Chaenomeles speciosa(Sweet)Nakai cultivated widely in temperate regions possesses anti-inflammatory properties,however,the underlying molecular mechanisms remain not fully understood.In this study,a purified phenolic ...Chaenomeles speciosa(Sweet)Nakai cultivated widely in temperate regions possesses anti-inflammatory properties,however,the underlying molecular mechanisms remain not fully understood.In this study,a purified phenolic extract of C.speciosa rich in chlorogenic acid,procyanidin B1 and catechin(determined by HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS)exhibited dose-dependent anti-inflammatory effects on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-treated RAW264.7 macrophages.The extract at 30μg/mL was most potent and enabled most cells in normal morphology under LPS stimulation without causing cytotoxicity.The extract suppressed the levels of nitric oxide(NO),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6)and interleukin-1β(IL-1β),and the mRNA and protein expressions of nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)and cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2).The mechanisms underlying such anti-inflammatory actions included the regulation of phosphorylation of related proteins to monitor the expressions of inflammatory mediators and genes in the nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB)and mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)signaling pathways.Therefore,the phenolic extract from C.speciosa is a desirable anti-inflammatory agent for inflammatory conditions to meet the rising demand for natural and cost-effective therapeutics.展开更多
[ Objective] To study the characteristics of florescence and pollen in Lagerstroemia speciosa. [ Method ] The process of flower opening and pollen tube germination of Lagerstroemia speciosa was observed and the pollen...[ Objective] To study the characteristics of florescence and pollen in Lagerstroemia speciosa. [ Method ] The process of flower opening and pollen tube germination of Lagerstroemia speciosa was observed and the pollen viability was determined through in vitro germination. [ Result] Sepals of L. speciosa started to diverge at 4：30 am, at 7： 00 am petals flatten up, anther diverged, and the stigma secreted a large number of mucus, it was the best time for artificial pollination. Boric acid and sucrose had a great effect on in vitro pollen germination of L. speciosa, the combination which made highest rate of pollen germination, was sucrose 150 g/L ＋ boric acid 20 mg/L ＋ CaCI2 10 mg/L. Through the fluorescence microscope, it was known that four hours after flowering, a lot of pollen grains germinated on the stigma, six hours after flowering, lots of pollen tubes entered the style and reached to 1/4 length of the style, 12 hours after flowering, pollen tubes concentrated into a beam forward, and reached to 1/2 length of the style, 24 hours after flowering, lots of pollen tubes entered the ovary in a beam and then fertilized and produced seeds. [ Conclusion] The results provide some basis for utilizing L. speciosa to breed.展开更多
[Objectives] This study aimed to investigate the quality of Radix Millettiae Speciosae at different planting sites in Guangxi. [Methods] The content of flavonoids in Radix Millettiae Speciosae was determined by HPLC. ...[Objectives] This study aimed to investigate the quality of Radix Millettiae Speciosae at different planting sites in Guangxi. [Methods] The content of flavonoids in Radix Millettiae Speciosae was determined by HPLC. The chromatographic conditions were as follows: column, ZORBAX SB-C_(18); mobile phase, acetonitrile-0.1% glacial acetic acid(42∶58); detection wavelength, 250(formononetin) and 310(maackiain) nm; flow rate, 1.0 mL/min; and column temperature, 30℃. [Results] Under the chromatographic conditions above, formononetin and maackiain could be completely separated from impurities. The standard curve had a good linear relationship(R^2>0.999 9). The precision and stability met analysis requirements. The average recovery rates were 97.53% and 98.54%, respectively, and the RSD values were 2.03% and 1.88%, respectively, indicating that the established method has good reproducibility, durability and accuracy. The content of formononetin was highest in the Radix Millettiae Speciosae from Yongning District, Nanning City, and the content of maackiain was highest in the Radix Millettiae Speciosae from Xichang Town, Hepu County. [Conclusions] The HPLC method established in this study is simple, accurate and stable. It can be used as a quality control method for Radix Millettiae Speciosae. The contents of flavonoids in Radix Millettiae Speciosae from Yongning District, Nanning City and Xichang Town, Hepu County were higher than those from other planting bases.展开更多
[Objectives]To study the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Millettia speciosa and Tinpspora sinensis and their compatibility.[Methods](i)In the glacial acetic acid writhing experiment,60 SPF-grade Kunming mic...[Objectives]To study the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Millettia speciosa and Tinpspora sinensis and their compatibility.[Methods](i)In the glacial acetic acid writhing experiment,60 SPF-grade Kunming mice were adopted,and the mice were randomly divided into 6 groups at male-female ratio of 1∶1,namely,the blank control group,M.speciosa group,T.sinensis group,M.speciosa compatible with T.sinensis group at the ratio of 1∶2(expressed as 1∶2 compatibility group),M.speciosa compatible with T.sinensis group at the ratio of 1∶1(expressed as 1∶1 compatibility group),and M.speciosa compatible with T.sinensis group at the ratio of 2∶1(expressed as 2∶1 compatibility group),12 mice for each group.Mice of the experimental groups were administered at a dose of 20 mL/kg,and the corresponding concentration of the Chinese medicine extract was given at 1 g/mL.The control group was administered with an equal volume of 0.9%physiological saline,and was intragastrically administered once every 24 h for 14 d.After intragastric administration for one hour on day 14,intraperitoneal injection of 0.5%glacial acetic acid solution was performed to induce pain.(ii)In the hot plate experiment,60 Kunming female SPF mice were adopted,grouped,intragastrically administered with the same glacial acetic acid writhing experiment for 14 d.After intragastric administration for one hour on day 14,the mice were placed on a hot plate apparatus at(55±0.5)℃.to measure the time of licking their hind feet.(iii)In the anti-inflammatory experiment,60 Kunming SPF mice were adopted,grouped,intragastrically administered with the same glacial acetic acid writhing experiment for 14 d.After intragastric administration for one hour on day 14,xylylene was administered to the left ears of mice at a dose of 50μL/piece to induce inflammation.[Results](i)In the glacial acetic acid writhing experiment,compared with the blank control group,the experimental group showed analgesic effects.Specifically,M.speciosa group,T.sinensis group,1∶2 compatibility group,1∶1 compatibility group,2∶1 compatibility group showed significant effect(P<0.05),the writhing inhibition rate was 17.65%,20.59%,29.41%,26.47%,and 44.12%,respectively,and 2∶1 compatibility group showed the most significant analgesic effects.(ii)In the hot plate experiment,compared with the control group,all experimental groups showed analgesic effect.Specifically,M.speciosa group,T.sinensis group,1∶2 compatibility group,1∶1 compatibility group,2∶1 compatibility group showed significant effect(P<0.05),the pain threshold improvement rates were 16.13%,14.55%,14.96%,29.95%,and 58.68%,respectively,and 2∶1 compatibility group showed the most significant analgesic effect.(iii)In the anti-inflammatory experiment,the swelling degree of the 1∶2 compatibility group was significantly different from that of the blank control group,M.speciosa group,T.sinensis group(P<0.05).and 1∶2 compatibility group showed the most significant anti-inflammatory effect.[Conclusions]M.speciosa,T.sinensis,and their compatibility had anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects.The 2∶1 compatibility group had the best analgesic effects,and 1∶2 compatibility group had the best anti-inflammatory effects.展开更多
This paper analyzed the effect of raw material crushing fineness,cooking time,ethanol content during ethanol precipitation and other factors on the preparation of raw material extract from Millettia speciosa Champ. in...This paper analyzed the effect of raw material crushing fineness,cooking time,ethanol content during ethanol precipitation and other factors on the preparation of raw material extract from Millettia speciosa Champ. instant tea. The raw materials of Millettia speciosa Champ.,Philippine flemingia root and radix fici simplicissimae were crushed into 10 mesh or finer powder,and cooked for 60 min. During ethanol precipitation,the ethanol content was about 50% to 70%,standing 12 h. The ophiopogon root was cooked in 1∶ 15 boiling water for 45 min,and chrysanthemum was leached for 45 min with 1∶ 20 demineralized water at 80 ℃. After concentration,preparation and spray drying,the finished Millettia speciosa Champ. instant tea was created. The detection of each product index indicated that Millettia speciosa Champ. instant tea had good taste and flavor,and there were no heavy metals,harmful substances and excessive microbes,thereby showing that the raw material of Millettia speciosa Champ. instant tea was selected reasonably,the mixture ratio was rational,and the processing technology was of some security,stability and maturity,which provided a theoretical basis for its development and application.展开更多
[Objectives] To study the material foundation of liposoluble constituents from buds,flowers and fruits of Millettia speciosa Champ.and provide a reference for the development of flowers and fruits of Millettia specios...[Objectives] To study the material foundation of liposoluble constituents from buds,flowers and fruits of Millettia speciosa Champ.and provide a reference for the development of flowers and fruits of Millettia speciosa Champ.[Methods]The liposoluble constituents were extracted from buds,flowers and fruits of Millettia speciosa by Soxhlet extraction and solvent extraction method,and analyzed by GC-MS.[Results]24 compounds were identified from the liposoluble constituents of buds,accounting for 88. 31 % of the total liposoluble constituents,mainly comprising alkanes and olefins compounds( 52. 00%) and alcohols compounds( 17. 46%); 29 compounds were identified from the liposoluble constituents of flowers,accounting for 91. 38 % of the total liposoluble constituents,mainly comprising alkanes and olefins compounds( 60. 64%) and alcohols compounds( 17. 17%); 32 compounds were identified from the liposoluble constituents of fruits,accounting for 80. 01 % of the total liposoluble constituents,mainly comprising alkanes and olefins compounds( 32. 56%),phenyl and its derivatives compounds( 22. 46%) and fatty acids compounds( 12. 54%). 6 compounds were common in buds,flowers and fruits. [Conclusions] Although there were some differences in liposoluble constituents from flowers,fruits,leaves and roots of Millettia speciosa Champ.,the different parts of Millettia speciosa Champ. had development value.展开更多
The essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from leaves and flowers of Montanoa speciosa collected in southeastern Mexico (Yucatan) were analyzed by GC-MS. A total of 71 and 79 components, representing 98.44% and...The essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from leaves and flowers of Montanoa speciosa collected in southeastern Mexico (Yucatan) were analyzed by GC-MS. A total of 71 and 79 components, representing 98.44% and 97.69% of the leaf and flower oils, respectively, were characterized. The main constituents found were β-caryophyllene (20.73%, 17.95%), δ-cadinene (9.88%, 9.28%), caryophyllene oxide (9.48%, 8.68%), and germacrene D (6.94%, 5.85%). The essential oils were screened for their antioxidant potentials by DPPH assay. The leaves oil exhibited higher DPPH scavenging capability (72.85 ± 0.28 mmol TE/g essential oil and 147.83 ± 0.41 mg/mL Vit C/g essential oil) than the floral oil (68.43 ± 0.10 mmol TE/g essential oil and 131.59 ± 0.87 mg/mL Vit C/g essential oil).展开更多
Oenothera speciosa, belonging to thermophilous plant, cannot overwinter in Beijing. To enhance the overwintering rate of Oenothera speciosa, the seeds were treated through silico ion implantation (SII), with five vari...Oenothera speciosa, belonging to thermophilous plant, cannot overwinter in Beijing. To enhance the overwintering rate of Oenothera speciosa, the seeds were treated through silico ion implantation (SII), with five various fluence ranges (1 × 109 - 1 × 1011 ions/cm2) of 40 MeV and four various fluence ranges (1 × 1010 - 5 × 1011 ions/cm2) of 35 MeV, respectively. M1 generations of various SII-treated Oenothera speciosa lines can overwinter, and the highest overwinter rate (41.3%) was observed in Oenothera speciosa lines treated with 35 MeV and fluence 5 × 1010 ions/cm2. M2 and M3 generations of all treated lines were able to overwinter smoothly. The results indicated that SII treatment can enhance the cold-resistance of Oenothera speciosa heritably. Furthermore, physiological indexes including relative electrical conductivity, MDA contents and proline contents of SII-treated Oenothera speciosa pot seedlings were detected after low temperature stress. The results revealed that relative electrical conductivities and MDA contents of M1, M2 and M3 generations of SII-treated Oenothera speciosa plants were lower than that of control, whereas the proline contents were higher than control in the LJ°C cold stress. Taken together, the cold resistance of SII-treated Oenothera speciosa plants was improved, which made it possible to be used as a perennial flower in landscaping in Beijing.展开更多
[Objectives]To establish HPLC fingerprints of wild and cultivated Millettia speciosa Champ.,and identify medicinal materials combined with chemical pattern recognition methods,and provide a reference system for the id...[Objectives]To establish HPLC fingerprints of wild and cultivated Millettia speciosa Champ.,and identify medicinal materials combined with chemical pattern recognition methods,and provide a reference system for the identification and quality control of M.speciosa from different sources.[Methods]20 batches of M.speciosa from different sources were determined by HPLC method,and the similarity analysis and evaluation were performed using the Similarity Evaluation System of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chromatographic Fingerprints(2012 edition).Principal component analysis(PCA)and least partial squares method-discrimination analysis(PLS-DA)were used to conduct chemical pattern recognition research on wild and cultivated M.speciosa.[Results]The HPLC fingerprints of wild and cultivated M.speciosa were established,10 common peaks were calibrated,and the similarity of 20 batches of samples was greater than 0.9;PCA can better classify M.speciosa from different sources into 2 categories,and PLS-DA can completely distinguish between wild and cultivated M.speciosa.[Conclusions]The established M.speciosa fingerprint,combined with chemical pattern recognition methods,can effectively distinguish between wild and cultivated M.speciosa,so it can provide a reference for quality control and evaluation of M.speciosa.展开更多
Essential oils are secondary metabolites produced by plants, can be extracted from any organ such as： leaves, branches, roots, rhizomes, flowers, fruits, seeds, wood and stem bark. The present study aimed to analyze ...Essential oils are secondary metabolites produced by plants, can be extracted from any organ such as： leaves, branches, roots, rhizomes, flowers, fruits, seeds, wood and stem bark. The present study aimed to analyze the compounds found in the essential oil of leafHancornia speciosa var. pubescens （C. Nees ＆ Mart.） MUll. Arg. （Apocynaceae）, popularly known as mangaba, and perform the soil chemical analysis of the occurrence of the same species. The oil was obtained by hydrodistillation in Clevenger from crushed leaves, their analysis was performed using the Shimadzu gas chromatograph model 2010 GC Ultra coupled to a mass spectrometer. The apofarnesol （48.45%）, naphthalene （4.84%）, ct-bisabolene （4.12%）, trans-i3-heptanone （2.34%）, spathulenol （1.48%）, cypermethrin were identified （1.35%） and malonic acid （1.34%）, which according to literature all these compounds have great insecticidal characteristics. Soil testing was performed according to the protocols of the S.L. Goi^nia/GO, which was found a soil poor in nutrient with acidic pH, these predominant features of the Cen：ado＇s soils, which can influence the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Concluding that Hancornia speciosa variety pubescens may have insecticidal activities.展开更多
Drought stress has been demonstrated to enhance the biosynthesis of anthocyanins in the leaves,resulting in an increased aesthetic appeal.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying drought-induced anthocyanin biosynt...Drought stress has been demonstrated to enhance the biosynthesis of anthocyanins in the leaves,resulting in an increased aesthetic appeal.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying drought-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis in Chaenomeles speciosa remain unclear.In this study,the metabolites of C.speciosa leaves were analyzed,and it was found that the content of cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside increased significantly under drought stress.The differentially expressed genes CsMYB123 and CsbHLH111 were isolated by transcriptomics data analysis and gene cloning,and gene overexpression and VIGS experiments verified that both play important roles in anthocyanin biosynthesis.Subsequently,Y1H and Dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that CsMYB123 binds to the promoters of anthocyanin biosynthesis-related structural genes(such as CsCHI,CsF3H,and CsANS),while CsbHLH111 was shown to bind to the promoter of CsCHI,positively regulating its activity.Furthermore,BIFC and Y2H assays unveiled potential protein–protein interactions between CsMYB123 and CsbHLH111 at the cell nucleus.Collectively,these results shed light on the critical roles played by CsMYB123 and CsbHLH111 in anthocyanin biosynthesis,thus providing a valuable insight into understanding the molecular mechanisms of how the MYB and bHLH genes regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis in the process of leaf coloration in C.speciosa.展开更多
基金supported by the Key R&D Program of Forestry Shandong Province(2021TZXD014)the Science and Technology Innovation Breakthrough Project of Heze Ctiy(2021KJTP10).
文摘Chaenomeles speciosa(Sweet)Nakai cultivated widely in temperate regions possesses anti-inflammatory properties,however,the underlying molecular mechanisms remain not fully understood.In this study,a purified phenolic extract of C.speciosa rich in chlorogenic acid,procyanidin B1 and catechin(determined by HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS)exhibited dose-dependent anti-inflammatory effects on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-treated RAW264.7 macrophages.The extract at 30μg/mL was most potent and enabled most cells in normal morphology under LPS stimulation without causing cytotoxicity.The extract suppressed the levels of nitric oxide(NO),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6)and interleukin-1β(IL-1β),and the mRNA and protein expressions of nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)and cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2).The mechanisms underlying such anti-inflammatory actions included the regulation of phosphorylation of related proteins to monitor the expressions of inflammatory mediators and genes in the nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB)and mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)signaling pathways.Therefore,the phenolic extract from C.speciosa is a desirable anti-inflammatory agent for inflammatory conditions to meet the rising demand for natural and cost-effective therapeutics.
基金Supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program in EleventhFive-Year Plan of China(2006BAD01A18)the Program fromMinistry of Environmental Protection of China(Species09-2-3-1)~~
文摘[ Objective] To study the characteristics of florescence and pollen in Lagerstroemia speciosa. [ Method ] The process of flower opening and pollen tube germination of Lagerstroemia speciosa was observed and the pollen viability was determined through in vitro germination. [ Result] Sepals of L. speciosa started to diverge at 4：30 am, at 7： 00 am petals flatten up, anther diverged, and the stigma secreted a large number of mucus, it was the best time for artificial pollination. Boric acid and sucrose had a great effect on in vitro pollen germination of L. speciosa, the combination which made highest rate of pollen germination, was sucrose 150 g/L ＋ boric acid 20 mg/L ＋ CaCI2 10 mg/L. Through the fluorescence microscope, it was known that four hours after flowering, a lot of pollen grains germinated on the stigma, six hours after flowering, lots of pollen tubes entered the style and reached to 1/4 length of the style, 12 hours after flowering, pollen tubes concentrated into a beam forward, and reached to 1/2 length of the style, 24 hours after flowering, lots of pollen tubes entered the ovary in a beam and then fertilized and produced seeds. [ Conclusion] The results provide some basis for utilizing L. speciosa to breed.
基金Supported by Special Project of Guangxi Education Department for the Construction of Advantageous Subjects of Traditional Chinese Medicine(ZYX2015006)
文摘[Objectives] This study aimed to investigate the quality of Radix Millettiae Speciosae at different planting sites in Guangxi. [Methods] The content of flavonoids in Radix Millettiae Speciosae was determined by HPLC. The chromatographic conditions were as follows: column, ZORBAX SB-C_(18); mobile phase, acetonitrile-0.1% glacial acetic acid(42∶58); detection wavelength, 250(formononetin) and 310(maackiain) nm; flow rate, 1.0 mL/min; and column temperature, 30℃. [Results] Under the chromatographic conditions above, formononetin and maackiain could be completely separated from impurities. The standard curve had a good linear relationship(R^2>0.999 9). The precision and stability met analysis requirements. The average recovery rates were 97.53% and 98.54%, respectively, and the RSD values were 2.03% and 1.88%, respectively, indicating that the established method has good reproducibility, durability and accuracy. The content of formononetin was highest in the Radix Millettiae Speciosae from Yongning District, Nanning City, and the content of maackiain was highest in the Radix Millettiae Speciosae from Xichang Town, Hepu County. [Conclusions] The HPLC method established in this study is simple, accurate and stable. It can be used as a quality control method for Radix Millettiae Speciosae. The contents of flavonoids in Radix Millettiae Speciosae from Yongning District, Nanning City and Xichang Town, Hepu County were higher than those from other planting bases.
基金Supported by Key Research and Development Program of Guangxi(Gui Ke AB18221095)Project of Famous Teacher Training Program in Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities-State Level Famous Teacher Training Program(You Yi Yuan Zi[2018]No.98)High-level Talent Scientific Research Project of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities(01002018079).
文摘[Objectives]To study the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Millettia speciosa and Tinpspora sinensis and their compatibility.[Methods](i)In the glacial acetic acid writhing experiment,60 SPF-grade Kunming mice were adopted,and the mice were randomly divided into 6 groups at male-female ratio of 1∶1,namely,the blank control group,M.speciosa group,T.sinensis group,M.speciosa compatible with T.sinensis group at the ratio of 1∶2(expressed as 1∶2 compatibility group),M.speciosa compatible with T.sinensis group at the ratio of 1∶1(expressed as 1∶1 compatibility group),and M.speciosa compatible with T.sinensis group at the ratio of 2∶1(expressed as 2∶1 compatibility group),12 mice for each group.Mice of the experimental groups were administered at a dose of 20 mL/kg,and the corresponding concentration of the Chinese medicine extract was given at 1 g/mL.The control group was administered with an equal volume of 0.9%physiological saline,and was intragastrically administered once every 24 h for 14 d.After intragastric administration for one hour on day 14,intraperitoneal injection of 0.5%glacial acetic acid solution was performed to induce pain.(ii)In the hot plate experiment,60 Kunming female SPF mice were adopted,grouped,intragastrically administered with the same glacial acetic acid writhing experiment for 14 d.After intragastric administration for one hour on day 14,the mice were placed on a hot plate apparatus at(55±0.5)℃.to measure the time of licking their hind feet.(iii)In the anti-inflammatory experiment,60 Kunming SPF mice were adopted,grouped,intragastrically administered with the same glacial acetic acid writhing experiment for 14 d.After intragastric administration for one hour on day 14,xylylene was administered to the left ears of mice at a dose of 50μL/piece to induce inflammation.[Results](i)In the glacial acetic acid writhing experiment,compared with the blank control group,the experimental group showed analgesic effects.Specifically,M.speciosa group,T.sinensis group,1∶2 compatibility group,1∶1 compatibility group,2∶1 compatibility group showed significant effect(P<0.05),the writhing inhibition rate was 17.65%,20.59%,29.41%,26.47%,and 44.12%,respectively,and 2∶1 compatibility group showed the most significant analgesic effects.(ii)In the hot plate experiment,compared with the control group,all experimental groups showed analgesic effect.Specifically,M.speciosa group,T.sinensis group,1∶2 compatibility group,1∶1 compatibility group,2∶1 compatibility group showed significant effect(P<0.05),the pain threshold improvement rates were 16.13%,14.55%,14.96%,29.95%,and 58.68%,respectively,and 2∶1 compatibility group showed the most significant analgesic effect.(iii)In the anti-inflammatory experiment,the swelling degree of the 1∶2 compatibility group was significantly different from that of the blank control group,M.speciosa group,T.sinensis group(P<0.05).and 1∶2 compatibility group showed the most significant anti-inflammatory effect.[Conclusions]M.speciosa,T.sinensis,and their compatibility had anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects.The 2∶1 compatibility group had the best analgesic effects,and 1∶2 compatibility group had the best anti-inflammatory effects.
基金Supported by Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(pzsfyl-201714)948 Project(2016-X17)
文摘This paper analyzed the effect of raw material crushing fineness,cooking time,ethanol content during ethanol precipitation and other factors on the preparation of raw material extract from Millettia speciosa Champ. instant tea. The raw materials of Millettia speciosa Champ.,Philippine flemingia root and radix fici simplicissimae were crushed into 10 mesh or finer powder,and cooked for 60 min. During ethanol precipitation,the ethanol content was about 50% to 70%,standing 12 h. The ophiopogon root was cooked in 1∶ 15 boiling water for 45 min,and chrysanthemum was leached for 45 min with 1∶ 20 demineralized water at 80 ℃. After concentration,preparation and spray drying,the finished Millettia speciosa Champ. instant tea was created. The detection of each product index indicated that Millettia speciosa Champ. instant tea had good taste and flavor,and there were no heavy metals,harmful substances and excessive microbes,thereby showing that the raw material of Millettia speciosa Champ. instant tea was selected reasonably,the mixture ratio was rational,and the processing technology was of some security,stability and maturity,which provided a theoretical basis for its development and application.
基金Supported by Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund for Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences(1630-032017051)Tropical Crop Germplasm Resources Protection Project of the Ministry of Agriculture(16RZZY-101)
文摘[Objectives] To study the material foundation of liposoluble constituents from buds,flowers and fruits of Millettia speciosa Champ.and provide a reference for the development of flowers and fruits of Millettia speciosa Champ.[Methods]The liposoluble constituents were extracted from buds,flowers and fruits of Millettia speciosa by Soxhlet extraction and solvent extraction method,and analyzed by GC-MS.[Results]24 compounds were identified from the liposoluble constituents of buds,accounting for 88. 31 % of the total liposoluble constituents,mainly comprising alkanes and olefins compounds( 52. 00%) and alcohols compounds( 17. 46%); 29 compounds were identified from the liposoluble constituents of flowers,accounting for 91. 38 % of the total liposoluble constituents,mainly comprising alkanes and olefins compounds( 60. 64%) and alcohols compounds( 17. 17%); 32 compounds were identified from the liposoluble constituents of fruits,accounting for 80. 01 % of the total liposoluble constituents,mainly comprising alkanes and olefins compounds( 32. 56%),phenyl and its derivatives compounds( 22. 46%) and fatty acids compounds( 12. 54%). 6 compounds were common in buds,flowers and fruits. [Conclusions] Although there were some differences in liposoluble constituents from flowers,fruits,leaves and roots of Millettia speciosa Champ.,the different parts of Millettia speciosa Champ. had development value.
文摘The essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from leaves and flowers of Montanoa speciosa collected in southeastern Mexico (Yucatan) were analyzed by GC-MS. A total of 71 and 79 components, representing 98.44% and 97.69% of the leaf and flower oils, respectively, were characterized. The main constituents found were β-caryophyllene (20.73%, 17.95%), δ-cadinene (9.88%, 9.28%), caryophyllene oxide (9.48%, 8.68%), and germacrene D (6.94%, 5.85%). The essential oils were screened for their antioxidant potentials by DPPH assay. The leaves oil exhibited higher DPPH scavenging capability (72.85 ± 0.28 mmol TE/g essential oil and 147.83 ± 0.41 mg/mL Vit C/g essential oil) than the floral oil (68.43 ± 0.10 mmol TE/g essential oil and 131.59 ± 0.87 mg/mL Vit C/g essential oil).
文摘Oenothera speciosa, belonging to thermophilous plant, cannot overwinter in Beijing. To enhance the overwintering rate of Oenothera speciosa, the seeds were treated through silico ion implantation (SII), with five various fluence ranges (1 × 109 - 1 × 1011 ions/cm2) of 40 MeV and four various fluence ranges (1 × 1010 - 5 × 1011 ions/cm2) of 35 MeV, respectively. M1 generations of various SII-treated Oenothera speciosa lines can overwinter, and the highest overwinter rate (41.3%) was observed in Oenothera speciosa lines treated with 35 MeV and fluence 5 × 1010 ions/cm2. M2 and M3 generations of all treated lines were able to overwinter smoothly. The results indicated that SII treatment can enhance the cold-resistance of Oenothera speciosa heritably. Furthermore, physiological indexes including relative electrical conductivity, MDA contents and proline contents of SII-treated Oenothera speciosa pot seedlings were detected after low temperature stress. The results revealed that relative electrical conductivities and MDA contents of M1, M2 and M3 generations of SII-treated Oenothera speciosa plants were lower than that of control, whereas the proline contents were higher than control in the LJ°C cold stress. Taken together, the cold resistance of SII-treated Oenothera speciosa plants was improved, which made it possible to be used as a perennial flower in landscaping in Beijing.
基金City-level Technology Research and Development Project of Qinzhou Science and Technology Bureau(20198509).
文摘[Objectives]To establish HPLC fingerprints of wild and cultivated Millettia speciosa Champ.,and identify medicinal materials combined with chemical pattern recognition methods,and provide a reference system for the identification and quality control of M.speciosa from different sources.[Methods]20 batches of M.speciosa from different sources were determined by HPLC method,and the similarity analysis and evaluation were performed using the Similarity Evaluation System of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chromatographic Fingerprints(2012 edition).Principal component analysis(PCA)and least partial squares method-discrimination analysis(PLS-DA)were used to conduct chemical pattern recognition research on wild and cultivated M.speciosa.[Results]The HPLC fingerprints of wild and cultivated M.speciosa were established,10 common peaks were calibrated,and the similarity of 20 batches of samples was greater than 0.9;PCA can better classify M.speciosa from different sources into 2 categories,and PLS-DA can completely distinguish between wild and cultivated M.speciosa.[Conclusions]The established M.speciosa fingerprint,combined with chemical pattern recognition methods,can effectively distinguish between wild and cultivated M.speciosa,so it can provide a reference for quality control and evaluation of M.speciosa.
文摘Essential oils are secondary metabolites produced by plants, can be extracted from any organ such as： leaves, branches, roots, rhizomes, flowers, fruits, seeds, wood and stem bark. The present study aimed to analyze the compounds found in the essential oil of leafHancornia speciosa var. pubescens （C. Nees ＆ Mart.） MUll. Arg. （Apocynaceae）, popularly known as mangaba, and perform the soil chemical analysis of the occurrence of the same species. The oil was obtained by hydrodistillation in Clevenger from crushed leaves, their analysis was performed using the Shimadzu gas chromatograph model 2010 GC Ultra coupled to a mass spectrometer. The apofarnesol （48.45%）, naphthalene （4.84%）, ct-bisabolene （4.12%）, trans-i3-heptanone （2.34%）, spathulenol （1.48%）, cypermethrin were identified （1.35%） and malonic acid （1.34%）, which according to literature all these compounds have great insecticidal characteristics. Soil testing was performed according to the protocols of the S.L. Goi^nia/GO, which was found a soil poor in nutrient with acidic pH, these predominant features of the Cen：ado＇s soils, which can influence the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Concluding that Hancornia speciosa variety pubescens may have insecticidal activities.
基金Open access funding provided by Shanghai Jiao Tong Universityfunded by National Natural Science Foundation of China,grant number 32171862Plant Resources of Rosaceae in the Qinling Mountains Research on investigation,evaluation,development and utilization,grant number SXLk2020-02.
文摘Drought stress has been demonstrated to enhance the biosynthesis of anthocyanins in the leaves,resulting in an increased aesthetic appeal.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying drought-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis in Chaenomeles speciosa remain unclear.In this study,the metabolites of C.speciosa leaves were analyzed,and it was found that the content of cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside increased significantly under drought stress.The differentially expressed genes CsMYB123 and CsbHLH111 were isolated by transcriptomics data analysis and gene cloning,and gene overexpression and VIGS experiments verified that both play important roles in anthocyanin biosynthesis.Subsequently,Y1H and Dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that CsMYB123 binds to the promoters of anthocyanin biosynthesis-related structural genes(such as CsCHI,CsF3H,and CsANS),while CsbHLH111 was shown to bind to the promoter of CsCHI,positively regulating its activity.Furthermore,BIFC and Y2H assays unveiled potential protein–protein interactions between CsMYB123 and CsbHLH111 at the cell nucleus.Collectively,these results shed light on the critical roles played by CsMYB123 and CsbHLH111 in anthocyanin biosynthesis,thus providing a valuable insight into understanding the molecular mechanisms of how the MYB and bHLH genes regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis in the process of leaf coloration in C.speciosa.
