construction,and the laws of the development of human society.展开更多
Mrs. Warren's Profession is an excellent drama written by George Bernard Shaw in 1893. However, because of its frank discussion of prostitution, the play was originally banned by the Lord Chamberlain, and it was f...Mrs. Warren's Profession is an excellent drama written by George Bernard Shaw in 1893. However, because of its frank discussion of prostitution, the play was originally banned by the Lord Chamberlain, and it was finally performed in January 1902,at London's New Lyric Club. Previous researchers have studied the play mostly from the perspectives of feminism, ethical literary criticism, and social problem drama in order to explore the new female images in Vivie and praise Vivie's female consciousness.While the study on Shaw's thoughts of Fabian socialism embodied in this play is quite less. Through the analysis of Mrs. Warren's Profession from the perspective of Fabian socialism, the exploitation of the capitalist system to the working people will be exposed, Shaw's thoughts of Fabian socialism will be discussed, so as to fully show that Shaw is concerned about the social reality and women. While the thoughts of Fabian socialism is not radical, so it can't change the bad situation of the workers. Only the revolutionary party can liberate the people at the bottom.展开更多
General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important statements on respecting and protecting human rights have deepened the theoretical and practical cognition of the Communist party of China on human rights and opened up a new ...General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important statements on respecting and protecting human rights have deepened the theoretical and practical cognition of the Communist party of China on human rights and opened up a new realm of socialist human rights theory with Chinese characteristics. They are major original theories responding to the demands of the times to realize national rejuvenation, fundamental guidelines for the development of China’s human rights for a new era, the most comprehensive, systematic and scientific human rights theoretical system of the Cp C so far, and integral parts of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Fra. The essence of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important statements on respecting and protecting human rights expound on the purpose, the path, the system, and the practice of human rights in China and offer valuable guidance for the development of the global human rights cause. General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important statements on respecting and protecting human rights establish a scientific guideline for the future development of human rights. They are of great significance to the promotion of broader and fuller enjoyment of human rights by the people, the realization of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, the improvement of international influence of China’s discourse power on human rights, and the better development of the world human rights cause.展开更多
With the birth of scientific socialism in the mid 19th century the socialist movement became an irresistible historical trend. The victory of the October Revolution turned socialism from an ideal into a reality and br...With the birth of scientific socialism in the mid 19th century the socialist movement became an irresistible historical trend. The victory of the October Revolution turned socialism from an ideal into a reality and brought Marxism to a new stage： the stage of Leninism. The October Revolution changed the direction of world history and the Chinese revolution, a continuation of the October Revolution, became part of the proletarian-socialist world revolution. Any talk about Marxism in isolation from China＇s characteristics is merely Marxism in the abstract, Marxism in a vacuum. We can put Marxism into practice only when it is integrated with the specific characteristics of our country and acquires a definite national form. Deng Xiaoping Theory comes down in one continuous line from Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought and is Marxism in practice with the characteristics of the times and national traits. The magnificent achievements in the development of contemporary Chinese society are the outcome of unwavering adherence to and development of socialism with Chinese characteristics. In the context of economic globalization, we are still living in a transitional time from capitalism to socialism, an era started with the October Revolution. The 21 st century will see the rejuvenation of socialism, for the replacement of capitalism by socialism is an inevitable trend of world history.展开更多
Socialism with Chinese characteristics is a product of the integration of the basic tenets of Marxism with Chinese realities and the primary stage of socialism in China, marked by reform and opening up. In this stage ...Socialism with Chinese characteristics is a product of the integration of the basic tenets of Marxism with Chinese realities and the primary stage of socialism in China, marked by reform and opening up. In this stage capital and market exist and play important roles and capitalism is utilized for the Chinese modernization drive under the leadership of the Communist Party. With changes in historical conditions, the ideal of scientific socialism raised by Marx and Engels is confronted with a lot of challenges. It is the historical mission of Chinese Marxists to take up the gauntlet in response to these challenges and solve the historical enigma of human development in contemporary society.展开更多
Autism spectrum disorders are a group of neurodevelopmental disorders involving more than 1100 genes,including Ctnnd2 as a candidate gene.Ctnnd2knockout mice,serving as an animal model of autis m,have been demonstrate...Autism spectrum disorders are a group of neurodevelopmental disorders involving more than 1100 genes,including Ctnnd2 as a candidate gene.Ctnnd2knockout mice,serving as an animal model of autis m,have been demonstrated to exhibit decreased density of dendritic spines.The role of melatonin,as a neuro hormone capable of effectively alleviating social interaction deficits and regulating the development of dendritic spines,in Ctnnd2 deletion-induced nerve injury remains unclea r.In the present study,we discove red that the deletion of exon 2 of the Ctnnd2 gene was linked to social interaction deficits,spine loss,impaired inhibitory neurons,and suppressed phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt) signal pathway in the prefrontal cortex.Our findings demonstrated that the long-term oral administration of melatonin for 28 days effectively alleviated the aforementioned abnormalities in Ctnnd2 gene-knockout mice.Furthermore,the administration of melatonin in the prefro ntal cortex was found to improve synaptic function and activate the PI3K/Akt signal pathway in this region.The pharmacological blockade of the PI3K/Akt signal pathway with a PI3K/Akt inhibitor,wo rtmannin,and melatonin receptor antagonists,luzindole and 4-phenyl-2-propionamidotetralin,prevented the melatonin-induced enhancement of GABAergic synaptic function.These findings suggest that melatonin treatment can ameliorate GABAe rgic synaptic function by activating the PI3K/Akt signal pathway,which may contribute to the improvement of dendritic spine abnormalities in autism spectrum disorders.展开更多
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor is a key factor in stress adaptation and avoidance of a social stress behavioral response.Recent studies have shown that brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in stressed mice ...Brain-derived neurotrophic factor is a key factor in stress adaptation and avoidance of a social stress behavioral response.Recent studies have shown that brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in stressed mice is brain region–specific,particularly involving the corticolimbic system,including the ventral tegmental area,nucleus accumbens,prefrontal cortex,amygdala,and hippocampus.Determining how brain-derived neurotrophic factor participates in stress processing in different brain regions will deepen our understanding of social stress psychopathology.In this review,we discuss the expression and regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in stress-sensitive brain regions closely related to the pathophysiology of depression.We focused on associated molecular pathways and neural circuits,with special attention to the brain-derived neurotrophic factor–tropomyosin receptor kinase B signaling pathway and the ventral tegmental area–nucleus accumbens dopamine circuit.We determined that stress-induced alterations in brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels are likely related to the nature,severity,and duration of stress,especially in the above-mentioned brain regions of the corticolimbic system.Therefore,BDNF might be a biological indicator regulating stress-related processes in various brain regions.展开更多
文摘XI Jinping＇s thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era contains Chinesewisdom for the development of socialism in the world,Chinese experience of realizing modernization in adeveloping country,and Chinese solution to the global governing. It clarifies the theoretical puzzlement of ＂theend of history＂,＂the clash of civilizations＂and ＂Western centrism＂,so that it plays an important role inhuman intellectual history. Therefore,one should adopt an international vision and a global perspective tounderstand and evaluate the theoretical significance and practical value of XI Jinpings thought on socialismwith Chinese characteristics for a new era.
基金Phased achievement of college ideological and political monographic research subject under National Social Science Found 2019-Research on the Status quo and Countermeasures of College Students'Cultural identity of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics in the New Era(19VSZ053)phased achievement of the project supported by Cultivation Plan of Philosophy and Social Science Innovation Team of Henan University-Research on the Basic Problems of Sinicization of Marxispn(2019CXTD020).
文摘Socialism with Chinese characteristics has gone through dificulties and reached a new level.The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly pointed out that socialism with Chinese char-acteristics has entered a new era and it is our new historical position.This judgement is an important content of Xi Jjin-ping’s thought on the socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era.From the perspective of theory,history and reality,the Marxism Times Thought is its theoretical basis;The Party's practice and recognition of keeping pace with the times is its historical basis;Canstantly promoting the pew development qf socialism with Chinese characteristics is its realistic requirement.
文摘with the rise of China,how to correctly understand the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics has become a hot issue in the international community.The path of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the product of the Sinicization of Marxism,and its core point is the leadership of the Communist Party of China.This is the basic perspective to explain this path.From the perspective of the historical process of world modernization,the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics has broken the exclusive situation of Western modernization and provides a new choice for those countries and nations that want to accelerate development while maintain their own independence.
文摘The green development of socialism with Chinese characteristics is a scientific and rational choice based on the development theory of Marxism,reflecting on historical practice and practicing the value pursuit of Communists.Comprehensive understanding and mastering the internal logic and value pursuit of the green development of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era is in favor of upholding and improving the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new situation,implementing the strictest ecological and environmental protection system,and unswervingly taking the path of innovation,coordination,green development,openness and sharing,and providing ideological powers and operational guidance for the construction of a Beautiful China and the modernization of harmonious coexistence between mankind and nature.
文摘In the years of the Bulgarian transition from Soviet-style state socialism to parliamentary democracy and market economy,the notions of the recent past experience profound changes.This process is predetermined by the new political imperative—the need to reorient the country from the Eastern bloc to the Western world.Changing the attitude of the Bulgarian society towards the socialist past is accomplished first through the change of curricula and textbooks,but also with the help of the media,which give floor to critics of socialism.Over time,however,especially since the neo-liberal economic transformations that took place under the so-called Washington Consensus led to deindustrialisation and high unemployment,a change in social attitude towards socialism began.In the 21st century,the attitude towards socialism changed.The total denial that prevailed in the 1990s gave way to a more nuanced picture—alongside the shortcomings and crimes,there are also talks about positive features of socialism such as social security and stability.This is evident both in the positions of the Bulgarian intellectuals and in the views of Bulgarian students about the socialist past.
文摘Ethiopia,whose history goes far beyond three thousand years and is renowned for its ancient civilizations of the Axumite Kingdom,could not consistently promote socio-economic and political development in the course of nation state building,particularly as a result of the backward feudal mode that prevailed for many centuries in the country.At the end of the 19th century however,the embryo of capitalism that sprouted in the womb of the decadent feudalism paved the way for the introduction of western modernization leading to the immergence of cinematic expression just a few years after the invention of motion picture 1895 by the Lumiere Brothers.Film screening that started in April 1897/1898 in Emperor Menelik II’s palace faced challenges from the aristocracy,the nobility,and the clergy for being considered as a satanic sorcery.This tendency gradually changed through time,leading to the opening of private movie theatres mostly by expatriates,and to the production of two feature length films by Ethiopians in the imperial era.The eruption of the Ethiopia Revolution and the power grab by the Derg military dictatorship that promoted barrack socialist ideology nonetheless altered the path of cinema exhibition and production from private business entity towards state monopoly.This article hence attempts to portray the feature of Ethiopian cinema under the Derg Barrack Socialism(1974-1991)with a concern to bridge the scholarship gap for the academia pertinent to Ethiopian cinema in particular and African cinema in general.
文摘On the subject of integrating and implementing the spirit of the 19th national congress,Liu Guiqin,director of the department of social science and technology of the ministry of education,made a thematic report entitled“earnestly studying,propagating and implementing the spirit of the 19th national congress of the party and accelerating the introduction of the thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era into textbooks,classrooms and minds”.According to the report,as well as the ideological and political theory courses,the curriculum integration indepth course education“the thought of socialism with Chinese characteristics to blend in new era.This paper analyzes from the foreign language teaching with Chinese characteristics under the background of new era.The current college English teaching under the new situation of permeation of moral education present situation analysis,this is a natural fit with the research of this project.
文摘The core values of socialism is a unique value concept in our country. It has a strong scientifi c and rational needs. The socialist core values education is a branch of the ideological and political education. From the perspective of the core values education in ancient China, this paper discusses the education of the socialist core value in related issues. Based on the great practice of Chinese characteristic socialism, this paper deeply studies from the aspect of Marxism and socialism value theory of the basic issues of the construction of socialist core values, systematically analyzes the scientifi c connotation, signifi cance, content, structure and basic approaches of the socialist core value education, striving to present some new idea and viewpoints on the above topics. Under the influence of the network environment, the socialist core values should refl ect its value to guide the network ideological and political, make the network environment more healthy, more adapt to the development of the contemporary society. This paper discusses the network ideological and political guidance under socialism core values.
文摘The aim of the article is to analyze the evolution of a radical left group in France that created a scission inside the Fourth International after World War II. The group founded a review Socialisme ou Barbarie that criticized Marxism and the Trotskyist interpretation of the status of the USSR. The rigorous description of this review reveals the mixture of strong theoretical views on bureaucratic societies and empirical investigations of reactions against those societies. The hypothesis is that this group failed to be a new political force. As a matter of fact, is it possible to depict the evolution of Socialisme ou Barbarie as an investigative journalism based on a strong political and philosophical theory？
文摘In the report he delivered at the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and other important speeches, General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed that socialism with Chinese characteristics entering a new era means scientific socialism is full of vitality in 21st century China, and the success of scientific socialism in China is of vital significance to the world socialism, as it enriches mankind＇s imagination for a better world and stands at the forefront of the development of political civilization for the bumanity. These statements provide important theoretical guidance for us to better understand the historical position of socialism with Chinese characteristics and gain deep insights into the historical and logical correlation between socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era and the world socialism.
文摘Socialism with Chinese characteristics is a great cause without experience for reference. Under the general theme of adhering to and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics,the basic issues of socialism with Chinese characteristics are specifically composed of three aspects: the ruling construction of the Communist Party of China,the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the development of human society. In the process of realizing the great leap of the Chinese nation to stand up,become rich,and become strong,the Chinese Communists,mainly represented by Mao Zedong,Deng Xiaoping,Jiang Zemin,Hu Jintao and Xi Jinping,have relayed to explore the basic issues of socialism with Chinese characteristics over the past 70 years,and constantly deepen their understanding of the laws governing the construction of the ruling party,the laws of socialist construction,and the laws of the development of human society.
文摘Mrs. Warren's Profession is an excellent drama written by George Bernard Shaw in 1893. However, because of its frank discussion of prostitution, the play was originally banned by the Lord Chamberlain, and it was finally performed in January 1902,at London's New Lyric Club. Previous researchers have studied the play mostly from the perspectives of feminism, ethical literary criticism, and social problem drama in order to explore the new female images in Vivie and praise Vivie's female consciousness.While the study on Shaw's thoughts of Fabian socialism embodied in this play is quite less. Through the analysis of Mrs. Warren's Profession from the perspective of Fabian socialism, the exploitation of the capitalist system to the working people will be exposed, Shaw's thoughts of Fabian socialism will be discussed, so as to fully show that Shaw is concerned about the social reality and women. While the thoughts of Fabian socialism is not radical, so it can't change the bad situation of the workers. Only the revolutionary party can liberate the people at the bottom.
文摘General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important statements on respecting and protecting human rights have deepened the theoretical and practical cognition of the Communist party of China on human rights and opened up a new realm of socialist human rights theory with Chinese characteristics. They are major original theories responding to the demands of the times to realize national rejuvenation, fundamental guidelines for the development of China’s human rights for a new era, the most comprehensive, systematic and scientific human rights theoretical system of the Cp C so far, and integral parts of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Fra. The essence of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important statements on respecting and protecting human rights expound on the purpose, the path, the system, and the practice of human rights in China and offer valuable guidance for the development of the global human rights cause. General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important statements on respecting and protecting human rights establish a scientific guideline for the future development of human rights. They are of great significance to the promotion of broader and fuller enjoyment of human rights by the people, the realization of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, the improvement of international influence of China’s discourse power on human rights, and the better development of the world human rights cause.
文摘With the birth of scientific socialism in the mid 19th century the socialist movement became an irresistible historical trend. The victory of the October Revolution turned socialism from an ideal into a reality and brought Marxism to a new stage： the stage of Leninism. The October Revolution changed the direction of world history and the Chinese revolution, a continuation of the October Revolution, became part of the proletarian-socialist world revolution. Any talk about Marxism in isolation from China＇s characteristics is merely Marxism in the abstract, Marxism in a vacuum. We can put Marxism into practice only when it is integrated with the specific characteristics of our country and acquires a definite national form. Deng Xiaoping Theory comes down in one continuous line from Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought and is Marxism in practice with the characteristics of the times and national traits. The magnificent achievements in the development of contemporary Chinese society are the outcome of unwavering adherence to and development of socialism with Chinese characteristics. In the context of economic globalization, we are still living in a transitional time from capitalism to socialism, an era started with the October Revolution. The 21 st century will see the rejuvenation of socialism, for the replacement of capitalism by socialism is an inevitable trend of world history.
文摘Socialism with Chinese characteristics is a product of the integration of the basic tenets of Marxism with Chinese realities and the primary stage of socialism in China, marked by reform and opening up. In this stage capital and market exist and play important roles and capitalism is utilized for the Chinese modernization drive under the leadership of the Communist Party. With changes in historical conditions, the ideal of scientific socialism raised by Marx and Engels is confronted with a lot of challenges. It is the historical mission of Chinese Marxists to take up the gauntlet in response to these challenges and solve the historical enigma of human development in contemporary society.
基金supported by the Chongqing Science and Technology CommitteeNatural Science Foundation of Chongqing,No.cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0065 (to YL)。
文摘Autism spectrum disorders are a group of neurodevelopmental disorders involving more than 1100 genes,including Ctnnd2 as a candidate gene.Ctnnd2knockout mice,serving as an animal model of autis m,have been demonstrated to exhibit decreased density of dendritic spines.The role of melatonin,as a neuro hormone capable of effectively alleviating social interaction deficits and regulating the development of dendritic spines,in Ctnnd2 deletion-induced nerve injury remains unclea r.In the present study,we discove red that the deletion of exon 2 of the Ctnnd2 gene was linked to social interaction deficits,spine loss,impaired inhibitory neurons,and suppressed phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt) signal pathway in the prefrontal cortex.Our findings demonstrated that the long-term oral administration of melatonin for 28 days effectively alleviated the aforementioned abnormalities in Ctnnd2 gene-knockout mice.Furthermore,the administration of melatonin in the prefro ntal cortex was found to improve synaptic function and activate the PI3K/Akt signal pathway in this region.The pharmacological blockade of the PI3K/Akt signal pathway with a PI3K/Akt inhibitor,wo rtmannin,and melatonin receptor antagonists,luzindole and 4-phenyl-2-propionamidotetralin,prevented the melatonin-induced enhancement of GABAergic synaptic function.These findings suggest that melatonin treatment can ameliorate GABAe rgic synaptic function by activating the PI3K/Akt signal pathway,which may contribute to the improvement of dendritic spine abnormalities in autism spectrum disorders.
基金supported financially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82071272(to YZ).
文摘Brain-derived neurotrophic factor is a key factor in stress adaptation and avoidance of a social stress behavioral response.Recent studies have shown that brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in stressed mice is brain region–specific,particularly involving the corticolimbic system,including the ventral tegmental area,nucleus accumbens,prefrontal cortex,amygdala,and hippocampus.Determining how brain-derived neurotrophic factor participates in stress processing in different brain regions will deepen our understanding of social stress psychopathology.In this review,we discuss the expression and regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in stress-sensitive brain regions closely related to the pathophysiology of depression.We focused on associated molecular pathways and neural circuits,with special attention to the brain-derived neurotrophic factor–tropomyosin receptor kinase B signaling pathway and the ventral tegmental area–nucleus accumbens dopamine circuit.We determined that stress-induced alterations in brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels are likely related to the nature,severity,and duration of stress,especially in the above-mentioned brain regions of the corticolimbic system.Therefore,BDNF might be a biological indicator regulating stress-related processes in various brain regions.
