Background:Sperm motility parameters,which can be measured objectively and repeatedly by a computer-assisted sperm analysis(CASA)system,are important indicators of sperm quality.However,the sperm motility parameters a...Background:Sperm motility parameters,which can be measured objectively and repeatedly by a computer-assisted sperm analysis(CASA)system,are important indicators of sperm quality.However,the sperm motility parameters assessed by a CASA system can be affected by various factors,including instrument components and settings,sperm preparation or analysis procedures.To date,no standardized protocol is available that would permit to assess sperm kinetic characteristics in passerine birds and this lack precludes any comparison of sperm swimming ability and sperm quality across species.Methods:In this study,we chose the Tree Sparrow(Passer montanus)as the object to evaluate sperm motility parameters,including sperm motility,sperm velocity and sperm movement trajectory,at different analysis time,temperatures and pH using the WLJY-9000 CASA system.Results:Sperm motility parameters remained statistically unchanged at 1‒9 min.Progressive motility was similar at 38℃ and 40℃,but a greater percentage of slow progressive sperm was detected at 38℃ compared to 40℃ and 42℃.Additionally,progressive motility was lower and immotility was higher at 42℃than 38℃and/or 40℃(close to the body temperature of the Tree Sparrow).The percentages of rapid progressive sperm,progressive sperm and immotile sperm were statistically similar at pH 7.0,7.5 and 8.0 with the exception of lower percentage of progressive sperm at pH 7.0 compared to pH 7.5.In addition,slower sperm velocity and worse sperm movement trajectory were found at pH 6.0 and 9.0 than those at pH 8.0,7.5 or 7.0.Conclusions:Our study indicates that the ideal conditions for sperm motility parameters assessment in Tree Sparrow are obtained between 1 and 9 min after dilution,an environment at body temperature(40℃)and a pH around 7.5-8.0.The results of this study provide a reference for the evaluation of sperm characteristics and sperm quality using a CASA system in passerine birds.展开更多
<b>Objectives:</b> To understand sperm motility in adults and its association with lifestyle in an ethnic minority area in Southwest China. </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style=&...<b>Objectives:</b> To understand sperm motility in adults and its association with lifestyle in an ethnic minority area in Southwest China. </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "=""><b><span>Methods:</span></b><span> A hospital-based cross-sectional study to assess sperm motility in male adults was conducted at the Reproductive Health Center from January 2018 to May 2019. </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">The </span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">dat</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">a</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "=""><span> was collected with a questionnaire and semen quality was analyzed with Computer-Aided Sperm Analysis system (CASA). Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to measure the relationship between lifestyle factors and sperm motility. </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "=""><span></span><b><span>Results:</span></b></span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "=""><span> A total of 349 people were recruited. Dietary celery intake was significantly related to the increase of sperm progressive motility and total motility (</span><i><span>β</span></i><span> = 7.00, 95% CI: 1.59, 12.42 and </span><i><span>β</span></i><span> = 7.26, 95% CI: 1.45, 13.07, respectively). Cola consumption was associated with increased sperm progressive motility (</span><i><span>β</span></i><span> = 9.71, 95% CI: 1.46, 17.96). Frequent use of plastic bags for meat food storage (</span><i><span>β</span></i><span> = -5.56, 95% CI: -10.61, -0.51), industry work (</span><i><span>β</span></i><span> = -</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">5.64, 95% CI: -</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">11.21, -</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "=""><span>0.07), organic disease (</span><i><span>β</span></i><span> = -</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">6.14, 95% CI: -</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">11.00, -</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "=""><span>1.28) and sedentary lifestyle (</span><i><span>β</span></i><span> = -</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">5.92, 95% CI: -</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">10.66, -</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">1.17 for 3</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">-</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "=""><span>5 h/d and </span><i><span>β</span></i><span> = -</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">6.04, 95% CI: -</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">11.60, -</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "=""><span>0.47 for ≥5 h/d, respectively) were related with the decreased sperm progressive motility. Meanwhile, using plastic bags for meat food storage (</span><i><span>β</span></i><span> = -</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">6.37, 95% CI: -</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">11.79, -</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "=""><span>0.95), industry work (</span><i><span>β</span></i><span> = -</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">7.96, 95% CI: -</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">13.94, -</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "=""><span>1.98) and sedentary lifestyle (</span><i><span>β</span></i><span> = -</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">5.51, 95% CI: -</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">10.60, -</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">0.42 for 3-</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "=""><span>5 h/d and </span><i><span>β</span></i><span> = -</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">6.03, 95% CI: -</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">12.01, -</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "=""><span>0.06 for ≥5 h/d, respectively) were also risk factors for total motility. </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "=""><span></span><b><span>Conclusions:</span></b></span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "=""><span> Some modifiable lifestyle factors such as job title, cola consumption, dietary celery intake, plastic bags for meat food storage</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "=""> and sedentary hours were linked to male sperm motility, indicating that changing these lifestyles may improve it.</span>展开更多
Male germ cells employ specific metabolic pathways throughout their developmental stages.In a previous study,we discovered heightened expression of pyruvate kinase M(PKM),a pivotal glycolytic enzyme,in spermatogonia a...Male germ cells employ specific metabolic pathways throughout their developmental stages.In a previous study,we discovered heightened expression of pyruvate kinase M(PKM),a pivotal glycolytic enzyme,in spermatogonia and spermatids.To gain deeper insights into PKM's roles in spermatogenesis,sperm function,and male fertility,we engineered a conditional-knockout mouse model(Pkm-vkO mice)to selectively disrupt the Pkm gene within germ cells.Despite maintaining regular testicular histology and sperm morphology,the male Pkm-vko mice were infertility,characterized by significant impairments in sperm motility and adenosine triphosphate(ATP)generation.In addition,Pkm-null spermatozoa exhibited similar deficits in protein tyrosine phosphorylation linked to capacitation,as well as compromised performance in in vitro fertilization experiments.To conclude,PKM's presence is not obligatory for the entirety of spermatogenesis in male germ cells;however,it emerges as a critical factor influencing sperm motility and overall male fertility.展开更多
Phosphodiesterase(PDE)inhibitors can improve sperm motility in patients with asthenozoospermia.However,the most commonly reported nonselective PDE inhibitor pentoxifylline and PDE5 inhibitor sildenafil have the disadv...Phosphodiesterase(PDE)inhibitors can improve sperm motility in patients with asthenozoospermia.However,the most commonly reported nonselective PDE inhibitor pentoxifylline and PDE5 inhibitor sildenafil have the disadvantages of requiring a high concentration and destroying sperm integrity.We examined the PDE10A inhibitor PF-2545920 to compare its ability to promote sperm motility with that of pentoxifylline and sildenafil.After seminal plasma was discarded,several semen samples were subjected to four treatments(control,PF-2545920,pentoxifylline,and sildenafil)to evaluate their ability to affect motility,viability,and spontaneous acrosome reactions.Intracellular calcium and adenosine triphosphate(ATP),mitochondrial membrane potential,and penetration through viscous medium were assessed by flow cytometry,luciferase,and hyaluronic acid after treatment with PF-2545920.Statistical analyses were performed using the analysis of variance statistical test.PF-2545920 elevated the percentage of motile spermatozoa compared to the control,pentoxifylline,and sildenafil groups at 10μmol l^(-1)(P<0.01).It is less toxic to GC-2spd mouse spermatocytes cells and spermatozoa and causes fewer spontaneous acrosomal reactions(P<0.05).PF-2545920 also increased mitochondrial membrane potential(P<0.001)and altered intracellular calcium(P<0.05)in a dose-dependent manner,including increasing sperm hyaluronic acid penetrating ability(P<0.05).Therefore,PF-2545920 might be an excellent choiceforstimulatingthe spermmotility.展开更多
Prohibitin(PHB),an evoluti on arily con served mitochondrial inner membra ne protein,is highly expressed in cells that require strong mitoch on drial function.Recently,we dem on strated that the deleti on of Phb in sp...Prohibitin(PHB),an evoluti on arily con served mitochondrial inner membra ne protein,is highly expressed in cells that require strong mitoch on drial function.Recently,we dem on strated that the deleti on of Phb in spermatocytes results in impaired mitochondrial function.In addition,PHB expression in the mitochondrial sheath of human sperm has a significantly negative correlation with mitochondrial reactive oxygen species levels,but a positive one with mitochondrial membrane potential and sperm motility.These results suggest that mitochondrial PHB expression plays a role in sperm motility.However,the mechanism of PHB-mediated regulation of sperm motility remai ns unk nown.Here,we dem on strate for the first time that PHB interacts with protei n kinase B(AKT)and exists in a complex with phospho-PHB(pT258)and phospho-AKT in the mitochondrial sheath of murine sperm,as determined using colocalization and coimmunoprecipitation assays.After blocking AKT activity using wortmannin(a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase[PI3K]inhibitor),murine sperm have significantly(P<0.05)decreased levels of phospho-PHB(pT258)and the total and progressive motility.Furthermore,significantly(P<0.05)lower levels of phospho-PI3K P85 subunit a+γ(pY199 and pY46)and phospho-AKT(pS473;pT308)are found in sperm from infertile asthenospermic and oligoasthenospermic men compared with no rmospermic subjects,which suggest a reduced activity of the PI3K/AKT pathway in these in fertile subjects.Importantly,these sperm from infertile subjects also have a significantly(P<0.05)lower level of phospho-PHB(pT258).Collectively,our findings suggest that the interaction of PHB with AKT in the mitochondrial sheath is critical for sperm motility,where PHB phosphorylation(pT258)level and PI3K/AKT activity are key regulatory factors.展开更多
This study aims to investigate the protective effects of peroxiredoxin 6 on the total motility and progressive motility of human spermatozoa.Semen samples with normal parameters were collected from 23 males and supple...This study aims to investigate the protective effects of peroxiredoxin 6 on the total motility and progressive motility of human spermatozoa.Semen samples with normal parameters were collected from 23 males and supplemented with different concentrations of peroxiredoxin 6.All the semen samples were measured according to the WHO 5th manual,and the motile spermatozoa were extracted using IVF fertilization medium supplemented with different peroxiredoxin 6 concentrations.Total motility and progressive motility were observed at different time-points of culture at room temperature.After peroxiredoxin 6 supplementation,all groups had a significant increase in total motility and progressive motility compared to the control group.The difference in total motility and progressive motility between the 0 and 10−7 mM groups was observed at 24 and 48 h of culture at room temperature.At 24 h,the total motility increased by 30%in the control group(16.03±11.91 vs.11.51±7.84),and progressive motility increased by 21%(10.53±9.4 vs.8.31±6.04).A similar trend was observed in the 48 h group.In addition,we also found that peroxiredoxin 6 had a well protective effect on sperm kinetic parameters at 10−7 mM.The findings of this study suggest that peroxiredoxin 6 can enhance sperm total motility and progressive motility in IVF fertilization medium.Peroxiredoxin 6 may have potential benefits for sperm preparation in assisted reproductive technology.展开更多
Objective:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the sperm motility and DNA integrity at different temperatures to analyze whether the sperms are suitable on the second day for insemination of in vitro matured oocy...Objective:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the sperm motility and DNA integrity at different temperatures to analyze whether the sperms are suitable on the second day for insemination of in vitro matured oocytes by intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI)following density gradient centrifugation(DGC)and swim-up(SU)procedures.Methods:Semen samples were collected from 30 outpatients who visited the Center for Reproductive Medicine for semen analyses.Following sperm selection by DGC and SU procedures,the liquified semen samples were divided into three groups and incubated at 4,25,and 37°C,respectively.Following incubation for 24,48,and 72 hours,the sperm motility and sperm DNA fragmentation index(DFI)were analyzed.Results:Following the combination of DGC and SU procedures,the sperm motility(91.8%±8.6%vs.50.8%±13.1%)and DFI(5.1%±7.9%vs.13.0%±11.6%)were significantly improved(P<0.01)compared to those without any treatment.The sperm motility of the 3 groups significantly declined(P<0.05)post-incubation compared to that of the groups prior incubation.However,sperm motility significantly increased(76.9%±10.4%)(P<0.05)at 25°C compared to that of the other 2 groups(53.5%±11.0%and 47.6%±10.2%).Sperm DFI significantly increased(P<0.05)at 37°C following incubation for 24 and 72 hours in comparison to that of the other 2 groups.However,the sperm DFI did not significantly increase when the sperm samples were incubated at 4(5.7%±5.9%)and 25°C(6.8%±5.6%)for 24 hours compared to that before incubation(5.1%±7.9%).Conclusions:These results indicate that the sperm quality,in terms of motility and DFI,can be efficiently improved by DGC in combination with SU.Following which,the sperm samples can be incubated at 25°C and be used on the second day for insemination of in vitro matured oocytes by ICSI.展开更多
Background:Sperm quality evaluation is the logical first step in increasing field fertility.Spermatozoa contain cytoplasmic organelles and biomolecules known as sperm-intrinsic factors,which play key roles in sperm ma...Background:Sperm quality evaluation is the logical first step in increasing field fertility.Spermatozoa contain cytoplasmic organelles and biomolecules known as sperm-intrinsic factors,which play key roles in sperm maturation,sperm-oocyte fusion,and embryo development.In particular,sperm membrane proteins[e.g.,arginine vasopressin receptor 2,beta-actin,prohibitin,and heat shock protein family D member 1(HSPD1)]and RNA could be used as functional indicators of male fertility.We sought to clarify the effects of differential mRNA expression of selected genes on several fertilisation parameters,including sperm motility,motion kinematics,capacitation,and litter size,in a porcine model.Results:Our results demonstrated that HSPD1 expression was significantly correlated with male fertility,as measured by the litter size of inseminated sows.The expression of HSPD1 mRNA was linked to sperm motility and other motion kinematic characteristics.Furthermore,HSPD1 had a 66.7%overall accuracy in detecting male fertility,and the high-litter size group which was selected with the HSPD1 marker had a 1.34 greater litter size than the lowlitter size group.Conclusions:Our findings indicate that HSPD1 might be a helpful biomarker for superior boar selection for artificial insemination,which could boost field fertility.展开更多
Objective:To determine the effect of oral selenium supplementation and semen collection methods on various post thaw semen quality parameters in Saanen bucks.Methods:Sixteen healthy bucks were divided into two equal g...Objective:To determine the effect of oral selenium supplementation and semen collection methods on various post thaw semen quality parameters in Saanen bucks.Methods:Sixteen healthy bucks were divided into two equal groups(n=8 each).The treatment group received selenium at 10-day intervals for three months.Sperm kinematic parameters,morphological parameters,mitochondrial membrane potential,plasma membrane functionality,and sperm DNA integrity were evaluated weekly pre and post-cryopreservation.Results:The mean percentages of the morphological abnormalities were significantly lower in the selenium-supplemented samples when semen was collected by using artificial vagina method(P<0.05).Proximal droplet defects were significantly lower in the selenium supplementation group when semen was collected by electro-ejaculation(P<0.05).Post-thaw sperm parameters such as total motility and progressive motility were significantly higher when semen was obtained by artificial vagina in the selenium-supplemented bucks compared to the electro-ejaculation and the control groups(P<0.05).The sperm kinematic parameters such as curvilinear velocity,average path velocity,and amplitude of lateral head displacement were significantly higher when semen was collected by artificial vagina in the selenium-treated bucks(P<0.05).The percentages of sperm with intact and functional plasma membrane and functional mitochondria were significantly higher in the selenium-supplemented samples collected with artificial vagina compared to the electro-ejaculation method and the control groups(P<0.05).In vitro fertilizing potential was significantly higher in the selenium-supplemented samples collected with artificial vagina compared to the electro-ejaculation method and the control groups,respectively(P<0.05).Conclusions:Oral supplementation of selenium and artificial vagina semen collection improve post thaw sperm quality parameters of Saanen buck.展开更多
<strong>Background</strong>: <span><span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">As a part of modern life, using electromagnetic field exposure has increased. EMFs might ...<strong>Background</strong>: <span><span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">As a part of modern life, using electromagnetic field exposure has increased. EMFs might produce a variety of adverse effects on different parts of human body including the reproductive system. The consequences of exposure to the emitted EMFs from a hair dryer on sperm parameters were the major concerns of the present study.</span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Materials and Methods: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Fifty four adult Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to 9 groups. Samples from all experimental groups received exposure with two different modes: switch on (hot wind) and switch off (cold wind). Samples of group 1 (control) maintained under experimental conditions without any exposure. The exposure protocol for samples in groups 2 to 9 were 10</span></span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cm at 10</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">min—on, 10</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cm at 10</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">min—off, 10</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cm at 20</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">min—on, 10</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cm at 20</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">min—off, 20</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cm at 10</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">min—on, 20</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cm at 10</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">min—off, 20</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cm at 20</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">min—on, 20</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cm at 20</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">min—off. After exposure sperm motility was analyzed with a light microscope as a blind experiment. Nonparametric tests were used to detect statistically significant differences between different groups. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Findings of our study indicat</span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ed</span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> no significant changes in the frequency of sluggish and non-motile sperms of rats in the control group compared to all treatment groups and showed </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">statistically significant differences between the relative frequency of progressive </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">sperms in control group rats compared to all treatment groups except groups 2 and 7. There were no statically significant changes</span><span style="color:red;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">between groups with different time and distance. Sperm count and morphology were not affected by microwave emitted from hair dryer. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Exposure to the hair dryer microwaves affects sperm motility, which is amongst the key parameters determining the chance of conceiving.</span></span></span></span>展开更多
The quality of fish sperm is an important factor affecting artificial reproduction.Since the sexual maturation of male and female is not synchronized or for the fish that need to kill the male fish for sperm,sperm pre...The quality of fish sperm is an important factor affecting artificial reproduction.Since the sexual maturation of male and female is not synchronized or for the fish that need to kill the male fish for sperm,sperm preservation solution is used to preserve the sperm temporarily during reproduction,in order to meet the needs of large-scale reproduction.Therefore,the preservation effect of sperm preservation solution directly affects the artificial reproduction.The quality of sperm in the preservation solution can be judged macroscopically by microscopic examination,but it is not accurate,while sperm chromatin structure analysis(SCSA)can quantitatively judge the quality of sperm in the preservation solution,thus providing guarantee for reproduction.The Zhaos sperm preservation solution of Pseudobagrus hwanghoensis has been verified by artificial breeding and SCSA analysis for many times,and it is better than Hanks sperm preservation solution.When the DNA fragmentation index is less than or equal to 0.15,the sperm is vigorous and the effect is obvious.展开更多
Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease that affects important body organs in a very serious manner. The consequences of this disease turn out to be a significant problem for the patient, who tries to cope with the new...Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease that affects important body organs in a very serious manner. The consequences of this disease turn out to be a significant problem for the patient, who tries to cope with the new condition his organism has been placed in. The most common effect of the disease, hyperglycaemia, leads over time to serious damage to various body systems, such as nerves and blood vessels. What is not widely known among the population is that diabetes may have harmful effects on the reproductive system of the men suffering from diabetes type 1 and 2 and that such a parameter could lead to or might be the reason for infertility problems for couples, for example, miscarriage or embryonic failure. AGEs is a number of products which are believed to play an important role, because their presence has been detected in increased level in diabetic men. This implies that those glycation products might play a key role in diabetic complications. Their receptor, RAGE, member of the immunoglobulin superfamily has been detected in the reproductive tract of diabetic men. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), a possible product of AGEs appear in high levels in seminal plasma and are believed to be the cause of DNA fragmentation. The objective of this review was to gather all the available material i.e. studies on diabetes mellitus in one article, to study the research which has already been conducted and the conclusions that have been drawn, in order to offer, if possible, new pathways and perspectives to the scientists, who focus on fertility problems, sometimes intractable.展开更多
This study evaluated the relationship between serum L-carnitine level and sperm parameters in young boars. Serum L-carnitine and semen characteristics were determined for 61 young Duroc boars between the ages of 590 a...This study evaluated the relationship between serum L-carnitine level and sperm parameters in young boars. Serum L-carnitine and semen characteristics were determined for 61 young Duroc boars between the ages of 590 and 630 days. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to predict total and progressive motility and the total number of spermatozoa based on serum total L-carnitine and free L-carnitine levels. Total number of spermatozoa was not associated with basal serum L-carnitine levels. A regression equation was found in which both total L-carnitine levels and free L-carnitine levels were significant predictors of total and progressive motility (P 0.05). These results suggest that serum L-carnitine level is an important selection parameter for stock boars.展开更多
In order to make the synthetic route of Thiamidol more efficient and easier to scale up,a new method was developed.The compound 2,4-dihydroxyacetophenone was dissolved in ethyl acetate and brominated with cupric bromi...In order to make the synthetic route of Thiamidol more efficient and easier to scale up,a new method was developed.The compound 2,4-dihydroxyacetophenone was dissolved in ethyl acetate and brominated with cupric bromide.After bromination,the mixture was filtered to remove cuprous bromide.The obtained ethyl acetate solution containing 2-bromo-1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethanone was directly reacted with(2-methylpropanoyl)thiourea to obtain the precipitate of Thiamidol hydrobromide.The precipitate was neutralized by deacidification and recrystallized to afford Thiamidol with high purity.In addition,in the screening of fertility-promoting substances,Thiamidol was found to be effective in protecting human sperm from motility loss in vitro.This suggests that it may have potential application in fertility protection and promotion.展开更多
Osteopontin (OPN) is a protein found at higher concentrations in the seminal plasma of bulls with above average fertility. Polymorphisms have been reported within the OPN gene promoter that can affect production of th...Osteopontin (OPN) is a protein found at higher concentrations in the seminal plasma of bulls with above average fertility. Polymorphisms have been reported within the OPN gene promoter that can affect production of this protein and thus, affect fertility. Therefore, Angus (n = 5) and Angus x Gelbvieh (Balancer, n = 14) and Angus x Brahman (n = 15) bulls were evaluated for presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the Bos taurus OPN gene (GenBank: AY878328.1) promoter region, and their possible effects on bull semen quality as evaluated by computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA). Semen was collected by electroejaculation 6 to 9 times from each bull, and each semen collection was evaluated by CASA for motile, progressive and rapid sperm within 5 mins of ejaculation. The bulls were genotyped for reported single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the promoter region of the OPN gene through amplification of two 700 base pair (bp) DNA fragments and sequencing of the resulting PCR products. Seven SNP sites were identified, at bp 3379, 3490, 3492, 5075, 5205, 5209, and 5263 of the OPN gene. The SNP identified at bp 5205, 5209 and 5263 had not been previously reported. Individual SNP sites were evaluated as the main effect on CASA sperm motility variables in a SAS MIXED model for repeated measures. A thymine to guanine substitution at bp 3379 was associated with increased (P ≤ 0.02) percentage of motile, progressive and rapid sperm in Angus x Brahman bulls, and tended (P ≤ 0.10) to increase the same sperm motility parameters in Angus, and Angus x Gelbvieh bulls. The percentages of motile, progressive and rapid sperm were similar (P ≥ 0.05) among genotypes for the other 6 SNP identified. These results suggest that identification and genotyping of polymorphisms within the promoter region of the bovine OPN gene may be useful for selecting bulls with improved sperm motility parameters.展开更多
Cryopreservation impairs sperm quality and functions,including motility and DNA integrity.Antioxidant additives in sperm freezing media have previously brought improvements in postthawed sperm quality.Green tea extrac...Cryopreservation impairs sperm quality and functions,including motility and DNA integrity.Antioxidant additives in sperm freezing media have previously brought improvements in postthawed sperm quality.Green tea extract(GTE)is widely considered as an excellent antioxidant,and its beneficial role has been proven in other human cells.This study aims to evaluate the GTE as a potential additive in cryopreservation media of human spermatozoa.In part one,the semen of 20 normozoospermic men was used to optimize the concentration of GTE that maintains sperm motility and DNA integrity against oxidative stress,induced by hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)).Spermatozoa were treated with GTE at different concentrations before incubation with H_(2)O_(2).In part two,the semen of 45 patients was cryopreserved with or without 1.0 ng ml^(-1)GTE.After 2 weeks,the semen was thawed,and the effect on sperm motility and DNA fragmentation was observed.Our data showed that GTE significantly protected sperm motility and DNA integrity against oxidative stress induced by H_(2)O_(2)when added at a final concentration of 1.0 ng ml^(-1).We found that the addition of 1.0 ng ml^(-1)GTE to cryopreservation media significantly increased sperm motility and DNA integrity(both P<0.05).More interestingly,patients with high sperm DNA damage benefited similarly from the GTE supplementation.However,there was no significant change in the reactive oxygen species(ROS)level.In conclusion,supplementing sperm freezing media with GTE has a significant protective effect on human sperm motility and DNA integrity,which may be of clinical interest.展开更多
Nematode sperm undergo a drastic physiological change during spermiogenesis(sperm activation).Unlike mammalian flagellated sperm,nematode sperm are amoeboid cells and their motility is driven by the dynamics of a cyto...Nematode sperm undergo a drastic physiological change during spermiogenesis(sperm activation).Unlike mammalian flagellated sperm,nematode sperm are amoeboid cells and their motility is driven by the dynamics of a cytoskeleton composed of major sperm protein(MSP)rather than actin found in other crawling cells.This review focuses on sperm from Caenorhabditis elegans and Ascaris suum to address the roles of external and internal factors that trigger sperm activation and power sperm motility.Nematode sperm can be activated in vitro by several factors,including Pronase and ionophores,and in vivo through the TRY-5 and SPE-8 pathways.Moreover,protease and protease inhibitors are crucial regulators of sperm maturation.MSP-based sperm motility involves a coupled process of protrusion and retraction,both of which have been reconstituted in vitro.Sperm motility is mediated by phosphorylation signals,as illustrated by identification of several key components(MPOP,MFPs and MPAK)in Ascaris and the characterization of GSP-3/4 in C.elegans.展开更多
After leaving the testis,mammalian sperm undergo a sequential maturation process in the epididymis followed by capacitation during their movement through the female reproductive tract.These phenotypic changes are asso...After leaving the testis,mammalian sperm undergo a sequential maturation process in the epididymis followed by capacitation during their movement through the female reproductive tract.These phenotypic changes are associated with modification of protein phosphorylation and membrane remodeling,which is requisite for sperm to acquire forward motility and induce fertilization.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying sperm maturation and capacitation are still not fully understood.Herein,we show that PPP3R2,a testis-specific regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 3(an isoform of calcineurin in the testis),is essential for sperm maturation and capacitation.Knockout of Ppp3r2 in mice leads to male sterility due to sperm motility impairment and morphological defects.One very noteworthy change includes increases in sperm membrane stiffness.Moreover,PPP3R2 regulates sperm maturation and capacitation via(i)modulation of membrane diffusion barrier function at the annulus and(ii)facilitation of cholesterol efflux during sperm capacitation.Taken together,PPP3R2 plays a critical role in modulating cholesterol efflux and mediating the dynamic control of membrane remodeling during sperm maturation and capacitation.展开更多
Large numbers of microbes can be present in seminal fluid,and there are differences in the semen microbiota between normal and abnormal semen samples.To evaluate the semen microbiota in patients with leukocytospermia,...Large numbers of microbes can be present in seminal fluid,and there are differences in the semen microbiota between normal and abnormal semen samples.To evaluate the semen microbiota in patients with leukocytospermia,87 seminal fluid samples,including 33 samples with a normal seminal leukocyte count and 54 samples with leukocytospermia,were obtained for a cross-sectional analysis.Twenty samples with a normal seminal leukocyte count had normal sperm parameters(Control group),and 13 samples with a normal seminal leukocyte count were from asthenozoospermia patients(Ast group).However,32 samples with leukocytospermia were from asthenozoospermia patients(LA group),and only 22 samples with leukocytospermia had normal sperm parameters(Leu group).The 16S ribosomal RNA(rRNA)gene sequencing method was used to sequence the microbiota in the seminal fluid,and multiple bioinformatics methods were utilized to analyze the data.Finally,the results showed that the worse sperm parameters were observed in the leukocytospermia-related groups.Semen microbiota analysis found that there was increased alpha diversity in the leukocytospermia-related groups.Firmicutes,Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria,and Bacteroidetes were the primary phyla in the seminal fluid.Two microbiota profiles,namely,Lactobacillus-enriched and Streptococcus-enriched groups,were identified in this study.The majority of the samples in the groups with a normal seminal leukocyte count could be categorized as Lactobacillus-enriched,whereas the majority of the leukocytospermia samples could be categorized as Streptococcus-enriched.Our study indicated that males with leukocytospermia have worse sperm parameters and a different semen microbiota composition compared to males with a normal seminal leukocyte count.展开更多
Oxidative stress(OS)is detri me ntal to sperm fun ctio ns,and the oxidation reductio n pote ntial(ORP)is a good measure of OS as it considers the balance betwee n oxidants and reducta nts.Total motile sperm count(TMSC...Oxidative stress(OS)is detri me ntal to sperm fun ctio ns,and the oxidation reductio n pote ntial(ORP)is a good measure of OS as it considers the balance betwee n oxidants and reducta nts.Total motile sperm count(TMSC)is viewed as the single most im porta nt semen analysis parameter that can predict male infertility severity,and its correlation with ORP has never been undertaken.The objectives of this study were to assess the correlation between ORP and TMSC,to identify the ORP cutoff value based on the TMSC result,and to compare this cutoff value with previously reported ORP cutoff values in literature.One thousand one hundred and sixty-eight infertile patients and 100 fertile controls were enrolled.Demographic and semen data of the participants were retrieved and analyzed.Wilcox on's rank-sum test compared variables betwee n infertile men and fertile controls;Spearman's correlation assessed the static ORP(sORP)-TMSC relationship for the whole sample and among each group individually.Using a 20×10^6TMSC threshold,receiver operator characteristic(ROC)analysis determined the sORP cutoff associated with the highest predictive values.TMSC was significantly negatively correlated with sORP across all participants(r=0.86,P<0.001),among infertile patients(r=0.729,P<0.001),and among fertile controls(r=0.53,P<0.001).A 20-million TMSC threshold determined an sORP cutoff value of 2.34 mV/106sperm/ml to be associated with 82.9%sensitivity,82.8%specificity,91.5%positive predictive value(PPV),68.5%negative predictive value(NPV),and 82.9%overall accuracy.Compared with previously reported cutoff values in searched literature,the 2.34 mV/10^6sperm/ml cutoff value identified in our study yielded the highest overall diagnostic accuracy in the evaluation of in fertile men.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31572216)
文摘Background:Sperm motility parameters,which can be measured objectively and repeatedly by a computer-assisted sperm analysis(CASA)system,are important indicators of sperm quality.However,the sperm motility parameters assessed by a CASA system can be affected by various factors,including instrument components and settings,sperm preparation or analysis procedures.To date,no standardized protocol is available that would permit to assess sperm kinetic characteristics in passerine birds and this lack precludes any comparison of sperm swimming ability and sperm quality across species.Methods:In this study,we chose the Tree Sparrow(Passer montanus)as the object to evaluate sperm motility parameters,including sperm motility,sperm velocity and sperm movement trajectory,at different analysis time,temperatures and pH using the WLJY-9000 CASA system.Results:Sperm motility parameters remained statistically unchanged at 1‒9 min.Progressive motility was similar at 38℃ and 40℃,but a greater percentage of slow progressive sperm was detected at 38℃ compared to 40℃ and 42℃.Additionally,progressive motility was lower and immotility was higher at 42℃than 38℃and/or 40℃(close to the body temperature of the Tree Sparrow).The percentages of rapid progressive sperm,progressive sperm and immotile sperm were statistically similar at pH 7.0,7.5 and 8.0 with the exception of lower percentage of progressive sperm at pH 7.0 compared to pH 7.5.In addition,slower sperm velocity and worse sperm movement trajectory were found at pH 6.0 and 9.0 than those at pH 8.0,7.5 or 7.0.Conclusions:Our study indicates that the ideal conditions for sperm motility parameters assessment in Tree Sparrow are obtained between 1 and 9 min after dilution,an environment at body temperature(40℃)and a pH around 7.5-8.0.The results of this study provide a reference for the evaluation of sperm characteristics and sperm quality using a CASA system in passerine birds.
文摘<b>Objectives:</b> To understand sperm motility in adults and its association with lifestyle in an ethnic minority area in Southwest China. </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "=""><b><span>Methods:</span></b><span> A hospital-based cross-sectional study to assess sperm motility in male adults was conducted at the Reproductive Health Center from January 2018 to May 2019. </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">The </span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">dat</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">a</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "=""><span> was collected with a questionnaire and semen quality was analyzed with Computer-Aided Sperm Analysis system (CASA). Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to measure the relationship between lifestyle factors and sperm motility. </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "=""><span></span><b><span>Results:</span></b></span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "=""><span> A total of 349 people were recruited. Dietary celery intake was significantly related to the increase of sperm progressive motility and total motility (</span><i><span>β</span></i><span> = 7.00, 95% CI: 1.59, 12.42 and </span><i><span>β</span></i><span> = 7.26, 95% CI: 1.45, 13.07, respectively). Cola consumption was associated with increased sperm progressive motility (</span><i><span>β</span></i><span> = 9.71, 95% CI: 1.46, 17.96). Frequent use of plastic bags for meat food storage (</span><i><span>β</span></i><span> = -5.56, 95% CI: -10.61, -0.51), industry work (</span><i><span>β</span></i><span> = -</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">5.64, 95% CI: -</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">11.21, -</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "=""><span>0.07), organic disease (</span><i><span>β</span></i><span> = -</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">6.14, 95% CI: -</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">11.00, -</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "=""><span>1.28) and sedentary lifestyle (</span><i><span>β</span></i><span> = -</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">5.92, 95% CI: -</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">10.66, -</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">1.17 for 3</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">-</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "=""><span>5 h/d and </span><i><span>β</span></i><span> = -</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">6.04, 95% CI: -</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">11.60, -</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "=""><span>0.47 for ≥5 h/d, respectively) were related with the decreased sperm progressive motility. Meanwhile, using plastic bags for meat food storage (</span><i><span>β</span></i><span> = -</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">6.37, 95% CI: -</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">11.79, -</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "=""><span>0.95), industry work (</span><i><span>β</span></i><span> = -</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">7.96, 95% CI: -</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">13.94, -</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "=""><span>1.98) and sedentary lifestyle (</span><i><span>β</span></i><span> = -</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">5.51, 95% CI: -</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">10.60, -</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">0.42 for 3-</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "=""><span>5 h/d and </span><i><span>β</span></i><span> = -</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">6.03, 95% CI: -</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">12.01, -</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "=""><span>0.06 for ≥5 h/d, respectively) were also risk factors for total motility. </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "=""><span></span><b><span>Conclusions:</span></b></span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "=""><span> Some modifiable lifestyle factors such as job title, cola consumption, dietary celery intake, plastic bags for meat food storage</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "="">,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="white-space:normal;" "=""> and sedentary hours were linked to male sperm motility, indicating that changing these lifestyles may improve it.</span>
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81571488 and No.81771637).
文摘Male germ cells employ specific metabolic pathways throughout their developmental stages.In a previous study,we discovered heightened expression of pyruvate kinase M(PKM),a pivotal glycolytic enzyme,in spermatogonia and spermatids.To gain deeper insights into PKM's roles in spermatogenesis,sperm function,and male fertility,we engineered a conditional-knockout mouse model(Pkm-vkO mice)to selectively disrupt the Pkm gene within germ cells.Despite maintaining regular testicular histology and sperm morphology,the male Pkm-vko mice were infertility,characterized by significant impairments in sperm motility and adenosine triphosphate(ATP)generation.In addition,Pkm-null spermatozoa exhibited similar deficits in protein tyrosine phosphorylation linked to capacitation,as well as compromised performance in in vitro fertilization experiments.To conclude,PKM's presence is not obligatory for the entirety of spermatogenesis in male germ cells;however,it emerges as a critical factor influencing sperm motility and overall male fertility.
基金supported by the Shanghai Municipal Health Commission Young Foundation(No.20194Y0270)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.20ZR1448100).
文摘Phosphodiesterase(PDE)inhibitors can improve sperm motility in patients with asthenozoospermia.However,the most commonly reported nonselective PDE inhibitor pentoxifylline and PDE5 inhibitor sildenafil have the disadvantages of requiring a high concentration and destroying sperm integrity.We examined the PDE10A inhibitor PF-2545920 to compare its ability to promote sperm motility with that of pentoxifylline and sildenafil.After seminal plasma was discarded,several semen samples were subjected to four treatments(control,PF-2545920,pentoxifylline,and sildenafil)to evaluate their ability to affect motility,viability,and spontaneous acrosome reactions.Intracellular calcium and adenosine triphosphate(ATP),mitochondrial membrane potential,and penetration through viscous medium were assessed by flow cytometry,luciferase,and hyaluronic acid after treatment with PF-2545920.Statistical analyses were performed using the analysis of variance statistical test.PF-2545920 elevated the percentage of motile spermatozoa compared to the control,pentoxifylline,and sildenafil groups at 10μmol l^(-1)(P<0.01).It is less toxic to GC-2spd mouse spermatocytes cells and spermatozoa and causes fewer spontaneous acrosomal reactions(P<0.05).PF-2545920 also increased mitochondrial membrane potential(P<0.001)and altered intracellular calcium(P<0.05)in a dose-dependent manner,including increasing sperm hyaluronic acid penetrating ability(P<0.05).Therefore,PF-2545920 might be an excellent choiceforstimulatingthe spermmotility.
基金This project was funded by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81270738)and the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(No.2014CB943104).
文摘Prohibitin(PHB),an evoluti on arily con served mitochondrial inner membra ne protein,is highly expressed in cells that require strong mitoch on drial function.Recently,we dem on strated that the deleti on of Phb in spermatocytes results in impaired mitochondrial function.In addition,PHB expression in the mitochondrial sheath of human sperm has a significantly negative correlation with mitochondrial reactive oxygen species levels,but a positive one with mitochondrial membrane potential and sperm motility.These results suggest that mitochondrial PHB expression plays a role in sperm motility.However,the mechanism of PHB-mediated regulation of sperm motility remai ns unk nown.Here,we dem on strate for the first time that PHB interacts with protei n kinase B(AKT)and exists in a complex with phospho-PHB(pT258)and phospho-AKT in the mitochondrial sheath of murine sperm,as determined using colocalization and coimmunoprecipitation assays.After blocking AKT activity using wortmannin(a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase[PI3K]inhibitor),murine sperm have significantly(P<0.05)decreased levels of phospho-PHB(pT258)and the total and progressive motility.Furthermore,significantly(P<0.05)lower levels of phospho-PI3K P85 subunit a+γ(pY199 and pY46)and phospho-AKT(pS473;pT308)are found in sperm from infertile asthenospermic and oligoasthenospermic men compared with no rmospermic subjects,which suggest a reduced activity of the PI3K/AKT pathway in these in fertile subjects.Importantly,these sperm from infertile subjects also have a significantly(P<0.05)lower level of phospho-PHB(pT258).Collectively,our findings suggest that the interaction of PHB with AKT in the mitochondrial sheath is critical for sperm motility,where PHB phosphorylation(pT258)level and PI3K/AKT activity are key regulatory factors.
基金supported by the Peking Post-doctoral Research Fund(EE2019-50)and Peking University International Hospital Research Funds(No.YN2019QN13).
文摘This study aims to investigate the protective effects of peroxiredoxin 6 on the total motility and progressive motility of human spermatozoa.Semen samples with normal parameters were collected from 23 males and supplemented with different concentrations of peroxiredoxin 6.All the semen samples were measured according to the WHO 5th manual,and the motile spermatozoa were extracted using IVF fertilization medium supplemented with different peroxiredoxin 6 concentrations.Total motility and progressive motility were observed at different time-points of culture at room temperature.After peroxiredoxin 6 supplementation,all groups had a significant increase in total motility and progressive motility compared to the control group.The difference in total motility and progressive motility between the 0 and 10−7 mM groups was observed at 24 and 48 h of culture at room temperature.At 24 h,the total motility increased by 30%in the control group(16.03±11.91 vs.11.51±7.84),and progressive motility increased by 21%(10.53±9.4 vs.8.31±6.04).A similar trend was observed in the 48 h group.In addition,we also found that peroxiredoxin 6 had a well protective effect on sperm kinetic parameters at 10−7 mM.The findings of this study suggest that peroxiredoxin 6 can enhance sperm total motility and progressive motility in IVF fertilization medium.Peroxiredoxin 6 may have potential benefits for sperm preparation in assisted reproductive technology.
基金Ministry of Science and Technology of China,National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFC1002003 and No.2017YFC1001601)
文摘Objective:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the sperm motility and DNA integrity at different temperatures to analyze whether the sperms are suitable on the second day for insemination of in vitro matured oocytes by intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI)following density gradient centrifugation(DGC)and swim-up(SU)procedures.Methods:Semen samples were collected from 30 outpatients who visited the Center for Reproductive Medicine for semen analyses.Following sperm selection by DGC and SU procedures,the liquified semen samples were divided into three groups and incubated at 4,25,and 37°C,respectively.Following incubation for 24,48,and 72 hours,the sperm motility and sperm DNA fragmentation index(DFI)were analyzed.Results:Following the combination of DGC and SU procedures,the sperm motility(91.8%±8.6%vs.50.8%±13.1%)and DFI(5.1%±7.9%vs.13.0%±11.6%)were significantly improved(P<0.01)compared to those without any treatment.The sperm motility of the 3 groups significantly declined(P<0.05)post-incubation compared to that of the groups prior incubation.However,sperm motility significantly increased(76.9%±10.4%)(P<0.05)at 25°C compared to that of the other 2 groups(53.5%±11.0%and 47.6%±10.2%).Sperm DFI significantly increased(P<0.05)at 37°C following incubation for 24 and 72 hours in comparison to that of the other 2 groups.However,the sperm DFI did not significantly increase when the sperm samples were incubated at 4(5.7%±5.9%)and 25°C(6.8%±5.6%)for 24 hours compared to that before incubation(5.1%±7.9%).Conclusions:These results indicate that the sperm quality,in terms of motility and DFI,can be efficiently improved by DGC in combination with SU.Following which,the sperm samples can be incubated at 25°C and be used on the second day for insemination of in vitro matured oocytes by ICSI.
基金supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF),funded by the Ministry of Education(NRF-2018R1A6A1A03025159).
文摘Background:Sperm quality evaluation is the logical first step in increasing field fertility.Spermatozoa contain cytoplasmic organelles and biomolecules known as sperm-intrinsic factors,which play key roles in sperm maturation,sperm-oocyte fusion,and embryo development.In particular,sperm membrane proteins[e.g.,arginine vasopressin receptor 2,beta-actin,prohibitin,and heat shock protein family D member 1(HSPD1)]and RNA could be used as functional indicators of male fertility.We sought to clarify the effects of differential mRNA expression of selected genes on several fertilisation parameters,including sperm motility,motion kinematics,capacitation,and litter size,in a porcine model.Results:Our results demonstrated that HSPD1 expression was significantly correlated with male fertility,as measured by the litter size of inseminated sows.The expression of HSPD1 mRNA was linked to sperm motility and other motion kinematic characteristics.Furthermore,HSPD1 had a 66.7%overall accuracy in detecting male fertility,and the high-litter size group which was selected with the HSPD1 marker had a 1.34 greater litter size than the lowlitter size group.Conclusions:Our findings indicate that HSPD1 might be a helpful biomarker for superior boar selection for artificial insemination,which could boost field fertility.
文摘Objective:To determine the effect of oral selenium supplementation and semen collection methods on various post thaw semen quality parameters in Saanen bucks.Methods:Sixteen healthy bucks were divided into two equal groups(n=8 each).The treatment group received selenium at 10-day intervals for three months.Sperm kinematic parameters,morphological parameters,mitochondrial membrane potential,plasma membrane functionality,and sperm DNA integrity were evaluated weekly pre and post-cryopreservation.Results:The mean percentages of the morphological abnormalities were significantly lower in the selenium-supplemented samples when semen was collected by using artificial vagina method(P<0.05).Proximal droplet defects were significantly lower in the selenium supplementation group when semen was collected by electro-ejaculation(P<0.05).Post-thaw sperm parameters such as total motility and progressive motility were significantly higher when semen was obtained by artificial vagina in the selenium-supplemented bucks compared to the electro-ejaculation and the control groups(P<0.05).The sperm kinematic parameters such as curvilinear velocity,average path velocity,and amplitude of lateral head displacement were significantly higher when semen was collected by artificial vagina in the selenium-treated bucks(P<0.05).The percentages of sperm with intact and functional plasma membrane and functional mitochondria were significantly higher in the selenium-supplemented samples collected with artificial vagina compared to the electro-ejaculation method and the control groups(P<0.05).In vitro fertilizing potential was significantly higher in the selenium-supplemented samples collected with artificial vagina compared to the electro-ejaculation method and the control groups,respectively(P<0.05).Conclusions:Oral supplementation of selenium and artificial vagina semen collection improve post thaw sperm quality parameters of Saanen buck.
文摘<strong>Background</strong>: <span><span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">As a part of modern life, using electromagnetic field exposure has increased. EMFs might produce a variety of adverse effects on different parts of human body including the reproductive system. The consequences of exposure to the emitted EMFs from a hair dryer on sperm parameters were the major concerns of the present study.</span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Materials and Methods: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Fifty four adult Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to 9 groups. Samples from all experimental groups received exposure with two different modes: switch on (hot wind) and switch off (cold wind). Samples of group 1 (control) maintained under experimental conditions without any exposure. The exposure protocol for samples in groups 2 to 9 were 10</span></span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cm at 10</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">min—on, 10</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cm at 10</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">min—off, 10</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cm at 20</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">min—on, 10</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cm at 20</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">min—off, 20</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cm at 10</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">min—on, 20</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cm at 10</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">min—off, 20</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cm at 20</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">min—on, 20</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cm at 20</span></span></span><span><span><span> </span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">min—off. After exposure sperm motility was analyzed with a light microscope as a blind experiment. Nonparametric tests were used to detect statistically significant differences between different groups. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Findings of our study indicat</span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ed</span></span></span><span><span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> no significant changes in the frequency of sluggish and non-motile sperms of rats in the control group compared to all treatment groups and showed </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">statistically significant differences between the relative frequency of progressive </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">sperms in control group rats compared to all treatment groups except groups 2 and 7. There were no statically significant changes</span><span style="color:red;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">between groups with different time and distance. Sperm count and morphology were not affected by microwave emitted from hair dryer. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Exposure to the hair dryer microwaves affects sperm motility, which is amongst the key parameters determining the chance of conceiving.</span></span></span></span>
基金Key Scientific and Technological Research Project of Henan Province(172102110097).
文摘The quality of fish sperm is an important factor affecting artificial reproduction.Since the sexual maturation of male and female is not synchronized or for the fish that need to kill the male fish for sperm,sperm preservation solution is used to preserve the sperm temporarily during reproduction,in order to meet the needs of large-scale reproduction.Therefore,the preservation effect of sperm preservation solution directly affects the artificial reproduction.The quality of sperm in the preservation solution can be judged macroscopically by microscopic examination,but it is not accurate,while sperm chromatin structure analysis(SCSA)can quantitatively judge the quality of sperm in the preservation solution,thus providing guarantee for reproduction.The Zhaos sperm preservation solution of Pseudobagrus hwanghoensis has been verified by artificial breeding and SCSA analysis for many times,and it is better than Hanks sperm preservation solution.When the DNA fragmentation index is less than or equal to 0.15,the sperm is vigorous and the effect is obvious.
文摘Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease that affects important body organs in a very serious manner. The consequences of this disease turn out to be a significant problem for the patient, who tries to cope with the new condition his organism has been placed in. The most common effect of the disease, hyperglycaemia, leads over time to serious damage to various body systems, such as nerves and blood vessels. What is not widely known among the population is that diabetes may have harmful effects on the reproductive system of the men suffering from diabetes type 1 and 2 and that such a parameter could lead to or might be the reason for infertility problems for couples, for example, miscarriage or embryonic failure. AGEs is a number of products which are believed to play an important role, because their presence has been detected in increased level in diabetic men. This implies that those glycation products might play a key role in diabetic complications. Their receptor, RAGE, member of the immunoglobulin superfamily has been detected in the reproductive tract of diabetic men. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), a possible product of AGEs appear in high levels in seminal plasma and are believed to be the cause of DNA fragmentation. The objective of this review was to gather all the available material i.e. studies on diabetes mellitus in one article, to study the research which has already been conducted and the conclusions that have been drawn, in order to offer, if possible, new pathways and perspectives to the scientists, who focus on fertility problems, sometimes intractable.
文摘This study evaluated the relationship between serum L-carnitine level and sperm parameters in young boars. Serum L-carnitine and semen characteristics were determined for 61 young Duroc boars between the ages of 590 and 630 days. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to predict total and progressive motility and the total number of spermatozoa based on serum total L-carnitine and free L-carnitine levels. Total number of spermatozoa was not associated with basal serum L-carnitine levels. A regression equation was found in which both total L-carnitine levels and free L-carnitine levels were significant predictors of total and progressive motility (P 0.05). These results suggest that serum L-carnitine level is an important selection parameter for stock boars.
基金Development Fund for Shanghai Talents,China(No.15431903000)。
文摘In order to make the synthetic route of Thiamidol more efficient and easier to scale up,a new method was developed.The compound 2,4-dihydroxyacetophenone was dissolved in ethyl acetate and brominated with cupric bromide.After bromination,the mixture was filtered to remove cuprous bromide.The obtained ethyl acetate solution containing 2-bromo-1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethanone was directly reacted with(2-methylpropanoyl)thiourea to obtain the precipitate of Thiamidol hydrobromide.The precipitate was neutralized by deacidification and recrystallized to afford Thiamidol with high purity.In addition,in the screening of fertility-promoting substances,Thiamidol was found to be effective in protecting human sperm from motility loss in vitro.This suggests that it may have potential application in fertility protection and promotion.
文摘Osteopontin (OPN) is a protein found at higher concentrations in the seminal plasma of bulls with above average fertility. Polymorphisms have been reported within the OPN gene promoter that can affect production of this protein and thus, affect fertility. Therefore, Angus (n = 5) and Angus x Gelbvieh (Balancer, n = 14) and Angus x Brahman (n = 15) bulls were evaluated for presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the Bos taurus OPN gene (GenBank: AY878328.1) promoter region, and their possible effects on bull semen quality as evaluated by computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA). Semen was collected by electroejaculation 6 to 9 times from each bull, and each semen collection was evaluated by CASA for motile, progressive and rapid sperm within 5 mins of ejaculation. The bulls were genotyped for reported single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the promoter region of the OPN gene through amplification of two 700 base pair (bp) DNA fragments and sequencing of the resulting PCR products. Seven SNP sites were identified, at bp 3379, 3490, 3492, 5075, 5205, 5209, and 5263 of the OPN gene. The SNP identified at bp 5205, 5209 and 5263 had not been previously reported. Individual SNP sites were evaluated as the main effect on CASA sperm motility variables in a SAS MIXED model for repeated measures. A thymine to guanine substitution at bp 3379 was associated with increased (P ≤ 0.02) percentage of motile, progressive and rapid sperm in Angus x Brahman bulls, and tended (P ≤ 0.10) to increase the same sperm motility parameters in Angus, and Angus x Gelbvieh bulls. The percentages of motile, progressive and rapid sperm were similar (P ≥ 0.05) among genotypes for the other 6 SNP identified. These results suggest that identification and genotyping of polymorphisms within the promoter region of the bovine OPN gene may be useful for selecting bulls with improved sperm motility parameters.
基金The Chinese University of Hong Kong Direct Grant for their partial support for this research(grant No.4054351).
文摘Cryopreservation impairs sperm quality and functions,including motility and DNA integrity.Antioxidant additives in sperm freezing media have previously brought improvements in postthawed sperm quality.Green tea extract(GTE)is widely considered as an excellent antioxidant,and its beneficial role has been proven in other human cells.This study aims to evaluate the GTE as a potential additive in cryopreservation media of human spermatozoa.In part one,the semen of 20 normozoospermic men was used to optimize the concentration of GTE that maintains sperm motility and DNA integrity against oxidative stress,induced by hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)).Spermatozoa were treated with GTE at different concentrations before incubation with H_(2)O_(2).In part two,the semen of 45 patients was cryopreserved with or without 1.0 ng ml^(-1)GTE.After 2 weeks,the semen was thawed,and the effect on sperm motility and DNA fragmentation was observed.Our data showed that GTE significantly protected sperm motility and DNA integrity against oxidative stress induced by H_(2)O_(2)when added at a final concentration of 1.0 ng ml^(-1).We found that the addition of 1.0 ng ml^(-1)GTE to cryopreservation media significantly increased sperm motility and DNA integrity(both P<0.05).More interestingly,patients with high sperm DNA damage benefited similarly from the GTE supplementation.However,there was no significant change in the reactive oxygen species(ROS)level.In conclusion,supplementing sperm freezing media with GTE has a significant protective effect on human sperm motility and DNA integrity,which may be of clinical interest.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Nos.2012CB94502,2010CB912303)(to L.M.)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.31171337 and 30971648)(to L.M.)+1 种基金Grant Nos.30871226 and 31071180(to Y.Z.)supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences 100-Talents Program.
文摘Nematode sperm undergo a drastic physiological change during spermiogenesis(sperm activation).Unlike mammalian flagellated sperm,nematode sperm are amoeboid cells and their motility is driven by the dynamics of a cytoskeleton composed of major sperm protein(MSP)rather than actin found in other crawling cells.This review focuses on sperm from Caenorhabditis elegans and Ascaris suum to address the roles of external and internal factors that trigger sperm activation and power sperm motility.Nematode sperm can be activated in vitro by several factors,including Pronase and ionophores,and in vivo through the TRY-5 and SPE-8 pathways.Moreover,protease and protease inhibitors are crucial regulators of sperm maturation.MSP-based sperm motility involves a coupled process of protrusion and retraction,both of which have been reconstituted in vitro.Sperm motility is mediated by phosphorylation signals,as illustrated by identification of several key components(MPOP,MFPs and MPAK)in Ascaris and the characterization of GSP-3/4 in C.elegans.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81571487,81701503,and 81971437)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(16ZR1418600).
文摘After leaving the testis,mammalian sperm undergo a sequential maturation process in the epididymis followed by capacitation during their movement through the female reproductive tract.These phenotypic changes are associated with modification of protein phosphorylation and membrane remodeling,which is requisite for sperm to acquire forward motility and induce fertilization.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying sperm maturation and capacitation are still not fully understood.Herein,we show that PPP3R2,a testis-specific regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 3(an isoform of calcineurin in the testis),is essential for sperm maturation and capacitation.Knockout of Ppp3r2 in mice leads to male sterility due to sperm motility impairment and morphological defects.One very noteworthy change includes increases in sperm membrane stiffness.Moreover,PPP3R2 regulates sperm maturation and capacitation via(i)modulation of membrane diffusion barrier function at the annulus and(ii)facilitation of cholesterol efflux during sperm capacitation.Taken together,PPP3R2 plays a critical role in modulating cholesterol efflux and mediating the dynamic control of membrane remodeling during sperm maturation and capacitation.
基金supported by Youth Foundation of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81703963 and No.81202807)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan(No.2018JJ2667 and No.2019JJ40511)the Scientific Research Project of Chinese Traditional Medicine Administration Bureau in Hunan Province(No.201806).
文摘Large numbers of microbes can be present in seminal fluid,and there are differences in the semen microbiota between normal and abnormal semen samples.To evaluate the semen microbiota in patients with leukocytospermia,87 seminal fluid samples,including 33 samples with a normal seminal leukocyte count and 54 samples with leukocytospermia,were obtained for a cross-sectional analysis.Twenty samples with a normal seminal leukocyte count had normal sperm parameters(Control group),and 13 samples with a normal seminal leukocyte count were from asthenozoospermia patients(Ast group).However,32 samples with leukocytospermia were from asthenozoospermia patients(LA group),and only 22 samples with leukocytospermia had normal sperm parameters(Leu group).The 16S ribosomal RNA(rRNA)gene sequencing method was used to sequence the microbiota in the seminal fluid,and multiple bioinformatics methods were utilized to analyze the data.Finally,the results showed that the worse sperm parameters were observed in the leukocytospermia-related groups.Semen microbiota analysis found that there was increased alpha diversity in the leukocytospermia-related groups.Firmicutes,Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria,and Bacteroidetes were the primary phyla in the seminal fluid.Two microbiota profiles,namely,Lactobacillus-enriched and Streptococcus-enriched groups,were identified in this study.The majority of the samples in the groups with a normal seminal leukocyte count could be categorized as Lactobacillus-enriched,whereas the majority of the leukocytospermia samples could be categorized as Streptococcus-enriched.Our study indicated that males with leukocytospermia have worse sperm parameters and a different semen microbiota composition compared to males with a normal seminal leukocyte count.
文摘Oxidative stress(OS)is detri me ntal to sperm fun ctio ns,and the oxidation reductio n pote ntial(ORP)is a good measure of OS as it considers the balance betwee n oxidants and reducta nts.Total motile sperm count(TMSC)is viewed as the single most im porta nt semen analysis parameter that can predict male infertility severity,and its correlation with ORP has never been undertaken.The objectives of this study were to assess the correlation between ORP and TMSC,to identify the ORP cutoff value based on the TMSC result,and to compare this cutoff value with previously reported ORP cutoff values in literature.One thousand one hundred and sixty-eight infertile patients and 100 fertile controls were enrolled.Demographic and semen data of the participants were retrieved and analyzed.Wilcox on's rank-sum test compared variables betwee n infertile men and fertile controls;Spearman's correlation assessed the static ORP(sORP)-TMSC relationship for the whole sample and among each group individually.Using a 20×10^6TMSC threshold,receiver operator characteristic(ROC)analysis determined the sORP cutoff associated with the highest predictive values.TMSC was significantly negatively correlated with sORP across all participants(r=0.86,P<0.001),among infertile patients(r=0.729,P<0.001),and among fertile controls(r=0.53,P<0.001).A 20-million TMSC threshold determined an sORP cutoff value of 2.34 mV/106sperm/ml to be associated with 82.9%sensitivity,82.8%specificity,91.5%positive predictive value(PPV),68.5%negative predictive value(NPV),and 82.9%overall accuracy.Compared with previously reported cutoff values in searched literature,the 2.34 mV/10^6sperm/ml cutoff value identified in our study yielded the highest overall diagnostic accuracy in the evaluation of in fertile men.
