Soybean hulls, an abundant byproduct of soybean processing, contain rich phytochemicals, fibers, proteins, and minerals. Currently soybean hulls are primarily used as animal feeds. For value-added soybean hull utiliza...Soybean hulls, an abundant byproduct of soybean processing, contain rich phytochemicals, fibers, proteins, and minerals. Currently soybean hulls are primarily used as animal feeds. For value-added soybean hull utilization, 25% soybean hulls were substituted for amaranth or whole oat flour (WOF) in novel gluten-free cookies. Composition, nutritional values, water-holding capacities, correlation between properties, and pasting and rheological properties of soybean hulls, amaranth, and WOF were appraised in comparison to wheat flour. Water loss, cookie texture, and geometrical properties of the cookies were examined. The results disclosed that soybean hulls, amaranth and WOF contain higher protein content, minerals, fiber, special amino acids, and critical vitamins (C and K) than wheat flour. Considerably higher total amino acid content was found in soybean hulls (18.33%) than wheat flour (12.77%). Water-holding capacities increased by replacing amaranth and WOF with soybean hulls. Soybean hulls exhibited higher rheological elastic properties than amaranth, WOF and wheat flours. The soybean hulls utilized in amaranth or WOF cookies greatly improved their nutritional value, the water retention and moisture content along with acceptable physical properties when compared to wheat flour cookies. This study explored the feasibility and potential of utilizing soybean hulls with amaranth and WOF in gluten-free bakery products and other food applications.展开更多
Using soybean hull residue after the soluble dietary fiber being removed during the soybean processing industry as crude material,a novel absorbent,modified soybean hulls,is prepared.Its adsorption behavior for Pb2＋ ...Using soybean hull residue after the soluble dietary fiber being removed during the soybean processing industry as crude material,a novel absorbent,modified soybean hulls,is prepared.Its adsorption behavior for Pb2＋ is studied.The adsorbent has a large and efficient adsorption capacity for Pb2＋,up to 20% of the mass of dry ad-sorbent.Its maximum adsorption capacity for Pb2＋ reaches 217 mg·g-1 at initial Pb2＋ concentration of 2000 mg·L-1,which is twice that of yeast absorbent and threefold greater than that of chitosan absorbent.The adsorption ability is sensitive to pH value in the solution and the optimal pH for adsorption of Pb2＋ is 7.0.In the presence of other metal ions （Ca2＋,Mg2＋ and Na＋） in the solution,their effect on the adsorption capacity for Pb2＋ is not obvious.After 5 cy-cles of adsorption,80% adsorption capacity of Pb2＋ is maintained.Compared with various available commercial resins,the modified soybean hulls are a plentiful,inexpensive and effective medium for the capture of dissolved Pb2＋ from waste streams.展开更多
Twenty five monkeys were used in this experiment. They were divided into 5 groups with 5 animals as the replicates in each group and were adapted for two weeks to the environment before the data were collected. The an...Twenty five monkeys were used in this experiment. They were divided into 5 groups with 5 animals as the replicates in each group and were adapted for two weeks to the environment before the data were collected. The animals were subjected to 5 experimental diets, i.e. T1 (Basal diet); T2 (Basal diet + palm oil); T3 (Basal diet + palm oil + soybean hull); T4 (Basal diet + cholesterol) and T5 (Basal diet + cholesterol + soybean hull). The diets were given for a period of 8 months and water were given ad lib. Blood serum was taken before and during the experiment. The cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL and HDL were measured using the spectrophotometric method. At the end of the experiment thorax surgery was performed on the animals under general anesthesia. The aorta was removed surgicalIy for histopathological observation stained with hematoxylin and eosine.The results showed that the soybean hull decreased the serum cholesterol level in the groups given palm oil (T2 vs T3) and the groups given cholesterol (T4 vs T5) i.e.: 163.4 vs 124.7 mg/dl and 359 vs 288.5 mg/dl respectively. The soybean hull did not significantly affect the serum triglyceride nor the LDL level when palm oil was given in the diet, but it significantly decreased the two parameters where cholesterol was given in the diet (102.5 vs 98.6 mg/dl triglyceride) and (231 .9 vs 183 mg/dl LDL). The soybean hull did not seem to affect the HDL level.Histopathological observation of the aorta indicated that given T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 caused 45%, 41 .67%, 31.25%, 86.25% and 53.38% lesion (Atheroma arteriale) resPectively.It was concluded that the soybean hull given in the diet has the ability to prevent the development of atherosclerosis in the aorta of the experimental animals展开更多
乳液凝胶可用于替代部分脂肪,降低蛋黄酱等食品中饱和脂肪酸的含量,并作为递送生物活性物质的载体。采用热处理的大豆分离蛋白(soy protein isolate,SPI)和大豆种皮多糖(soybean hull polysaccharide,SHP)制备乳液凝胶,利用流变仪、傅...乳液凝胶可用于替代部分脂肪,降低蛋黄酱等食品中饱和脂肪酸的含量,并作为递送生物活性物质的载体。采用热处理的大豆分离蛋白(soy protein isolate,SPI)和大豆种皮多糖(soybean hull polysaccharide,SHP)制备乳液凝胶,利用流变仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和质构仪分析不同SHP质量分数(0、0.15%、0.30%、0.45%、0.60%)对乳液凝胶结构、流变特性、凝胶性和乳化稳定性的影响。结果表明:随着SHP质量分数的增加,乳液凝胶的微观结构更加致密,储存稳定性、G′和G″值、相对回收率逐渐增加。随着SHP质量分数的增加,乳液凝胶的表观黏度增加,并在SHP质量分数为0.45%时,达到最大。红外光谱和扫描电子显微镜观察结果显示,SHP和SPI之间存在分子间相互作用和氢键作用。储藏实验结果证实,储存7 d后乳液凝胶的储藏稳定性随着SHP添加量的增加而增强,当SHP质量分数为0.45%时,乳液凝胶稳定性较高。研究旨在为SHP在食品乳液凝胶中的开发和应用提供理论依据。展开更多
文摘Soybean hulls, an abundant byproduct of soybean processing, contain rich phytochemicals, fibers, proteins, and minerals. Currently soybean hulls are primarily used as animal feeds. For value-added soybean hull utilization, 25% soybean hulls were substituted for amaranth or whole oat flour (WOF) in novel gluten-free cookies. Composition, nutritional values, water-holding capacities, correlation between properties, and pasting and rheological properties of soybean hulls, amaranth, and WOF were appraised in comparison to wheat flour. Water loss, cookie texture, and geometrical properties of the cookies were examined. The results disclosed that soybean hulls, amaranth and WOF contain higher protein content, minerals, fiber, special amino acids, and critical vitamins (C and K) than wheat flour. Considerably higher total amino acid content was found in soybean hulls (18.33%) than wheat flour (12.77%). Water-holding capacities increased by replacing amaranth and WOF with soybean hulls. Soybean hulls exhibited higher rheological elastic properties than amaranth, WOF and wheat flours. The soybean hulls utilized in amaranth or WOF cookies greatly improved their nutritional value, the water retention and moisture content along with acceptable physical properties when compared to wheat flour cookies. This study explored the feasibility and potential of utilizing soybean hulls with amaranth and WOF in gluten-free bakery products and other food applications.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China（20876008 21076009） the National Basic Research Program of China（2007CB714305）+1 种基金 the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China（2006AA020101） Chinese Universities Scientific Fund（ZZ1024）
文摘Using soybean hull residue after the soluble dietary fiber being removed during the soybean processing industry as crude material,a novel absorbent,modified soybean hulls,is prepared.Its adsorption behavior for Pb2＋ is studied.The adsorbent has a large and efficient adsorption capacity for Pb2＋,up to 20% of the mass of dry ad-sorbent.Its maximum adsorption capacity for Pb2＋ reaches 217 mg·g-1 at initial Pb2＋ concentration of 2000 mg·L-1,which is twice that of yeast absorbent and threefold greater than that of chitosan absorbent.The adsorption ability is sensitive to pH value in the solution and the optimal pH for adsorption of Pb2＋ is 7.0.In the presence of other metal ions （Ca2＋,Mg2＋ and Na＋） in the solution,their effect on the adsorption capacity for Pb2＋ is not obvious.After 5 cy-cles of adsorption,80% adsorption capacity of Pb2＋ is maintained.Compared with various available commercial resins,the modified soybean hulls are a plentiful,inexpensive and effective medium for the capture of dissolved Pb2＋ from waste streams.
文摘Twenty five monkeys were used in this experiment. They were divided into 5 groups with 5 animals as the replicates in each group and were adapted for two weeks to the environment before the data were collected. The animals were subjected to 5 experimental diets, i.e. T1 (Basal diet); T2 (Basal diet + palm oil); T3 (Basal diet + palm oil + soybean hull); T4 (Basal diet + cholesterol) and T5 (Basal diet + cholesterol + soybean hull). The diets were given for a period of 8 months and water were given ad lib. Blood serum was taken before and during the experiment. The cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL and HDL were measured using the spectrophotometric method. At the end of the experiment thorax surgery was performed on the animals under general anesthesia. The aorta was removed surgicalIy for histopathological observation stained with hematoxylin and eosine.The results showed that the soybean hull decreased the serum cholesterol level in the groups given palm oil (T2 vs T3) and the groups given cholesterol (T4 vs T5) i.e.: 163.4 vs 124.7 mg/dl and 359 vs 288.5 mg/dl respectively. The soybean hull did not significantly affect the serum triglyceride nor the LDL level when palm oil was given in the diet, but it significantly decreased the two parameters where cholesterol was given in the diet (102.5 vs 98.6 mg/dl triglyceride) and (231 .9 vs 183 mg/dl LDL). The soybean hull did not seem to affect the HDL level.Histopathological observation of the aorta indicated that given T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 caused 45%, 41 .67%, 31.25%, 86.25% and 53.38% lesion (Atheroma arteriale) resPectively.It was concluded that the soybean hull given in the diet has the ability to prevent the development of atherosclerosis in the aorta of the experimental animals
