Objective: To report the management of skin and soft tissue infections in the surgical area of Kara University Hospital in Togo. Material and Methods: This study was conducted retrospectively from January 1, 2021, to ...Objective: To report the management of skin and soft tissue infections in the surgical area of Kara University Hospital in Togo. Material and Methods: This study was conducted retrospectively from January 1, 2021, to December 31, 2022, in the general surgery and orthopedic trauma departments. The study focused on soft tissue infections of the pelvic and thoracic limbs and analyzed epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic, and evolutionary data. Results: We registered 165 patients, comprising 109 men and 56 women.The sex ratio (F/H) were 0.51. The mean age was 45 years with extremes ranging from 23 to 90 years. Farmers (64.8%) followed by housewives (34.0%) were the social strata most affected. The consultation period varied between 1 and 90 days. The pathologies found were necrotizing fasciitis (53.3%), erysipelas (18.2%), infected limb wounds (12.1%), pyomyositis (9.7%), and necrotizing dermo-hypodermitis (1.8%). The main procedures performed were necrosectomy and grafting (62.9%), sample necrosectomy (18.8%), drainage (9.7%), and pelvic limb amputation (1.2%). Follow-up was favorable in 86.7% of cases. The study noted a death rate of 13.3% due to septic shock secondary to a delay in consultation. Conclusion: Skin and soft tissue infections were a common reason for surgical hospitalization at Kara University Hospital, with a high mortality rate due to delayed consultations.展开更多
As is well known, hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS), or vibration-induced white finger (VWF), which is a secondary form of Raynaud’s syndrome, is an industrial injury triggered by regular use of vibrating hand-held ...As is well known, hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS), or vibration-induced white finger (VWF), which is a secondary form of Raynaud’s syndrome, is an industrial injury triggered by regular use of vibrating hand-held tools. According to the related biopsy tests, the main vibration-caused lesion is an increase in the thickness of the artery walls of the small arteries and arterioles resulted from enlarged vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in the wall layer known as tunica media. The present work develops a mechanobiological picture for the cell enlargement. The work deals with acoustic variables in solid materials, i.e., the non-equilibrium components of mechanical variables in the materials in the case where these components are weakly non-equilibrium. The work derives an explicit expression for the infinite-time cell-volume relative enlargement. This enlargement is directly affected by the acoustic pressure in the soft living tissue (SLT). In order to reduce the enlargement, one can reduce either the ratio of the acoustic pressure in the SLT to the cell bulk modulus or the relaxation time induced by the cell osmosis, or both the characteristics. Also, a mechanoprotective role of the above relaxation time in the cell-volume maintenance is noted. The above mechanobiological picture focuses attention on the pressure in an SLT and, thus, modeling of propagation of acoustic waves caused by the acceleration of a vibrating hand-held tool. The present work analyzes the propagation along the thickness of an infinite planar layer of an SLT. The work considers acoustic modeling. As a general viscoelastic acoustic model, the work suggests linear non-stationary partial integro-differential equation (PIDE) for the weakly non-equilibrium component of the average normal stress (ANS) or, briefly, the acoustic ANS. The PIDE is, in the exponential approximation for the normalized stress-relaxation function (NSRF) reduced to the third-order linear non-stationary partial differential equation (PDE), which is of the Zener type. The unique advantage of the PIDE is that it presents a compact model for the acoustic ANS in an SLT, which explicitly includes the NSRF, thereby enabling a consistent description of the lossy-propagation effects inherent in SLTs. The one-spatial-coordinate version of this PDE in the planar SLT layer with the corresponding boundary conditions is considered. The relevance of these settings is motivated by a conclusion of other authors, which is based on the results of the frequency-domain simulation in three spatial coordinates. The boundary-value problem at arbitrary value of the stress-relaxation time (SRT) and arbitrary but sufficiently regular shape of the external acceleration is analytically solved by means of the Fourier method. The obtained solution is the steady-state acoustic ANS and allows calculation of the corresponding steady-state acoustic pressure as well. The derived analytical representations are computationally implemented. Propagation of the pressure waves in the SLT layer at zero and different nonzero values of the SRT, and the single-pulse external acceleration is presented. They complement the zero-SRT and zero-SRT-asymptote results with the results for various values of the SRT. The obtained pressure values are, at all of the space-time points under consideration, meeting the condition for the adequateness of the linear model. In the case where the SRT is zero, the results well agree with the ones obtained by using the simulation software package LS-DYNA. The dependence of the damping of acoustic variables in an SLT on the SRT in the present third-order case significantly generalizes the one in the second-order linear systems. The related resonance effect in the waves of the acoustic pressure propagating in an SLT is also discussed. The effects of the NSRF-originated memory function provided by the present third-order PDE model are necessary for proper simulation of the pressure, which is of special importance in the aforementioned mechanoboiological picture. The results obtained in the work present a viscoelastic acoustic framework for SLTs. These results open a way to quantitatively specific evaluation of technological strategies for reduction of the vibration-caused injuries or, loosely speaking, achieving “zero’’ injury.展开更多
Soft tissue sarcoma(STS)accounts for 1%of all malignant neoplasms in adults.Their diagnosis and management constitute a challenging target.They originate from the mesenchyme,and 50 subtypes with various cytogenetic pr...Soft tissue sarcoma(STS)accounts for 1%of all malignant neoplasms in adults.Their diagnosis and management constitute a challenging target.They originate from the mesenchyme,and 50 subtypes with various cytogenetic profiles concerning soft tissue and bones have been recognized.These tumors mainly affect middle-aged adults but may be present at any age.Half of the patients have metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis and require systemic therapy.Tumors above 3-5 cm in size must be suspected of potential malignancy.A thorough history,clinical examination and imaging that must precede biopsy are necessary.Modern imaging techniques include ultrasound,computed tomography(CT),new magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),and positron emission tomography/CT.MRI findings may distinguish low-grade from high-grade STS based on a diagnostic score(tumor heterogeneity,intratumoral and peritumoral enhancement).A score≥2 indicates a high-grade lesion,and a score≤1 indicates a lowgrade lesion.For disease staging,abdominal imaging is recommended to detect early abdominal or retroperitoneal metastases.Liquid biopsy by detecting genomic material in serum is a novel diagnostic tool.A preoperative biopsy is necessary for diagnosis,prognosis and optimal planning of surgical intervention.Core needle biopsy is the most indicative and effective.Its correct performance influences surgical management.An unsuccessful biopsy means the dissemination of cancer cells into healthy anatomical structures that ultimately affect resectability and survival.Complete therapeutic excision(R0)with an acceptable resection margin of 1 cm is the method of choice.However,near significant structures,i.e.,vessels,nerves,an R2 resection(macroscopic margin involvement)preserving functionality but having a risk of local recurrence can be an acceptable choice,after informing the patient,to prevent an unavoidable amputation.For borderline resectability of the tumor,neoadjuvant chemo/radiotherapy has a place.Likewise,after surgical excision,adjuvant therapy is indicated,but chemotherapy in nonmetastatic disease is still debatable.The five-year survival rate reaches up to 55%.Reresection is considered after positive or uncertain resection margins.Current strategies are based on novel chemotherapeutic agents,improved radiotherapy applications to limit local side effects and targeted biological therapy or immunotherapy,including vaccines.Young age is a risk factor for distant metastasis within 6 mo following primary tumor resection.Neoadjuvant radiotherapy lasting 5-6 wk and surgical resection are indicated for highgrade STS(grade 2 or 3).Wide surgical excision alone may be acceptable for patients older than 70 years.However,locally advanced disease requires a multidisciplinary task of decision-making for amputation or limb salvage.展开更多
Research in the field ofmedical image is an important part of themedical robot to operate human organs.Amedical robot is the intersection ofmulti-disciplinary research fields,in whichmedical image is an important dire...Research in the field ofmedical image is an important part of themedical robot to operate human organs.Amedical robot is the intersection ofmulti-disciplinary research fields,in whichmedical image is an important direction and has achieved fruitful results.In this paper,amethodof soft tissue surface feature tracking basedonadepthmatching network is proposed.This method is described based on the triangular matching algorithm.First,we construct a self-made sample set for training the depth matching network from the first N frames of speckle matching data obtained by the triangle matching algorithm.The depth matching network is pre-trained on the ORL face data set and then trained on the self-made training set.After the training,the speckle matching is carried out in the subsequent frames to obtain the speckle matching matrix between the subsequent frames and the first frame.From this matrix,the inter-frame feature matching results can be obtained.In this way,the inter-frame speckle tracking is completed.On this basis,the results of this method are compared with the matching results based on the convolutional neural network.The experimental results show that the proposed method has higher matching accuracy.In particular,the accuracy of the MNIST handwritten data set has reached more than 90%.展开更多
Background: Maxillofacial injury may vary from simple soft tissue lacerations to complex fractures of the orofacial region. Soft tissue injuries, whether isolated or in combination with other injuries, form part of th...Background: Maxillofacial injury may vary from simple soft tissue lacerations to complex fractures of the orofacial region. Soft tissue injuries, whether isolated or in combination with other injuries, form part of the frequent traumatic craniofacial injuries seen at the emergency department. The force of impact and the injury type is directly related to the severity of the injury sustained. This study aimed to analyze the etiological factors, prevalence, and management of oral and maxillofacial soft tissue injuries at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital. Methods: This was a prospective study that involved children presenting with oral and maxillofacial injuries at the Accident and Emergency Department and the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery unit of the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital in Kumasi between the period of April to October 2020 (6 months). Patient selection was by convenience sampling targeting all children with injuries who met the inclusion criteria. Inclusion criteria were children below the age of 18 years whose parents or caregivers consent to participation. Children with maxillofacial injuries as a result of burns were excluded from the study. Results: During the study period a total of 134 children were reviewed with oral and maxillofacial injuries at KATH. Of these, 107 (78.9%) were recorded cases of orofacial soft tissue injuries. There were 63 (58.9%) males and 44 (41.1%) females and the male-to-female ratio was 1.5:1. The age range of patients studied was 8 months – 17 years, with mean age ± SD being 9.5 ± 5.3 years. Road Traffic Crash (50.5%) was the most common etiology of which Motor cycle crash constituted 24.3% and Pedestrian knockdown was 19.6%. Falls (42.1%) were the next most common etiology. The lips (19.8%) and the forehead (18.5%) were the most frequently injured sites on the face whiles the tongue (3.3%) had the most injuries intraorally. Laceration (45.7%) was the most frequent injury reviewed, followed by abrasions (35.8%). Most of the soft tissue injuries underwent primary closure (56.3%). A complication rate of 21.2% was recorded in this study and hypertrophic scarring (11.3%) was the most observed.展开更多
Soft-tissue sarcomas are uncommon tumors that have traditionally been managed by wide excisional surgery and radiotherapy;the use of chemotherapy has been reserved for advanced disease. Advances in multidisciplinary c...Soft-tissue sarcomas are uncommon tumors that have traditionally been managed by wide excisional surgery and radiotherapy;the use of chemotherapy has been reserved for advanced disease. Advances in multidisciplinary care have improved the evaluation and care of patients with this disease. Limb-conserving surgical paradigms, superior radiotherapy delivery, and novel adjuvant agents for specific tumors are now available. The objective of this study is to report the epidemiological, clinical, histological, therapeutic and evolutionary characteristics of soft tissue sarcomas at the oncology hospital: Chu Hassan II in FEZ, and to define the factors influencing patient survival. This is a retrospective study of 232 cases of soft tissue sarcoma, collected between January 2010 and June 2020. The eligibility criteria were an age greater than 16 years, and histological evidence of a soft tissue sarcoma excluding gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). Items collected were: epidemiological, clinical, histological, radiological, and therapeutic. These are 232 cases, 120 Men and 112 Women, the mean age was 48.89 years (Extreme = 18 - 76 years). The tumor was localized to the extremities at (58.72%). The predominant histological type was Leiomyosarcoma in 61 cases (26.29%). The tumor stage was localized in (17.67%) of cases, locally advanced in 34.05% and metastatic in 44.08% of patients, all localized cases were treated surgically including (84%) conservative surgery and (16%) radical surgery. Radiation therapy was performed in 32.75% of patients. Chemotherapy was performed in 74.14% of patients. Age and tumor stage are prognostic factors influencing the survival of soft tissue sarcomas.展开更多
AIM:To illustrate clinicopathological features of orbital non-rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcoma(NRSTS),and to compare the treatment outcome between postoperative radiotherapy(RT) and chemotherapy in a retrospective...AIM:To illustrate clinicopathological features of orbital non-rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcoma(NRSTS),and to compare the treatment outcome between postoperative radiotherapy(RT) and chemotherapy in a retrospective analysis nearly 20y.METHODS:A retrospective cohort study of 56 patients with orbital NRSTS were reviewed,34 of whom received postoperative RT,and 22 received postoperative chemotherapy.The clinicopathological features,local recurrence,metastases,and survival data were recorded.Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method.RESULTS:During follow-up(111.8mo,ranged 8-233mo) for 56 patients,19 patients of them developed local recurrence,and 7 patients developed distant metastases.Fifteen patients died during follow-up period.Overall survival rates considering the whole study group was 78.57% at 5y,and 72.16% at 10y after the initial diagnosis.Compared with chemotherapy,RT was associated with lower risk of local recurrence [hazard ratio for RT vs chemotherapy,0.263,95% confidence interval(CI),0.095-0.728,P=0.0015];with lower risk of distant metastasis(hazard ratio for RT vs chemotherapy,0.073,95%CI,0.015-0.364,P=0.0014);and with lower risk of death from disease(hazard ratio for RT vs chemotherapy,0.066,95%CI,0.022-0.200,P<0.0001).The 5-year survival rate in RT group was 97.06% compared to 50% in chemotherapy group.CONCLUSION:In patients with orbital NRSTS,postoperative RT provides better control of local recurrence,distant metastasis,and death from disease than chemotherapy.RT is the more preferrable adjuvant therapy compared to chemotherapy possibly.展开更多
BACKGROUND Soft tissue tuberculosis is rare and insidious,with most patients presenting with a localized enlarged mass or swelling,which may be factors associated with delayed diagnosis and treatment.In recent years,n...BACKGROUND Soft tissue tuberculosis is rare and insidious,with most patients presenting with a localized enlarged mass or swelling,which may be factors associated with delayed diagnosis and treatment.In recent years,next-generation sequencing has rapidly evolved and has been successfully applied to numerous areas of basic and clinical research.A literature search revealed that the use of next-generation sequencing in the diagnosis of soft tissue tuberculosis has been rarely reported.CASE SUMMARY A 44-year-old man presented with recurrent swelling and ulcers on the left thigh.Magnetic resonance imaging suggested a soft tissue abscess.The lesion was surgically removed and tissue biopsy and culture were performed;however,no organism growth was detected.Finally,Mycobacterium tuberculosis was confirmed as the pathogen responsible for infection through next-generation sequencing analysis of the surgical specimen.The patient received a standardized anti-tuberculosis treatment and showed clinical improvement.We also performed a literature review on soft tissue tuberculosis using studies published in the past 10 years.CONCLUSION This case highlights the importance of next-generation sequencing for the early diagnosis of soft tissue tuberculosis,which can provide guidance for clinical treatment and improve prognosis.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to observe the therapeutic effect of Jipei Dilong Ointment on rats with acute soft tissue injury caused by heavy objects and to explore its action mechanism.[Methods]Thirty six rat...[Objectives]This study was conducted to observe the therapeutic effect of Jipei Dilong Ointment on rats with acute soft tissue injury caused by heavy objects and to explore its action mechanism.[Methods]Thirty six rats were randomly divided into six groups(control group,model group,high-dose Jipei Dilong Ointment group(JP-H),medium-dose Jipei Dilong Ointment group(JP-M),low-dose Jipei Dilong Ointment group(JP-L)and diclofenac group).Except for the Control group,other groups were subjected to modeling of acute soft tissue injury by the weight impact method.All administration was performed once a day for nine consecutive days.The local appearance score and activity disorder score were determined after soft tissue injury in rats.HE staining was used to detect the pathological changes of injured soft tissues in rats.RT-PCR was used to detect the relative mRNA expressions of Bax,Bcl-2,MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in injured soft tissues of rats.Western Blot was used to detect the protein expressions of MMP-9,TIMP-1,TLR4,MyD88 and NF-κB p65 in injured soft tissues of rats.Results were statistically analyzed.[Results]Compared with the model group,Jipei Dilong Ointment could significantly improve the appearance symptoms such as swelling and ecchymosis in the injured area and the movement function of the affected limb(P<0.05).It could also improve the infiltration of inflammatory cells and widening of the intermuscular space caused by injury.Among them,the JP-H group and the diclofenac group had more significant curative effects.After 9 d of administration,each administration group could significantly up-regulate the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax mRNA expression level(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the ratio of MMP-9/TIMP-1 mRNA expression level showed a downward trend(P>0.05).The expression level of NF-κB p65 protein in each administration group was significantly decreased(P<0.01).The protein expression levels of TLR4 and MyD88 and the ratio of MMP-9/TIMP-1 protein expression level in each administration group decreased to varying degrees.Among them,the JP-H group and diclofenac group significantly decreased(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Jipei Dilong Ointment has the functions of relieving pain,swelling and inflammation.It could improve the local appearance,functional activity and tissue morphology of affected limbs in rats,and has a therapeutic effect on acute soft tissue injury in rats.Its mechanism of action might be related to the inhibition of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB p65 signaling pathway and the regulation of Bcl-2/Bax and MMP-9/TIMP-1 balance.展开更多
BACKGROUND Flap reconstruction after resection of a superficial malignant soft tissue tumor extends the surgical field and is an indicator for potential recurrence sites.AIM To describe a grading system for surgical f...BACKGROUND Flap reconstruction after resection of a superficial malignant soft tissue tumor extends the surgical field and is an indicator for potential recurrence sites.AIM To describe a grading system for surgical field extension of soft tissue sarcomas.METHODS Grading system:CD-grading is a description system consisting of C and D values in the surgical field extension,which are related to the compartmental position of the flap beyond the nearby large joint and deeper extension for the pedicle,respectively.C1/D1 are positive values and C0/D0 are negative.With a known location,1/0 values can be"p"(proximal),"d"(distal),and"b"(in the tumor bed),and the description method is as follows:flap type,CxDx[x=0,1,p,d or b].RESULTS Four representative patients with subcutaneous sarcomas who underwent reconstruction using fasciocutaneous flaps are presented.The cases involved a distal upper arm(elbow)synovial sarcoma reconstructed using a pedicled latissimus dorsi(pedicled flap:CpDp);a distal upper arm(elbow)pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma reconstructed using a transpositional flap from the forearm(transpositional flap:CdD0);an undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma in the buttocks reconstructed using a transpositional flap(transpositional flap:C0D0);and a myxofibrosarcoma in the buttocks reconstructed using a propeller flap from the thigh(pedicled flap:CdDd).CONCLUSION The reconstruction method is chosen by the surgeon based on size,location,and other tumor characteristics;however,the final surgical field cannot be determined based on preoperative images alone.CD-grading is a description system consisting of C and D values in the surgical field extension that are related to the compartmental position of the flap beyond the nearby large joint and deeper extension for the pedicle,respectively.The CD-grading system gives a new perspective to the flap reconstruction classification.The CD-grading system also provides important information for follow-up imaging of a possible recurrence.展开更多
BACKGROUND Active myofascial trigger points(TrPs)often occur in the upper region of the upper trapezius(UT)muscle.These TrPs can be a significant source of neck,shoulder,and upper back pain and headaches.These TrPs an...BACKGROUND Active myofascial trigger points(TrPs)often occur in the upper region of the upper trapezius(UT)muscle.These TrPs can be a significant source of neck,shoulder,and upper back pain and headaches.These TrPs and their related pain and disability can adversely affect an individual’s everyday routine functioning,work-related productivity,and general quality of life.AIM To investigate the effects of instrument assisted soft tissue mobilization(IASTM)vs extracorporeal shock wave therapy(ESWT)on the TrPs of the UT muscle.METHODS A randomized,single-blind,comparative clinical study was conducted at the Medical Center of the Egyptian Railway Station in Cairo.Forty patients(28 females and 12 males),aged between 20-years-old and 40-years-old,with active myofascial TrPs in the UT muscle were randomly assigned to two equal groups(A and B).Group A received IASTM,while group B received ESWT.Each group was treated twice weekly for 2 weeks.Both groups received muscle energy technique for the UT muscle.Patients were evaluated twice(pre-and posttreatment)for pain intensity using the visual analogue scale and for pain pressure threshold(PPT)using a pressure algometer.RESULTS Comparing the pre-and post-treatment mean values for all variables for group A,there were significant differences in pain intensity for TrP1 and TrP2(P=0.0001)and PPT for TrP1(P=0.0002)and TrP2(P=0.0001).Also,for group B,there were significant differences between the pre-and post-treatment pain intensity for TrP1 and TrP2 and PPT for TrP1 and TrP2(P=0.0001).There were no significant differences between the two groups in the post-treatment mean values of pain intensity for TrP1(P=0.9)and TrP2(P=0.76)and PPT for TrP1(P=0.09)and for TrP2(P=0.91).CONCLUSION IASTM and ESWT are effective methods for improving pain and PPT in patients with UT muscle TrPs.There is no significant difference between either treatment method.展开更多
文摘Objective: To report the management of skin and soft tissue infections in the surgical area of Kara University Hospital in Togo. Material and Methods: This study was conducted retrospectively from January 1, 2021, to December 31, 2022, in the general surgery and orthopedic trauma departments. The study focused on soft tissue infections of the pelvic and thoracic limbs and analyzed epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic, and evolutionary data. Results: We registered 165 patients, comprising 109 men and 56 women.The sex ratio (F/H) were 0.51. The mean age was 45 years with extremes ranging from 23 to 90 years. Farmers (64.8%) followed by housewives (34.0%) were the social strata most affected. The consultation period varied between 1 and 90 days. The pathologies found were necrotizing fasciitis (53.3%), erysipelas (18.2%), infected limb wounds (12.1%), pyomyositis (9.7%), and necrotizing dermo-hypodermitis (1.8%). The main procedures performed were necrosectomy and grafting (62.9%), sample necrosectomy (18.8%), drainage (9.7%), and pelvic limb amputation (1.2%). Follow-up was favorable in 86.7% of cases. The study noted a death rate of 13.3% due to septic shock secondary to a delay in consultation. Conclusion: Skin and soft tissue infections were a common reason for surgical hospitalization at Kara University Hospital, with a high mortality rate due to delayed consultations.
文摘As is well known, hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS), or vibration-induced white finger (VWF), which is a secondary form of Raynaud’s syndrome, is an industrial injury triggered by regular use of vibrating hand-held tools. According to the related biopsy tests, the main vibration-caused lesion is an increase in the thickness of the artery walls of the small arteries and arterioles resulted from enlarged vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in the wall layer known as tunica media. The present work develops a mechanobiological picture for the cell enlargement. The work deals with acoustic variables in solid materials, i.e., the non-equilibrium components of mechanical variables in the materials in the case where these components are weakly non-equilibrium. The work derives an explicit expression for the infinite-time cell-volume relative enlargement. This enlargement is directly affected by the acoustic pressure in the soft living tissue (SLT). In order to reduce the enlargement, one can reduce either the ratio of the acoustic pressure in the SLT to the cell bulk modulus or the relaxation time induced by the cell osmosis, or both the characteristics. Also, a mechanoprotective role of the above relaxation time in the cell-volume maintenance is noted. The above mechanobiological picture focuses attention on the pressure in an SLT and, thus, modeling of propagation of acoustic waves caused by the acceleration of a vibrating hand-held tool. The present work analyzes the propagation along the thickness of an infinite planar layer of an SLT. The work considers acoustic modeling. As a general viscoelastic acoustic model, the work suggests linear non-stationary partial integro-differential equation (PIDE) for the weakly non-equilibrium component of the average normal stress (ANS) or, briefly, the acoustic ANS. The PIDE is, in the exponential approximation for the normalized stress-relaxation function (NSRF) reduced to the third-order linear non-stationary partial differential equation (PDE), which is of the Zener type. The unique advantage of the PIDE is that it presents a compact model for the acoustic ANS in an SLT, which explicitly includes the NSRF, thereby enabling a consistent description of the lossy-propagation effects inherent in SLTs. The one-spatial-coordinate version of this PDE in the planar SLT layer with the corresponding boundary conditions is considered. The relevance of these settings is motivated by a conclusion of other authors, which is based on the results of the frequency-domain simulation in three spatial coordinates. The boundary-value problem at arbitrary value of the stress-relaxation time (SRT) and arbitrary but sufficiently regular shape of the external acceleration is analytically solved by means of the Fourier method. The obtained solution is the steady-state acoustic ANS and allows calculation of the corresponding steady-state acoustic pressure as well. The derived analytical representations are computationally implemented. Propagation of the pressure waves in the SLT layer at zero and different nonzero values of the SRT, and the single-pulse external acceleration is presented. They complement the zero-SRT and zero-SRT-asymptote results with the results for various values of the SRT. The obtained pressure values are, at all of the space-time points under consideration, meeting the condition for the adequateness of the linear model. In the case where the SRT is zero, the results well agree with the ones obtained by using the simulation software package LS-DYNA. The dependence of the damping of acoustic variables in an SLT on the SRT in the present third-order case significantly generalizes the one in the second-order linear systems. The related resonance effect in the waves of the acoustic pressure propagating in an SLT is also discussed. The effects of the NSRF-originated memory function provided by the present third-order PDE model are necessary for proper simulation of the pressure, which is of special importance in the aforementioned mechanoboiological picture. The results obtained in the work present a viscoelastic acoustic framework for SLTs. These results open a way to quantitatively specific evaluation of technological strategies for reduction of the vibration-caused injuries or, loosely speaking, achieving “zero’’ injury.
文摘Soft tissue sarcoma(STS)accounts for 1%of all malignant neoplasms in adults.Their diagnosis and management constitute a challenging target.They originate from the mesenchyme,and 50 subtypes with various cytogenetic profiles concerning soft tissue and bones have been recognized.These tumors mainly affect middle-aged adults but may be present at any age.Half of the patients have metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis and require systemic therapy.Tumors above 3-5 cm in size must be suspected of potential malignancy.A thorough history,clinical examination and imaging that must precede biopsy are necessary.Modern imaging techniques include ultrasound,computed tomography(CT),new magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),and positron emission tomography/CT.MRI findings may distinguish low-grade from high-grade STS based on a diagnostic score(tumor heterogeneity,intratumoral and peritumoral enhancement).A score≥2 indicates a high-grade lesion,and a score≤1 indicates a lowgrade lesion.For disease staging,abdominal imaging is recommended to detect early abdominal or retroperitoneal metastases.Liquid biopsy by detecting genomic material in serum is a novel diagnostic tool.A preoperative biopsy is necessary for diagnosis,prognosis and optimal planning of surgical intervention.Core needle biopsy is the most indicative and effective.Its correct performance influences surgical management.An unsuccessful biopsy means the dissemination of cancer cells into healthy anatomical structures that ultimately affect resectability and survival.Complete therapeutic excision(R0)with an acceptable resection margin of 1 cm is the method of choice.However,near significant structures,i.e.,vessels,nerves,an R2 resection(macroscopic margin involvement)preserving functionality but having a risk of local recurrence can be an acceptable choice,after informing the patient,to prevent an unavoidable amputation.For borderline resectability of the tumor,neoadjuvant chemo/radiotherapy has a place.Likewise,after surgical excision,adjuvant therapy is indicated,but chemotherapy in nonmetastatic disease is still debatable.The five-year survival rate reaches up to 55%.Reresection is considered after positive or uncertain resection margins.Current strategies are based on novel chemotherapeutic agents,improved radiotherapy applications to limit local side effects and targeted biological therapy or immunotherapy,including vaccines.Young age is a risk factor for distant metastasis within 6 mo following primary tumor resection.Neoadjuvant radiotherapy lasting 5-6 wk and surgical resection are indicated for highgrade STS(grade 2 or 3).Wide surgical excision alone may be acceptable for patients older than 70 years.However,locally advanced disease requires a multidisciplinary task of decision-making for amputation or limb salvage.
基金supported by the Sichuan Science and Technology Program (Grant:2021YFQ0003,Acquired by Wenfeng Zheng).
文摘Research in the field ofmedical image is an important part of themedical robot to operate human organs.Amedical robot is the intersection ofmulti-disciplinary research fields,in whichmedical image is an important direction and has achieved fruitful results.In this paper,amethodof soft tissue surface feature tracking basedonadepthmatching network is proposed.This method is described based on the triangular matching algorithm.First,we construct a self-made sample set for training the depth matching network from the first N frames of speckle matching data obtained by the triangle matching algorithm.The depth matching network is pre-trained on the ORL face data set and then trained on the self-made training set.After the training,the speckle matching is carried out in the subsequent frames to obtain the speckle matching matrix between the subsequent frames and the first frame.From this matrix,the inter-frame feature matching results can be obtained.In this way,the inter-frame speckle tracking is completed.On this basis,the results of this method are compared with the matching results based on the convolutional neural network.The experimental results show that the proposed method has higher matching accuracy.In particular,the accuracy of the MNIST handwritten data set has reached more than 90%.
文摘Background: Maxillofacial injury may vary from simple soft tissue lacerations to complex fractures of the orofacial region. Soft tissue injuries, whether isolated or in combination with other injuries, form part of the frequent traumatic craniofacial injuries seen at the emergency department. The force of impact and the injury type is directly related to the severity of the injury sustained. This study aimed to analyze the etiological factors, prevalence, and management of oral and maxillofacial soft tissue injuries at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital. Methods: This was a prospective study that involved children presenting with oral and maxillofacial injuries at the Accident and Emergency Department and the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery unit of the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital in Kumasi between the period of April to October 2020 (6 months). Patient selection was by convenience sampling targeting all children with injuries who met the inclusion criteria. Inclusion criteria were children below the age of 18 years whose parents or caregivers consent to participation. Children with maxillofacial injuries as a result of burns were excluded from the study. Results: During the study period a total of 134 children were reviewed with oral and maxillofacial injuries at KATH. Of these, 107 (78.9%) were recorded cases of orofacial soft tissue injuries. There were 63 (58.9%) males and 44 (41.1%) females and the male-to-female ratio was 1.5:1. The age range of patients studied was 8 months – 17 years, with mean age ± SD being 9.5 ± 5.3 years. Road Traffic Crash (50.5%) was the most common etiology of which Motor cycle crash constituted 24.3% and Pedestrian knockdown was 19.6%. Falls (42.1%) were the next most common etiology. The lips (19.8%) and the forehead (18.5%) were the most frequently injured sites on the face whiles the tongue (3.3%) had the most injuries intraorally. Laceration (45.7%) was the most frequent injury reviewed, followed by abrasions (35.8%). Most of the soft tissue injuries underwent primary closure (56.3%). A complication rate of 21.2% was recorded in this study and hypertrophic scarring (11.3%) was the most observed.
文摘Soft-tissue sarcomas are uncommon tumors that have traditionally been managed by wide excisional surgery and radiotherapy;the use of chemotherapy has been reserved for advanced disease. Advances in multidisciplinary care have improved the evaluation and care of patients with this disease. Limb-conserving surgical paradigms, superior radiotherapy delivery, and novel adjuvant agents for specific tumors are now available. The objective of this study is to report the epidemiological, clinical, histological, therapeutic and evolutionary characteristics of soft tissue sarcomas at the oncology hospital: Chu Hassan II in FEZ, and to define the factors influencing patient survival. This is a retrospective study of 232 cases of soft tissue sarcoma, collected between January 2010 and June 2020. The eligibility criteria were an age greater than 16 years, and histological evidence of a soft tissue sarcoma excluding gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). Items collected were: epidemiological, clinical, histological, radiological, and therapeutic. These are 232 cases, 120 Men and 112 Women, the mean age was 48.89 years (Extreme = 18 - 76 years). The tumor was localized to the extremities at (58.72%). The predominant histological type was Leiomyosarcoma in 61 cases (26.29%). The tumor stage was localized in (17.67%) of cases, locally advanced in 34.05% and metastatic in 44.08% of patients, all localized cases were treated surgically including (84%) conservative surgery and (16%) radical surgery. Radiation therapy was performed in 32.75% of patients. Chemotherapy was performed in 74.14% of patients. Age and tumor stage are prognostic factors influencing the survival of soft tissue sarcomas.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.82171099,No.82000940,No.81970835,No.81800867)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (No.20ZR1409500)。
文摘AIM:To illustrate clinicopathological features of orbital non-rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcoma(NRSTS),and to compare the treatment outcome between postoperative radiotherapy(RT) and chemotherapy in a retrospective analysis nearly 20y.METHODS:A retrospective cohort study of 56 patients with orbital NRSTS were reviewed,34 of whom received postoperative RT,and 22 received postoperative chemotherapy.The clinicopathological features,local recurrence,metastases,and survival data were recorded.Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method.RESULTS:During follow-up(111.8mo,ranged 8-233mo) for 56 patients,19 patients of them developed local recurrence,and 7 patients developed distant metastases.Fifteen patients died during follow-up period.Overall survival rates considering the whole study group was 78.57% at 5y,and 72.16% at 10y after the initial diagnosis.Compared with chemotherapy,RT was associated with lower risk of local recurrence [hazard ratio for RT vs chemotherapy,0.263,95% confidence interval(CI),0.095-0.728,P=0.0015];with lower risk of distant metastasis(hazard ratio for RT vs chemotherapy,0.073,95%CI,0.015-0.364,P=0.0014);and with lower risk of death from disease(hazard ratio for RT vs chemotherapy,0.066,95%CI,0.022-0.200,P<0.0001).The 5-year survival rate in RT group was 97.06% compared to 50% in chemotherapy group.CONCLUSION:In patients with orbital NRSTS,postoperative RT provides better control of local recurrence,distant metastasis,and death from disease than chemotherapy.RT is the more preferrable adjuvant therapy compared to chemotherapy possibly.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82272544。
文摘BACKGROUND Soft tissue tuberculosis is rare and insidious,with most patients presenting with a localized enlarged mass or swelling,which may be factors associated with delayed diagnosis and treatment.In recent years,next-generation sequencing has rapidly evolved and has been successfully applied to numerous areas of basic and clinical research.A literature search revealed that the use of next-generation sequencing in the diagnosis of soft tissue tuberculosis has been rarely reported.CASE SUMMARY A 44-year-old man presented with recurrent swelling and ulcers on the left thigh.Magnetic resonance imaging suggested a soft tissue abscess.The lesion was surgically removed and tissue biopsy and culture were performed;however,no organism growth was detected.Finally,Mycobacterium tuberculosis was confirmed as the pathogen responsible for infection through next-generation sequencing analysis of the surgical specimen.The patient received a standardized anti-tuberculosis treatment and showed clinical improvement.We also performed a literature review on soft tissue tuberculosis using studies published in the past 10 years.CONCLUSION This case highlights the importance of next-generation sequencing for the early diagnosis of soft tissue tuberculosis,which can provide guidance for clinical treatment and improve prognosis.
基金Supported by National Key R&D Plan(2019YFC1712500)Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Planning Project(QKHHBZ[2020]3003)On-campus Project of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(2018YFC170810520).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to observe the therapeutic effect of Jipei Dilong Ointment on rats with acute soft tissue injury caused by heavy objects and to explore its action mechanism.[Methods]Thirty six rats were randomly divided into six groups(control group,model group,high-dose Jipei Dilong Ointment group(JP-H),medium-dose Jipei Dilong Ointment group(JP-M),low-dose Jipei Dilong Ointment group(JP-L)and diclofenac group).Except for the Control group,other groups were subjected to modeling of acute soft tissue injury by the weight impact method.All administration was performed once a day for nine consecutive days.The local appearance score and activity disorder score were determined after soft tissue injury in rats.HE staining was used to detect the pathological changes of injured soft tissues in rats.RT-PCR was used to detect the relative mRNA expressions of Bax,Bcl-2,MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in injured soft tissues of rats.Western Blot was used to detect the protein expressions of MMP-9,TIMP-1,TLR4,MyD88 and NF-κB p65 in injured soft tissues of rats.Results were statistically analyzed.[Results]Compared with the model group,Jipei Dilong Ointment could significantly improve the appearance symptoms such as swelling and ecchymosis in the injured area and the movement function of the affected limb(P<0.05).It could also improve the infiltration of inflammatory cells and widening of the intermuscular space caused by injury.Among them,the JP-H group and the diclofenac group had more significant curative effects.After 9 d of administration,each administration group could significantly up-regulate the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax mRNA expression level(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the ratio of MMP-9/TIMP-1 mRNA expression level showed a downward trend(P>0.05).The expression level of NF-κB p65 protein in each administration group was significantly decreased(P<0.01).The protein expression levels of TLR4 and MyD88 and the ratio of MMP-9/TIMP-1 protein expression level in each administration group decreased to varying degrees.Among them,the JP-H group and diclofenac group significantly decreased(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Jipei Dilong Ointment has the functions of relieving pain,swelling and inflammation.It could improve the local appearance,functional activity and tissue morphology of affected limbs in rats,and has a therapeutic effect on acute soft tissue injury in rats.Its mechanism of action might be related to the inhibition of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB p65 signaling pathway and the regulation of Bcl-2/Bax and MMP-9/TIMP-1 balance.
文摘BACKGROUND Flap reconstruction after resection of a superficial malignant soft tissue tumor extends the surgical field and is an indicator for potential recurrence sites.AIM To describe a grading system for surgical field extension of soft tissue sarcomas.METHODS Grading system:CD-grading is a description system consisting of C and D values in the surgical field extension,which are related to the compartmental position of the flap beyond the nearby large joint and deeper extension for the pedicle,respectively.C1/D1 are positive values and C0/D0 are negative.With a known location,1/0 values can be"p"(proximal),"d"(distal),and"b"(in the tumor bed),and the description method is as follows:flap type,CxDx[x=0,1,p,d or b].RESULTS Four representative patients with subcutaneous sarcomas who underwent reconstruction using fasciocutaneous flaps are presented.The cases involved a distal upper arm(elbow)synovial sarcoma reconstructed using a pedicled latissimus dorsi(pedicled flap:CpDp);a distal upper arm(elbow)pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma reconstructed using a transpositional flap from the forearm(transpositional flap:CdD0);an undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma in the buttocks reconstructed using a transpositional flap(transpositional flap:C0D0);and a myxofibrosarcoma in the buttocks reconstructed using a propeller flap from the thigh(pedicled flap:CdDd).CONCLUSION The reconstruction method is chosen by the surgeon based on size,location,and other tumor characteristics;however,the final surgical field cannot be determined based on preoperative images alone.CD-grading is a description system consisting of C and D values in the surgical field extension that are related to the compartmental position of the flap beyond the nearby large joint and deeper extension for the pedicle,respectively.The CD-grading system gives a new perspective to the flap reconstruction classification.The CD-grading system also provides important information for follow-up imaging of a possible recurrence.
文摘BACKGROUND Active myofascial trigger points(TrPs)often occur in the upper region of the upper trapezius(UT)muscle.These TrPs can be a significant source of neck,shoulder,and upper back pain and headaches.These TrPs and their related pain and disability can adversely affect an individual’s everyday routine functioning,work-related productivity,and general quality of life.AIM To investigate the effects of instrument assisted soft tissue mobilization(IASTM)vs extracorporeal shock wave therapy(ESWT)on the TrPs of the UT muscle.METHODS A randomized,single-blind,comparative clinical study was conducted at the Medical Center of the Egyptian Railway Station in Cairo.Forty patients(28 females and 12 males),aged between 20-years-old and 40-years-old,with active myofascial TrPs in the UT muscle were randomly assigned to two equal groups(A and B).Group A received IASTM,while group B received ESWT.Each group was treated twice weekly for 2 weeks.Both groups received muscle energy technique for the UT muscle.Patients were evaluated twice(pre-and posttreatment)for pain intensity using the visual analogue scale and for pain pressure threshold(PPT)using a pressure algometer.RESULTS Comparing the pre-and post-treatment mean values for all variables for group A,there were significant differences in pain intensity for TrP1 and TrP2(P=0.0001)and PPT for TrP1(P=0.0002)and TrP2(P=0.0001).Also,for group B,there were significant differences between the pre-and post-treatment pain intensity for TrP1 and TrP2 and PPT for TrP1 and TrP2(P=0.0001).There were no significant differences between the two groups in the post-treatment mean values of pain intensity for TrP1(P=0.9)and TrP2(P=0.76)and PPT for TrP1(P=0.09)and for TrP2(P=0.91).CONCLUSION IASTM and ESWT are effective methods for improving pain and PPT in patients with UT muscle TrPs.There is no significant difference between either treatment method.
